Transition-Metal-Catalyzed 1,2-Diaminations of Olefins: Synthetic Methodologies and Mechanistic Studies

1,2-Diamines are synthetically important motifs in organo-catalysis, natural products, and drug research. Continuous utilization of transition-metal based catalyst in direct 1,2-diamination of olefines, in contrast to metal-free transformations, with numerous impressive advances made in recent years (2015-2023). This review summarized contemporary research on the transition-metal catalyzed/mediated [e. g., Cu(II), Pd(II), Fe(II), Rh(III), Ir(III), and Co(II)] 1,2-diamination (asymmetric and non-asymmetric) especially emphasizing the recent synthetic methodologies and mechanistic understandings. Moreover, up-to-date discussion on (i) paramount role of oxidant and catalyst (ii) key achievements (iii) generality and uniqueness, (iv) synthetic limitations or future challenges, and (v) future opportunities are summarized related to this potential area.

Electrolysis promoted reductive amination of electron-deficient aldehydes/ketones: a green route to the racemic clopidogrel

An electrocatalytic reductive amination of electron-deficient aldehydes/ketones was developed, which could be used in the synthesis of functionalized tertiary amines and large scale preparation of racemic clopidogrel. A plausible mechanism involving an iminium cation intermediate was proposed.

A copper/O2-mediated direct sp3 C–H/N–H cross-dehydrogen coupling reaction of acylated amines and N-aryl glycine esters

We described a mild and efficient CDC reaction between N-aryl glycine esters and various acylated amines for the synthesis of α-amino α-amide acid esters with an excellent regioselectivity in the presence of copper salts.

Selectfluor-mediated highly selective radical dioxygenation of alkenes

Selectfluor mediated highly selective radical dioxygenation of alkenes using hydroxylamines and O₂ was achieved under mild conditions.

Metal-free intermolecular C–O cross-coupling reactions: synthesis of N-hydroxyimide esters

Selectfluor-mediated intermolecular C–O cross coupling reaction for the synthesis of N-hydroxyimide esters was achieved under metal-free conditions.