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Zhang ZF, Su MD. Understanding the Impact of Group 14 Elements on the Reactivity of [1 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction between a Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)carbene Analogue with a Group 14 Element and a Heavy Acetylene Molecule. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11219-11232. [PMID: 38833519 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Computational exploration using the density functional theory framework (M06-2X-D3/def2-TZVP) was undertaken to investigate the [1 + 2] cycloaddition reaction between a five-membered-ring heterocyclic carbene analogue (G14-Rea; G14 = group 14 element) and a heavy acetylene molecule (G14G14-Rea). It was theoretically observed that exclusively Si-Rea, Ge-Rea, and Sn-Rea demonstrate the capacity to participate in the [1 + 2] cycloaddition reaction with the triply bonded SiSi-Rea. In addition, only three heavy acetylenes (SiSi-Rea, GeGe-Rea, and SnSn-Rea) can catalyze the [1 + 2] cycloaddition reaction with Si-Rea. Our theoretical findings elucidated that the reactivity trend observed in these [1 + 2] cycloaddition reactions primarily arise from the deformation energies of the distorted G14G14-Rea. Also, our study reveals that the bonding characteristics of their respective transition states are controlled by the singlet-singlet interaction (donor-acceptor interaction), rather than the triplet-triplet interaction (electron-sharing interaction). Additionally, our work demonstrates that the bonding behavior between G14-Rea and G14G14-Rea is predominantly determined by the filled p-π orbital of G14G14-Rea (HOMO) → the empty perpendicular p-π orbital of G14-Rea (LUMO), rather than the vacant p-π* orbital of G14G14-Rea (LUMO) ← the filled sp2 orbital of G14-Rea (HOMO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Feng Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Der Su
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Akhtar R, Gaurav K, Khan S. Applications of low-valent compounds with heavy group-14 elements. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6150-6243. [PMID: 38757535 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00101j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, the low-valent compounds of group-14 elements have received significant attention in several fields of chemistry owing to their unique electronic properties. The low-valent group-14 species include tetrylenes, tetryliumylidene, tetrylones, dimetallenes and dimetallynes. These low-valent group-14 species have shown applications in various areas such as organic transformations (hydroboration, cyanosilylation, N-functionalisation of amines, and hydroamination), small molecule activation (e.g. P4, As4, CO2, CO, H2, alkene, and alkyne) and materials. This review presents an in-depth discussion on low-valent group-14 species-catalyzed reactions, including polymerization of rac-lactide, L-lactide, DL-lactide, and caprolactone, followed by their photophysical properties (phosphorescence and fluorescence), thin film deposition (atomic layer deposition and vapor phase deposition), and medicinal applications. This review concisely summarizes current developments of low-valent heavier group-14 compounds, covering synthetic methodologies, structural aspects, and their applications in various fields of chemistry. Finally, their opportunities and challenges are examined and emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruksana Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India.
| | - Kumar Gaurav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India.
| | - Shabana Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India.
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3
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Liu R, Mondal KC, Wang C, Suthar S, Fang Z, Zuo D, Li Y. Synthesis of SiN/SiS-heterocycles via the reactions of a bis-silylene with isocyanate/isothiocyanate molecules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1148-1151. [PMID: 38189208 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04950g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Reactions of o-carborane-fused bis-silylene 1 with isocyanate/isothiocyanate molecules furnished a series of SiN/SiS-heterocycles, which show distinct styles of cyclization and were theoretically studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
| | - Kartik Chandra Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Chenfeng Wang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
| | - Sonam Suthar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Zijie Fang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
| | - Darui Zuo
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
| | - Yan Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- Key Laboratory of Silicone Materials Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
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5
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Xue Y, Wang J, Shi Y, Xu W, Zhao Y, Wu B, Yang XJ. Assembly of metallo-macrocycles through reductive C-C coupling of alkylnitriles by an Mg-Mg-bonded compound. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:4394-4399. [PMID: 35194625 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00181k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Low-valent metal complexes have attracted much research interest owing to their novel reactivities toward small molecules. Herein the reactivity of the α-diimine-ligated, Mg-Mg-bonded compound [K(THF)3]2[LMg-MgL] (1, L = [(2,6-iPr2C6H3)NC(Me)]22-) with aliphatic nitriles has been studied. Complex 1 readily activates n-alkylnitriles (RCN; R = propyl, butyl, and pentyl) to afford the unique trinuclear magnesium metallo-macrocyclic complexes, [LMg(μ-{(NC-C(R)C(CH2R)-NH})]3[K3(Solv)6] (2-4: R = -(CH2)nCH3, n = 2, 3, or 4; Solv = THF/DME), through a reductive deprotonation of the α-H of one nitrile molecule and C-C coupling between this α-carbon and the cyanide (CN) group of another nitrile, followed by a 1,3-H shift. The results demonstrate the possibility of assembling supramolecular architectures based on the α-diimine [LMg] fragment through small molecule activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Xue
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jijiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yalei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Wenhua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yanxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Biao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiao-Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.,Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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Li J, Goffitzer DJ, Xiang M, Chen Y, Jiang W, Diefenbach M, Zhu H, Holthausen MC, Roesky HW. 1-Aza-2,4-disilabicyclo[1.1.0]butanes with Superelongated C-N σ-Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8244-8248. [PMID: 34037391 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Two silylene molecules oxidatively react under formal [1 + 2 + 1]-cycloaddition to the C≡N bond of nitriles to yield 1-aza-2,4-disilabicyclo[1.1.0]butanes (L)(Cl)Si[μ-η1,2-NC(p-RC6H4)]Si(Cl)(L) (L = PhC(NtBu)2, R = CF3 (2), F (3), Cl (4), Br (5)). The strongly folded bicyclic SiCNSi cores in 2-5 feature inverted bridgehead carbon atoms and superelongated C-N bonds [1.745(12) to 1.801(2) Å], exceeding the lengths of C-N single bonds in known silaaziridines by up to 23%. Detailed bonding analysis discloses C-N bonding interactions, sharing far-reaching similarities with the central C-C bond in [1.1.1]propellane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Daniel J Goffitzer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Meiyu Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yilin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wenjun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Martin Diefenbach
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Hongping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Max C Holthausen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Herbert W Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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7
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Ishida S, Uchida K, Mori M, Iwamoto T. Structures and Properties of Phenylene-Bridged 1,3-Diaza-2-silole and Related 2H
-Azasilirenes Obtained by the Reactions of a Dialkylsilylene with Arylnitriles. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Ishida
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 980-8578 Aoba-ku Sendai Japan
| | - Kenya Uchida
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 980-8578 Aoba-ku Sendai Japan
| | - Maiko Mori
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 980-8578 Aoba-ku Sendai Japan
| | - Takeaki Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 980-8578 Aoba-ku Sendai Japan
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8
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Rosenthal U. Reactions of Group 4 Metallocene Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene Complexes with Nitriles and Isonitriles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:14718-14735. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Rosenthal
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the; University of Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29A 18059 Rostock Germany
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9
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Rosenthal U. Reaktionen von Gruppe-4-Metallocen-Komplexen des Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylens mit Nitrilen und Isonitrilen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U. Rosenthal
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Straße 29A 18059 Rostock Deutschland
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10
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Ishida S, Tamura T, Iwamoto T. Dearomative cycloadditions of a silylene with pyrazine and quinoxaline. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:11317-11321. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02802h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The dearomative cycloaddition of a dialkylsilylene with pyrazine affords an eight-membered heterocyclic compound with a trans-cycloalkene moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Ishida
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Tomofumi Tamura
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Takeaki Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
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11
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Kosai T, Ishida S, Iwamoto T. A Two-Coordinate Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)silylene: Balancing Thermal Stability and Reactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:15554-15558. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201608736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Kosai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Shintaro Ishida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Takeaki Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
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12
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Kosai T, Ishida S, Iwamoto T. A Two-Coordinate Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)silylene: Balancing Thermal Stability and Reactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201608736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Kosai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Shintaro Ishida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Takeaki Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
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13
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Xiao XQ, Liu X, Lu Q, Li Z, Lai G, Kira M. Reactions of an Isolable Dialkylsilylene with Aroyl Chlorides. A New Route to Aroylsilanes. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21101376. [PMID: 27754460 PMCID: PMC6273370 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The reactions of isolable dialkylsilylene 1 with aromatic acyl chlorides afforded aroylsilanes 3a–3c exclusively. Aroylsilanes 3a–3c were characterized by 1H-, 13C-, and 29Si-NMR spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), and single-crystal molecular structure analysis. The reaction mechanisms are discussed in comparison with related reaction of 1 with chloroalkanes and chlorosilanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Qiong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Xupeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Qiong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Zhifang Li
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Guoqiao Lai
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Mitsuo Kira
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
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14
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Li J, Ma B, Cui C. Selective Silylation of Nitriles with an NHC-Stabilized Silylene to 1,2-Disilylimines and Subsequent Synthesis of Silaaziridines. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Ma
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunming Cui
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
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Xiao XQ, Dong Z, Li Z, Yan C, Lai G, Kira M. 1,3-Diazasilabicyclo[1.1.0]butane with a Long Bridging N−N Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Qiong Xiao
- Hangzhou Normal University; Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education; No. 58 Haishu Rd. Hangzhou 311121 Zhejiang China
| | - Zhaowen Dong
- Hangzhou Normal University; Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education; No. 58 Haishu Rd. Hangzhou 311121 Zhejiang China
| | - Zhifang Li
- Hangzhou Normal University; Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education; No. 58 Haishu Rd. Hangzhou 311121 Zhejiang China
| | - Chenting Yan
- Hangzhou Normal University; Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education; No. 58 Haishu Rd. Hangzhou 311121 Zhejiang China
| | - Guoqiao Lai
- Hangzhou Normal University; Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education; No. 58 Haishu Rd. Hangzhou 311121 Zhejiang China
| | - Mitsuo Kira
- Hangzhou Normal University; Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education; No. 58 Haishu Rd. Hangzhou 311121 Zhejiang China
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Xiao XQ, Dong Z, Li Z, Yan C, Lai G, Kira M. 1,3-Diazasilabicyclo[1.1.0]butane with a Long Bridging N-N Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:3758-62. [PMID: 26855202 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A 1,3-diazasilabicyclo[1.1.0]butane (1) is synthesized as thermally stable crystals by using the cycloaddition reaction of an isolable dialkylsilylene with aziadamantane. The bridge N-N bond length of 1 (1.70 Å) is the longest among those of known N-N singly-bonded compounds, including side-on bridged transition-metal dinitrogen complexes. The compound 1 is intact in air but moisture sensitive. No reaction occurs with hydrogen, even under pressure at 0.5 MPa. Irradiation of 1 with light gives an isomer quantitatively by N-N and adamantyl C-C bond cleavage. The origin of the remarkable N-N bond elongation is ascribed to significant interaction between a Si-C σ* and Ν-Ν π and σ orbitals as determined by DFT calculations of model compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Qiong Xiao
- Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, No. 58 Haishu Rd., Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaowen Dong
- Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, No. 58 Haishu Rd., Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhifang Li
- Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, No. 58 Haishu Rd., Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chenting Yan
- Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, No. 58 Haishu Rd., Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guoqiao Lai
- Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, No. 58 Haishu Rd., Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mitsuo Kira
- Hangzhou Normal University, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, No. 58 Haishu Rd., Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
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Becker L, Arndt P, Spannenberg A, Jiao H, Rosenthal U. Formation of Tri- and Tetranuclear Titanacycles through Decamethyltitanocene-Mediated Intermolecular C-C Coupling of Dinitriles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:5523-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201500109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Becker L, Arndt P, Spannenberg A, Jiao H, Rosenthal U. Bildung drei- und vierkerniger Titanacyclen durch [Cp*2Ti]-vermittelte intermolekulare C-C-Kupplung von Dinitrilen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201500109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Becker L, Haehnel M, Spannenberg A, Arndt P, Rosenthal U. Reactions of group 4 metallocenes with monosubstituted acetonitriles: keteniminate formation versus C-C coupling. Chemistry 2015; 21:3242-8. [PMID: 25641093 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of the Group 4 metallocene dichlorides [Cp'2 MCl2 ] (1 a: M=Ti, Cp'=Cp*=η(5) -pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, 1 b: M=Zr, Cp'=Cp=η(5) -cyclopentadienyl) with lithiated MesCH2-C≡N gave [Cp*2 TiCl(N=C=C(HMes))] (3; Mes=mesityl) in the case of 1 a. For compound 1 b, a nitrile-nitrile coupling resulted in a five-membered bridge in 4. The reaction of the metallocene alkyne complex [Cp*2 Zr(η(2) -Me3 SiC2 SiMe3 )] (2) with PhCH2 C≡N led in the first step to the unstable product [Cp*2 Zr(η(2) -Me3 SiC2 SiMe3 )(NC=CH2 Ph)] (5). After the elimination of the alkyne, a mixture of products was formed. By variation of the solvent and the reaction temperature, three compounds were isolated: a diazadiene complex 6, a bis(keteniminate) complex 7, and 8 with a keteniminate ligand and a five-membered metallacycle. Subsequent variation of the Cp ligand and the metal center by using [Cp2 Zr] and [Cp*2 Ti] with Me3 SiC2 SiMe3 in the reactions with PhCH2-C≡N gave complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne Becker
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock (Germany), Fax: (+49) 381-1281-51176
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20
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Dong Z, Xiao XQ, Li Z, Lu Q, Lai G, Kira M. Elusive 2H-1,2-oxasiletes through reactions of an isolable dialkylsilylene with diazocarbonyl compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:9471-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01224d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of isolable dialkysilylene 1 with compounds 5 and 6 gave elusive silacycles, 2H-1,2-oxasiletes 2 and 3, respectively, with releasing dinitrogen. In contrast, six-membered cyclic diazo compound 8 was obtained in a good yield by the reaction of 1 with less reactive 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology
- Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310012
- P. R. China
| | - Xu-Qiong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology
- Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310012
- P. R. China
| | - Zhifang Li
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology
- Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310012
- P. R. China
| | - Qiong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology
- Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310012
- P. R. China
| | - Guoqiao Lai
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology
- Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310012
- P. R. China
| | - Mitsuo Kira
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology
- Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310012
- P. R. China
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21
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Liu X, Xiao XQ, Xu Z, Yang X, Li Z, Dong Z, Yan C, Lai G, Kira M. Reactions of an Isolable Dialkylsilylene with Carbon Dioxide and Related Heterocumulenes. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500736h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xupeng Liu
- Key Laboratory
of Organosilicon
Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu-Qiong Xiao
- Key Laboratory
of Organosilicon
Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory
of Organosilicon
Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuemin Yang
- Key Laboratory
of Organosilicon
Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhifang Li
- Key Laboratory
of Organosilicon
Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaowen Dong
- Key Laboratory
of Organosilicon
Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenting Yan
- Key Laboratory
of Organosilicon
Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoqiao Lai
- Key Laboratory
of Organosilicon
Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mitsuo Kira
- Key Laboratory
of Organosilicon
Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Becker L, Strehler F, Korb M, Arndt P, Spannenberg A, Baumann W, Lang H, Rosenthal U. Unusual nitrile-nitrile and nitrile-alkyne coupling of Fc-C≡N and FC-C≡C-C≡N. Chemistry 2014; 20:3061-8. [PMID: 24615841 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of the Group 4 metallocene alkyne complexes, [Cp*2M(η2-Me3SiC2SiMe3)] (1 a: M=Ti, 1 b: M=Zr, Cp*=η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl), with the ferrocenyl nitriles, Fc-CN and Fc-C≡C-C≡N (Fc=Fe(η5-C5H5)(η5-C5H4)), is described. In case of Fc-C≡N an unusual nitrile–nitrile C-C homocoupling was observed and 1-metalla-2,5-diaza-cyclopenta-2,4-dienes (3 a, b) were obtained. As the first step of the reaction with 1 b, the nitrile was coordinated to give [Cp*2Zr(η2-Me3SiC2SiMe3)(N≡C-Fc)] (2 b). The reactions with the 3-ferrocenyl-2-propyne-nitrile FcC≡C-C≡N lead to an alkyne–nitrile C-C coupling of two substrates and the formation of 1-metalla-2-aza-cyclopenta-2,4-dienes (4 a, b). For M=Zr, the compound is stabilized by dimerization as evidenced by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis. The electrochemical behavior of 3 a, b and 4 a, b was investigated, showing decomposition after oxidation, leading to different redox-active products.
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Becker L, Arndt P, Spannenberg A, Rosenthal U. Reactions ofrac-(ebthi)M(η2-Me3SiC2SiMe3) (M=Ti, Zr) with Aryl Nitriles. Chemistry 2014; 20:12595-600. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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