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Yang G, He Y, Wang T, Li Z, Wang J. Atroposelective Synthesis of Planar-Chiral Indoles via Carbene Catalyzed Macrocyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316739. [PMID: 38014469 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Indole-based planar-chiral macrocycles are widely found in natural products and bioactive molecules. However, in sharp contrast to the preparation of indole-based axially chiral structures, the enantioselective catalysis of indole-based planar-chiral macrocycles is still a formidable task so far. Here we report an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed intramolecular atroposelective macrocyclization of 3-carboxaldehyde indole/pyrroles, featuring with broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance, and allowing for a rapid access to diverse indole/pyrrole-based planar-chiral macrocycles with various tether-lengths (10-16 members) in good yields and with excellent enantioselectivities. Importantly, the indole-based macrocyclic structures with both planar and axial chirality were directly and efficiently obtained through this protocol with excellent enantioselectivities and diastereoselectivities. In addition, these synthesized planar-chiral macrocycles offer many possibilities for chemists to develop new catalysts or ligands, as well as new reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongming Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yi He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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2
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BLANGETTI M, O’SHEA DF. Crystal Structure of <i>rac</i>-4-Iodo-5-methoxy[2.2]metacylophane; A Rare Example of a Halogenated Metacyclophane with Planar Chirality. X-RAY STRUCTURE ANALYSIS ONLINE 2020. [DOI: 10.2116/xraystruct.36.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Blangetti M, O'Shea DF. Chiral auxiliary-mediated synthesis of planar chiral [2.2]metacyclophanes. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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4
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Arnodo D, Ghinato S, Nejrotti S, Blangetti M, Prandi C. Lateral lithiation in deep eutectic solvents: regioselective functionalization of substituted toluene derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:2391-2394. [PMID: 32044898 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00593b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The heteroatom-directed lateral lithiation of functionalized toluenes in a choline chloride-based eutectic mixture is reported. The metalations proceed within ultrafast reaction times, with a broad substrate and electrophile scope. The directing groups provide a rapid and high regioselective access to functionalized aromatic derivatives of remarkable synthetic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Arnodo
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125, Torino, Italy.
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5
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Ghinato S, Dilauro G, Perna FM, Capriati V, Blangetti M, Prandi C. Directed ortho-metalation-nucleophilic acyl substitution strategies in deep eutectic solvents: the organolithium base dictates the chemoselectivity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:7741-7744. [PMID: 31168546 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03927a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Directed ortho metalation (DoM) or nucleophilic acyl substitution (SNAc) can be efficiently programmed on the same aromatic carboxylic acid amide, in a choline chloride-based eutectic mixture, by simply switching the nature of the organolithium reagent. Telescoped, one-pot ortho-lithiation/Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings have also been demonstrated for the first time in Deep Eutectic Solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Ghinato
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Dilauro
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Bari "A. Moro", Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S., Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Filippo Maria Perna
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Bari "A. Moro", Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S., Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Vito Capriati
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Bari "A. Moro", Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S., Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Marco Blangetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Cristina Prandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125 Torino, Italy.
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Robertson SD, Uzelac M, Mulvey RE. Alkali-Metal-Mediated Synergistic Effects in Polar Main Group Organometallic Chemistry. Chem Rev 2019; 119:8332-8405. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart D. Robertson
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Marina Uzelac
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Robert E. Mulvey
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, U.K
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7
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Katoono R, Suzuki T. Planar chiral desymmetrization of a two-layered cyclophane and control of dynamic helicity through the arrangement of two nonstereogenic centers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:1029-31. [PMID: 26592752 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc09069e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic helicity generated in a configurationally stable cyclophane is controlled through the arrangement of two nonstereogenic centers with different dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Katoono
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-0810
- Japan
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-0810
- Japan
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8
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Manvar A, Fleming P, O'Shea DF. General Ambient Temperature Benzylic Metalations Using Mixed-Metal Li/K-TMP Amide. J Org Chem 2015; 80:8727-38. [PMID: 26280940 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Highly regioselective benzylic metalations in hydrocarbon solvent have been achieved at rt and 0 °C using a mixed-metal Li/K-TMP amide comprised of KOtBu, BuLi, and 2,2,6,6,-tetramethylpiperidine (TMP(H)). Mixing of KOtBu, BuLi, and TMP(H) in heptane gave a solution of the base mixture which when used in deuterium labeling experiments confirmed the requirement of the three reagent components for both reactivity and selectivity. The reaction protocol is operationally straightforward and found to be applicable to a broad range of substrates. Upon generation of the metalated products, they are reacted in heptane at ambient temperature in a variety of synthetically useful ways. Illustrated examples include generation of the benzyltrimethylsilanes and α,α-bis(trimethylsilyl)toluenes reagents, which are bench-stable surrogates of benzyl anions and α-silyl carbanions utilized for nucleophilic addition and Peterson olefination reactions. Direct C-C couplings mediated by 1,2-dibromoethane provided entries into bibenzyls and [2.2]metacyclophanes. Comparison of reaction outcomes with the same reactions carried out in THF at -78 °C showed no negative effects for conducting the reactions under these milder more user-friendly conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Manvar
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Patricia Fleming
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Donal F O'Shea
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , Dublin 2, Ireland.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin , Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Scharnagel D, Müller A, Prause F, Eck M, Goller J, Milius W, Breuning M. The First Modular Route to Core-Chiral Bispidine Ligands and Their Application in Enantioselective Copper(II)-Catalyzed Henry Reactions. Chemistry 2015; 21:12488-500. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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10
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Das M, Manvar A, Jacolot M, Blangetti M, Jones RC, O'Shea DF. Stereoselective Peterson Olefinations from Bench-Stable Reagents andN-Phenyl Imines. Chemistry 2015; 21:8737-40. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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