1
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Doraghi F, Morshedsolouk MH, Zahedi NA, Larijani B, Mahdavi M. Phthalimides: developments in synthesis and functionalization. RSC Adv 2024; 14:22809-22827. [PMID: 39035712 PMCID: PMC11259108 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03859b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Phthalimides, an important class of biologically active N-heterocycles, are not only found in pharmaceuticals, natural products, agrochemicals, polymers, and dyes, but also serve as building blocks in organic transformations. Many synthetic methods, including metal catalysis and metal-free systems, have been developed to prepare functionalized phthalimides. In this review, we describe the developments in the synthesis and functionalization of phthalimides over the past two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Doraghi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Morshedsolouk
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Nawrooz Ali Zahedi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Ghazni University Ghazni Afghanistan
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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2
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Neerathilingam N, Prabhu S, Anandhan R. A facile synthesis of phthalimides from o-phthalaldehyde and amines via tandem cyclocondensation and α-C-H oxidation by an electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:7707-7711. [PMID: 37702002 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01031g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical synthesis of phthalimides from o-phthalaldehyde and amines via tandem cyclocondensation and α-C-H oxygenation of isoindolinone was achieved. The α-C-H oxidation proceeded with molecular oxygen via an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on the cathode under electrochemical conditions. The synthetic utility of this protocol was successfully demonstrated by employing gram-scale synthesis and obtaining bioactive molecules such as thalidomide and 2-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-5-hydroxyisoindoline-1,3-dione. Mechanistic studies and control experiments indicate that molecular oxygen provides oxygen atoms for the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sakthivel Prabhu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai - 600 025, India.
| | - Ramasamy Anandhan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai - 600 025, India.
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3
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Bjerg EE, Marchán-García J, Buxaderas E, Moglie Y, Radivoy G. Oxidative α-Functionalization of 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinolines Catalyzed by a Magnetically Recoverable Copper Nanocatalyst. Application in the Aza-Henry Reaction and the Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydroisoquinolones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13480-13493. [PMID: 36154121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative α-functionalization of 2-aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) promoted by a versatile heterogeneous nanocatalyst consisting of copper nanoparticles immobilized on silica-coated maghemite (CuNPs/MagSilica) has been accomplished. The methodology was successfully applied in the cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction of N-aryl THIQs and other tertiary amines with nitromethane as a pro-nucleophile (aza-Henry reaction) and the α-oxidation of THIQs with O2 as a green oxidant. Phosphite, alkyne, or indole derivatives were also shown to be suitable candidates for their use as pro-nucleophiles in the CDC reaction with THIQs. The catalyst, with very low copper loading (0.4-1.0 mol % Cu), could be easily recovered by means of an external magnet and reused in four cycles without significant loss of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban E Bjerg
- Instituto de Química del Sur, INQUISUR (CONICET-UNS), Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Avenida Alem 1253, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Joaquín Marchán-García
- Instituto de Química del Sur, INQUISUR (CONICET-UNS), Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Avenida Alem 1253, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Buxaderas
- Instituto de Química del Sur, INQUISUR (CONICET-UNS), Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Avenida Alem 1253, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Yanina Moglie
- Instituto de Química del Sur, INQUISUR (CONICET-UNS), Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Avenida Alem 1253, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Gabriel Radivoy
- Instituto de Química del Sur, INQUISUR (CONICET-UNS), Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Avenida Alem 1253, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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4
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Xing Q, Xiao F, Mao G, Deng GJ. A Four-Component Reaction for the Synthesis of Thienopyrrolediones under Transition Metal Free Conditions. Org Lett 2022; 24:4377-4382. [PMID: 35695322 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A three-starting-material four-component reaction strategy is described to construct thienopyrrolediones (TPDs) from the simplest raw materials, elemental sulfur, aldehydes, and β-ketoamides, under transition metal free conditions. Compared with traditional multistep reaction sequences, this process is simple, efficient, environmentally friendly, and atom-economic and has laid the foundation for further development of an easily synthesized TPD unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyan Xing
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Application, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Fuhong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Application, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Guojiang Mao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Application, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
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5
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Wen X, Liu X, Yang Z, Xie M, Liu Y, Long L, Chen Z. "On water" nano-Cu 2O-catalyzed CO-free one-pot multicomponent cascade cyanation-annulation-aminolysis reaction toward phthalimides. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1738-1743. [PMID: 33543173 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00073j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
An efficient nano-Cu2O-catalyzed cascade multicomponent reaction of 2-halobenzoic acids and trimethylsilyl cyanide with diverse amines was developed using water as a solvent, affording versatile N-substituted phthalimide derivatives in moderate to excellent yields. This novel strategy features carbon monoxide gas-free, environmentally benign, one-pot multistep transformation, commercially available reagents, a cheap catalyst without any additives, wide functional group tolerance, and operational convenience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Zhiqi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Menglan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Yuxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Lipeng Long
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Zhengwang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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6
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Thapa P, Palacios PM, Tran T, Pierce BS, Foss FW. 1,2-Disubstituted Benzimidazoles by the Iron Catalyzed Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Isomeric o-Phenylenediamine Substrates. J Org Chem 2020; 85:1991-2009. [PMID: 31928002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Benzimidazoles are common in nature, medicines, and materials. Numerous strategies for preparing 2-arylbenzimidazoles exist. In this work, 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles were prepared from various mono- and disubstituted ortho-phenylenediamines (OPD) by iron-catalyzed oxidative coupling. Specifically, O2 and FeCl3·6H2O catalyzed the cross-dehydrogenative coupling and aromatization of diarylmethyl and dialkyl benzimidazole precursors. N,N'-Disubstituted-OPD substrates were significantly more reactive than their N,N-disubstituted isomers, which appears to be relative to their propensity for complexation and charge transfer with Fe3+. The reaction also converted N-monosubstituted OPD substrates to 2-substituted benzimidazoles; however, electron-poor substrates produce 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles by intermolecular imino-transfer. Kinetic, reagent, and spectroscopic (UV-vis and EPR) studies suggest a mechanism involving metal-substrate complexation, charge transfer, and aerobic turnover, involving high-valent Fe(IV) intermediates. Overall, comparative strategies for the relatively sustainable and efficient synthesis of 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Thapa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas Arlington , Arlington , Texas 76019-0065 , United States
| | - Philip M Palacios
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas Arlington , Arlington , Texas 76019-0065 , United States
| | - Tam Tran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas Arlington , Arlington , Texas 76019-0065 , United States
| | - Brad S Pierce
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa , Alabama 35487 , United States
| | - Frank W Foss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas Arlington , Arlington , Texas 76019-0065 , United States
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7
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Zhang X, Cui T, Zhao X, Liu P, Sun P. Electrochemical Difunctionalization of Alkenes by a Four‐Component Reaction Cascade Mumm Rearrangement: Rapid Access to Functionalized Imides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:3465-3469. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution ControlJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsNanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Ting Cui
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution ControlJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsNanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution ControlJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsNanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Ping Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution ControlJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsNanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Peipei Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution ControlJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsNanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
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8
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Zhang X, Cui T, Zhao X, Liu P, Sun P. Electrochemical Difunctionalization of Alkenes by a Four‐Component Reaction Cascade Mumm Rearrangement: Rapid Access to Functionalized Imides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution ControlJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsNanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Ting Cui
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution ControlJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsNanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution ControlJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsNanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Ping Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution ControlJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsNanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Peipei Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Cycle Processes and Pollution ControlJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional MaterialsNanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
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9
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Li X, Zhao H, Chen X, Jiang H, Zhang M. Copper-catalysed oxidative α-C(sp3)–H nitroalkylation of (hetero)arene-fused cyclic amines. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01208g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Under aerobic copper catalysis, a direct α-C(sp3)–H nitroalkylation of N-unsubstituted (hetero)arene-fused cyclic amines with nitroalkanes has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Li
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - He Zhao
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Xiuwen Chen
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen 529020
- P. R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
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10
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Ranjith J, Krishna PR. Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative C-H Bond Functionalization of N-Allylbenzamide for Regioselective C-N and C-O Bond Formation. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:1448-1451. [PMID: 30859739 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Copper-catalyzed oxidative couplings of N-allylbenzamides for C-N and C-O bond formations have been developed through C-H bond functionalization. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, it was applied to the synthesis of β-aminoimides and imides. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first examples in which different classes of N-containing compounds have been directly prepared from the readily available N-allylbenzamides using an inexpensive catalyst/oxidant/base (CuSO4 /TBHP/Cs2 CO3 ) system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jala Ranjith
- Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Palakodety Radha Krishna
- Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
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11
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Thatikonda T, Deepake SK, Das U. α-Angelica Lactone in a New Role: Facile Access to N-Aryl Tetrahydroisoquinolinones and Isoindolinones via Organocatalytic α-CH2 Oxygenation. Org Lett 2019; 21:2532-2535. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thanusha Thatikonda
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR − National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Siddharth K. Deepake
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR − National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Utpal Das
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR − National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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12
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Thapa P, Corral E, Sardar S, Pierce BS, Foss FW. Isoindolinone Synthesis: Selective Dioxane-Mediated Aerobic Oxidation of Isoindolines. J Org Chem 2018; 84:1025-1034. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Thapa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Esai Corral
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Sinjinee Sardar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Brad S. Pierce
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Frank W. Foss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
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13
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Dahiya A, Ali W, Alam T, Patel BK. A cascade synthesis of S-allyl benzoylcarbamothioates via Mumm-type rearrangement. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:7787-7791. [PMID: 30324952 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02293c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A catalyst and solvent free synthesis of S-allyl benzoylcarbamothioates has been achieved from the in situ generated benzoylcarbonimidothioates obtained by reacting MBH alcohols with aroyl isothiocyanates. An intramolecular thia-Michael addition of the in situ generated adduct triggers a Mumm-type rearrangement leading to a stereoselective synthesis of highly functionalised S-allyl benzoylcarbamothioates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Dahiya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.
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14
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Wang H, Man Y, Wang K, Wan X, Tong L, Li N, Tang B. Hydrogen bond directed aerobic oxidation of amines via photoredox catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:10989-10992. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06603e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An application of H-bonding interactions for directing the α-C–H oxidation of amines to amides and amino-ketones catalyzed by an organic photocatalyst with high yields and a wide substrate scope is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
| | - Yunquan Man
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
| | - Kaiye Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
| | - Xiuyan Wan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
| | - Lili Tong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
| | - Na Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
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15
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Griffiths RJ, Burley GA, Talbot EPA. Transition-Metal-Free Amine Oxidation: A Chemoselective Strategy for the Late-Stage Formation of Lactams. Org Lett 2017; 19:870-873. [PMID: 28177642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A metal-free strategy for the formation of lactams via selective oxidation of cyclic secondary and tertiary amines is described. Molecular iodine facilitates both chemoselective and regioselective oxidation of C-H bonds directly adjacent to a cyclic amine. The mild conditions, functional group tolerance, and substrate scope are demonstrated using a suite of diverse small molecule cyclic amines, including clinically approved drug scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Griffiths
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre , Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K.,Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde , 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Glenn A Burley
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde , 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Eric P A Talbot
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre , Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
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16
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An efficient synthesis of N-substituted phthalimides using SiO2-tpy-Nb as heterogeneous and reusable catalyst. CATAL COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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17
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Wang M, Lu J, Ma J, Zhang Z, Wang F. Cuprous Oxide Catalyzed Oxidative CC Bond Cleavage for CN Bond Formation: Synthesis of Cyclic Imides from Ketones and Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201508071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023 (China)
| | - Jianmin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023 (China)
| | - Jiping Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023 (China)
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023 (China)
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023 (China)
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18
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Wang M, Lu J, Ma J, Zhang Z, Wang F. Cuprous Oxide Catalyzed Oxidative CC Bond Cleavage for CN Bond Formation: Synthesis of Cyclic Imides from Ketones and Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:14061-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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20
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Fuse S, Takahashi R, Takahashi T. Facile, One-Step Synthesis of 5-Substituted Thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione by Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Amidation. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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21
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Yan X, Xi C. Conversion of zirconacyclopentadienes into metalloles: Fagan-Nugent reaction and beyond. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:935-46. [PMID: 25831225 DOI: 10.1021/ar500429f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metalloles are derivatives of cyclopentadiene in which the methylene unit is replaced by a heteroatom, such as S, Se, Te, N, P, As, Sb, Bi, Si, Ge, Sn, B, Al, Ga, and so on. Many metallole derivatives have been widely used as photovoltaic cells, organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), chemical sensors, electrochromic devices, microelectronic actuators, and organic field effect transistors (OFETs). In the meantime, many of them showed promising biological actives. Due to the similarity to cyclopentadiene, the anionic forms of metalloles were also widely explored in coordination chemistry. As a result, development of a general method for the formation of metalloles from available starting materials is highly desired. In this Account, we outline formation of various p-block element metalloles from zirconacyclopentadienes. The zirconacyclopentadienes can be easily prepared from two molecules of alkynes and a low-valent zirconocene species "Cp2Zr(II)" (Cp = cyclopentadienyl). Fagan and Nugent first reported the formation of main group metalloles from zirconacyclopentadiene, which provided a versatile approach for the construction of metalloles, especially for the formation of metalloles in heavier p-block elements. To further expand the substrate scope, a number of stepwise conversions were developed, which involve 1,4-dimetallo- or dihalo-1,3-butadiene as intermediates from zirconacyclopentadienes. Here, four processes are classified based on direct and indirect conversion of zirconacyclopentadienes into metalloles. Direct reaction of zirconacyclopentadienes with element halides afforded heterocycles of main group elements, which provided a versatile method for the synthesis of metalloles. Nonetheless, the reaction scope was restricted to heavier p-block elements such as S, Se, P, As, Sb, Bi, Ge, Sn, Ga, and In. And these reactions usually suffered low yields and long reaction time. Transmetalation of zirconacyclopentadiene with copper chloride greatly enriched the zirconacyclopentadiene chemistry. The synthesis of stannoles and pyrroles from zirconacyclopentadienes has been developed in the presence of CuCl. The direct reaction of the zirconacyclopentadienes with SiCl4 or R2SiCl2 does not give the desired silacyclopendadiene derivatives, even in the presence of CuCl. It can be circumvented by using dilithiated dienes from diiododienes, which are easily prepared by the iodination of zirconacyclopentadienes using CuCl as an additive. Finally, an umpolung strategy, reaction of electrophilic 1,4-diiodo-1,3-butadiene with nucleophilic amine or sulfide reagents, was successfully used in the formation of pyrroles and thiophenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chanjuan Xi
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Copper-Catalyzed Synthesis of Imides from Aldehydes or Alcohols and Amine Hydrochloride Salts. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Zhang Y, Pan L, Zou Y, Xu X, Liu Q. Double oxidation of α-(alkylideneamino)nitriles to imides by molecular oxygen under mild basic conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:14334-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06481j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bedi A, Debnath S, Chandak HS, Zade SS. Phenyl-capped cyclopenta[c]chalcogenophenes: synthesis, crystal structures, electrochemistry and theoretical insights. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05687f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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