1
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Yamashita Y, Fushimi S, Banik T, Kimura T, Kobayashi S. Development of Catalytic Enantioselective Mannich Reactions Using Esters. Org Lett 2024; 26:1579-1583. [PMID: 38373207 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Catalytic enantioselective Mannich reactions of simple nonactivated esters proceeded using a chiral potassium strong base catalyst prepared from a chiral bisoxazoline and potassium hexamethyldisilazide. Alkyl acetates, alkyl propionates, and an alkyl butyrate were employed as the simple esters, and the desired reactions proceeded smoothly to afford Mannich products in good to high yields with high enantioselectivities. One of the products was successfully employed in the asymmetric total synthesis of Maraviroc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan, 113-0033
| | - Seiya Fushimi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan, 113-0033
| | - Trisha Banik
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan, 113-0033
| | - Tomoya Kimura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan, 113-0033
| | - Shu Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan, 113-0033
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2
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Shimizu Y, Kanai M. Boron-Catalyzed α-Functionalizations of Carboxylic Acids. CHEM REC 2023:e202200273. [PMID: 36639245 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic, chemoselective, and asymmetric α-functionalizations of carboxylic acids promise up-grading simple feedstock materials to value-added functional molecules, as well as late-stage structural diversifications of multifunctional molecules, such as drugs and their leads. In this personal account, we describe boron-catalyzed α-functionalizations of carboxylic acids developed in our group (five reaction types). The reversible boron carboxylate formation is key to the acidification of the α-protons and enolization using mild organic bases, allowing for chemoselective and asymmetric bond formations of carboxylic acids. The ligand effects on reactivity and stereoselectivity, substrate scopes, and mechanistic insights are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Hokkaido University, Kita 10 Nishi 8, 060-0810, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.,Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Kita 10 Nishi 8, 001-0021, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Motomu Kanai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Xiang Y, Du R, Wang S, Wu X, Tang J, Yang F, Xing D. KOtBu-catalysed α-homoallylic alkylation of acyclic amides with 1-aryl-1,3-dienes. Mol Divers 2022:10.1007/s11030-022-10503-8. [PMID: 36001226 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10503-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a KOtBu-catalysed α-homoallylic alkylation of acyclic amides with 1-aryl-1,3-dienes. With this transition metal-free and atom-economic protocol, a series of α-homoallylic alkylated acyclic amides were synthesized in good to excellent yields. This transformation is proposed to proceed through a cation-π interaction-based C-C bond formation from the in situ-generated potassium enolate with the diene unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Xiang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Ruisheng Du
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Shang Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Dong Xing
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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4
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Yamashita Y. Development of chiral potassium strong Brønsted base catalysts for enantioselective carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1078-1088. [PMID: 34989721 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06328f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chiral alkaline metal Brønsted bases are traditional and reliable promoters in enantioselective catalysis. Here, new chiral potassium strong base catalysts were developed for enantioselective carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions of weakly acidic carbon pronucleophiles. Chiral potassium amide or alkyl potassium catalyzed enantioselective addition reactions to imines or α,β-unsaturated amides with good to high enantioselectivities. The good potential of chiral potassium Brønsted bases to act as proton transfer catalysts has been shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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5
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Wasa M, Yesilcimen A. Enantioselective Cooperative Catalysis within Frustrated Lewis Pair Complexes. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2021. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.79.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Wasa
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College
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6
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Sai M, Kurouchi H. Potassium Base‐Catalyzed Michael Additions of Allylic Alcohols to α,β‐Unsaturated Amides: Scope and Mechanistic Insights. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Sai
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science Faculty of Engineering Gifu University 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1193 Japan
- Research Foundation ITSUU Laboratory C1232 Kanagawa Science Park R & D Building 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa 213-0012 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kurouchi
- Research Foundation ITSUU Laboratory C1232 Kanagawa Science Park R & D Building 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku Kawasaki Kanagawa 213-0012 Japan
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7
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Yamashita Y, Noguchi A, Fushimi S, Hatanaka M, Kobayashi S. Chiral Metal Salts as Ligands for Catalytic Asymmetric Mannich Reactions with Simple Amides. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5598-5604. [PMID: 33821631 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c13317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic asymmetric Mannich reactions of imines with weakly acidic simple amides were developed using a chiral potassium hexamethyldisilazide (KHMDS)-bis(oxazoline) potassium salt (K-Box) catalyst system. The desired reactions proceeded to afford the target compounds in high yields with high diastereo- and enantioselectivities. It was suggested that a K enolate interacted with K-Box to form a chiral K enolate that reacted with imines efficiently. In this system, K-Box (potassium salt of Box) worked as a chiral ligand of the active potassium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Aika Noguchi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Seiya Fushimi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Miho Hatanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shu Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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8
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Kondoh A, Terada M. Development of Molecular Transformations on the Basis of Catalytic Generation of Anionic Species by Organosuperbase. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Azusa Kondoh
- Research and Analytical Center for Giant Molecules, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Masahiro Terada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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9
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Luo YL, Du HZ, Guan BT. Alkali-amide-catalyzed divergent sp 2 and sp 3 C–H bonds alkylation of alkylthiophenes with alkenes. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00627d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Divergent sp2 and sp3 C–H bonds alkylation of alkylthiophenes was achieved selectively with LDA and KHMDS catalysts, providing not only atom-economical synthesis approaches but also some insights in the different behaviours of the alkali amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Long Luo
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Hui-Zhen Du
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Bing-Tao Guan
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200438
- China
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10
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Kondoh A, Ma C, Terada M. Synthesis of diarylalkanes through an intramolecular/intermolecular addition sequence by auto-tandem catalysis with strong Brønsted base. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:10894-10897. [PMID: 32940279 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04512h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An auto-tandem catalysis with a strong Brønsted base enabled the synthesis of diarylalkanes containing a benzofuran moiety. Potassium tert-butoxide efficiently catalyzed both the intramolecular cyclization of less acidic ortho-alkynylaryl benzyl ethers and the following intermolecular addition of diarylmethanes to styrenes, demonstrating the high potential of the catalysis in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azusa Kondoh
- Research and Analytical Center for Giant Molecules, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Chaoyan Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Terada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
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11
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Yamashita Y, Kobayashi S. New Dimensions of Brønsted Base Catalyzed Carbon–Carbon Bond-Forming Reactions. Synlett 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic carbon–carbon bond-forming reactions of weakly acidic carbon pronucleophiles (pK
a in DMSO ≥30) were developed using strong alkaline metal Brønsted bases as catalysts. Not only weakly acidic amides, esters, nitriles, sulfonamides without any activating group, and alkyl azaarenes, but also alkyl arenes such as toluene, were applicable for the reactions, which are difficult to be applied in typical Brønsted base catalyzed reactions. Expansion to enantioselective reactions was also revealed to be possible. The reactions are atom economical and require only inexpensive alkaline metals rather than precious transition metals.1 Introduction2 Catalytic Direct-Type Addition Reactions of Weakly Acidic Carbonyl and Related Pronucleophiles3 Catalytic Direct-Type Addition Reactions of Alkyl Azaarenes4 Catalytic Direct-Type Addition Reactions of Alkyl Arenes5 Conclusion
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12
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Luo ZB, Wang YW, Peng Y. Base-promoted addition of DMA with 1,1-diarylethylenes: application to a total synthesis of (-)-sacidumlignan B. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:2054-2057. [PMID: 32150204 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00376j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A base-promoted addition of DMA (N,N-dimethylacetamide) to 1,1-diarylethylenes has been developed, and it provides a new strategy for the synthesis of N,N-dimethyl-4,4-diarylbutanamides from 1,1-diarylethylenes at room temperature. This method allows us to achieve the goal of synthesizing (-)-sacidumlignan B, and provides simple operation and broad substrate scope by avoiding the use of transition metal catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Biao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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13
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Luo YL, Liu YF, Guan BT. Alkyl lithium-catalyzed benzylic C–H bond addition of alkyl pyridines to α-alkenes. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:6622-6626. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01499k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The alkyl lithium catalyst successfully achieved the benzylic C–H bond addition of alkyl pyridines to α-alkenes, and displayed distinct selectivity from those of transition metal catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Long Luo
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Element-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 30071
- China
| | - Yu-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Element-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 30071
- China
| | - Bing-Tao Guan
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200438
- China
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14
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Zhang XY, Du HZ, Zhai DD, Guan BT. Combined KH/alkaline-earth metal amide catalysts for hydrogenation of alkenes. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00383b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Breaking saline KH: The combined KH/alkaline-earth metal amide catalysts display much better catalytic activity than their components in the hydrogenation of alkenes, suggesting the degradation and activation of saline KH with the metal amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Hui-Zhen Du
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhai
- Department of chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200438
- China
| | - Bing-Tao Guan
- Department of chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200438
- China
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15
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Borah P, Yamashita Y, Kobayashi S. Solid Superbase‐Catalyzed Stereoselective 1,4‐Addition Reactions of Simple Amides in Batch and Continuous‐Flow Systems. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parijat Borah
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
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16
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Liu YF, Zheng L, Zhai DD, Zhang XY, Guan BT. Dimeric Potassium Amide-Catalyzed α-Alkylation of Benzyl Sulfides and 1,3-Dithianes. Org Lett 2019; 21:5351-5356. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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17
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Zhang XY, Zheng L, Guan BT. Lithium Diisopropylamide Catalyzed Allylic C-H Bond Alkylation with Styrenes. Org Lett 2018; 20:7177-7181. [PMID: 30387607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Allylic substitution reactions, a well-established approach for new bond construction, often need transition-metal catalysts and stoichiometric amounts of organometallic reagents, strong bases, or oxidants. Lithium diisopropylamide (LDA), a widely used and commercially available Brønsted base, is herein reported to catalyze the allylic C-H bond addition of 1,3-diarylpropenes to styrenes. Preliminary mechanism studies have provided a solid structure of the π-allyllithium intermediate and revealed the unique catalytic roles of LDA and its conjugate acid diisopropylamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Lei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Bing-Tao Guan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
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18
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Liu Y, Zhai D, Zhang X, Guan B. Potassium‐Zincate‐Catalyzed Benzylic C−H Bond Addition of Diarylmethanes to Styrenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201713165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Dan‐Dan Zhai
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiang‐Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Bing‐Tao Guan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringNankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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19
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Yamashita Y, Suzuki H, Sato I, Hirata T, Kobayashi S. Catalytic Direct-Type Addition Reactions of Alkylarenes with Imines and Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6896-6900. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Io Sato
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Tsubasa Hirata
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
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20
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Yamashita Y, Suzuki H, Sato I, Hirata T, Kobayashi S. Catalytic Direct-Type Addition Reactions of Alkylarenes with Imines and Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Io Sato
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Tsubasa Hirata
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
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21
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Yamashita Y, Minami K, Kobayashi S. Catalytic Addition Reactions of Alkylazaarenes to Vinylsilanes. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kodai Minami
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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22
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Liu YF, Zhai DD, Zhang XY, Guan BT. Potassium-Zincate-Catalyzed Benzylic C-H Bond Addition of Diarylmethanes to Styrenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:8245-8249. [PMID: 29394001 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201713165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Direct functionalization of the benzylic C-H bond of diarylmethanes is an important strategy for the synthesis of diarylmethine-containing compounds. However, the methods developed to date for this purpose require a stoichiometric amount (usually more) of either a strong base or an oxidant. Reported here is the first catalytic benzylic C-H bond addition of diarylmethanes to styrenes and conjugated dienes. A potassium zincate complex, generated from potassium benzyl and zinc amide, acts as a catalyst and displays good activity and chemoselectivity. Considering the atom economy of the reaction and the ready availability of the catalyst, this reaction constitutes a practical, efficient method for diarylalkane synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhai
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Bing-Tao Guan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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23
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Zhai DD, Zhang XY, Liu YF, Zheng L, Guan BT. Potassium Amide-Catalyzed Benzylic C−H Bond Addition of Alkylpyridines to Styrenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zhai
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yu-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Lei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Bing-Tao Guan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
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24
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Zhai DD, Zhang XY, Liu YF, Zheng L, Guan BT. Potassium Amide-Catalyzed Benzylic C−H Bond Addition of Alkylpyridines to Styrenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1650-1653. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zhai
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yu-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Lei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Bing-Tao Guan
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
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25
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Yamashita Y, Igarashi R, Suzuki H, Kobayashi S. Catalytic alkylation reactions of weakly acidic carbonyl and related compounds using alkenes as electrophiles. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:5969-5972. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00941d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic alkylation reactions of weakly acidic carbonyl and related pronucleophiles such as amides, esters, and sulfonamides with substituted alkenes have been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Ryo Igarashi
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
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26
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Kondoh A, Terada M. Novel Transformations Utilizing [1,2]-Phospha-Brook Rearrangement Under Brønsted Base Catalysis. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2018. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.76.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Azusa Kondoh
- Research and Analytical Center for Giant Molecules, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University
| | - Masahiro Terada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University
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27
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Yamashita Y, Kobayashi S. Catalytic Carbon-Carbon Bond-Forming Reactions of Weakly Acidic Carbon Pronucleophiles Using Strong Brønsted Bases as Catalysts. Chemistry 2017; 24:10-17. [PMID: 28833781 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions of weakly acidic carbon pronucleophiles with N-aryl imines, α,β-unsaturated amides, and others under proton-transfer conditions were developed by designing strongly basic reaction intermediates known as product bases. The reactions proceed smoothly in the presence of a catalytic amount of strong base such as KH or alkaline metal amides. Modification of the metal cations by using chiral macrocyclic crown ethers allowed catalytic asymmetric 1,4-addition reactions to proceed with high enantioselectivities. This concept can be applied to Brønsted-base-catalyzed reactions of a wide range of weakly acidic carbon pronucleophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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28
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Kondoh A, Ozawa R, Aoki T, Terada M. Intramolecular addition of benzyl anion to alkyne utilizing [1,2]-phospha-Brook rearrangement under Brønsted base catalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:7277-7281. [PMID: 28849855 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02059g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel reaction system for intramolecular addition of benzyl anions to alkynes was developed by utilizing the [1,2]-phospha-Brook rearrangement under Brønsted base catalysis. The present reaction is a rare example of a catalytic addition reaction of an unstabilized benzyl anion under Brønsted base catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azusa Kondoh
- Research and Analytical Center for Giant Molecules, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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29
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A facile synthesis of stable β-amino- N -/ O -hemiacetals through a catalyst-free three-component Mannich-type reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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30
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Suzuki H, Igarashi R, Yamashita Y, Kobayashi S. Catalytic Direct-type 1,4-Addition Reactions of Alkylazaarenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:4520-4524. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Ryo Igarashi
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
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31
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Suzuki H, Igarashi R, Yamashita Y, Kobayashi S. Catalytic Direct-type 1,4-Addition Reactions of Alkylazaarenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Ryo Igarashi
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
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32
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Yamashita Y, Yoshimoto S, Dutton MJ, Kobayashi S. Development of chiral metal amides as highly reactive catalysts for asymmetric [3 + 2] cycloadditions. Beilstein J Org Chem 2016; 12:1447-52. [PMID: 27559396 PMCID: PMC4979734 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly efficient catalytic asymmetric [3 + 2] cycloadditions using a chiral copper amide are reported. Compared with the chiral CuOTf/Et3N system, the CuHMDS system showed higher reactivity, and the desired reactions proceeded in high yields and high selectivities with catalyst loadings as low as 0.01 mol %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Yoshimoto
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mark J Dutton
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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33
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Kumagai N, Shibasaki M. Nucleophilic and Electrophilic Activation of Non‐Heteroaromatic Amides in Atom‐Economical Asymmetric Catalysis. Chemistry 2016; 22:15192-15200. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kumagai
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (Bikaken), Tokyo 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
| | - Masakatsu Shibasaki
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (Bikaken), Tokyo 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
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34
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Sato I, Suzuki H, Yamashita Y, Kobayashi S. Catalytic asymmetric direct-type 1,4-addition reactions of simple esters. Org Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00242k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic asymmetric 1,4-addition reactions of simple esters have been developed. The desired reactions proceeded smoothly with high enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Io Sato
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo
- Japan
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35
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Kondoh A, Terada M. Brønsted base-catalyzed three-component coupling reaction of α-ketoesters, imines, and diethyl phosphite utilizing [1,2]-phospha-Brook rearrangement. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:4704-11. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00739b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A three-component coupling reaction of α-ketoesters, imines, and diethyl phosphite under Brønsted base catalysis was developed by utilizing the [1,2]-phospha-Brook rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azusa Kondoh
- Research and Analytical Center for Giant Molecules
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Masahiro Terada
- Research and Analytical Center for Giant Molecules
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
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36
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Majumdar N, Saito A, Yin L, Kumagai N, Shibasaki M. Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Saturated and Unsaturated Thioamides. Org Lett 2015; 17:3362-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjana Majumdar
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
| | - Akira Saito
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
| | - Liang Yin
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
| | - Naoya Kumagai
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Shibasaki
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
- JST, ACT-C, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
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37
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Yamashita Y, Sato I, Suzuki H, Kobayashi S. Catalytic Asymmetric 1,4-Addition Reactions of Simple Alkylnitriles. Chem Asian J 2015; 10:2143-6. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Io Sato
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan
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38
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Suzuki H, Sato I, Yamashita Y, Kobayashi S. Catalytic Asymmetric Direct-Type 1,4-Addition Reactions of Simple Amides. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:4336-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b01943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Io Sato
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shu̅ Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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39
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Honey MA, Yamashita Y, Kobayashi S. A cooperative water effect in proazaphosphatrane-catalysed heterocycle synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:3288-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49808e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Water activated isocyanide is deprotonated by the organosuperbase proazaphosphatrane; no deprotonation of water could be observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Honey
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- The University of Tokyo
- Bunkyo-ku, Japan
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40
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Masuda K, Nakano J, Yamashita Y, Kobayashi S. Organosuperbase-catalyzed Direct-type Michael Addition Reactions of Sulfonylimidates as Ester Surrogates. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201300014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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41
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Nakano J, Masuda K, Yamashita Y, Kobayashi S. Highly Efficient Organosuperbase-Catalyzed Mannich-type Reactions of Sulfonylimidates with Imines: Successful Use of Aliphatic Imines as Substrates and a Unique Reaction Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201204572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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42
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Nakano J, Masuda K, Yamashita Y, Kobayashi S. Highly efficient organosuperbase-catalyzed Mannich-type reactions of sulfonylimidates with imines: successful use of aliphatic imines as substrates and a unique reaction mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:9525-9. [PMID: 22930582 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201204572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junya Nakano
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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