1
|
Barlow SR, Halcovitch NR, Evans NH. A pyridine- N-oxide catenane for cation recognition. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:3001-3008. [PMID: 38526411 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00176a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The rapid preparation of a pyridine-N-oxide containing [2]catenane is described. The [2]catenane was characterized by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and X-ray single crystal structure determination. 1H NMR titration experiments reveal the [2]catenane may be reversibly protonated, as well as an ability to bind lithium cations more strongly than sodium cations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean R Barlow
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK.
| | | | - Nicholas H Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Min Tay H, Johnson TG, Docker A, Langton MJ, Beer PD. Exploiting the Catenane Mechanical Bond Effect for Selective Halide Anion Transmembrane Transport. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312745. [PMID: 37772928 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
The first examples of [2]catenanes capable of selective anion transport across a lipid bilayer are reported. The neutral halogen bonding (XB) [2]catenanes were prepared via a chloride template-directed strategy in an unprecedented demonstration of using XB⋅⋅⋅anion interactions to direct catenane assembly from all-neutral components. Anion binding experiments in aqueous-organic solvent media revealed strong halide over oxoanion selectivity, and a marked enhancement in the chloride and bromide affinities of the catenanes relative to their constituent macrocycles. The catenanes additionally displayed an anti-Hofmeister binding preference for bromide over the larger iodide anion, illustrating the efficacy of employing sigma-hole interactions in conjunction with the mechanical bond effect to tune receptor selectivity. Transmembrane anion transport studies conducted in POPC LUVs revealed that the catenanes were more effective anion transporters than the constituent macrocycles, with high chloride over hydroxide selectivity, which is critical to potential therapeutic applications of anionophores. Remarkably these outperform existing acyclic halogen bonding anionophores with regards to this selectivity. Record chloride over nitrate anion transport selectivity was also observed. This represents a rare example of the direct translation of intrinsic anion binding affinities to anion transport behaviour, and demonstrates the key role of the catenane mechanical bond effect for enhanced anion transport selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Min Tay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Toby G Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Docker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Langton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D Beer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tay HM, Tse YC, Docker A, Gateley C, Thompson AL, Kuhn H, Zhang Z, Beer PD. Halogen-Bonding Heteroditopic [2]Catenanes for Recognition of Alkali Metal/Halide Ion Pairs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214785. [PMID: 36440816 PMCID: PMC10108176 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The first examples of halogen bonding (XB) heteroditopic homo[2]catenanes were prepared by discrete Na+ template-directed assembly of oligo(ethylene glycol) units derived from XB donor-containing macrocycles and acyclic bis-azide precursors, followed by a CuI -mediated azide-alkyne cycloaddition macrocyclisation reaction. Extensive 1 H NMR spectroscopic studies show the [2]catenane hosts exhibit positive cooperative ion-pair recognition behaviour, wherein XB-mediated halide recognition is enhanced by alkali metal cation pre-complexation. Notably, subtle changes in the catenanes' oligo(ethylene glycol) chain length dramatically alters their ion-binding affinity, stoichiometry, complexation mode, and conformational dynamics. Solution-phase and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies provide evidence for competing host-separated and direct-contact ion-pair binding modes. We further demonstrate the [2]catenanes are capable of extracting solid alkali-metal halide salts into organic media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Min Tay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Yuen Cheong Tse
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Andrew Docker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Christian Gateley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Amber L Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Heike Kuhn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Zongyao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Paul D Beer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dey SK, Harmalkar SS, Yadav RKHO, Lama P, Das G. Structure directing roles of weak noncovalent interactions and charge-assisted hydrogen bonds in the self-assembly of solvated podands: Example of an anion-assisted dimeric water capsule. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00180b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Crystal structures of two new podand molecules (1 and 2) synthesized from 1,3,5-tris(bromomethyl)mesitylene and two bromide salts of tris(4-amino-N-ethylbenzamide)amine (3) were elucidated to witness the structure directing roles of weak...
Collapse
|
5
|
Lai Z, Zhao T, Sessler JL, He Q. Bis–Calix[4]pyrroles: Preparation, structure, complexation properties and beyond. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
6
|
Nandi M, Santra S, Akhuli B, Ghosh P. Threading of various ‘U’ shaped bidentate axles into a heteroditopic macrocyclic wheel via NiII/CuII templation. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:7421-7433. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00699c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The NiII/CuII templated threading of various terminal group embedded ‘U’ shaped axles into an amido–amine macrocyclic wheel towards the development of a new generation of [2]pseudorotaxanes via [3 + 2] coordination assisted by other non-covalent interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandira Nandi
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Saikat Santra
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Bidyut Akhuli
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Pradyut Ghosh
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Romero JR, Aragay G, Ballester P. Ion-pair recognition by a neutral [2]rotaxane based on a bis-calix[4]pyrrole cyclic component. Chem Sci 2017; 8:491-498. [PMID: 28451196 PMCID: PMC5341206 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc03554j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report our investigations on the synthesis of a [2]rotaxane based on a bis(calix[4]pyrrole) cyclic component and a 3,5-bis-amidepyridyl-N-oxide derivative axle. We isolated the [2]rotaxane in a significant 50% yield through an optimized "in situ" capping strategy using the copper(i)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction. The synthetic precursor of the [2]rotaxane, featuring [2]pseudorotaxane topology, could be quantitatively assembled in solution in the presence of one equivalent of tetrabutylammonium chloride or cyanate salts producing a four-particle aggregate. However, we observed that the addition of the salt was deleterious not only for the isolation of the [2]rotaxane in its pure form but, more important, for the optimal performance of the copper catalyst. We probed the interaction of the prepared [2]rotaxane with tetraalkylammonium salts of chloride, nitrate and cyanate anions by means of 1H NMR titrations and ITC experiments. We show that in chloroform solution the [2]rotaxane functions as an efficient heteroditopic receptor for the salts forming thermodynamically and kinetically highly stable ion-paired complexes with 1 : 1 stoichiometry. At millimolar concentration and using 1H NMR spectroscopy we observed that the addition of more than 1 equiv. of the salt induced the gradual disassembly of the 1 : 1 complex of the [2]rotaxane and the concomitant formation of higher stoichiometry aggregates i.e. 2 : 1 complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Ramón Romero
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Avgda. Països Catalans 16 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain .
| | - Gemma Aragay
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Avgda. Països Catalans 16 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain .
| | - Pablo Ballester
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ) , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Avgda. Països Catalans 16 , 43007 Tarragona , Spain .
- ICREA , Passeig Lluís Companys, 23 , 08010 Barcelona , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Evans NH, Gell CE, Peach MJG. The synthesis of a pyridine-N-oxide isophthalamide rotaxane utilizing supplementary amide hydrogen bond interactions. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:7972-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01435f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A pyridine-N-oxide containing rotaxane has been prepared in 32% yield. The role of macrocycle structure in successful pseudo-rotaxane formation has been rationalised by a combination of NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography and computational modelling.
Collapse
|
9
|
Shang J, Zhao W, Li X, Wang Y, Jiang H. Aryl-triazole foldamers incorporating a pyridinium motif for halide anion binding in aqueous media. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:4505-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc10422j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aryl-triazole foldamers incorporating a pyridinium motif are shown to be strongly halide anion binding in aqueous solvent mixtures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Xichen Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| | - Hua Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hu J, Chen L, Shen J, Luo J, Deng P, Ren Y, Zeng H, Feng W, Yuan L. Convergent heteroditopic cyclo[6]aramides as macrocyclic ion-pair receptors for constructing [2]pseudorotaxanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:8024-7. [PMID: 24918355 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02557a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A strategy of using amide groups as the only functionality was developed to construct convergent heteroditopic cyclo[6]aramides that are able to strongly bind dibutylammonium chloride in chloroform (>10(5) M(-1)), leading to the formation of [2]pseudorotaxanes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinchuan Hu
- Key Laboratory for Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Saha S, Santra S, Ghosh P. [2]Pseudorotaxane composed of heteroditopic macrobicycle and pyridine N-oxide based axle: recognition site dependent axle orientation. Org Lett 2015; 17:1854-7. [PMID: 25825821 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A strategy for threading an axle having a hydrogen bond acceptor unit in the cavity of a C3v symmetric amido-amine macrobicycle is investigated. The macrobicycle acts as a wheel in its neutral as well as triprotonated states to form threaded architectures with a pyridine N-oxide derivative. The negative oxygen dipole of the axle is capable of [2]pseudorotaxane formation in two different orientations with the wheel in its neutral and triprotonated states.
Collapse
|
12
|
Řezanka M, Langton MJ, Beer PD. Anion recognition in water by a rotaxane containing a secondary rim functionalised cyclodextrin stoppered axle. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:4499-502. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc00171d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a water soluble [2]rotaxane is reported using hydrophilic secondary rim functionalised permethylated β-cyclodextrin derivatives as the axle stopper groups. The rotaxane recognises halide anions in pure water with impressive selectivity over sulfate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Řezanka
- Institute for Nanomaterials
- Advanced Technologies and Innovation
- Technical University of Liberec
- 461 17 Liberec
- Czech Republic
| | - Matthew J. Langton
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3TA
- UK
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3TA
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Goswami S, Das S, Aich K. Fluorescent chemodosimeter based on spirobenzopyran for organophosphorus nerve agent mimics (DCP). RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01216c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new chromogenic as well as fluorogenic protocol based on the spirobenzopyran system for the selective detection of nerve agent mimics (diethyl chlorophosphate or DCP vapour) within a few seconds (∼30 s) is designed, synthesized and characterized in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shyamaprosad Goswami
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Shibpur
- India
| | - Sangita Das
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Shibpur
- India
| | - Krishnendu Aich
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Shibpur
- India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lim JYC, Cunningham MJ, Davis JJ, Beer PD. Neutral redox-active hydrogen- and halogen-bonding [2]rotaxanes for the electrochemical sensing of chloride. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:17274-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02591a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
15
|
Knighton RC, Beer PD. Axle component separated ion-pair recognition by a neutral heteroditopic [2]rotaxane. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:1540-2. [PMID: 24382563 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc48905a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A neutral heteroditopic pyridine N-oxide axle containing [2]rotaxane, synthesised via sodium cation templation, displays cooperative recognition of alkali metal cation-halide anion ion-pairs in an unprecedented axle component separated ion-pair binding fashion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Knighton
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Evans NH, Beer PD. Advances in anion supramolecular chemistry: from recognition to chemical applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:11716-54. [PMID: 25204549 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201309937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 415] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since the start of this millennium, remarkable progress in the binding and sensing of anions has been taking place, driven in part by discoveries in the use of hydrogen bonding, as well as the previously under-exploited anion-π interactions and halogen bonding. However, anion supramolecular chemistry has developed substantially beyond anion recognition, and now encompasses a diverse range of disciplines. Dramatic advance has been made in the anion-templated synthesis of macrocycles and interlocked molecular architectures, while the study of transmembrane anion transporters has flourished from almost nothing into a rapidly maturing field of research. The supramolecular chemistry of anions has also found real practical use in a variety of applications such as catalysis, ion extraction, and the use of anions as stimuli for responsive chemical systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas H Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB (UK).
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Evans NH, Beer PD. Supramolekulare Chemie von Anionen: von der Erkennung zur chemischen Anwendung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201309937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|