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Skrzypczak N, Pyta K, Bohusz W, Leśniewska A, Gdaniec M, Ruszkowski P, Schilf W, Bartl F, Przybylski P. Cascade Transformation of the Ansamycin Benzoquinone Core into Benzoxazole Influencing Anticancer Activity and Selectivity. J Org Chem 2023; 88:9469-9474. [PMID: 37276434 PMCID: PMC10337034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The metal-free cascade transformation of geldanamycin benzoquinone core is proposed at relatively mild conditions. This approach yields new benzoxazole ansamycin antibiotics and enables their functionalization in an atom-economic manner, irrespective of the type of amine used. The analysis of the heterocyclization course reveals the dependence of its rate on the nature of the para-substituent within the benzylamine moiety (EDG/EWG) and the strength of the base. The reduction of the ansamycin core enables an increase in anticancer potency and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Skrzypczak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Krystian Pyta
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
- Lebenswissenschaftliche
Fakultät, Institut für Biologie, Biophysikalische Chemie Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wiktor Bohusz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Leśniewska
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maria Gdaniec
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Ruszkowski
- Department
of Pharmacology, Poznań University
of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5a, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
| | - Wojciech Schilf
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Franz Bartl
- Lebenswissenschaftliche
Fakultät, Institut für Biologie, Biophysikalische Chemie Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Piotr Przybylski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego
8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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Skrzypczak N, Buczkowski A, Bohusz W, Nowak E, Tokarska K, Leśniewska A, Alzebari AM, Ruszkowski P, Gdaniec M, Bartl F, Przybylski P. Modifications of geldanamycin via CuAAC altering affinity to chaperone protein Hsp90 and cytotoxicity. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 256:115450. [PMID: 37210951 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Functionalization of alkyne (1) and azide (2) derivatives of geldanamycin (GDM) via dipolar cycloaddition CuAAC yielded 35 new congeners (3-37) with C(17)-triazole arms bearing caps of different nature (basic vs. acidic, hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic). Confrontation of biological data (anticancer activity vs. toxicity in normal cells) with lipophilicity (clogP), dissociation constants (Kd) of complexes with Hsp90 and binding modes to Hsp90 revealed SAR in specific subgroups of GDM derivatives. The most potent GDM congeners 14-16, bearing C(17)-triazole-benzyl-halogen arms exhibited the most optimal clogP values of 2.7-3.1 at favourable binding to Hsp90 (KdHsp90 at μM level). The anticancer activity of 14-16 (IC50 = 0.23-0.41 μM) is higher than those of GDM (IC50 = 0.58-0.64 μM) and actinomycin D (ActD, IC50 = 0.62-0.71 μM) in SKBR-3, SKOV-3 and PC-3 cell lines, with a comparable cytotoxicity in healthy cells. The relationship between structure and attractive anticancer potency (IC50 = 0.53-0.74 μM) is also observed for congeners with C(17)-triazole-saccharide or C(17)-triazole-unsaturated arms. In the former, the absolute configuration at C(4) (ᴅ-glucose vs. ᴅ-galactose) whereas in the latter the length of the unsaturated arm influences the cytotoxic effects due to different binding strength (Kd, ΔE) and modes with Hsp90. Among all triazole congeners of GDM that are biologically attractive and exhibit lower toxicity in normal cells than GDM and ActD, the derivative 22, bearing the C(17)-triazole-cinnamyl arm, shows the lowest Kd (Hsp90), optimal clogP = 2.82, the best pro-apoptotic properties in SKBR-3 and SKOV-3 and the best selectivity indices (SI). For the most potent GDM derivatives with C(17)-triazole arm, the docking studies have suggested the importance of the intermolecular stabilization between the arm and the D57 or Y61 of Hsp90.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Skrzypczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Buczkowski
- Unit of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 165, Lodz, 90-236, Poland
| | - Wiktor Bohusz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewelina Nowak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Klaudia Tokarska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Leśniewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Attaa Mohammed Alzebari
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Ruszkowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5a, 60-806, Poznań, Poland
| | - Maria Gdaniec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Franz Bartl
- Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultӓt, Institut fȕr Biologie, Biophysikalische Chemie Humboldt-Universitӓt zu Berlin, Invalidenstraße 42, Berlin, Germany
| | - Piotr Przybylski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
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Examples of Inverse Comorbidity between Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Possible Role for Noncoding RNA. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121930. [PMID: 35741059 PMCID: PMC9221903 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common causes of death; in parallel, the incidence and prevalence of central nervous system diseases are equally high. Among neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer’s dementia is the most common, while Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease. There is a significant amount of evidence on the complex biological connection between cancer and neurodegeneration. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are defined as transcribed nucleotides that perform a variety of regulatory functions. The mechanisms by which ncRNAs exert their functions are numerous and involve every aspect of cellular life. The same ncRNA can act in multiple ways, leading to different outcomes; in fact, a single ncRNA can participate in the pathogenesis of more than one disease—even if these seem very different, as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders are. The ncRNA activates specific pathways leading to one or the other clinical phenotype, sometimes with obvious mechanisms of inverse comorbidity. We aimed to collect from the existing literature examples of inverse comorbidity in which ncRNAs seem to play a key role. We also investigated the example of mir-519a-3p, and one of its target genes Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, for the inverse comorbidity mechanism between some cancers and PD. We believe it is very important to study the inverse comorbidity relationship between cancer and neurodegenerative diseases because it will help us to better assess these two major areas of human disease.
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Skrzypczak N, Przybylski P. Structural diversity and biological relevance of benzenoid and atypical ansamycins and their congeners. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:1678-1704. [PMID: 35262153 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00004k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2011 to 2021The structural division of ansamycins, including those of atypical cores and different lengths of the ansa chains, is presented. Recently discovered benzenoid and atypical ansamycin scaffolds are presented in relation to their natural source and biosynthetic routes realized in bacteria as well as their muta and semisynthetic modifications influencing biological properties. To better understand the structure-activity relationships among benzenoid ansamycins structural aspects together with mechanisms of action regarding different targets in cells, are discussed. The most promising directions for structural optimizations of benzenoid ansamycins, characterized by predominant anticancer properties, were discussed in view of their potential medical and pharmaceutical applications. The bibliography of the review covers mainly years from 2011 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Skrzypczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Piotr Przybylski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland.
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Skrzypczak N, Pyta K, Ruszkowski P, Mikołajczak P, Kucińska M, Murias M, Gdaniec M, Bartl F, Przybylski P. Anticancer activity and toxicity of new quaternary ammonium geldanamycin derivative salts and their mixtures with potentiators. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:1898-1904. [PMID: 34344239 PMCID: PMC8344233 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1960829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Geldanamycin (GDM) has been modified by different type neutral/acidic/basic substituents (1–7) and by quinuclidine motif (8), transformed into ammonium salts (9–13) at C(17). These compounds have been characterised by spectroscopic and x-ray methods. Derivative 8 shows better potency than GDM in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, A549 and HeLa (IC50s = 0.09–1.06 µM). Transformation of 8 into salts 9–13 reduces toxicity (by 11-fold) at attractive potency, e.g. MCF-7 cell line (IC50∼2 µM). Our studies show that higher water solubility contributes to lower toxicity of salts than GDM in healthy CCD39Lu and HDF cells. The use of 13 mixtures with potentiators PEI and DOX enhanced anticancer effects from IC50∼2 µM to IC50∼0.5 µM in SKBR-3, SKOV-3, and PC-3 cancer cells, relative to 13. Docking studies showed that complexes between quinuclidine-bearing 8–13 and Hsp90 are stabilised by extra hydrophobic interactions between the C(17)-arms and K58 or Y61 of Hsp90.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Krystian Pyta
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Ruszkowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Małgorzata Kucińska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marek Murias
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Maria Gdaniec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Franz Bartl
- Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, Institutfür Biologie, Biophysikalische Chemie Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Invalidenstrasse 42, Berlin, Germany
| | - Piotr Przybylski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
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Skrzypczak N, Pyta K, Ruszkowski P, Gdaniec M, Bartl F, Przybylski P. Synthesis, structure and anticancer activity of new geldanamycin amine analogs containing C(17)- or C(20)- flexible and rigid arms as well as closed or open ansa-bridges. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 202:112624. [PMID: 32663707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The nucleophilic attack of amines at C(17) or C(17)/C(20) positions of geldanamycin's (GDM) benzoquinone, via initial 1,4-Michael conjugate addition mechanism, yield new analogs with closed or open ansa-bridges (1-31), respectively. X-ray structures of analogs 22 and 24 reveals an unexpected arrangement of the ansa-bridge in solid (conformer B), that is located between those of conformers A, prevailing in solution (trans-lactam), and C, crucial at binding to Hsp90 (cis-lactam). The structure of a new-type conformer B allows to better understand the molecular recognition mechanism between the GDM analogs and the target Hsp90. Combined analysis of: anticancer test results (SKBR-3, SKOV-3, PC-3, U-87, A-549) and those performed in normal cells (HDF), KD values and docking modes at Hsp90 as well as clogP parameters, reveals that the rigid C(17)-arm (piperidyl, cyclohexyl) with a H-bond acceptor as carbonyl group together with a lipophilicity clogP∼3 favor high potency of analogs, even up to IC50 ∼0.08 μM, at improved selectivity (SIHDF > 30), when compared to GDM. The most active 25 show higher anticancer potency than 17-AAG (in SKOV-3 and A-549) as well as reblastatin (in SKBR-3 and SKOV-3). Opening of the ansa-bridge within GDM analogs, at the best case, decreases activity (IC50∼2 μM) and toxicity in HDF cells (SIHDF∼2-3), relative to GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Skrzypczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krystian Pyta
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Ruszkowski
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5a, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maria Gdaniec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Franz Bartl
- Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, Institut für Biologie, Biophysikalische Chemie Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 42, 10099, Berlin, Germany
| | - Piotr Przybylski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
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Houck AL, Seddighi S, Driver JA. At the Crossroads Between Neurodegeneration and Cancer: A Review of Overlapping Biology and Its Implications. Curr Aging Sci 2018; 11:77-89. [PMID: 29552989 PMCID: PMC6519136 DOI: 10.2174/1874609811666180223154436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of epidemiologic evidence suggests that neurodegenerative diseases occur less frequently in cancer survivors, and vice versa. While unusual, this inverse comorbidity is biologically plausible and could be explained, in part, by the evolutionary tradeoffs made by neurons and cycling cells to optimize the performance of their very different functions. The two cell types utilize the same proteins and pathways in different, and sometimes opposite, ways. However, cancer and neurodegeneration also share many pathophysiological features. OBJECTIVE In this review, we compare three overlapping aspects of neurodegeneration and cancer. METHOD First, we contrast the priorities and tradeoffs of dividing cells and neurons and how these manifest in disease. Second, we consider the hallmarks of biological aging that underlie both neurodegeneration and cancer. Finally, we utilize information from genetic databases to outline specific genes and pathways common to both diseases. CONCLUSION We argue that a detailed understanding of the biologic and genetic relationships between cancer and neurodegeneration can guide future efforts in designing disease-modifying therapeutic interventions. Lastly, strategies that target aging may prevent or delay both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander L. Houck
- College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sahba Seddighi
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jane A. Driver
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Boston Healthcare System and the Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women ‘s Hospital, Harvard Medical School (J.A.D.), Boston, MA, USA
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Nishida T, Matsuda D, Kasuga I, Orita A, Otera J. A Simple Method for the Removal of Organotin Residues from Acetates and a Homoallylic Alcohol Prepared from Organostannane Reagents: Column Chromatography Using 10%-Moist SiO 2. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.160736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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10
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Armacost KA, Goh GB, Brooks CL. Biasing Potential Replica Exchange Multisite λ-Dynamics for Efficient Free Energy Calculations. J Chem Theory Comput 2016; 11:1267-77. [PMID: 26579773 DOI: 10.1021/ct500894k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Traditional free energy calculation methods are well-known for their drawbacks in scalability and speed in converging results particularly for calculations with large perturbations. In the present work, we report on the development of biasing potential replica exchange multisite λ-dynamics (BP-REX MSλD), which is a free energy method that is capable of performing simultaneous alchemical free energy transformations, including perturbations between flexible moieties. BP-REX MSλD and the original MSλD are applied to a series of symmetrical 2,5-benzoquinone derivatives covering a diverse chemical space and range of conformational flexibility. Improved λ-space sampling is observed for the BP-REX MSλD simulations, yielding a 2-5-fold increase in the number of transitions between substituents compared to traditional MSλD. We also demonstrate the efficacy of varying the value of c, the parameter that controls the ruggedness of the landscape mediating the sampling of λ-states, based on the flexibility of the fragment. Finally, we developed a protocol for maximizing the transition frequency between fragments. This protocol reduces the "kinetic barrier" for alchemically transforming fragments by grouping and ordering based on volume. These findings are applied to a challenging test set involving a series of geldanamycin-based inhibitors of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). Even though the perturbations span volume changes by as large as 60 Å(3), the values for the free energy change achieve an average unsigned error (AUE) of 1.5 kcal/mol relative to experimental Kd measurements with a reasonable correlation (R = 0.56). Our results suggest that the BP-REX MSλD algorithm is a highly efficient and scalable free energy method, which when utilized will enable routine calculations on the order of hundreds of compounds using only a few simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira A Armacost
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan , 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Garrett B Goh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan , 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Charles L Brooks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan , 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Xiong R, Zhou W, Siegel D, Kitson RRA, Freed CR, Moody CJ, Ross D. A Novel Hsp90 Inhibitor Activates Compensatory Heat Shock Protein Responses and Autophagy and Alleviates Mutant A53T α-Synuclein Toxicity. Mol Pharmacol 2015; 88:1045-54. [PMID: 26405178 DOI: 10.1124/mol.115.101451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A potential cause of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD), is protein misfolding and aggregation that in turn leads to neurotoxicity. Targeting Hsp90 is an attractive strategy to halt neurodegenerative diseases, and benzoquinone ansamycin (BQA) Hsp90 inhibitors such as geldanamycin (GA) and 17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin have been shown to be beneficial in mutant A53T α-synuclein PD models. However, current BQA inhibitors result in off-target toxicities via redox cycling and/or arylation of nucleophiles at the C19 position. We developed novel 19-substituted BQA (19BQA) as a means to prevent arylation. In this study, our data demonstrated that 19-phenyl-GA, a lead 19BQA in the GA series, was redox stable and exhibited little toxicity relative to its parent quinone GA in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells as examined by oxygen consumption, trypan blue, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), and apoptosis assays. Meanwhile, 19-phenyl-GA retained the ability to induce autophagy and potentially protective heat shock proteins (HSPs) such as Hsp70 and Hsp27. We found that transduction of A53T, but not wild type (WT) α-synuclein, induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. 19-Phenyl-GA decreased oligomer formation and toxicity of A53T α-synuclein in transduced cells. Mechanistic studies indicated that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70 ribosomal S6 kinase signaling was activated by A53T but not WT α-synuclein, and 19-phenyl-GA decreased mTOR activation that may be associated with A53T α-synuclein toxicity. In summary, our results indicate that 19BQAs such as 19-phenyl-GA may provide a means to modulate protein-handling systems including HSPs and autophagy, thereby reducing the aggregation and toxicity of proteins such as mutant A53T α-synuclein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (R.X., D.S., D.R.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (W.Z., C.R.F.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (R.R.A.K., C.J.M.)
| | - Wenbo Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (R.X., D.S., D.R.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (W.Z., C.R.F.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (R.R.A.K., C.J.M.)
| | - David Siegel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (R.X., D.S., D.R.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (W.Z., C.R.F.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (R.R.A.K., C.J.M.)
| | - Russell R A Kitson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (R.X., D.S., D.R.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (W.Z., C.R.F.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (R.R.A.K., C.J.M.)
| | - Curt R Freed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (R.X., D.S., D.R.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (W.Z., C.R.F.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (R.R.A.K., C.J.M.)
| | - Christopher J Moody
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (R.X., D.S., D.R.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (W.Z., C.R.F.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (R.R.A.K., C.J.M.)
| | - David Ross
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (R.X., D.S., D.R.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (W.Z., C.R.F.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (R.R.A.K., C.J.M.)
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Khandelwal A, Crowley VM, Blagg BSJ. Natural Product Inspired N-Terminal Hsp90 Inhibitors: From Bench to Bedside? Med Res Rev 2015; 36:92-118. [PMID: 26010985 DOI: 10.1002/med.21351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The 90 kDa heat shock proteins (Hsp90) are responsible for the conformational maturation of nascent polypeptides and the rematuration of denatured proteins. Proteins dependent upon Hsp90 are associated with all six hallmarks of cancer. Upon Hsp90 inhibition, protein substrates are degraded via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Consequentially, inhibition of Hsp90 offers a therapeutic opportunity for the treatment of cancer. Natural product inhibitors of Hsp90 have been identified in vitro, which have served as leads for the development of more efficacious inhibitors and analogs that have entered clinical trials. This review highlights the development of natural product analogs, as well as the development of clinically important inhibitors that arose from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Khandelwal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, 4070 Malott Hall, Lawrence, KS 66045
| | - Vincent M Crowley
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, 4070 Malott Hall, Lawrence, KS 66045
| | - Brian S J Blagg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, 4070 Malott Hall, Lawrence, KS 66045
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13
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Wang Z, Wang J, Yang S, Hou S. Construction and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17AAG)-loaded PEGylated nanostructured lipid carriers. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2015; 42:91-98. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2015.1031138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Service, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Department of Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Service, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, and
| | - Songling Yang
- Department of Biology Pharmacy, Heilongjiang Vocational College of Biology Science and Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Shuying Hou
- Department of Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Service, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, and
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14
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Li Z, Jia L, Wang J, Wu X, Hao H, Xu H, Wu Y, Shi G, Lu C, Shen Y. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 17-arylmethylamine-17-demethoxygeldanamycin derivatives as potent Hsp90 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 85:359-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Dutton BL, Kitson RRA, Parry-Morris S, Roe SM, Prodromou C, Moody CJ. Synthesis of macrolactam analogues of radicicol and their binding to heat shock protein Hsp90. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:1328-40. [PMID: 24435512 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42211a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A series of macrolactam analogues of the naturally occurring resorcylic acid lactone radicicol have been synthesised from methyl orsellinate in 7 steps, involving chlorination, protection of the two phenolic groups, and hydrolysis to the benzoic acid. Formation of the dianion and quenching with a Weinreb amide results in acylation of the toluene methyl group that is followed by amide formation and ring closing metathesis to form the macrocyclic lactam. Final deprotection of the phenolic groups gives the desired macrolactams whose binding to the N-terminal domain of yeast Hsp90 was studied by isothermal titration calorimetry and protein X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridie L Dutton
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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16
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Gerson JE, Castillo-Carranza DL, Kayed R. Advances in therapeutics for neurodegenerative tauopathies: moving toward the specific targeting of the most toxic tau species. ACS Chem Neurosci 2014; 5:752-69. [PMID: 25075869 DOI: 10.1021/cn500143n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disease is one of the greatest health concerns today and with no effective treatment in sight, it is crucial that researchers find a safe and successful therapeutic. While neurofibrillary tangles are considered the primary tauopathy hallmark, more evidence continues to come to light to suggest that soluble, intermediate tau aggregates--tau oligomers--are the most toxic species in disease. These intermediate tau species may also be responsible for the spread of pathology, suggesting that oligomeric tau may be the best therapeutic target. Here, we summarize results for the modulation of tau by molecular chaperones, small molecules and aggregation inhibitors, post-translational modifications, immunotherapy, other techniques, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E. Gerson
- Department
of Neurology, George and Cynthia Mitchell
Center for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Diana L. Castillo-Carranza
- Department
of Neurology, George and Cynthia Mitchell
Center for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Rakez Kayed
- Department
of Neurology, George and Cynthia Mitchell
Center for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
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17
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Abstract
Latency allows HIV-1 to persist in long-lived cellular reservoirs, preventing virus eradication. We have previously shown that the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is required for HIV-1 gene expression and mediates greater HIV-1 replication in conditions of hyperthermia. Here we report that specific inhibitors of Hsp90 such as 17-(N-allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin and AUY922 prevent HIV-1 reactivation in CD4+ T cells. A single modification at position 19 in the Hsp90 inhibitors abolished this activity, supporting the specificity of the target. We tested the impact of Hsp90 on known pathways involved in HIV-1 reactivation from latency; they include protein kinase Cs(PKCs), mitogen activated protein kinase/extracellular signal regulated kinase/positive transcriptional elongation factor-b and NF-κB. We found that Hsp90 was required downstream of PKCs and was not required for mitogen activated protein kinase activation. Inhibition of Hsp90 reduced degradation of IkBα and blocked nuclear translocation of transcription factor p65/p50, suppressing the NF-κB pathway. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments showed that Hsp90 interacts with inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase (IKK) together with cochaperone Cdc37, which is critical for the activity of several kinases. Targeting of Hsp90 by AUY922 dissociated Cdc37 from the complex. Therefore, Hsp90 controls HIV-1 reactivation from latency by keeping the IKK complex functional and thus connects T-cell activation with HIV-1 replication. AUY922 is in phase II clinical trial and, in combination with a PKC-ϑ inhibitor in phase II clinical trial, almost completely suppressed HIV-1 reactivation at 15 nM with no cytotoxicity. Selective targeting of the Hsp90/Cdc37 interaction may provide a powerful approach to suppress HIV-1 reactivation from latency.
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18
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Chang CH, Drechsel DA, Kitson RRA, Siegel D, You Q, Backos DS, Ju C, Moody CJ, Ross D. 19-substituted benzoquinone ansamycin heat shock protein-90 inhibitors: biological activity and decreased off-target toxicity. Mol Pharmacol 2014; 85:849-57. [PMID: 24682466 DOI: 10.1124/mol.113.090654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The benzoquinone ansamycins (BQAs) are a valuable class of antitumor agents that serve as inhibitors of heat shock protein (Hsp)-90. However, clinical use of BQAs has resulted in off-target toxicities, including concerns of hepatotoxicity. Mechanisms underlying the toxicity of quinones include their ability to redox cycle and/or arylate cellular nucleophiles. We have therefore designed 19-substituted BQAs to prevent glutathione conjugation and nonspecific interactions with protein thiols to minimize off-target effects and reduce hepatotoxicity. 19-Phenyl- and 19-methyl-substituted versions of geldanamycin and its derivatives, 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin and 17-(dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-DMAG), did not react with glutathione, whereas marked reactivity was observed using parent BQAs. Importantly, although 17-DMAG induced cell death in primary and cultured mouse hepatocytes, 19-phenyl and 19-methyl DMAG showed reduced toxicity, validating the overall approach. Furthermore, our data suggest that arylation reactions, rather than redox cycling, are a major mechanism contributing to BQA hepatotoxicity. 19-Phenyl BQAs inhibited purified Hsp90 in a NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1)-dependent manner, demonstrating increased efficacy of the hydroquinone ansamycin relative to its parent quinone. Molecular modeling supported increased stability of the hydroquinone form of 19-phenyl-DMAG in the active site of human Hsp90. In human breast cancer cells, 19-phenyl BQAs induced growth inhibition also dependent upon metabolism via NQO1 with decreased expression of client proteins and compensatory induction of Hsp70. These data demonstrate that 19-substituted BQAs are unreactive with thiols, display reduced hepatotoxicity, and retain Hsp90 and growth-inhibitory activity in human breast cancer cells, although with diminished potency relative to parent BQAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Hsin Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (C.-H.C., D.A.D., D.S., Q.Y., D.S.B., C.J., D.R.); and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (R.R.A.K., C.J.M.)
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