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Meng Y, Wu L, Zhao J, Shuang S, Dong C, Nie J. Facile synthesis of long-wavelength emission carbon dots for hypochlorite sensing and intracellular pH imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 322:124767. [PMID: 39013304 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Hypochlorite (ClO-), a typical reactive oxygen species, plays an irreplaceable roles in various biological processes. In this work, long-wavelength emission carbon dots (LW-CDs) were fabricated through one-step hydrothermal method by using l-cysteine (cys) and neutral red (NR) as precursors for monitoring of hypochlorite and intracellular pH. Characterizations of as-prepared LW-CDs showed that they had excellent water solubility, high optical stability and sensitive response behavior. Fluorescence intensity of LW-CDs decayed in the presence of ClO- linearly from 10 to 162.5 μM (LOD = 1.021 μM) based on static quenching effect with ideal selectivity. Besides, LW-CDs revealed a pH responsive behavior in the pH range of 2.0 to 10.0, exhibited dual good linear relationships in the pH ranges of 4.2-5.8 and 5.8-7.4. The LW-CDs can also be utilized as imaging reagents in Hela living cells owing excellent biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity. These results demonstrated that the as-mentioned LW-CDs are expected to serve as excellent long wavelength emitting nanomaterials for fluorescence sensing and monitoring of cell fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Meng
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impairment and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Linzhu Wu
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impairment and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Junxiu Zhao
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impairment and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Jisheng Nie
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impairment and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 China.
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2
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Dhiman R, Kumar J, Singh M. Fluorescent carbon dots for sensing applications: a review. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:1387-1396. [PMID: 38981955 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-024-00609-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Luminescent carbon dots (CDs) are important class of nanomaterials with fantastic photoluminescence (PL) properties, great biocompatibility, extraordinary solubility in water, minimal expense, and so on. There are many methods for their preparation and they are mainly classed into two groups, top-down and bottom-up approaches. In order to understand the origin of fluorescence in quantum CDs, three mechanisms have been proposed namely molecular state, surface state, and quantum confinement phenomenon. Fluorescent CDs have significant application in the fields of biochemical sensing, photocatalysis, bioimaging, delivery of drugs, and other related fields. In this review article the application of quantum dots as detecting component, for the sensing of different targets, has been summed up. In fact, the detection of several analytes including, anions, cations, small molecules, polymers, cells, and microscopic organisms has been discoursed. Moreover, the future aspects of CDs as detecting resources have been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachna Dhiman
- Department of Chemistry, University Institute of Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Jagdeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University Institute of Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India.
| | - Mallika Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University Institute of Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
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3
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Mohammadnejad M, Alekasir R. Sensitive and rapid determination of tetracycline antibiotic by carrot juice-derived carbon dots as a fluorescent probe. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4828. [PMID: 39004779 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The antibiotic tetracycline can be efficiently used as medicine for the deterrence of bacterial infections in humans, animals, and plants. However, the unprecedented use of tetracycline is of great concern owing to its low biodegradability, extensive usage, and adverse impacts on the environment and water quality. In this study, a sensitive spectrofluorometric method was proposed for the direct determination of tetracycline, based on biocompatible fluorescent carbon dots (CDs). The synthesis of CDs was performed by adopting a green hydrothermal procedure from carrot juice without requiring surface passivation or outflowing any environmentally hazardous waste. X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy revealed amorphous spherical-shaped CDs that exhibited blue emission under blue illumination. The fabricated fluorescent probe directly detected tetracycline in the concentration range of 4.00 × 10-6 to 1.55 × 10-5 mol L-1 with an LOD of 1.33 × 10-6 mol L-1. The performance of the probe was assessed in a tap water sample, with recovery values between 80.70 and 103.60%. The method's greenness was evaluated using the Analytical Green metric approach (AGREE) and confirmed to be within the green range. The developed method is facile, rapid, cost-effective, and offers a wide linear range and satisfactory selectivity, making it potentially suitable for determining tetracycline in water applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Mohammadnejad
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Robab Alekasir
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Tang K, Chen Y, Zhou Q, Wang X, Wang R, Zhang Z. Portable tri-color ratiometric fluorescence paper sensor for intelligent visual detection of dual-antibiotics and aluminium ion. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 314:124221. [PMID: 38569390 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The toxicological effect between co-existed antibiotics and metal ions was dangerous to the ecological environment and public health. However, the rapid quantification tools with convenience, accuracy and low cost for the detection of multiple targets were still challenging. Herein, a portable tri-color ratiometric fluorescence paper sensor was constructed by coupling of blue carbon dots and fluorescence imprinted polymer for down/up conversion simultaneous detection of tetracycline and sulfamethazine. Interestingly, the cascade detection of aluminum ion was also realized based on the individual detection system of tetracycline without the assistance of complex coupling reagents. The detection limits of smartphone method for the visual detection of tetracycline, sulfamethazine and aluminum ion were calculated as 0.014 μM, 0.004 μM and 0.019 μM, respectively. The portable fluorescence paper sensor was applied for the visual detection of tetracycline, sulfamethazine and aluminum ion in actual samples successfully with satisfactory recoveries. With the advantages of rapidness, low cost, and portability, the developed portable fluorescence paper sensor provided a new strategy for the visual real-time detection of multiple targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangling Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Hunan 416000, PR China; College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, PR China
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Hunan 416000, PR China; College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, PR China
| | - Qin Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Hunan 416000, PR China; College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, PR China
| | - Xiangni Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Hunan 416000, PR China; College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, PR China
| | - Ruoyan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Hunan 416000, PR China; College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, PR China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Hunan 416000, PR China; College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, PR China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Chemistry and Pharmacology in Wuling Mountainous of Hunan Province College, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, PR China.
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5
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Ayisha Naziba T, Praveen Kumar D, Karthikeyan S, Sriramajayam S, Djanaguiraman M, Sundaram S, Ghamari M, Prasada Rao R, Ramakrishna S, Ramesh D. Biomass Derived Biofluorescent Carbon Dots for Energy Applications: Current Progress and Prospects. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202400030. [PMID: 38837295 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Biomass resources are often disposed of inefficiently and it causes environmental degradation. These wastes can be turned into bio-products using effective conversion techniques. The synthesis of high-value bio-products from biomass adheres to the principles of a sustainable circular economy in a variety of industries, including agriculture. Recently, fluorescent carbon dots (C-dots) derived from biowastes have emerged as a breakthrough in the field, showcasing outstanding fluorescence properties and biocompatibility. The C-dots exhibit unique quantum confinement properties due to their small size, contributing to their exceptional fluorescence. The significance of their fluorescent properties lies in their versatile applications, particularly in bio-imaging and energy devices. Their rapid and straight-forward production using green/chemical precursors has further accelerated their adoption in diverse applications. The use of green precursors for C-dot not only addresses the biomass disposal issue through a scientific approach, but also establishes a path for a circular economy. This approach not only minimizes biowaste, which also harnesses the potential of fluorescent C-dots to contribute to sustainable practices in agriculture. This review explores recent developments and challenges in synthesizing high-quality C-dots from agro-residues, shedding light on their crucial role in advancing technologies for a cleaner and more sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ayisha Naziba
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Centre for Post-Harvest Technology, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Praveen Kumar
- Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathya Mangalam, 638 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Karthikeyan
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Centre for Post-Harvest Technology, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Sriramajayam
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Killikulam, 628 252., Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Djanaguiraman
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Centre for Post-Harvest Technology, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Senthilarasu Sundaram
- School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University Tees Valley, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, UK
| | - Mehrdad Ghamari
- School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University Tees Valley, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, UK
| | - R Prasada Rao
- Center for Nanotechnology & Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering, Drive 1, 117576, Singapore
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanotechnology & Sustainability, Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering, Drive 1, 117576, Singapore
| | - D Ramesh
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Centre for Post-Harvest Technology, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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6
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Singh P, Bhankar V, Kumar S, Kumar K. Biomass-derived carbon dots as significant biological tools in the medicinal field: A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 328:103182. [PMID: 38759449 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Early disease detection is crucial since it raises the likelihood of treatment and considerably lowers the cost of therapy. Therefore, the improvement of human life and health depends on the development of quick, efficient, and credible biosensing methods. For improving the quality of biosensors, distinct nanostructures have been investigated; among these, carbon dots have gained much interest because of their great performance. Carbon dots, the essential component of fluorescence nanoparticles, having outstanding chemical characteristics, superb biocompatibility, chemical inertness, low toxicity and potential optical characteristics have attracted the researchers from every corner of the globe. Several carbon dots applications have been thoroughly investigated in recent decade, from optoelectronics to biomedical investigations. This review study primarily emphasizes the recent advancements in the field of biomass-derived carbon dots-based drug delivery, gene delivery and bioimaging, and highlights achievements in two major areas: in vivo applications that involve carbon dots absorption in zebrafish and mice, tumour therapeutics, and imaging-guided drug delivery. Additionally, the possible advantages, difficulties, and future possibilities of using carbon dots for biological applications are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Permender Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonepat 131039, Haryana, India
| | - Vinita Bhankar
- Department of Biochemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India.
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad 121006, Haryana, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonepat 131039, Haryana, India.
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7
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Wei X, Wang X, Fu Y, Zhang X, Yan F. Emerging trends in CDs@hydrogels composites: from materials to applications. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:355. [PMID: 38809308 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06411-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are nanoscale carbon materials with unique optical properties and biocompatibility. Their applications are limited by their tendency to aggregate or oxidize in aqueous environments. Turning weakness to strengths, CDs can be incorporated with hydrogels, which are three-dimensional networks of crosslinked polymers that can retain large amounts of water. Hydrogels can provide a stable and tunable matrix for CDs, enhancing their fluorescence, stability, and functionality. CDs@hydrogels, known for their ease of synthesis, strong binding capabilities, and rich surface functional groups, have emerged as promising composite materials. In this review, recent advances in the synthesis and characterization of CDs@hydrogels, composite materials composed of CDs and various types of natural or synthetic hydrogels, are summarized. The potential applications of CDs@hydrogels in fluorescence sensing, adsorption, drug delivery, antibacterial activity, flexible electronics, and energy storage are also highlighted. The current challenges and future prospects of CDs@hydrogels systems for the novel functional materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China
- School of Textiles Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
- Hebei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Membranes, Cangzhou Institute of Tiangong University, Cangzhou, 061000, China
| | - Xueyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Yang Fu
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Fanyong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
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8
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Ullal N, Mehta R, Sunil D. Separation and purification of fluorescent carbon dots - an unmet challenge. Analyst 2024; 149:1680-1700. [PMID: 38407365 DOI: 10.1039/d3an02134c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Literature reports demonstrate versatile optical applications of fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) in biological imaging, full-color solid-state lighting, optoelectronics, sensing, anticounterfeiting and so on. The fluorescence associated with CDs may originate significantly from byproducts generated during their synthesis, which need to be eliminated to achieve error-free results. The significance of purification, specifically for luminescence-based characterizations, is highly critical and imperative. Thus, there is a pressing demand to implement consistent and adequate purification strategies to reduce sample complexity and thereby realize reliable results that can provide a tactical steppingstone towards the advancement of CDs as next-generation optical materials. The article focuses on the mechanism of origin of fluorescence from CDs and further demonstrates the different purification approaches including dialysis, centrifugation, filtration, solvent extraction, chromatography, and electrophoresis that have been adopted by various researchers. Furthermore, the fundamental separation mechanism, as well as the advantages and limitations of each of these purification techniques are discussed. The article finally provides the critical challenges of these purification techniques that need to be overcome to obtain homogeneous CD fractions that demonstrate coherent and reliable optical features for suitable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namratha Ullal
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Riya Mehta
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Dhanya Sunil
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India.
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Han C, Yang H, Fan Y, Wang Z, Li P, Jiang J, Huang M, Xu J, Chen J, Chen L. Opposite regulation effects of Al 3+ on different types of carbon quantum dots and potential applications in information encryption. RSC Adv 2024; 14:1944-1951. [PMID: 38192313 PMCID: PMC10772954 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07801a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulating the photoluminescence (PL) of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) through ion modification is a well-established and effective approach. Herein, we report the opposite regulation effects of Al3+ ions on the PL properties of two distinct types of CQDs (graphene quantum dots, GQDs, and nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots of 2,3-diaminophenazine, DAP), and elucidate the underlying mechanism of the binding of Al3+ ions to different PL sites on CQDs by employing ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. Specifically, Al3+ ions are primarily situated around the oxygen-containing groups, which do not impact the π-π regions of GQDs. However, Al3+ ions are preferentially adsorbed on the top of pyridine nitrogen in the phenazine rings of DAP, thus reducing the PL regions of DAP. Based on the opposite PL effects of Al3+ on GQDs and DAP, we explore potential applications of information encryption and successfully realize multi-level information encryption and decryption, which may provide new strategies for CQDs in information security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changdao Han
- Department of Optical Engineering, College of Optical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou 311300 China
| | - Huan Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 China
| | - Yan Fan
- Department of Optical Engineering, College of Optical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou 311300 China
| | - Zhikun Wang
- Department of Optical Engineering, College of Optical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou 311300 China
| | - Pei Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 China
| | - Mohan Huang
- Department of Optical Engineering, College of Optical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou 311300 China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Optical Engineering, College of Optical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou 311300 China
| | - Junlang Chen
- Department of Optical Engineering, College of Optical, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou 311300 China
| | - Liang Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 China
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Singh P, Arpita, Kumar S, Kumar P, Kataria N, Bhankar V, Kumar K, Kumar R, Hsieh CT, Khoo KS. Assessment of biomass-derived carbon dots as highly sensitive and selective templates for the sensing of hazardous ions. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:16241-16267. [PMID: 37439261 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01966g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Access to safe drinking water and a hygienic living environment are the basic necessities that encourage healthy living. However, the presence of various pollutants (especially toxic heavy metal ions) at high concentrations in water renders water unfit for drinking and domestic use. The presence of high concentrations of heavy-metal ions (e.g., Pb2+, Hg2+, Cr6+, Cd2+, or Cu2+) greater than their permissible limits adversely affects human health, and increases the risk of cancer of the kidneys, liver, skin, and central nervous system. Therefore, their detection in water is crucial. Due to the various benefits of "green"-synthesized carbon-dots (C-dots) over other materials, these materials are potential candidates for sensing of toxic heavy-metal ions in water sources. C-dots are very small carbon-based nanomaterials that show chemical stability, magnificent biocompatibility, excitation wavelength-dependent photoluminescence (PL), water solubility, simple preparation strategies, photoinduced electron transfer, and the opportunity for functionalization. A new family of C-dots called "carbon quantum dots" (CQDs) are fluorescent zero-dimensional carbon nanoparticles of size < 10 nm. The green synthesis of C-dots has numerous advantages over conventional chemical routes, such as utilization of inexpensive and non-poisonous materials, straightforward operations, rapid reactions, and renewable precursors. Natural sources, such as biomass and biomass wastes, are broadly accepted as green precursors for fabricating C-dots because these sources are economical, ecological, and readily/extensively accessible. Two main methods are available for C-dots production: top-down and bottom-up. Herein, this review article discusses the recent advancements in the green fabrication of C-dots: photostability; surface structure and functionalization; potential applications for the sensing of hazardous anions and toxic heavy-metal ions; binding of toxic ions with C-dots; probable mechanistic routes of PL-based sensing of toxic heavy-metal ions. The green production of C-dots and their promising applications in the sensing of hazardous ions discussed herein provides deep insights into the safety of human health and the environment. Nonetheless, this review article provides a resource for the conversion of low-value biomass and biomass waste into valuable materials (i.e., C-dots) for promising sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Permender Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonipat-131039, Haryana, India.
| | - Arpita
- J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad-121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad-121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Parmod Kumar
- J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad-121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Navish Kataria
- J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad-121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Vinita Bhankar
- Department of Biochemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119, Haryana, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonipat-131039, Haryana, India.
| | - Ravi Kumar
- J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Faridabad-121006, Haryana, India.
| | - Chien-Te Hsieh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam-603103, Tamil Nadu, India
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11
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Zhang J, Zou L, Li Q, Wu H, Sun Z, Xu X, Shi L, Sun Z, Ma G. Carbon Dots Derived from Traditional Chinese Medicines with Bioactivities: A Rising Star in Clinical Treatment. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:3984-4001. [PMID: 37707491 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
In the field of carbon nanomaterials, carbon dots (CDs) have become a preferable choice in biomedical applications. Based on the concept of green chemistry, CDs derived from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have attracted extensive attention, including TCM charcoal drugs, TCM extracts, and TCM small molecules. The design and preparation of CDs from TCMs (TCMs-CDs) can improve the inherent characteristics of TCMs, such as solubility, particle size distribution, and so on. Compared with other precursor materials, TCMs-CDs have outstanding intrinsic bioactivities and potential pharmacological effects. However, the research of TCMs-CDs in biomedicine is not comprehensive, and their mechanisms have not been understood deeply either. In this review, we will provide concise insights into the recent development of TCMs-CDs, with a major focus on their preparation, formation, precursors, and bioactivities. Then we will discuss the perfect transformation from TCMs to TCMs-CDs. Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges for the application of TCMs-CDs in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Linjun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qinglong Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haifeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhonghao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xudong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Leiling Shi
- Xinjiang Institute of Chinese and Ethnic Medicine, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Zhaocui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guoxu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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12
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Guirguis A, Yang W, Conlan XA, Kong L, Cahill DM, Wang Y. Boosting Plant Photosynthesis with Carbon Dots: A Critical Review of Performance and Prospects. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300671. [PMID: 37381636 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Artificially augmented photosynthesis in nano-bionic plants requires tunable nano-antenna structures with physiochemical and optoelectronic properties, as well as unique light conversion capabilities. The use of nanomaterials to promote light capture across photosystems, primarily by carbon dots, has shown promising results in enhancing photosynthesis through tunable uptake, translocation, and biocompatibility. Carbon dots possess the ability to perform both down and up-light conversions, making them effective light promoters for harnessing solar energy beyond visible light wavelengths.This review presents and discusses the recent progress in fabrication, chemistry, and morphology, as well as other properties such as photoluminescence and energy conversion efficiency of nano-antennas based on carbon dots. The performance of artificially boosted photosynthesis is discussed and then correlated with the conversion properties of carbon dots and how they are applied to plant models. The challenges related to the nanomaterial delivery and the performance evaluation practices in modified photosystems, consideration of the reliability of this approach, and the potential avenues for performance improvements through other types of nano-antennas based on alternative nanomaterials are also critically evaluated. It is anticipated that this review will stimulate more high-quality research in plant nano-bionics and provide avenues to enhance photosynthesis for future agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Guirguis
- School of Life & Environment Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Wenrong Yang
- School of Life & Environment Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Xavier A Conlan
- School of Life & Environment Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Lingxue Kong
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - David M Cahill
- School of Life & Environment Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Yichao Wang
- School of Life & Environment Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3216, Australia
- School of Engineering, Design and Built Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
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13
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Wang L, Weng S, Su S, Wang W. Progress on the luminescence mechanism and application of carbon quantum dots based on biomass synthesis. RSC Adv 2023; 13:19173-19194. [PMID: 37362342 PMCID: PMC10288538 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02519e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
With the continuous development of carbon-based materials, a variety of new materials have emerged one after another. Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) have succeeded in standing out from the crowd of new materials due to their better optical properties in biomedicine, ion detection, anti-counterfeiting materials and photocatalysis. In recent years, through the continuous exploration of CQDs, research scholars have found that the organic substances or heavy metals contained in traditional ones can cause irreversible harm to people and the environment. Therefore, the application of traditional CQDs in future studies will be gradually limited. Among various new materials, biomass raw materials have the merits of good biocompatibility, lower toxicity and green and environmental protection, which largely overcome the defects of traditional materials and have attracted many scholars to focus on the research and development of various biomass CQDs. This paper summarises the optical properties, fluorescence mechanisms, synthetic methods, functionalisation modulation of biomass CQDs and their relevant research progress in the fields of ion detection, bioimaging, biomedicine, biosensing, solar cells, anti-counterfeit materials, photocatalysis and capacitors. Finally, the paper concludes with some discussion of the challenges and prospects of this exciting and promising field of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, MinNan Science and Technology University Quanzhou 362332 China
| | - Shujia Weng
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, MinNan Science and Technology University Quanzhou 362332 China
| | - Shuai Su
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, MinNan Science and Technology University Quanzhou 362332 China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- School of Life Science and Chemistry, MinNan Science and Technology University Quanzhou 362332 China
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14
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Montazer M, Bagheri Pebdeni A, Sheikholeslami M, Dehghan Abkenar S, Firoozbakhtian A, Hosseini M, Dragoi EN. Synthesis of cuttlebone/ carbon quantum dots/nickel oxide nanocomposite for visible light photodegradation of malachite green used for environmental remediation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138880. [PMID: 37169087 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the development of light-driven nanophotocatalysts has focused on efficiently eliminating organic pollutants. In this regard, the present work focuses on the photocatalytic removal of malachite green (MG) dye using cuttlebone powder (CB) modified with carbon quantum dots (CQDs)/nickel oxide (NiO) under visible light irradiation. Various techniques were used to characterize the proposed composite, including X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images. The optical properties of the synthesized CB/CQDs/NiO were analyzed by UV-VIS visible spectroscopy. Using central composite design (CCD), several effective parameters, including pH, dye concentration, amount of photocatalyst, and temperature degradation efficiency, were optimized to achieve the optimal condition for photocatalytic activity of CB/CQDs/NiO. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood model was employed to model the kinetics of the degradation of the dye, the resulting K being 0.378 min-1. The as synthesized nanocomposites could be efficiently removed from water by applying an external magnetic field. The test results indicate that the prepared CB/CQDs/NiO nanocomposite demonstrates excellent stability after four reaction cycles. Furthermore, the nanocomposite shows excellent photocatalytic activity, reducing 99.7% MGdye concentration within 12 min of visible light exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Montazer
- Nanobiosenors Lab, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1439817435, Iran
| | - Azam Bagheri Pebdeni
- Nanobiosenors Lab, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1439817435, Iran
| | - Mahsa Sheikholeslami
- Nanobiosenors Lab, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1439817435, Iran
| | - Shiva Dehghan Abkenar
- Department of Chemistry, Savadkooh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Savadkooh, Iran.
| | - Ali Firoozbakhtian
- Nanobiosenors Lab, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1439817435, Iran
| | - Morteza Hosseini
- Nanobiosenors Lab, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1439817435, Iran; Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elena Niculina Dragoi
- "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University, Bld. D. Mangeron, No 73, 700050, Iasi, Romania.
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15
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Kaur I, Batra V, Kumar Reddy Bogireddy N, Torres Landa SD, Agarwal V. Detection of organic pollutants, food additives and antibiotics using sustainable carbon dots. Food Chem 2023; 406:135029. [PMID: 36463597 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The ecosystem across the globe has been adversely affected due to the adoption of unsustainable growth strategies. Overuse of organic pollutants such as dyes, pesticides, disinfectants, food additives and antibiotics, along with their release into the environment without proper treatment has severely affected the food chain and water bodies, hence ultimately the human race. As the organic contaminants, being non-biodegradable, persist in the environment for a long duration, a sustainable method for the detection of these harmful organic pollutants is essential. For food safety and restoration of ecological balance, simple, non-toxic, cost-effective and environmentally friendly green precursor derived carbon dots (CDs) are favorable as compared to inorganic nanoparticles (CdTe, CdS etc.) and chemically derived CDs. This review covers the summary of the studies devoted to the optical detection of organic pollutants, food additives and antibiotics through green precursor derived CDs, reported during the last few years. The upcoming studies of optical sensing systems with sustainable CDs provide powerful insight towards pollutant detection, as well as act as a future monitoring tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inderbir Kaur
- Department of Electronics, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi 110075, India
| | - Vandana Batra
- Department of Physics, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi 110075, India
| | | | - Simei Darinel Torres Landa
- Center for Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences (CIICAp-IICBA), Autonomous State University of Morelos (UAEM), Av. Univ. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, México
| | - Vivechana Agarwal
- Center for Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences (CIICAp-IICBA), Autonomous State University of Morelos (UAEM), Av. Univ. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, México.
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16
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Mohammadinejad A, Abnous K, Alinezhad Nameghi M, Yahyazadeh R, Hamrah S, Senobari F, Mohajeri SA. Application of green-synthesized carbon dots for imaging of cancerous cell lines and detection of anthraquinone drugs using silica-coated CdTe quantum dots-based ratiometric fluorescence sensor. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 288:122200. [PMID: 36481534 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy drugs of daunorubicin and doxorubicin treat cancers with many side effects. So, detection of them in the biological system for regulation and controlling of usage is essential. In this study, a ratiometric fluorescent method was introduced for detection of daunorubicin and doxorubicin using bell pepper-based carbon dots, as the variable signal, and silica-coated CdTe quantum dots, as the constant signal. The detection was done based on variations of carbon dots intensity in the presence of drugs in comparison with the constant intensity of silica-coated CdTe quantum dots. The proposed ratiometric fluorescent method was successfully used for detection of daunorubicin and doxorubicin range of 54.37-13594.34 nmolL-1 and 86.2-17242 nmolL-1, with a detection limit of 18.53 nmolL-1 and 29 nmolL-1, respectively. Also, this method was used for detection of drugs in serum samples with recovery ranges of 86.14-99.62 (RSD 3-1.47%) and 86.32-97.53 (3.38-1.48%), respectively. Finally, after evaluation of carbon dots toxicity by MTT test, carbon dots was applied for imaging of prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3) and breast cancer cell lines (MCF7). The results demonstrated that despite improvement of the repeatability and interferences reduction by ratiometric method, also carbon dots were successfully applied for imaging of cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Mohammadinejad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Morteza Alinezhad Nameghi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Yahyazadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Hamrah
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Senobari
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Mohajeri
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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17
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Amoozadeh P, Mohsen Sarrafi AH, Shirkavand Hadavand B, Niazi A, Konoz E. UV-curable hybrid hydrogels of carbon quantum dots: synthesis, characterizations and investigation of properties and rheological behavior. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2022.2089580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Amoozadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Ali Niazi
- Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Konoz
- Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Senanayake R, Yao X, Froehlich CE, Cahill MS, Sheldon TR, McIntire M, Haynes CL, Hernandez R. Machine Learning-Assisted Carbon Dot Synthesis: Prediction of Emission Color and Wavelength. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:5918-5928. [PMID: 36394850 PMCID: PMC9749762 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c01007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have attracted great attention in a range of applications due to their bright photoluminescence, high photostability, and good biocompatibility. However, it is challenging to design CDs with specific emission properties because the syntheses involve many parameters, and it is not clear how each parameter influences the CD properties. To help bridge this gap, machine learning, specifically an artificial neural network, is employed in this work to characterize the impact of synthesis parameters on and make predictions for the emission color and wavelength for CDs. The machine reveals that the choice of reaction method, purification method, and solvent relate more closely to CD emission characteristics than the reaction temperature or time, which are frequently tuned in experiments. After considering multiple models, the best performing machine learning classification model achieved an accuracy of 94% in predicting relative to actual color. In addition, hybrid (two-stage) models incorporating both color classification and an artificial neural network k-ensemble model for wavelength prediction through regression performed significantly better than either a standard artificial neural network or a single-stage artificial neural network k-ensemble regression model. The accuracy of the model predictions was evaluated against CD emission wavelengths measured from experiments, and the minimum mean average error is 25.8 nm. Overall, the models developed in this work can effectively predict the photoluminescence emission of CDs and help design CDs with targeted optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoxiao Yao
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota−Twin
Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Clarice E. Froehlich
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota−Twin
Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Meghan S. Cahill
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota−Twin
Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Trever R. Sheldon
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota−Twin
Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Mary McIntire
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota−Twin
Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christy L. Haynes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota−Twin
Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Rigoberto Hernandez
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
- Departments
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Materials Science and
Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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19
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Silva V, Invêncio I, Silva CP, Otero M, Lima DLD. Photodegradation of oxolinic acid in aquaculture effluents under solar irradiation: is it possible to enhance efficiency by the use of TiO 2/carbon quantum dots composites? CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136522. [PMID: 36150486 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics, such as oxolinic acid (OXA), in aquaculture effluents contribute to the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance, which makes it urgent to develop efficient and sustainable processes for their removal. Aiming a photocatalytic degradation under solar radiation, different carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were produced in this work through a bottom-up hydrothermal methodology and incorporated into TiO2 by a simple calcination method. A total of thirteen materials were synthesized and tested for OXA photocatalytic removal from synthetic and real matrices. Among them, CQDs produced with citric acid and incorporated into TiO2 at 4% (w/w) (TiO2/CQDs-CA 4% (w/w)) were the most efficient photocatalysts, providing an OXA half-life time (t1/2) decrease of 91%, 79% and 85% in phosphate buffer solution (PBS), synthetic sea salts (SSS) and brackish aquaculture effluent (BAE), respectively. Therefore, the herein synthesized TiO2/CQDs-CA 4% (w/w) composites have shown to be promising materials for a sustainable solar-driven removal of antibiotics from aquaculture effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Silva
- CESAM & Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Inês Invêncio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carla Patrícia Silva
- CESAM & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marta Otero
- CESAM & Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Departmento de Química y Física Aplicadas, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Diana L D Lima
- CESAM & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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20
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Liu H, Li Z, Zhang W, Liu Y, Pan R, Huang G. Facile synthesis of tomato-based carbon nanodots and its utilization in sensitive detection of tartrazine. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Carbon dots as potential greener and sustainable fluorescent nanomaterials in service of pollutants sensing. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Mediavilla M, Revenga-Parra M, Gutiérrez-Sánchez C, Hernández-Apaolaza L, Pariente F, Lorenzo E. Fluorescent enzymatic assay for direct total polyphenol determination in food-related samples. Talanta 2022; 247:123576. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Carbon dots from eco-friendly precursors for optical sensing application: an up-to-date review. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are zero-dimensional quasi-spherical nanoparticles endowed with excellent advantages including good luminescence features, photostability, low cytotoxicity, remarkable aqueous solubility, favourable biocompatibility, low risk to environment and great flexibility in surface modification. Fluorescent CDs that can selectively respond to specific inorganic/organic target molecules in environmental and biological samples are of prime significance amongst the new generation intelligent sensors due to the critical involvement of different ions/molecular species in not only human health, but also in environment processes. In this context, preparation of CDs from bioprecursors has immense significance due to the involvement of green principles, inexpensive, clean, nontoxic, easily accessible, renewable and large-scale production can be realized. This article aims at exploring different types of green raw materials including plant biomass, animal products, food items and waste materials as carbon sources for the synthesis of both undoped and doped CDs. The emphasis is given on different synthetic approaches adopted for improving the quantum yield without any chemical modification, the characterization techniques, mechanistic origin of photoluminescence and fluorescence response mechanisms involved in the sensing action towards various analytes. The significant benefits and limitations of CDs obtained from eco-friendly precursors through green approaches are summarized. Various challenges and the future prospects of these carbonaceous nanomaterials as sensors are also discussed.
Graphical abstract
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24
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Sengar P, Chauhan K, Hirata GA. Progress on carbon dots and hydroxyapatite based biocompatible luminescent nanomaterials for cancer theranostics. Transl Oncol 2022; 24:101482. [PMID: 35841822 PMCID: PMC9293661 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocompatible carbon dots (CDs) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) have attracted much attention for the development of optical imaging probes. This review discusses the development of CD and nHA based nanomaterials as multifunctional agents for cancer theranostics. The effect of synthesis strategies and doping on photoluminescent properties along with tuning of emission in biological window has been briefly reviewed. The cancer targeting strategies, biocompatibility and biodistribution of CDs and nHA based luminescent probes is discussed. A summary of current challenges and future perspectives is provided.
Despite the significant advancement in cancer diagnosis and therapy, a huge burden remains. Consequently, much research has been diverted on the development of multifunctional nanomaterials for improvement in conventional diagnosis and therapy. Luminescent nanomaterials offer a versatile platform for the development of such materials as their intrinsic photoluminescence (PL) property offers convergence of diagnosis as well as therapy at the same time. However, the clinical translation of nanomaterials faces various challenges, including biocompatibility and cost-effective scale up production. Thus, luminescent materials with facile synthesis approach along with intrinsic biocompatibility and anticancerous activity hold significant importance. As a result, carbon dots (CDs) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) have attracted much attention for the development of optical imaging probes. CDs are the newest members of the carbonaceous nanomaterials family that possess intrinsic luminescent and therapeutic properties, making them a promising candidate for cancer theranostic. Additionally, nHA is an excellent bioactive material due to its compositional similarity to the human bone matrix. The nHA crystal can efficiently host rare-earth elements to attain luminescent property, which can further be implemented for cancer theranostic applications. Herein, the development of CDs and nHA based nanomaterials as multifunctional agents for cancer has been briefly discussed. The emphasis has been given to different synthesis strategies leading to different morphologies and tunable PL spectra, followed by their diverse applications as biocompatible theranostic agents. Finally, the review has been summarized with the current challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakhar Sengar
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ensenada, Baja California C.P. 22860, México
| | - Kanchan Chauhan
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ensenada, Baja California C.P. 22860, México
| | - Gustavo A Hirata
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ensenada, Baja California C.P. 22860, México.
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25
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Omar NAS, Fen YW, Irmawati R, Hashim HS, Ramdzan NSM, Fauzi NIM. A Review on Carbon Dots: Synthesis, Characterization and Its Application in Optical Sensor for Environmental Monitoring. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142365. [PMID: 35889589 PMCID: PMC9321155 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of carbon dots (CDs), either using green or chemical precursors, has inevitably led to their wide range application, from bioimaging to optoelectronic devices. The reported precursors and properties of these CDs have opened new opportunities for the future development of high-quality CDs and applications. Green precursors were classified into fruits, vegetables, flowers, leaves, seeds, stem, crop residues, fungi/bacteria species, and waste products, while the chemical precursors were classified into acid reagents and non-acid reagents. This paper quickly reviews ten years of the synthesis of CDs using green and chemical precursors. The application of CDs as sensing materials in optical sensor techniques for environmental monitoring, including the detection of heavy metal ions, phenol, pesticides, and nitroaromatic explosives, was also discussed in this review. This profound review will offer knowledge for the upcoming community of researchers interested in synthesizing high-quality CDs for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Alia Sheh Omar
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.S.O.); (R.I.); (H.S.H.); (N.S.M.R.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Yap Wing Fen
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.S.O.); (R.I.); (H.S.H.); (N.S.M.R.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ramli Irmawati
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.S.O.); (R.I.); (H.S.H.); (N.S.M.R.)
| | - Hazwani Suhaila Hashim
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.S.O.); (R.I.); (H.S.H.); (N.S.M.R.)
| | - Nur Syahira Md Ramdzan
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.S.O.); (R.I.); (H.S.H.); (N.S.M.R.)
| | - Nurul Illya Muhamad Fauzi
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
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26
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Inhibition of highland barley bran-derived carbon dots on the formation of advanced glycation end products. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Ornelas-Hernández LF, Garduno-Robles A, Zepeda-Moreno A. A Brief Review of Carbon Dots-Silica Nanoparticles Synthesis and their Potential Use as Biosensing and Theragnostic Applications. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2022; 17:56. [PMID: 35661270 PMCID: PMC9167377 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-022-03691-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are carbon nanoparticles with sizes below 10 nm and have attracted attention due to their relatively low toxicity, great biocompatibility, water solubility, facile synthesis, and exceptional photoluminescence properties. Accordingly, CDs have been widely exploited in different sensing and biomedical applications, for example, metal sensing, catalysis, biosensing, bioimaging, drug and gene delivery, and theragnostic applications. Similarly, the well-known properties of silica, such as facile surface functionalization, good biocompatibility, high surface area, and tunable pore volume, have allowed the loading of diverse inorganic and organic moieties and nanoparticles, creating complex hybrid nanostructures that exploit distinct properties (optical, magnetic, metallic, mesoporous, etc.) for sensing, biosensing, bioimaging, diagnosis, and gene and drug delivery. In this context, CDs have been successfully grafted into diverse silica nanostructures through various synthesis methods (e.g., solgel chemistry, inverse microemulsion, surfactant templating, and molecular imprinting technology (MIT)), imparting hybrid nanostructures with multimodal properties for distinct objectives. This review discusses the recently employed synthesis methods for CDs and silica nanoparticles and their typical applications. Then, we focus on combined synthesis techniques of CD-silica nanostructures and their promising biosensing operations. Finally, we overview the most recent potential applications of these materials as innovative smart hybrid nanocarriers and theragnostic agents for the nanomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Fernando Ornelas-Hernández
- Onkogenetik/Mexicana de Investigación Y Biotectogía SA. de C.V., Av. Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla 1966, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Angeles Garduno-Robles
- Onkogenetik/Mexicana de Investigación Y Biotectogía SA. de C.V., Av. Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla 1966, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Abraham Zepeda-Moreno
- Onkogenetik/Mexicana de Investigación Y Biotectogía SA. de C.V., Av. Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla 1966, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
- Unidad de Biología Molecular, Investigación Y Diagnóstico SA de CV, Hospital San Javier, Pablo Casals 640, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
- Departamento de Clínicas Médicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
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Nitrogen-Doped and Surface Functionalized CDs: Fluorescent Probe for Cellular Imaging and Environmental Sensing of ClO–. J Fluoresc 2022; 32:1591-1600. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-02952-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Rawat P, Nain P, Sharma S, Sharma PK, Malik V, Majumder S, Verma VP, Rawat V, Rhyee JS. An Overview of Synthetic Methods and Applications of Photoluminescent Properties of Carbon Quantum Dots. LUMINESCENCE 2022. [PMID: 35419945 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are promising carbonaceous nanomaterials fortuitously discovered in 2004. CQDs are the rising stars in the nanotechnology ensemble because of their unique properties and widespread applications in sensing, imaging, medicine, catalysis, and optoelectronics. CQDs are notable for their excellent solubility and effective luminescence, and as a result, they are also known as carbon nanolights. Many strategies are used for the efficient and economical preparation of CQDs; however, CQDs prepared from waste or green sustainable methods have greater requirements due to their safety and ease of synthesis. Sustainable chemical strategies for CQDs have been developed, emphasizing green synthetic methodologies based on "top-down" and "bottom-up" approaches. This review summarizes many such studies relevant to the development of sustainable methods for photoluminescent CQDs. Furthermore, we have emphasized recent advances in CQDs' photoluminescent applications in chemical and biological fields. Finally, a brief overview of synthetic processes utilizing the green source and their associated applications are tabulated, providing a clear understanding of the new optoelectronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Rawat
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana, India.,Department of Applied Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences, Kyung Hyee University, Yong-in, Republic of Korea
| | - Parul Nain
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana, India
| | - Shaveta Sharma
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana, India
| | - Parshant Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, S.D. College of Engineering & Technology, Muzaffarnagar, U.P, India
| | - Vidhu Malik
- Department of Chemistry, DCRUST Murthal, Sonipat
| | - Sudip Majumder
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana, India
| | - Ved Prakash Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali , Banasthali Newai University, Rajasthan, India
| | - Varun Rawat
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University, Haryana, India.,School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jong Soo Rhyee
- Department of Applied Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences, Kyung Hyee University, Yong-in, Republic of Korea
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A Review on the Use of Biochar Derived Carbon Quantum Dots Production for Sensing Applications. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10030117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Since their discovery, carbon dots have attracted a great deal of interest for their perspective biological applications. Nevertheless, the quenching of carbon dots photoluminescence represents an interesting feature for quantitative analysis in very low concentration of many species. A particular approach for the production of carbon dots is the use of biochar, a carbonized biomass, as a precursor. In this work, we overview the main achievements accomplished by using biochar-derived carbon dots for detecting and quantifying inorganic and organic species. We also provide background knowledge of the main properties, production and purification routes of carbon dots.
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Microwave-Assisted Green Synthesis of Carbon Quantum Dots Derived from Calotropis Gigantea as a Fluorescent Probe for Bioimaging. J Fluoresc 2022; 32:1039-1049. [PMID: 35262854 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-02923-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
An eco-friendly, cost-effective, and convenient approach for synthesizing biocompatible fluorescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) from the leaf extract of the medicinal plant Calotropis gigantea, commonly known as crown flower, has been demonstrated in this work. Fluorescence quantum yields of up to 4.24 percent were observed in as-synthesized CQDs. The size distribution of the as-synthesized CQDs varied from 2.7 to 10.4 nm, with a significant proportion of sp2 and sp3 carbon groups verified by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. The zeta potential of as-synthesized CQDs was measured to be -13.8 mV, indicating the existence of a negatively charged surface with incipient instability in aqueous suspension. Furthermore, as an alternative to organic or synthetic dyes, the development of simple, inexpensive, and non-destructive fluorescence-based staining agents are highly desired. In this regard, as-synthesized CQDs have shown remarkable fluorescent staining capabilities in this work and might be utilised as a suitable probe for optical and bio-imaging of bacteria, fungi, and plant cells.
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Pooresmaeil M, Namazi H. Folic acid-modified photoluminescent dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose crosslinked bionanogels for pH-controlled and tumor-targeted co-drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 200:247-262. [PMID: 35007630 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to fabricate a new photoluminescent bionanogel with both targeted anticancer drug delivery and bioimaging potentials. Briefly, at first photoluminescent carbon dots (CDs) were synthesized from the low-cost and more available black pepper with traditional medicinal properties. The as-synthesized dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose (DCMC) was used as a safe crosslinker for gelatin crosslinking in the presence of CDs (CDs/DCMC-Gel). Eventually, the residual amine functional groups of gelatin were used for the conjugation of CDs/DCMC-Gel with folic acid (FA) ((CDs/DCMC-Gel)-FA bionanogels). All employed physicochemical characterization methods approved the (CDs/DCMC-Gel)-FA bionanogels fabrication route. SEM analysis specified the spherical morphology with a diameter of ~70-90 nm for it. Curcumin (CUR) and doxorubicin (DOX) respectively were loaded with drug entrapment efficiency of about 44.0% and 41.4%. The release rate for both drugs in acidic conditions was higher than in physiological conditions. In vitro antitumor experiments; MTT, DAPI staining, cellular uptake, and cell cycle tests showed the superior anticancer effect of the CUR@DOX@(CDs/DCMC-Gel)-FA in comparison with free CUR@DOX. Moreover, the (CDs/DCMC-Gel)-FA acted as a hopeful bio-imaging tool. Taken together, the designed (CDs/DCMC-Gel)-FA could be proposed as a promising nanosystem for efficient chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Pooresmaeil
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hassan Namazi
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology (RCPN), Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
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Shishavan YH, Amjadi M. Eco-friendly non-conjugated polymer dots for chemiluminometric determination of 4-nitrophenol. LUMINESCENCE 2022; 37:734-741. [PMID: 35194910 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Polymer dots (PDs) are a new family of quantum dots which their behavior and potential applications have not yet been completely explored. In this study, non-conjugated PDs were synthesized via a simple pyrolysis method and used for the chemiluminescence (CL) assay of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). PDs increase the CL signal of the Ce (IV)-Na2 SO3 reaction 39-fold. Using the CL spectrum, it was concluded that the emission at 434 nm was generated by the excited PDs (PDs* ), which are produced via energy transfer from SO2 * to PDs. Our experiments showed that 4-NP enhanced the CL signal of the Ce (IV)-Na2 SO3 -PDs reaction. The mechanism of this effect was explored by obtaining CL, UV-Vis and FT-IR spectra. Due to the high sensitivity and selectivity of the CL system to 4-NP, a probe was designed to determine 4-NP in the linear range of 1.0-500 nmol/L with a detection limit of 0.33 nmol/L. Different spiked real samples were successfully analyzed by this probe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Amjadi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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34
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Meng Y, Zhang Z, Zhao H, Jiao Y, Li J, Shuang S, Dong C. Facile synthesis of multifunctional carbon dots with 54.4% orange emission for label-free detection of morin and endogenous/exogenous hypochlorite. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127289. [PMID: 34879505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots with long-wavelength emission (orange to red), high quantum yield (QY) and good biocompatibility are of great significance for biomedical applications, but achieving this is still a highly challenging task. In this work, multifunctional carbon dots with 54.4% orange emission (O-CDs) were prepared through one-pot solvothermal treatment of nileblueasulphate and citric acid as precursor for label-free recognition of morin and endogenous/exogenous hypochlorite (ClO-) and bioimaging in cellular and zebrafish. Morin can quench the luminescence of O-CDs by static quenching (SQ). The linear range is 5-125 μM and LOD is 0.84 μM. ClO- reduce the photoluminescence intensity of O-CDs via SQ. The linear range is 2.5-90 μM and LOD was 0.46 μM. In addition, The obtained O-CDs have successfully realized the monitoring of morin and endogenous/ exogenous ClO- in living cells and zebrafish owing to its superior biocompatibility, exceptional photostability and lower toxicity. This work opens up a novel opportunity for the development of long-wavelength emission multifunctional nanomaterial with high quantum yield based on CDs for biosensing, biolabeling and biomedical optical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Meng
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhuqing Zhang
- Integrated Center for Inspection and Testing of Changzhi City, Changzhi 046000, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- Integrated Center for Inspection and Testing of Changzhi City, Changzhi 046000, China
| | - Yuan Jiao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Jun Li
- National University of Singapore Natl Univ Singapore, Fac Engn, Dept Biomed Engn, 7 Engn Dr 1, Singapore 117574, Singapore
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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35
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Development of Fluorescent Carbon Nanoparticle-Based Probes for Intracellular pH and Hypochlorite Sensing. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Acid-base and redox reactions are important mechanisms that affect the optical properties of fluorescent probes. Fluorescent carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) that possess tailored surface functionality enable a prompt response to regional stimuli, offering a useful platform for detection, sensing, and imaging. In this study, mPA CNPs were developed through one-pot hydrothermal reaction as a novel fluorescent probe (quantum yield = 10%) for pH and hypochlorite sensing. m-Phenylenediamine was chosen as the major component of CNPs for pH and hypochlorite responsiveness. Meanwhile, ascorbic acid with many oxygen-containing groups was introduced to generate favorable functionalities for improved water solubility and enhanced sensing response. Thus, the mPA CNPs could serve as a pH probe and a turn-off sensor toward hypochlorite at neutral pH through fluorescence change. The as-prepared mPA CNPs exhibited a linear fluorescence response over the pH ranges from pH 5.5 to 8.5 (R2 = 0.989), and over the concentration range of 0.125–1.25 μM for hypochlorite (R2 = 0.985). The detection limit (LOD) of hypochlorite was calculated to be 0.029 μM at neutral pH. The mPA CNPs were further applied to the cell imaging. The positively charged surface and nanoscale dimension of the mPA CNPs lead to their efficient intracellular delivery. The mPA CNPs were also successfully used for cell imaging and sensitive detection of hypochlorite as well as pH changes in biological systems. Given these desirable performances, the as-synthesized fluorescent mPA CNPs shows great potential as an optical probe for real-time pH and hypochlorite monitoring in living cells.
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36
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Wang K, Ru Z, Shi J, Zhu Y, Yang L, Wei M, Xiao M, Liu N, Wang F. N-doped carbon dots as robust fluorescent probes for the rapid detection of hypochlorite. RSC Adv 2022; 12:27170-27178. [PMID: 36276019 PMCID: PMC9511229 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04477c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
N-doped carbon dots (NCDs) with high quantum yield (67%), which could act as robust fluorescent probes for the detection of free chlorine in local tap water with rapid response and accurate measurement, were efficiently prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Zongling Ru
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Jiwei Shi
- Shanghai Morimatsu Pharmaceutical Equipment Engineering Co. Ltd., No. 29 Jinwen Road, Pudong Area, Shanghai, 201323, China
| | - Yuezhao Zhu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Liguo Yang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Mengxue Wei
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Mengli Xiao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Nana Liu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, China
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37
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Cui L, Ren X, Sun M, Liu H, Xia L. Carbon Dots: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3419. [PMID: 34947768 PMCID: PMC8705349 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are known as the rising star of carbon-based nanomaterials and, by virtue of their unique structure and fascinating properties, they have attracted considerable interest in different fields such as biological sensing, drug delivery, photodynamic therapy, photocatalysis, and solar cells in recent years. Particularly, the outstanding electronic and optical properties of the CDs have attracted increasing attention in biomedical and photocatalytic applications owing to their low toxicity, biocompatibility, excellent photostability, tunable fluorescence, outstanding efficient up-converted photoluminescence behavior, and photo-induced electron transfer ability. This article reviews recent progress on the synthesis routes and optical properties of CDs as well as biomedical and photocatalytic applications. Furthermore, we discuss an outlook on future and potential development of the CDs based biosensor, biological dye, biological vehicle, and photocatalysts in this booming research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cui
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chemical Additive Synthesis and Separation, Yingkou Institute of Technology, Yingkou 115014, China;
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Yuanyang Branch Department, Beijing Jingshan School, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Xin Ren
- International Department, Beijing No. 12 High School, Beijing 100071, China;
| | - Mengtao Sun
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chemical Additive Synthesis and Separation, Yingkou Institute of Technology, Yingkou 115014, China;
| | - Lixin Xia
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chemical Additive Synthesis and Separation, Yingkou Institute of Technology, Yingkou 115014, China;
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38
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Use of microalgal lipids and carbohydrates for the synthesis of carbon dots via hydrothermal microwave treatment. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.109021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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39
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Dandia A, Saini P, Sethi M, Kumar K, Saini S, Meena S, Meena S, Parewa V. Nanocarbons in quantum regime: An emerging sustainable catalytic platform for organic synthesis. CATALYSIS REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940.2021.1985866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Dandia
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Pratibha Saini
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Mukul Sethi
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Surendra Saini
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Savita Meena
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Swati Meena
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Vijay Parewa
- Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
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41
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Sargin I, Karakurt S, Alkan S, Arslan G. Live Cell Imaging With Biocompatible Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots Derived From Edible Mushrooms Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Suillus luteus. J Fluoresc 2021; 31:1461-1473. [PMID: 34279764 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02784-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In the study, fluorescent imaging of live cells was performed using fluorescent carbon quantum dots derived from edible mushrooms species; Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Suillus luteus as a fluorophore agent. Carbon quantum dots were synthesized through a facile and low-cost method based on microwave irradiation of dried mushroom samples in hydrogen peroxide solution under optimized conditions (microwave energy, solution type, duration of microwave treatment, amount of mushroom). Upon purification with centrifugation, microfiltration, and dialysis, the lyophilized carbon quantum dots were identified through UV-visible, fluorescence and FT-IR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and quantum yield calculation. Cell viability assessment of the carbon quantum dots was evaluated against human epithelial cell line PNT1A using the Alamar Blue Assay. In vitro fluorescence cell imaging studies demonstrated that the carbon dots could dynamically penetrate the cell membrane and nuclear membrane and localize in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idris Sargin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, 42075, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Serdar Karakurt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, 42075, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sinan Alkan
- Cumra Colloge of Applied Sciences, Selcuk University, 42500, Cumra, Konya, Turkey
| | - Gulsin Arslan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, 42075, Konya, Turkey
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42
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Ge G, Li L, Wang D, Chen M, Zeng Z, Xiong W, Wu X, Guo C. Carbon dots: synthesis, properties and biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:6553-6575. [PMID: 34328147 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01077h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a new type of carbon nanomaterial that have unique physical and chemical properties, good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and easy surface functionalization, making them widely used in biological imaging, environmental monitoring, chemical analysis, targeted drug delivery, disease diagnosis, therapy, etc. In this review, our content is mainly divided into four parts. In the first part, we focused on the preparation methods of CDs, including arc discharge, laser ablation, electrochemical oxidation, chemical oxidation, combustion, hydrothermal/solvent thermal, microwave, template, method etc. Next, we summarized methods of CD modification, including heteroatom doping and surface functionalization. Then, we discussed the optical properties of CDs (ultraviolet absorption, photoluminescence, up-conversion fluorescence, etc.). Lastly, we reviewed the common applications of CDs in biomedicine from the aspects of in vivo and in vitro imaging, sensors, drug delivery, cancer theranostics, etc. Furthermore, we also discussed the existing problems and the future development direction of CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guili Ge
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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Zhao R, Wang Z, Tian X, Shu H, Yang Y, Xiao X, Wang Y. Excellent fluorescence detection of Cu 2+in water system using N-acetyl-L-cysteines modified CdS quantum dots as fluorescence probe. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:405707. [PMID: 34192671 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac1016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
View of the negative influence of metal ions on natural environment and human health, fast and quantitative detection of metals ions in water systems is significant. Ultra-small grain size CdS quantum dots (QDs) modified with N-acetyl-L-cysteines (NALC) (NALC-CdS QDs) are successfully prepared via a facile hydrothermal route. Based on the changes of fluorescence intensity of NALC-CdS QDs solution after adding metal ions, the fluorescence probe made from the NALC-CdS QDs is developed to detect metal ions in water systems. Among various metal ions, the fluorescence of NALC-CdS QDs effectively quenched by the addition of Cu2+, the probe shows high sensitivity and selectivity for detecting Cu2+in other interferential metal ions coexisted system. Importantly, the fluorescence intensity of NALC-CdS QDs changes upon the concentration of Cu2+, the probe displays an excellent linear relationship between the fluorescence quenching rate and the concentration of Cu2+in ranging from 1 to 25μM. Besides, the detected limitation of the probe towards Cu2+as low as 0.48μM. The measurement of Cu2+in real water sample is also carried out using the probe. The results indicate that NALC-CdS QDs fluorescence probe may be a promising candidate for quantitative Cu2+detection in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjun Zhao
- School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhezhe Wang
- School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Tian
- School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Shu
- School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Physics, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechun Xiao
- School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yude Wang
- Key Lab of Quantum Information of Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, 650091 Kunming, People's Republic of China
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44
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Hagiwara K, Horikoshi S, Serpone N. Photoluminescent Carbon Quantum Dots: Synthetic Approaches and Photophysical Properties. Chemistry 2021; 27:9466-9481. [PMID: 33877732 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A number of synthetic methodologies and applications of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have been reported since they were first discovered nearly two decades ago. Unlike metal-based or semiconductor-based (e. g., metal chalcogenides) quantum dots (MSQDs), CQDs have the unique feature of being prepared through a variety of synthetic protocols, which are typically understood from considerations of reaction models and photoluminescence mechanisms. Consequently, this brief review article describes quantum dots, in general, and CQDs, in particular, from various viewpoints: (i) their definition, (ii) their photophysical properties, and (iii) the superiority of CQDs over MSQDs. Where possible, comparisons are made between CQDs and MSQDs. First, however, the review begins with a general brief description of quantum dots (QDs) as nanomaterials (sizes≤10 nm), followed by a short description of MSQDs and CQDs. Described subsequently are the various top-down and bottom-up approaches to synthesize CQDs followed by their distinctive photophysical properties (emission spectra; quantum yields, Φs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Hagiwara
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyodaku, Tokyo, 102-8552, Japan
| | - Satoshi Horikoshi
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyodaku, Tokyo, 102-8552, Japan
| | - Nick Serpone
- PhotoGreen Laboratory, Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, via Taramelli 12, Pavia, 27100, Italy
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45
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Thangaraj B, Solomon PR, Chuangchote S, Wongyao N, Surareungchai W. Biomass‐derived Carbon Quantum Dots – A Review. Part 1: Preparation and Characterization. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.202000029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baskar Thangaraj
- King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute Bangkhuntien-chaitalay Road 10150 Tha Kham, Bangkok Thailand
| | - Pravin Raj Solomon
- SASTRA-Deemed University School of Chemical and Biotechnology 613 402 Thanjavur Tamil Nadu India
| | - Surawut Chuangchote
- King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Research Center of Advanced Materials for Energy and Environmental Technology 126 Prachauthit Road 10140 Bangmod, Bangkok Thailand
- King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Department of Tool and Materials Engineering Faculty of Engineering 126 Prachauthit Road 10140 Bangmod, Thungkru, Bangkok Thailand
| | - Nutthapon Wongyao
- King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Research and Engineering Center Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute 10140 Bangkok Thailand
| | - Werasak Surareungchai
- King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi School of Bioresources and Technology Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Graduate Programme Faculty of Science Bangkhuntien-chaitalay Road 10150 Tha Kham, Bangkok Thailand
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46
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Hagiwara K, Horikoshi S, Serpone N. Luminescent monodispersed carbon quantum dots by a microwave solvothermal method toward bioimaging applications. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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47
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Pebdeni AB, Khurshid CA, Abkenar SD, Hosseini M. Green Synthesis of Carbon Quantum Dots Doped on Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles as Recyclable Visible Light Photocatalysts for Enhanced Degradation of Malachite Green. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Azam Bagheri Pebdeni
- Department of Life Science Engineering Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | | | | | - Morteza Hosseini
- Department of Life Science Engineering Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies University of Tehran Tehran Iran
- Medicinal Biomaterials Research Center Faculty of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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48
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Meng Y, Zhang H, Li M, Lu W, Liu Y, Gong X, Shuang S, Dong C. A facile synthesis of long-wavelength emission nitrogen-doped carbon dots for intracellular pH variation and hypochlorite sensing. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:2255-2261. [PMID: 33533378 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm02047h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular pH and hypochlorite (ClO-) concentration play an important role in life activities, so there is an urgent need to develop a valid strategy to monitor pH and ClO- in biological systems with high sensitivity and specificity. In this study, we report long-wavelength emission nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) and their potential applications in intracellular pH variation, ClO- sensing and cell imaging. The N-CDs were prepared via a facile one-pot hydrothermal method of neutral red (NR) and glutamine (Gln). N-CDs exhibited a pH-sensitive response in the range of 4.0-9.0 and a good linear relationship in the range of 5.6-7.4, which indicated that N-CDs are an ideal agent for monitoring pH fluctuations in living cells. In addition, ClO- was capable of reducing the photoluminescence of N-CDs based on static quenching. The linear range is 1.5-112.5 μM and 112.5-187.5 μM, and the LOD is 0.27 μM. Besides, the as-fabricated N-CDs have been smoothly achieved to monitor pH and ClO- in PC-12 living cells due to their great biocompatibility and lower cytotoxicity, demonstrating their promising applications in the biomedical field. Compared with other CD-based methods, the as-proposed N-CDs have a longer fluorescence emission, which makes them potentially valuable in biological systems. The results pave a way towards the construction of long-wavelength carbon-based nanomaterials for fluorescence sensing and cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Meng
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng rd., Taiyuan 030006, China
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Khatami M, Iravani S. Green and Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Nanophotocatalysts: An Overview. COMMENT INORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02603594.2021.1895127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Khatami
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Siavash Iravani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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50
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Zhang X, Qu J, Ding SN. Photoluminescent sea urchin-shaped carbon-nanobranched polymers as nanoprobes for the selective and sensitive assay of hypochlorite. RSC Adv 2021; 11:8134-8141. [PMID: 35423326 PMCID: PMC8695118 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07608b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This work reports donor-acceptor type sea urchin-like carbon nanobranched polymers (SUCNPs). As a novel carbon-based nanomaterial, SUCNPs were effectively synthesized for the first time through a facile and economical solvothermal approach employing uric acid and l-cysteine as nitrogen/sulfur sources. The nitrogen-rich structure of the heterocylic aromatic polymer led to a blue fluorescence at the excitation/emission maxima of 350/436 nm with robust photostability. SUNCPs showed highly selective ability towards hypochlorite (ClO-) against other relevant interfering substances. Upon exposure to a growing concentration of ClO-, SUCNPs fluorescence presented a gradual rise with a remarkable blue shift by virtue of the inhibition of photoinduced charge transfer (PCT) process. A linear relationship was established between the fluorescence intensity ratio (I 401 nm/I 436 nm) and the ClO- concentration in the range of 0.1-200 μM. The detection limit was as low as 30 nM (3σ/k). The "turn-on" type nanoprobe was further used in real samples and paper-based analytical chips efficiently, implying its application in a sophisticated and convenient platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology Yancheng 224051 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Jian Qu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology Yancheng 224051 China
| | - Shou-Nian Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
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