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Scalabrini M, Loquet D, Rochard C, Baudin Marie M, Assailly C, Brissonnet Y, Daligault F, Saumonneau A, Lambert A, Grandjean C, Deniaud D, Lottin P, Pascual S, Fontaine L, Balloy V, Gouin SG. Multivalent inhibition of the Aspergillus fumigatus KDNase. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:5783-5789. [PMID: 38938184 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00601a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is a saprophytic fungus and opportunistic pathogen often causing fatal infections in immunocompromised patients. Recently AfKDNAse, an exoglycosidase hydrolyzing 3-deoxy-D-galacto-D-glycero-nonulosonic acid (KDN), a rare sugar from the sialic acid family, was identified and characterized. The principal function of AfKDNAse is still unclear, but a study suggests a critical role in fungal cell wall morphology and virulence. Potent AfKDNAse inhibitors are required to better probe the enzyme's biological role and as potential antivirulence factors. In this work, we developed a set of AfKDNAse inhibitors based on enzymatically stable thio-KDN motifs. C2, C9-linked heterodi-KDN were designed to fit into unusually close KDN sugar binding pockets in the protein. A polymeric compound with an average of 54 KDN motifs was also designed by click chemistry. Inhibitory assays performed on recombinant AfKDNAse showed a moderate and strong enzymatic inhibition for the two classes of compounds, respectively. The poly-KDN showed more than a nine hundred fold improved inhibitory activity (IC50 = 1.52 ± 0.37 μM, 17-fold in a KDN molar basis) compared to a monovalent KDN reference, and is to our knowledge, the best synthetic inhibitor described for a KDNase. Multivalency appears to be a relevant strategy for the design of potent KDNase inhibitors. Importantly, poly-KDN was shown to strongly decrease filamentation when co-cultured with A. fumigatus at micromolar concentrations, opening interesting perspectives in the development of antivirulence factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Denis Loquet
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM, UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Camille Rochard
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Paris, France
| | | | - Coralie Assailly
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM, UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Yoan Brissonnet
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM, UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Franck Daligault
- Nantes Université, CNRS, US2B, UMR 6286, F-44000 Nantes, France 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Amélie Saumonneau
- Nantes Université, CNRS, US2B, UMR 6286, F-44000 Nantes, France 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Annie Lambert
- Nantes Université, CNRS, US2B, UMR 6286, F-44000 Nantes, France 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Cyrille Grandjean
- Nantes Université, CNRS, US2B, UMR 6286, F-44000 Nantes, France 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - David Deniaud
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM, UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Paul Lottin
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, Av. O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France
| | - Sagrario Pascual
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, Av. O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France
| | - Laurent Fontaine
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, Av. O. Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans cedex 9, France
| | - Viviane Balloy
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Paris, France
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2
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Mishra B, Yuan Y, Yu H, Kang H, Gao J, Daniels R, Chen X. Synthetic Sialosides Terminated with 8-N-Substituted Sialic Acid as Selective Substrates for Sialidases from Bacteria and Influenza Viruses. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403133. [PMID: 38713874 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Sialosides containing C8-modified sialic acids are challenging synthetic targets but potentially useful probes for diagnostic substrate profiling of sialidases and elucidating the binding specificity of sialic acid-interacting proteins. Here, we demonstrate efficient chemoenzymatic methods for synthesizing para-nitrophenol-tagged α2-3- and α2-6-linked sialyl galactosides containing C8-acetamido, C8-azido, or C8-amino derivatized N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac). High-throughput substrate specificity studies showed that the C8-modification of sialic acid significantly changes its recognition by sialidases from humans, various bacteria, and different influenza A and B viruses. Sialosides carrying Neu5Ac with a C8-azido modification were generally well tolerated by all the sialidases we tested, whereas sialosides containing C8-acetamido-modified Neu5Ac were only cleaved by selective bacterial sialidases. In contrast, sialosides with C8-amino-modified Neu5Ac were cleaved by a combination of selective bacterial and influenza A virus sialidases. These results indicate that sialosides terminated with a C8-amino or C8-acetamido-modified sialic acid can be used with other sialosides for diagnostic profiling of disease-causing sialidase-producing pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijoyananda Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, 95616, United States
| | - Yue Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, 95616, United States
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, 95616, United States
| | - Hyeog Kang
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, United States
| | - Jin Gao
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, United States
| | - Robert Daniels
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, United States
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California, 95616, United States
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3
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Mei S, Li D, Wang A, Zhu G, Zhou B, Li N, Qin Y, Zhang Y, Jiang S. The role of sialidase Neu1 in respiratory diseases. Respir Res 2024; 25:134. [PMID: 38500102 PMCID: PMC10949680 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02763-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Neu1 is a sialidase enzyme that plays a crucial role in the regulation of glycosylation in a variety of cellular processes, including cellular signaling and inflammation. In recent years, numerous evidence has suggested that human NEU1 is also involved in the pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases, including lung infection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and pulmonary fibrosis. This review paper aims to provide an overview of the current research on human NEU1 and respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiran Mei
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dingding Li
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Aoyi Wang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoxue Zhu
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingwen Zhou
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Nian Li
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanliang Zhang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
- Nanjing Research Center for Infectious Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shujun Jiang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
- Nanjing Research Center for Infectious Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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4
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Yadav Y, Tyagi R, Kumar R, Sagar R. Conformationally locked sugar derivatives and analogues as potential neuraminidase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 255:115410. [PMID: 37120995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The influenza virus remains a major health concern for mankind because it tends to mutate frequently and cause high morbidity. Influenza prevention and treatment are greatly aided by the use of antivirals. One such class of antivirals is neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs), effective against influenza viruses. A neuraminidase on the virus's surface serves a vital function in viral propogation by assisting in the release of viruses from infected host cells. Neuraminidase inhibitors are the backbone in stoping such virus propagation thus helps in the treatment of influenza viruses infections. Two NAI medicines are licensed globally: Oseltamivir (Tamiflu™) and Zanamivir (Relanza™). There are two molecules that have acquired Japanese approval recently: Peramivir and Laninamivir, whereas Laninamivir octanoate is in Phase III clinical trials. The need for novel NAIs is due to frequent mutations in viruses and the rise in resistance against existing medication. The NA inhibitors (NAIs) are designed to have (oxa)cyclohexene scaffolds (a sugar scaffold) to mimic the oxonium transition state in the enzymatic cleavage of sialic acid. This review discusses in details and comprises all such conformationally locked (oxa)cyclohexene scaffolds and their analogues which have been recently designed and synthesized as potential neuraminidase inhibitors, thus as antiviral molecules. The structure-activity relationship of such diverese molecules has also been discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Yadav
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rajdeep Tyagi
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India
| | - Ram Sagar
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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5
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Keil J, Rafn GR, Turan IM, Aljohani MA, Sahebjam-Atabaki R, Sun XL. Sialidase Inhibitors with Different Mechanisms. J Med Chem 2022; 65:13574-13593. [PMID: 36252951 PMCID: PMC9620260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sialidases, or neuraminidases, are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of sialic acid (Sia)-containing molecules, mostly removal of the terminal Sia (desialylation). By desialylation, sialidase can modulate the functionality of the target compound and is thus often involved in biological pathways. Inhibition of sialidases with inhibitors is an important approach for understanding sialidase function and the underlying mechanisms and could serve as a therapeutic approach as well. Transition-state analogues, such as anti-influenza drugs oseltamivir and zanamivir, are major sialidase inhibitors. In addition, difluoro-sialic acids were developed as mechanism-based sialidase inhibitors. Further, fluorinated quinone methide-based suicide substrates were reported. Sialidase product analogue inhibitors were also explored. Finally, natural products have shown competitive inhibiton against viral, bacterial, and human sialidases. This Perspective describes sialidase inhibitors with different mechanisms and their activities and future potential, which include transition-state analogue inhibitors, mechanism-based inhibitors, suicide substrate inhibitors, product analogue inhibitors, and natural product inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph
M. Keil
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and
Biomedical Engineering and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and
Disease (GRHD), Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
| | - Garrett R. Rafn
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and
Biomedical Engineering and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and
Disease (GRHD), Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
| | - Isaac M. Turan
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and
Biomedical Engineering and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and
Disease (GRHD), Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
| | - Majdi A. Aljohani
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and
Biomedical Engineering and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and
Disease (GRHD), Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
| | - Reza Sahebjam-Atabaki
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and
Biomedical Engineering and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and
Disease (GRHD), Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
| | - Xue-Long Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and
Biomedical Engineering and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and
Disease (GRHD), Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
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6
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Nugroho CMH, Kurnia RS, Tarigan S, Silaen OSM, Triwidyaningtyas S, Wibawan IWT, Natalia L, Takdir AK, Soebandrio A. Screening and purification of NanB sialidase from Pasteurella multocida with activity in hydrolyzing sialic acid Neu5Acα(2–6)Gal and Neu5Acα(2–3)Gal. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9425. [PMID: 35676312 PMCID: PMC9177577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13635-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Study on sialidases as antiviral agents has been widely performed, but many types of sialidase have not been tested for their antiviral activity. Pasteurella multocida NanB sialidase is one such sialidase that has never been isolated for further research. In this study, the activity of NanB sialidase was investigated in silico by docking the NanB sialidase of Pasteurella multocida to the Neu5Acα(2–6)Gal and Neu5Acα(2–3)Gal ligands. Additionally, some local isolates of Pasteurella multocida, which had the NanB gene were screened, and the proteins were isolated for further testing regarding their activity in hydrolyzing Neu5Acα(2–6)Gal and Neu5Acα(2–3)Gal. Silico studies showed that the NanB sialidase possesses an exceptional affinity towards forming a protein–ligand complex with Neu5Acα(2–6)Gal and Neu5Acα(2–3)Gal. NanB sialidase of Pasteurella multocida B018 at 0.129 U/mL and 0.258 U/mL doses can hydrolyze Neu5Acα(2–6)Gal and Neu5Acα(2–3)Gal better than other doses. In addition, those doses can inhibit effectively H9N2 viral binding to red blood cells. This study suggested that the NanB sialidase of Pasteurella multocida B018 has a potent antiviral activity because can hydrolyze sialic acid on red blood cells surface and inhibit the H9N2 viral binding to the cells.
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7
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Bourguet E, Figurska S, Fra Czek MM. Human Neuraminidases: Structures and Stereoselective Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2022; 65:3002-3025. [PMID: 35170942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This Perspective describes the classification, structures, substrates, mechanisms of action, and implications of human neuraminidases (hNEUs) in various pathologies. Some inhibitors have been developed for each isoform, leading to more precise interactions with hNEUs. Although crystal structure data are available for NEU2, most of the findings are based on NEU1 inhibition, and limited information is available for other hNEUs. Therefore, the synthesis of new compounds would facilitate the enrichment of the arsenal of inhibitors to better understand the roles of hNEUs and their mechanisms of action. Nevertheless, due to the already known inhibitors of human neuraminidase enzymes, a structure-activity relationship is presented along with different approaches to inhibit these enzymes for the development of potent and selective inhibitors. Among the different emerging strategies, one is the inhibition of the dimerization of NEU1 or NEU3, and the second is the inhibition of certain receptors located close to hNEU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Bourguet
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), CNRS UMR 7312, 51097 Reims, France
| | - Sylwia Figurska
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), CNRS UMR 7312, 51097 Reims, France.,Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Manuela Maria Fra Czek
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), CNRS UMR 7312, 51097 Reims, France.,Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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8
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Bowles WHD, Gloster TM. Sialidase and Sialyltransferase Inhibitors: Targeting Pathogenicity and Disease. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:705133. [PMID: 34395532 PMCID: PMC8358268 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.705133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialidases (SAs) and sialyltransferases (STs), the enzymes responsible for removing and adding sialic acid to other glycans, play essential roles in viruses, bacteria, parasites, and humans. Sialic acid is often the terminal sugar on glycans protruding from the cell surface in humans and is an important component for recognition and cell function. Pathogens have evolved to exploit this and use sialic acid to either “cloak” themselves, ensuring they remain undetected, or as a mechanism to enable release of virus progeny. The development of inhibitors against SAs and STs therefore provides the opportunity to target a range of diseases. Inhibitors targeting viral, bacterial, or parasitic enzymes can directly target their pathogenicity in humans. Excellent examples of this can be found with the anti-influenza drugs Zanamivir (Relenza™, GlaxoSmithKline) and Oseltamivir (Tamiflu™, Roche and Gilead), which have been used in the clinic for over two decades. However, the development of resistance against these drugs means there is an ongoing need for novel potent and specific inhibitors. Humans possess 20 STs and four SAs that play essential roles in cellular function, but have also been implicated in cancer progression, as glycans on many cancer cells are found to be hyper-sialylated. Whilst much remains unknown about how STs function in relation to disease, it is clear that specific inhibitors of them can serve both as tools to gain a better understanding of their activity and form the basis for development of anti-cancer drugs. Here we review the recent developments in the design of SA and ST inhibitors against pathogens and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H D Bowles
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Tracey M Gloster
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
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9
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Sobenin IA, Markin AM, Glanz VY, Markina YV, Wu WK, Myasoedova VA, Orekhov AN. Prospects for the Use of Sialidase Inhibitors in Anti-atherosclerotic Therapy. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2438-2450. [PMID: 32867633 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200831133912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The most typical feature of atherogenesis in humans at its early stage is the formation of foam cells in subendothelial arterial intima, which occurs as the consequence of intracellular cholesterol deposition. The main source of lipids accumulating in the arterial wall is circulating low-density lipoprotein (LDL). However, LDL particles should undergo proatherogenic modification to acquire atherogenic properties. One of the known types of atherogenic modification of LDL is enzymatic deglycosilation, namely, desialylation, which is the earliest change in the cascade of following multiple LDL modifications. The accumulating data make sialidases an intriguing and plausible therapeutic target, since pharmacological modulation of activity of these enzymes may have beneficial effects in several pathologies, including atherosclerosis. The hypothesis exists that decreasing LDL enzymatic desialylation may result in the prevention of lipid accumulation in arterial wall, thus breaking down one of the key players in atherogenesis at the cellular level. Several drugs acting as glycomimetics and inhibiting sialidase enzymatic activity already exist, but the concept of sialidase inhibition as an anti-atherosclerosis strategy remains unexplored to date. This review is focused on the potential possibilities of the repurposing of sialidase inhibitors for pathogenetic anti-atherosclerotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Sobenin
- Laboratory of Infection Pathology and Molecular Microecology & Central Laboratory of Pathology, Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander M Markin
- Laboratory of Infection Pathology and Molecular Microecology & Central Laboratory of Pathology, Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Victor Y Glanz
- Laboratory of Infection Pathology and Molecular Microecology & Central Laboratory of Pathology, Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yuliya V Markina
- Laboratory of Infection Pathology and Molecular Microecology & Central Laboratory of Pathology, Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Wei-Kai Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei- Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Veronika A Myasoedova
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
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10
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Asressu KH, Wang CC. SnCl 4-catalyzed solvent-free acetolysis of 2,7-anhydrosialic acid derivatives. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:2990-2999. [PMID: 31949543 PMCID: PMC6948141 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialic acid-containing glycans are found in different sialic acid forms and a variety of glycosidic linkages in biologically active glycoconjugates. Hence, the preparation of suitably protected sialyl building blocks requires high attention in order to access glycans in a pure form. In line with this, various C-5-substituted 2,7-anhydrosialic acid derivatives bearing both electron-donating and -withdrawing protecting groups were synthesized and subjected to different Lewis acid-catalyzed solvent-free ring-opening reactions at room temperature in the presence of acetic anhydride. Among the various Lewis acids tested, the desired acetolysis products were obtained in moderate yields under tin(IV) chloride catalysis. Our methodology could be extended to regioselective protecting group installations and manipulations towards a number of thiosialoside and halide donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kesatebrhan Haile Asressu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology (SCST), Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chung Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology (SCST), Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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11
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Kooner AS, Yu H, Chen X. Synthesis of N-Glycolylneuraminic Acid (Neu5Gc) and Its Glycosides. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2004. [PMID: 31555264 PMCID: PMC6724515 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialic acids constitute a family of negatively charged structurally diverse monosaccharides that are commonly presented on the termini of glycans in higher animals and some microorganisms. In addition to N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycolyl neuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) is among the most common sialic acid forms in nature. Nevertheless, unlike most animals, human cells loss the ability to synthesize Neu5Gc although Neu5Gc-containing glycoconjugates have been found on human cancer cells and in various human tissues due to dietary incorporation of Neu5Gc. Some pathogenic bacteria also produce Neu5Ac and the corresponding glycoconjugates but Neu5Gc-producing bacteria have yet to be found. In addition to Neu5Gc, more than 20 Neu5Gc derivatives have been found in non-human vertebrates. To explore the biological roles of Neu5Gc and its naturally occurring derivatives as well as the corresponding glycans and glycoconjugates, various chemical and enzymatic synthetic methods have been developed to obtain a vast array of glycosides containing Neu5Gc and/or its derivatives. Here we provide an overview on various synthetic methods that have been developed. Among these, the application of highly efficient one-pot multienzyme (OPME) sialylation systems in synthesizing compounds containing Neu5Gc and derivatives has been proven as a powerful strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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12
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Li W, Santra A, Yu H, Slack TJ, Muthana MM, Shi D, Liu Y, Chen X. 9-Azido-9-deoxy-2,3-difluorosialic Acid as a Subnanomolar Inhibitor against Bacterial Sialidases. J Org Chem 2019; 84:6697-6708. [PMID: 31083938 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A library of 2(a),3(a/e)-difluorosialic acids and their C-5 and/or C-9 derivatives were chemoenzymatically synthesized. Pasteurella multocida sialic acid aldolase (PmAldolase), but not its Escherichia coli homologue (EcAldolase), was found to catalyze the formation of C5-azido analogue of 3-fluoro(a)-sialic acid. In comparison, both PmAldolase and EcAldolase could catalyze the synthesis of 3-fluoro(a/e)-sialic acids and their C-9 analogues although PmAldolase was generally more efficient. The chemoenzymatically synthesized 3-fluoro(a/e)-sialic acid analogues were purified and chemically derivatized to form the desired difluorosialic acids and derivatives. Inhibition studies against several bacterial sialidases and a recombinant human cytosolic sialidase hNEU2 indicated that sialidase inhibition was affected by the C-3 fluorine stereochemistry and derivatization at C-5 and/or C-9 of the inhibitor. Opposite to that observed for influenza A virus sialidases and hNEU2, compounds with axial fluorine at C-3 were better inhibitors (up to 100-fold) against bacterial sialidases compared to their 3F-equatorial counterparts. While C-5-modified compounds were less-efficient antibacterial sialidase inhibitors, 9-N3-modified 2,3-difluoro-Neu5Ac showed increased inhibitory activity against bacterial sialidases. 9-Azido-9-deoxy-2-(e)-3-(a)-difluoro- N-acetylneuraminic acid [2(e)3(a)DFNeu5Ac9N3] was identified as an effective inhibitor with a long effective duration selectively against pathogenic bacterial sialidases from Clostridium perfringens (CpNanI) and Vibrio cholerae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Davis , One Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Abhishek Santra
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Davis , One Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Davis , One Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Teri J Slack
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Davis , One Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | | | | | | | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Davis , One Shields Avenue , Davis , California 95616 , United States
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13
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Guo T, Héon-Roberts R, Zou C, Zheng R, Pshezhetsky AV, Cairo CW. Selective Inhibitors of Human Neuraminidase 1 (NEU1). J Med Chem 2018; 61:11261-11279. [PMID: 30457869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of human neuraminidase enzymes (NEU) are recognized as important tools for the study of the biological functions of NEU and will be potent tools for elucidating the role of these enzymes in regulating the repertoire of cellular glycans. Here we report the discovery of selective inhibitors of the human neuraminidase 1 (NEU1) and neuraminidase 2 (NEU2) enzymes with exceptional potency. A library of modified 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro- N-acetylneuraminic acid (DANA) analogues, with variability in the C5- or C9-position, were synthesized and evaluated against four human neuraminidase isoenyzmes (NEU1-4). Hydrophobic groups with an amide linker at the C5 and C9 positions were well accommodated by NEU1, and a hexanamido group was found to give the best potency at both positions. While the C5-hexanamido-C9-hexanamido-DANA analogue did not show synergistic improvements for combined modification, an extended alkylamide at an individual position combined with a smaller group at the second gave increased potency. The best NEU1 inhibitor identified was a C5-hexanamido-C9-acetamido-DANA that had a Ki of 53 ± 5 nM and 340-fold selectivity over other isoenzymes. Additionally, we demonstrated that C5-modifications combined with a C4-guandino group provided the most potent NEU2 inhibitor reported, with a Ki of 1.3 ± 0.2 μM and 7-fold selectivity over other NEU isoenzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlin Guo
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Rachel Héon-Roberts
- Division of Medical Genetics , Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal , Montréal , H3T 1C5 , Canada
| | - Chunxia Zou
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Ruixiang Zheng
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Alexey V Pshezhetsky
- Division of Medical Genetics , Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal , Montréal , H3T 1C5 , Canada
| | - Christopher W Cairo
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
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14
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Slack TJ, Li W, Shi D, McArthur JB, Zhao G, Li Y, Xiao A, Khedri Z, Yu H, Liu Y, Chen X. Triazole-linked transition state analogs as selective inhibitors against V. cholerae sialidase. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:5751-5757. [PMID: 30389408 PMCID: PMC6326775 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Sialidases or neuraminidases are enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of terminal sialic acids from oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. They play important roles in bacterial and viral infection and have been attractive targets for drug development. Structure-based drug design has led to potent inhibitors against neuraminidases of influenza A viruses that have been used successfully as approved therapeutics. However, selective and effective inhibitors against bacterial and human sialidases are still being actively pursued. Guided by crystal structural analysis, several derivatives of 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac2en or DANA) were designed and synthesized as triazole-linked transition state analogs. Inhibition studies revealed that glycopeptide analog E-(TriazoleNeu5Ac2en)-AKE and compound (TriazoleNeu5Ac2en)-A were selective inhibitors against Vibrio cholerae sialidase, while glycopeptide analog (TriazoleNeu5Ac2en)-AdE selectively inhibited Vibrio cholerae and A. ureafaciens sialidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teri J. Slack
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA,These authors contributed equality to this work
| | - Wanqing Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA,These authors contributed equality to this work
| | - Dashuang Shi
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave, NW, Washington DC 20012, USA
| | - John B. McArthur
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Gengxiang Zhao
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave, NW, Washington DC 20012, USA
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - An Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Zahra Khedri
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave, NW, Washington DC 20012, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA,Corresponding author. Tel: +1 530 754 6037; fax: +1 530 752 8995. (X. Chen)
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15
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Guo T, Dätwyler P, Demina E, Richards MR, Ge P, Zou C, Zheng R, Fougerat A, Pshezhetsky AV, Ernst B, Cairo CW. Selective Inhibitors of Human Neuraminidase 3. J Med Chem 2018; 61:1990-2008. [PMID: 29425031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Human neuraminidases (NEU) are associated with human diseases including cancer, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. To obtain small molecule inhibitors as research tools for the study of their biological functions, we designed a library of 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro- N-acetylneuraminic acid (DANA) analogues with modifications at C4 and C9 positions. This library allowed us to discover selective inhibitors targeting the human NEU3 isoenzyme. Our most selective inhibitor for NEU3 has a Ki of 320 ± 40 nM and a 15-fold selectivity over other human neuraminidase isoenzymes. This inhibitor blocks glycolipid processing by NEU3 in vitro. To improve their pharmacokinetic properties, various esters of the best inhibitors were synthesized and evaluated. Finally, we confirmed that our best compounds exhibited selective inhibition of NEU orthologues from murine brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlin Guo
- Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Philipp Dätwyler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter , University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 50 , CH-4056 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Ekaterina Demina
- Division of Medical Genetics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center , University of Montreal , Montréal , Quebec H3T 1C5 , Canada
| | - Michele R Richards
- Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Peng Ge
- Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Chunxia Zou
- Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Ruixiang Zheng
- Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Anne Fougerat
- Division of Medical Genetics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center , University of Montreal , Montréal , Quebec H3T 1C5 , Canada
| | - Alexey V Pshezhetsky
- Division of Medical Genetics, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center , University of Montreal , Montréal , Quebec H3T 1C5 , Canada
| | - Beat Ernst
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacenter , University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 50 , CH-4056 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Christopher W Cairo
- Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
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16
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Xiao A, Li Y, Li X, Santra A, Yu H, Li W, Chen X. Sialidase-catalyzed one-pot multienzyme (OPME) synthesis of sialidase transition-state analogue inhibitors. ACS Catal 2018; 8:43-47. [PMID: 29713561 PMCID: PMC5920526 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sialidase transition state analog inhibitor 2,3-dehydro-2-deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac2en, DANA) has played a leading role in developing clinically used anti-influenza virus drugs. Taking advantage of the Neu5Ac2en-forming catalytic property of Streptococcus pneumoniae sialidase SpNanC, an effective one-pot multienzyme (OPME) strategy has been developed to directly access Neu5Ac2en and its C-5, C-9, and C-7-analogs from N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) and analogs. The obtained Neu5Ac2en analogs can be further derivatized at various positions to generate a larger inhibitor library. Inhibition studies demonstrated improved selectivity of several C-5- or C-9-modified Neu5Ac2en derivatives against several bacterial sialidases. The study provides an efficient enzymatic method to access sialidase inhibitors with improved selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Xixuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Abhishek Santra
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Wanqing Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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17
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Silva LN, Zimmer KR, Macedo AJ, Trentin DS. Plant Natural Products Targeting Bacterial Virulence Factors. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9162-236. [PMID: 27437994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Decreased antimicrobial efficiency has become a global public health issue. The paucity of new antibacterial drugs is evident, and the arsenal against infectious diseases needs to be improved urgently. The selection of plants as a source of prototype compounds is appropriate, since plant species naturally produce a wide range of secondary metabolites that act as a chemical line of defense against microorganisms in the environment. Although traditional approaches to combat microbial infections remain effective, targeting microbial virulence rather than survival seems to be an exciting strategy, since the modulation of virulence factors might lead to a milder evolutionary pressure for the development of resistance. Additionally, anti-infective chemotherapies may be successfully achieved by combining antivirulence and conventional antimicrobials, extending the lifespan of these drugs. This review presents an updated discussion of natural compounds isolated from plants with chemically characterized structures and activity against the major bacterial virulence factors: quorum sensing, bacterial biofilms, bacterial motility, bacterial toxins, bacterial pigments, bacterial enzymes, and bacterial surfactants. Moreover, a critical analysis of the most promising virulence factors is presented, highlighting their potential as targets to attenuate bacterial virulence. The ongoing progress in the field of antivirulence therapy may therefore help to translate this promising concept into real intervention strategies in clinical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Nunes Silva
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90610-000, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Karine Rigon Zimmer
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Alexandre José Macedo
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90610-000, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91501-970, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional do Semiárido , Campina Grande, Paraı́ba 58429-970, Brazil
| | - Danielle Silva Trentin
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90610-000, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 91501-970, Brazil
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18
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Zamora CY, Ryan MJ, d'Alarcao M, Kumar K. Sialidases as regulators of bioengineered cellular surfaces. Glycobiology 2015; 25:784-91. [PMID: 25795684 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwv019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human sialidases (NEUs) catalyze the removal of N-acetyl neuraminic acids from the glycome of the cell and regulate a diverse repertoire of nominal cellular functions, such as cell signaling and adhesion. A greater understanding of their substrate permissivity is of interest in order to discern their physiological functions in disease states and in the design of specific and effective small molecule inhibitors. Towards this, we have synthesized soluble fluorogenic reporters of mammalian sialidase activity bearing unnatural sialic acids commonly incorporated into the cellular glycocalyx via metabolic glycoengineering. We found cell-surface sialidases in Jurkat capable of cleaving unnatural sialic acids with differential activities toward a variety of R groups on neuraminic acid. In addition, we observed modulated structure-activity relationships when cell-surface sialidases were presented glycans with unnatural bulky, hydrophobic or fluorinated moieties incorporated directly via glycoengineering. Our results confirm the importance of cell-surface sialidases in glycoengineering incorporation data. We demonstrate the flexibility of human NEUs toward derivatized sugars and highlight the importance of native glycan presentation to sialidase binding and activity. These results stand to inform not only metabolic glycoengineering efforts but also inhibitor design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew J Ryan
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Marc d'Alarcao
- Department of Chemistry, San José State University, San José, CA, USA
| | - Krishna Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA Cancer Center, Tufts Medical Center Boston, Boston, MA, USA
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19
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Soto-Girón MJ, Ospina OE, Massey SE. Elevated levels of adaption in Helicobacter pylori genomes from Japan; a link to higher incidences of gastric cancer? EVOLUTION MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 2015:88-105. [PMID: 25788149 PMCID: PMC4419197 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eov005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that lives in the human stomach and is a major risk factor for gastric cancer and ulcers. H.pylori is host dependent and has been carried with human populations around the world after their departure from Africa. We wished to investigate how H.pylori has coevolved with its host during that time, focusing on strains from Japanese and European populations, given that gastric cancer incidence is high in Japanese populations, while low in European. A positive selection analysis of eight H.pylori genomes was conducted, using maximum likelihood based pairwise comparisons in order to maximize the number of strain-specific genes included in the study. Using the genic Ka/Ks ratio, comparisons of four Japanese H.pylori genomes suggests 25–34 genes under positive selection, while four European H.pylori genomes suggests 16–21 genes; few of the genes identified were in common between lineages. Of the identified genes which were annotated, 38% possessed homologs associated with pathogenicity and / or host adaptation, consistent with their involvement in a coevolutionary ‘arms race’ with the host. Given the efficacy of identifying host interaction factors de novo, in the absence of functionally annotated homologs our evolutionary approach may have value in identifying novel genes which H.pylori employs to interact with the human gut environment. In addition, the larger number of genes inferred as being under positive selection in Japanese strains compared to European implies a stronger overall adaptive pressure, potentially resulting from an elevated immune response which may be linked to increased inflammation, an initial stage in the development of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Juliana Soto-Girón
- Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico - Rio Piedras, PO Box 23360, San Juan 00931, Puerto Rico
| | - Oscar E Ospina
- Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico - Rio Piedras, PO Box 23360, San Juan 00931, Puerto Rico
| | - Steven Edward Massey
- Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico - Rio Piedras, PO Box 23360, San Juan 00931, Puerto Rico
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20
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Chemoenzymatic synthesis of sialosides containing C7-modified sialic acids and their application in sialidase substrate specificity studies. Carbohydr Res 2014; 389:100-11. [PMID: 24680514 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Modifications at the glycerol side chain of sialic acid in sialosides modulate their recognition by sialic acid-binding proteins and sialidases. However, limited work has been focused on the synthesis and functional studies of sialosides with C7-modified sialic acids. Here we report chemical synthesis of C4-modified ManNAc and mannose and their application as sialic acid precursors in a highly efficient one-pot three-enzyme system for chemoenzymatic synthesis of α2-3- and α2-6-linked sialyl para-nitrophenyl galactosides in which the C7-hydroxyl group in sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid, Neu5Ac, or 2-keto-3-deoxynonulosonic acid, Kdn) was systematically substituted by -F, -OMe, -H, and -N3 groups. Substrate specificity study of bacterial and human sialidases using the obtained sialoside library containing C7-modified sialic acids showed that sialosides containing C7-deoxy Neu5Ac were selective substrates for all bacterial sialidases tested but not for human NEU2. The information obtained from sialidase substrate specificity can be used to guide the design of new inhibitors that are selective against bacterial sialidases.
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21
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Abstract
A review of known small molecule inhibitors and substrates of the human neuraminidase enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W. Cairo
- Alberta Glycomics Centre
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton Alberta
- Canada
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22
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Albohy A, Zhang Y, Smutova V, Pshezhetsky AV, Cairo CW. Identification of Selective Nanomolar Inhibitors of the Human Neuraminidase, NEU4. ACS Med Chem Lett 2013; 4:532-7. [PMID: 24900705 DOI: 10.1021/ml400080t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The human neuraminidase enzymes (hNEU) play important roles in human physiology and pathology. The lack of potent and selective inhibitors toward these enzymes has limited our understanding of their function and the development of therapeutic applications. Here we report the evaluation of a panel of compounds against the four human neuraminidase isoenzymes. Among the compounds tested, we identified the first selective, nanomolar inhibitors of the human neuraminidase 4 enzyme (NEU4). The most potent NEU4 inhibitor (5-acetamido-9-[4-hydroxymethyl[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl]-2,3,5,9-tetradeoxy-d-glycero-d-galacto-2-nonulopyranosonic acid) was found to have an inhibitory constant (K i ) of 30 ± 19 nM and was 500-fold selective for its target over the other hNEU isoenzymes tested in vitro (NEU1, NEU2, and NEU3). This is the first report of any inhibitor of hNEU with nanomolar potency, and this confirms that the 2,3-didehydro-2-deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid (DANA) scaffold can be exploited to develop new, potent, and selective inhibitors that target this important family of human enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amgad Albohy
- Alberta Glycomics
Center, Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton
Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Yi Zhang
- Alberta Glycomics
Center, Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton
Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Victoria Smutova
- Division of Medical Genetics,
Centre Hospitaliere Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and Department
of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexey V. Pshezhetsky
- Division of Medical Genetics,
Centre Hospitaliere Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and Department
of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christopher W. Cairo
- Alberta Glycomics
Center, Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton
Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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23
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Zhang Y, Albohy A, Zou Y, Smutova V, Pshezhetsky AV, Cairo CW. Identification of selective inhibitors for human neuraminidase isoenzymes using C4,C7-modified 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid (DANA) analogues. J Med Chem 2013; 56:2948-58. [PMID: 23530623 DOI: 10.1021/jm301892f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the past two decades, human neuraminidases (human sialidases, hNEUs) have been found to be involved in numerous pathways in biology. The development of selective and potent inhibitors of these enzymes will provide critical tools for glycobiology, help to avoid undesired side effects of antivirals, and may reveal new small-molecule therapeutic targets for human cancers. However, because of the high active site homology of the hNEU isoenzymes, little progress in the design and synthesis of selective inhibitors has been realized. Guided by our previous studies of human NEU3 inhibitors, we designed a series of C4,C7-modified analogues of 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid (DANA) and tested them against the full panel of hNEU isoenzymes (NEU1, NEU2, NEU3, NEU4). We identified inhibitors with up to 38-fold selectivity for NEU3 and 12-fold selectivity for NEU2 over all other isoenzymes. We also identified compounds that targeted NEU2 and NEU3 with similar potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Alberta Glycomics Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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