1
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Wilmore JT, Beer PD. Exploiting the Mechanical Bond Effect for Enhanced Molecular Recognition and Sensing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309098. [PMID: 38174657 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The ubiquity of charged species in biological and industrial processes has resulted in ever-increasing interest in their selective recognition, detection, and environmental remediation. Building on the established coordination chemistry principles of the chelate and macrocyclic effects, and host preorganization, supramolecular chemists seek to construct specific 3D binding cavities reminiscent of biotic systems to enhance host-guest binding affinity and selectivity. Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) present a wholly unique platform for synthetic host design, wherein topologies afforded by the mechanical bond enable the decoration of 3D cavities for non-covalent interactions with a range of target guest geometries. Notably, MIM host systems exhibit mechanical bond effect augmented affinities and selectivities for a variety of charged guest species, compared to non-interlocked acyclic and macrocycle host analogs. Furthermore, the modular nature of MIM synthesis facilitates incorporation of optical and electrochemical reporter groups, enabling fabrication of highly sensitive and specific molecular sensors. This review discusses the development of recognition and sensing MIMs, from the first reports in the late 20th century through to the present day, delineating how their topologically preorganized and dynamic host cavities enhance charged guest recognition and sensing, demonstrating the mechanical bond effect as a potent tool in future chemosensing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie T Wilmore
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Rd, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Paul D Beer
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Rd, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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2
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Vaas S, Zimmermann MO, Schollmeyer D, Stahlecker J, Engelhardt MU, Rheinganz J, Drotleff B, Olfert M, Lämmerhofer M, Kramer M, Stehle T, Boeckler FM. Principles and Applications of CF 2X Moieties as Unconventional Halogen Bond Donors in Medicinal Chemistry, Chemical Biology, and Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2023; 66:10202-10225. [PMID: 37487500 PMCID: PMC10424184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
As an orthogonal principle to the established (hetero)aryl halides, we herein highlight the usefulness of CF2X (X = Cl, Br, or I) moieties. Using tool compounds bearing CF2X moieties, we study their chemical/metabolic stability and their logP/solubility, as well as the role of XB in their small molecular crystal structures. Employing QM techniques, we analyze the observed interactions, provide insights into the conformational flexibilities and preferences in the potential interaction space. For their application in molecular design, we characterize their XB donor capacities and its interaction strength dependent on geometric parameters. Implementation of CF2X acetamides into our HEFLibs and biophysical evaluation (STD-NMR/ITC), followed by X-ray analysis, reveals a highly interesting binding mode for fragment 23 in JNK3, featuring an XB of CF2Br toward the P-loop, as well as chalcogen bonds. We suggest that underexplored chemical space combined with unconventional binding modes provides excellent opportunities for patentable chemotypes for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Vaas
- Laboratory
for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus O. Zimmermann
- Laboratory
for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Department
of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität
Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jason Stahlecker
- Laboratory
for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marc U. Engelhardt
- Laboratory
for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Janosch Rheinganz
- Laboratory
for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Drotleff
- Pharmaceutical
(Bio)Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of
Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls
Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Olfert
- Pharmaceutical
(Bio)Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of
Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls
Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Lämmerhofer
- Pharmaceutical
(Bio)Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of
Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls
Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus Kramer
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität
Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thilo Stehle
- Interfaculty
Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frank M. Boeckler
- Laboratory
for Molecular Design & Pharmaceutical Biophysics, Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Institute
for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics (IBMI), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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3
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The Halogen Bond in Weakly Bonded Complexes and the Consequences for Aromaticity and Spin-Orbit Coupling. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020772. [PMID: 36677828 PMCID: PMC9865902 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The halogen bond complexes CF3X⋯Y and C2F3X⋯Y, with Y = furan, thiophene, selenophene and X = Cl, Br, I, have been studied by using DFT and CCSD(T) in order to understand which factors govern the interaction between the halogen atom X and the aromatic ring. We found that PBE0-dDsC/QZ4P gives an adequate description of the interaction energies in these complexes, compared to CCSD(T) and experimental results. The interaction between the halogen atom X and the π-bonds in perpendicular orientation is stronger than the interaction with the in-plane lone pairs of the heteroatom of the aromatic cycle. The strength of the interaction follows the trend Cl < Br < I; the chalcogenide in the aromatic ring nor the hybridization of the C−X bond play a decisive role. The energy decomposition analysis shows that the interaction energy is dominated by all three contributions, viz., the electrostatic, orbital, and dispersion interactions: not one factor dominates the interaction energy. The aromaticity of the ring is undisturbed upon halogen bond formation: the π-ring current remains equally strong and diatropic in the complex as it is for the free aromatic ring. However, the spin-orbit coupling between the singlet and triplet π→π* states is increased upon halogen bond formation and a faster intersystem crossing between these states is therefore expected.
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Enhancing Effects of the Cyano Group on the C-X∙∙∙N Hydrogen or Halogen Bond in Complexes of X-Cyanomethanes with Trimethyl Amine: CH3−n(CN)nX∙∙∙NMe3, (n = 0–3; X = H, Cl, Br, I). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911289. [PMID: 36232589 PMCID: PMC9570363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, density functional theory and wave function theory calculations are carried out to investigate the strength and nature of the intermolecular C-X∙∙∙N bond interaction as a function of the number of cyano groups, CN, in the X-bond donor while maintaining the X-bond acceptor as fixed. Specifically, complexes of X-cyanomethanes with trimethyl amine CH3−n(CN)nX∙∙∙NMe3 (n = 0–3; X = H, Cl, Br, I) are used as model systems. Geometrical parameters and vibrational C-X-stretching frequencies as well as interaction energies are used as relevant indicators to gauge hydrogen or halogen bond strength in the complexes. Additional characteristics of interactions that link these complexes, i.e., hydrogen or halogen bonds, are calculated with the use of the following theoretical tools: the atoms in molecules (AIM) approach, the natural bond orbital (NBO) method, and energy decomposition analysis (EDA). The results show that, for the specified X-center, the strength of C-X∙∙∙N interaction increases significantly and in a non-additive fashion with the number of CN groups. Moreover, the nature (noncovalent or partly covalent) of the interactions is revealed via the AIM approach.
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Abstract
We performed a structural study of N-alkylated halogenopyridinium cations to examine whether choice of the N-substituent has any considerable effect on the halogen bonding capability of the cations. For that purpose, we prepared a series of N-ethyl-3-halopyridinium iodides and compared them with their N-methyl-3-halopyridinium analogues. Structural analysis revealed that N-ethylated halogenopyridinium cations form slightly shorter C−X⋯I− halogen bonds with iodide anion. We have also attempted synthesis of ditopic symmetric bis-(3-iodopyridinium) dications. Although successful in only one case, the syntheses have afforded two novel ditopic asymmetric monocations with an iodine atom bonded to the pyridine ring and another on the aliphatic N-substituent. Here, the C−I⋯I− halogen bond lengths involving pyridine iodine atom were notably shorter than those involving an aliphatic iodine atom as a halogen bond donor. This trend in halogen bond lengths is in line with the charge distribution on the Hirshfeld surfaces of the cations—the positive charge is predominantly located in the pyridine ring making the pyridine iodine atom σ-hole more positive than the one on the alkyl chan.
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Halogen bonding catalysis for the [3+2] cycloaddition reactions of epoxides with CO2, and other heterocumulenes. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Vulpe E, Grosjean S, Hassan Z, Bulach V, Hosseini MW, Bräse S. Halogen-bonded one-dimensional chains of functionalized ditopic bipyridines co-crystallized with mono-, di-, and triiodofluorobenzenes. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00494h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of halogen-bonded (XB) 1D and zigzag supramolecular architectures involving a sterically hindered class of homologous para-xylenes bearing bipyridyl moieties at peripheries co-crystallized with mono-, di-, and triiodofluorobenzenes as XB donors are prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Vulpe
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory
- UMR UDS-CNRS, 7140 & icFRC
- University of Strasbourg
- Strasbourg
- France
| | - Sylvain Grosjean
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory
- Institute for Biological Interfaces 3 (IBG 3)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
| | - Zahid Hassan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Véronique Bulach
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory
- UMR UDS-CNRS, 7140 & icFRC
- University of Strasbourg
- Strasbourg
- France
| | - Mir Wais Hosseini
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory
- UMR UDS-CNRS, 7140 & icFRC
- University of Strasbourg
- Strasbourg
- France
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory
- Institute for Biological Interfaces 3 (IBG 3)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
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8
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Saccone M, Pace A, Pibiri I, Cavallo G, Metrangolo P, Pilati T, Resnati G, Terraneo G. Dissecting the packing forces in mixed perfluorocarbon/aromatic co-crystals. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01001h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The nature and role of non-covalent interactions involving fluorous molecules and aromatic molecules are studied by a combined theoretical/crystallographic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Saccone
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Edificio 6, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Pace
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche – STEBICEF, Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Edificio 17, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ivana Pibiri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche – STEBICEF, Università Degli Studi di Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Edificio 17, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cavallo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica DCMIC, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica DCMIC, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Tullio Pilati
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica DCMIC, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica DCMIC, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica DCMIC, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
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9
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Nemec V, Lisac K, Bedeković N, Fotović L, Stilinović V, Cinčić D. Crystal engineering strategies towards halogen-bonded metal–organic multi-component solids: salts, cocrystals and salt cocrystals. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00158b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This highlight presents an overview of the current advances in the preparation of halogen bonded metal–organic multi-component solids, including salts and cocrystals comprising neutral and ionic constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinko Nemec
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Katarina Lisac
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Nikola Bedeković
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Luka Fotović
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Vladimir Stilinović
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Dominik Cinčić
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
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10
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Mandal K, Bansal D, Kumar Y, Rustam, Shukla J, Mukhopadhyay P. Halogen-Bonded Assemblies of Arylene Imides and Diimides: Insight from Electronic, Structural, and Computational Studies. Chemistry 2020; 26:10607-10619. [PMID: 32428280 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Halogen-bonding interactions in electron-deficient π scaffolds have largely been underexplored. Herein, the halogen-bonding properties of arylene imide/diimide-based electron-deficient scaffolds were studied. The influence of scaffold size, from small (phthalimide) to moderately sized (pyromellitic diimide or naphthalenediimides) to large (perylenediimide), axial-group modification, and number of halo substituents on the halogen bonding and its self-assembly was probed in a set of nine compounds. The structural modification leads to tunable optical and redox properties. The first reduction potential E 1 / 2 1 ranges between -1.09 and -0.17 V (vs. SCE). Two of the compounds, that is, 6 and 9, have deep-lying LUMOs with values reaching -4.2 eV. Single crystals of all nine systems were obtained, which showed Br⋅⋅⋅O, Br⋅⋅⋅Br, or Br⋅⋅⋅π halogen-bonding interactions, and a few systems are capable of forming all three types. These interactions lead to halogen-bonded rings (up to 12-membered), which propagate to form stacked 1D, 2D, or corrugated sheets. A few outliers were also identified, for example, molecules that prefer C-H⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen bonding over halogen bonding, or noncentrosymmetric rather than centrosymmetric organization. Computational studies based on Atoms in Molecules and Natural Bond Orbital analysis provided further insight into the halogen-bonding interactions. This study can lead to a predictive design tool-box to further explore related systems on surfaces reinforced by these weak directional forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyanashis Mandal
- Supramolecular and Material Chemistry Lab, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Deepak Bansal
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yogendra Kumar
- Supramolecular and Material Chemistry Lab, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rustam
- Supramolecular and Material Chemistry Lab, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jyoti Shukla
- Supramolecular and Material Chemistry Lab, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Pritam Mukhopadhyay
- Supramolecular and Material Chemistry Lab, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, 110067, India
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11
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Xu X, Huang S, Zhang Z, Cao L, Yan X. Halogen-bonding-induced diverse aggregation of 4,5-diiodo-1,2,3-triazolium salts with different anions. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:78-87. [PMID: 32082427 PMCID: PMC7006493 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of 4,5-diiodo-1,3-dimesityl-1,2,3-triazolium salts with different anions have been developed. These triazolium salts show diverse aggregation via halogen bonding between C-I bonds and anions. Triazolium with halide anions exists as a tetramer with saddle conformation. Triazolium tetrafluoroborate exists as a trimer with Chinese lantern shape conformation. Triazolium trifluoroacetate and acetate exist as dimers, respectively, while the former shows boat conformation and the latter forms rectangle conformation. Triazolium salts form a linear polymer with polyiodide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiqing Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zengyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Fotović L, Stilinović V. Halogenide anions as halogen and hydrogen bond acceptors in iodopyridinium halogenides. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce00534g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Structures of iodopyridinium halogenides have demonstrated why iodide, the weakest halogen bond acceptor among the halogenides, preferentially forms halogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Fotović
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10002 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Vladimir Stilinović
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10002 Zagreb
- Croatia
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13
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Schwabedissen J, Trapp PC, Stammler HG, Neumann B, Lamm JH, Vishnevskiy YV, Körte LA, Mitzel NW. Halogen Bonds of Halotetrafluoropyridines in Crystals and Co-crystals with Benzene and Pyridine. Chemistry 2019; 25:7339-7350. [PMID: 30893505 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The structures of the three para-substituted halotetrafluoropyridines with chlorine, bromine, and iodine have been determined in the solid state (X-ray diffraction). The structures of these compounds and that of pentafluoropyridine were also determined in the gas phase (electron diffraction). Structures in the solid state of the bromine and iodine derivatives exhibit halogen bonding as a structure-determining motif. On the way to an investigation of halogen bond formation of halotetrafluoropyridines in the solid state with the stronger Lewis base pyridine, co-crystals of benzene adducts were investigated to gain an understanding of the influence of aryl-aryl interactions. These co-crystals showed halogen bonding only for the two heavier halotetrafluoropyridines. In the pyridine co-crystals halogen bonding was observed for all three para-halotetrafluoropyridines. The formation of homodimers and heterodimers with pyridine is also supported by quantum-chemical calculations of electron density topologies and natural bond orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Schwabedissen
- Chemie und Physik der Materialien, Paris-Lodron Universität Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Straße 2a, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Pia C Trapp
- Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Centrum für Molekulare Materialien, CM2, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Centrum für Molekulare Materialien, CM2, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Centrum für Molekulare Materialien, CM2, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Lamm
- Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Centrum für Molekulare Materialien, CM2, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Yury V Vishnevskiy
- Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Centrum für Molekulare Materialien, CM2, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Leif A Körte
- Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Centrum für Molekulare Materialien, CM2, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Centrum für Molekulare Materialien, CM2, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
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14
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Cheng L, Zhu B, Ma X, Zhang Z, Wang JR, Zhang Q, Mei X. Identification of an Overlooked Halogen-Bond Synthon and Its Application in Designing Fluorescent Materials. Chemistry 2019; 25:6584-6590. [PMID: 30779468 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Research on new supramolecular synthons facilitates the progress of materials design. Herein, the ability of sp2 carbonyl oxygen atoms to act as halogen-bond acceptors was established through cocrystallization. Four sets of carbonyl compounds, including aldehydes, ketones, esters, and amides, were selected as halogen-bond acceptors. In the absence of strong hydrogen bonds, 14 out of 16 combinations of halogen-bond donors and acceptors could form cocrystals, whereby the supramolecular synthon C=O⋅⋅⋅X acts as the main interaction. Further, the geometric parameters of the C=O⋅⋅⋅X interaction were statistically revealed on the basis of the crystallographic database. The bifurcated interaction mode that has been observed in other halogen-bond synthons rarely occurs in the case of C=O⋅⋅⋅X. The robustness of C=O⋅⋅⋅X makes its application in crystal engineering possible and opens up new opportunities in designing multicomponent fluorescent materials, as indicated by multicolor emission of cocrystals D through C=O⋅⋅⋅X interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Cheng
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Bingqing Zhu
- Pharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- Pharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zaiyong Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Rong Wang
- Pharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng Mei
- Pharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai, P.R. China
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15
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Saccone M, Riebe S, Stelzer J, Wölper C, Daniliuc CG, Voskuhl J, Giese M. Structure–property relationships in aromatic thioethers featuring aggregation-induced emission: solid-state structures and theoretical analysis. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce00444k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of the fluorescence quantum yields was correlated with the increase of C–H⋯π and the decrease of π⋯π interactions in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Saccone
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen
- 45141 Essen
- Germany
| | - Steffen Riebe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen
- 45141 Essen
- Germany
| | - Jacqueline Stelzer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen
- 45141 Essen
- Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Duisburg Essen
- Essen 45141
- Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Jens Voskuhl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen
- 45141 Essen
- Germany
| | - Michael Giese
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen
- 45141 Essen
- Germany
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16
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Nemec V, Fotović L, Vitasović T, Cinčić D. Halogen bonding of the aldehyde oxygen atom in cocrystals of aromatic aldehydes and 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce00340a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Novel halogen bonded cocrystals of aromatic aldehydes have been synthesized. We present the halogen bond acceptor potential of the aldehyde group oxygen atom in competition with the hydroxy, methoxy and pyridine groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinko Nemec
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Luka Fotović
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Toni Vitasović
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Dominik Cinčić
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
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17
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Orlova AP, Jasien PG. Halogen bonding in self-assembling systems: A comparison of intra- and interchain binding energies. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Szell PMJ, Cavallo G, Terraneo G, Metrangolo P, Gabidullin B, Bryce DL. Comparing the Halogen Bond to the Hydrogen Bond by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy: Anion Coordinated Dimers from 2- and 3-Iodoethynylpyridine Salts. Chemistry 2018; 24:11364-11376. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. J. Szell
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; University of Ottawa; 10 Marie Curie Private Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Gabriella Cavallo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bionanomaterials; Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”; Politecnico di Milano; Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milano Italy
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bionanomaterials; Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”; Politecnico di Milano; Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milano Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bionanomaterials; Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”; Politecnico di Milano; Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milano Italy
| | - Bulat Gabidullin
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; University of Ottawa; 10 Marie Curie Private Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - David L. Bryce
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; University of Ottawa; 10 Marie Curie Private Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
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19
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Zhao C, Lu Y, Zhu Z, Liu H. Theoretical Exploration of Halogen Bonding Interactions in the Complexes of Novel Nitroxide Radical Probes and Comparison with Hydrogen Bonds. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:5058-5068. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b03385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengxi Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yunxiang Lu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhengdan Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Honglai Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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20
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Zapata F, González L, Caballero A, Bastida A, Bautista D, Molina P. Interlocked Supramolecular Polymers Created by Combination of Halogen- and Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions through Anion-Template Self-Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:2041-2045. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Zapata
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Lidia González
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Caballero
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Adolfo Bastida
- Departamento
de Química Física, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de
Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Delia Bautista
- Servicio
de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de
Espinardo, E-30071 Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Molina
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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21
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Ateş ÖD, Zorlu Y, Kanmazalp SD, Chumakov Y, Gürek AG, Ayhan MM. Halogen bonding driven crystal engineering of iodophthalonitrile derivatives. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00594j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Various halogen bonding driven crystal structures can be obtained by simple modifications of iodophthalonitrile derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yunus Zorlu
- Department of Chemistry
- Gebze Technical University
- 41400 Turkey
- Institute of Nanotechnology
- Gebze Technical University
| | - Sibel Demir Kanmazalp
- Department of Physics
- Gebze Technical University
- 41400 Turkey
- Technical Science Vocational School
- Gaziantep University
| | - Yurii Chumakov
- Department of Physics
- Gebze Technical University
- 41400 Turkey
| | - Ayşe Gül Gürek
- Department of Chemistry
- Gebze Technical University
- 41400 Turkey
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22
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Bedeković N, Stilinović V, Friščić T, Cinčić D. Comparison of isomericmeta- andpara-diiodotetrafluorobenzene as halogen bond donors in crystal engineering. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj01368c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ability ofmeta- andpara-diiodotetrafluorobenzene to act as halogen bond donors in crystal engineering has been compared by the synthesis and crystal structure analysis of a family of 20 novel halogen-bonded cocrystals with simple monotopic and ditopic nitrogen-based acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Bedeković
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- Croatia
| | | | | | - Dominik Cinčić
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- Croatia
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23
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Lisac K, Cinčić D. Simple design for metal-based halogen-bonded cocrystals utilizing the M–Cl⋯I motif. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00754c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The halogen bonding proclivity of the chlorine atom coordinated to the Co(ii) metal centre has been explored by synthesis and crystal structure analysis of a family of 12 novel metal-based halogen-bonded cocrystals with iodine-based donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Lisac
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10002 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Dominik Cinčić
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10002 Zagreb
- Croatia
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24
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Liu X, McMillen CD, Thrasher JS. Cooperative intermolecular S–Cl⋯O and F⋯F associations in the crystal packing of α,ω-di(sulfonyl chloride) perfluoroalkanes, ClSO 2(CF 2) nSO 2Cl, where n = 4, 6. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00536b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Halogen bonding between neighboring sulfonyl chloride groups and short fluorine–fluorine contacts supports crystal formation in the title compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Clemson University
- Advanced Materials Research Laboratory
- Anderson
- USA
| | - Colin D. McMillen
- Department of Chemistry
- Clemson University
- Hunter Laboratories
- Clemson
- USA
| | - Joseph S. Thrasher
- Department of Chemistry
- Clemson University
- Advanced Materials Research Laboratory
- Anderson
- USA
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25
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Connectivity and Topology Invariance in Self-Assembled and Halogen-Bonded Anionic (6,3)-Networks. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122060. [PMID: 29186793 PMCID: PMC6149883 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here that the halogen bond driven self-assembly of 1,3,5-trifluorotriiodobenzene with tetraethylammonium and -phosphonium bromides affords 1:1 co-crystals, wherein the mutual induced fit of the triiodobenzene derivative and the bromide anions (halogen bond donor and acceptors, respectively) elicits the potential of these two tectons to function as tritopic modules (6,3). Supramolecular anionic networks are present in the two co-crystals wherein the donor and the acceptor alternate at the vertexes of the hexagonal frames and cations are accommodated in the potential empty space encircled by the frames. The change of one component in a self-assembled multi-component co-crystal often results in a change in its supramolecular connectivity and topology. Our systems have the same supramolecular features of corresponding iodide analogues as the metric aspects seem to prevail over other aspects in controlling the self-assembly process.
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26
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Parra RD, Castillo Á. Cyclic networks of halogen-bonding interactions in molecular self-assemblies: a theoretical N-X...N versus C-X...N investigation. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE, CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2017; 73:179-187. [PMID: 28362280 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520617002335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The geometries and energetics of molecular self-assembly structures that contain a sequential network of cyclic halogen-bonding interactions are investigated theoretically. The strength of the halogen-bonding interactions is assessed by examining binding energies, electron charge transfer (NBO analysis) and electron density at halogen-bond critical points (AIM theory). Specifically, structural motifs having intramolecular N-X...N (X = Cl, Br, or I) interactions and the ability to drive molecular self-assembly via the same type of interactions are used to construct larger self-assemblies of up to three unit motifs. N-X...N halogen-bond cooperativity as a function of the self-assembly size, and the nature of the halogen atom is also examined. The cyclic network of the halogen-bonding interactions provides a suitable cavity rich in electron density (from the halogen atom lone pairs not involved in the halogen bonds) that can potentially bind an electron-deficient species such as a metal ion. This possibility is explored by examining the ability of the N-X...N network to bind Na+. Likewise, molecular self-assembly structures driven by the weaker C-X...N halogen-bonding interactions are investigated and the results compared with those of their N-X...N counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben D Parra
- Department of Chemistry, DePaul University, 1110 W. Belden Ave, Chicago, IL 60614, USA
| | - Álvaro Castillo
- Department of Chemistry, DePaul University, 1110 W. Belden Ave, Chicago, IL 60614, USA
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27
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Saccone M, Siiskonen A, Fernandez-Palacio F, Priimagi A, Terraneo G, Resnati G, Metrangolo P. Halogen bonding stabilizes acis-azobenzene derivative in the solid state: a crystallographic study. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2017; 73:227-233. [DOI: 10.1107/s2052520617003444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Crystals oftrans- andcis-isomers of a fluorinated azobenzene derivative have been prepared and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The presence of F atoms on the aromatic core of the azobenzene increases the lifetime of the metastablecis-isomer, allowing single crystals of thecis-azobenzene to be grown. Structural analysis on thecis-azobenzene, complemented with density functional theory calculations, highlights the active role of the halogen-bond contact (N...I synthon) in promoting the stabilization of thecis-isomer. The presence of a long aliphatic chain on the azobenzene unit induces a phase segregation that stabilizes the molecular arrangement for both thetrans- andcis-isomers. Due to the rarity ofcis-azobenzene crystal structures in the literature, our paper makes a step towards understanding the role of non-covalent interactions in driving the packing of metastable azobenzene isomers. This is expected to be important in the future rational design of solid-state, photoresponsive materials based on halogen bonding.
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28
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Bauzá A, Frontera A. Supramolecular nanotubes based on halogen bonding interactions: cooperativity and interaction with small guests. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:12936-12941. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01724c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this manuscript the formation of a series of self-assembled supramolecular nanotubes (SNTs) governed by noncovalent halogen bonding interactions is studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Bauzá
- Department of Chemistry
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma
- Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma
- Spain
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29
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Zbačnik M, Pajski M, Stilinović V, Vitković M, Cinčić D. The halogen bonding proclivity of the ortho-methoxy–hydroxy group in cocrystals of o-vanillin imines and diiodotetrafluoro-benzenes. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01332a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel halogen bondedo-hydroxy imine cocrystals with 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene have been synthesized. We present an insight into the halogen bond acceptor potential of theortho-methoxy–hydroxy group of theo-vanillin moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Zbačnik
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Matea Pajski
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- Croatia
| | | | - Matea Vitković
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Dominik Cinčić
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Zagreb
- Croatia
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30
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Carlucci L, Gavezzotti A. A quantitative measure of halogen bond activation in cocrystallization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:18383-18388. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03322b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Calculated energy profiles for XB show the activating effect of ring substituents. The results match the outcome of experimental studies by Aakeröy et al. Cryst.Growth Des., 2015, 15, 3853.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Carlucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- via C. Golgi 19
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Angelo Gavezzotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- via C. Golgi 19
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
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31
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Cavallo G, Terraneo G, Monfredini A, Saccone M, Priimagi A, Pilati T, Resnati G, Metrangolo P, Bruce DW. Superfluorinated Ionic Liquid Crystals Based on Supramolecular, Halogen-Bonded Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:6300-4. [PMID: 27073033 PMCID: PMC5021112 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Unconventional ionic liquid crystals in which the liquid crystallinity is enabled by halogen-bonded supramolecular anions [Cn F2 n+1 -I⋅⋅⋅I⋅⋅⋅I-Cn F2 n+1 ](-) are reported. The material system is unique in many ways, demonstrating for the first time 1) ionic, halogen-bonded liquid crystals, and 2) imidazolium-based ionic liquid crystals in which the occurrence of liquid crystallinity is not driven by the alkyl chains of the cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Cavallo
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Monfredini
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Saccone
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FI, 33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arri Priimagi
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FI, 33101, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tullio Pilati
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy.
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy.
- VTT-Technical Research Centre of Finland, Biologinkuja 7, 02150, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Duncan W Bruce
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
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32
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Cavallo G, Terraneo G, Monfredini A, Saccone M, Priimagi A, Pilati T, Resnati G, Metrangolo P, Bruce DW. Superfluorinated Ionic Liquid Crystals Based on Supramolecular, Halogen-Bonded Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Cavallo
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”; Politecnico di Milano; Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milan Italy
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”; Politecnico di Milano; Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milan Italy
| | - Alessandro Monfredini
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”; Politecnico di Milano; Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milan Italy
| | - Marco Saccone
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering; Tampere University of Technology; P.O. Box 541 FI 33101 Tampere Finland
| | - Arri Priimagi
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering; Tampere University of Technology; P.O. Box 541 FI 33101 Tampere Finland
| | - Tullio Pilati
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”; Politecnico di Milano; Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milan Italy
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”; Politecnico di Milano; Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milan Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”; Politecnico di Milano; Via L. Mancinelli 7 20131 Milan Italy
- VTT-Technical Research Centre of Finland; Biologinkuja 7 02150 Espoo Finland
| | - Duncan W. Bruce
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
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33
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Abstract
The halogen bond occurs when there is evidence of a net attractive interaction between an electrophilic region associated with a halogen atom in a molecular entity and a nucleophilic region in another, or the same, molecular entity. In this fairly extensive review, after a brief history of the interaction, we will provide the reader with a snapshot of where the research on the halogen bond is now, and, perhaps, where it is going. The specific advantages brought up by a design based on the use of the halogen bond will be demonstrated in quite different fields spanning from material sciences to biomolecular recognition and drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Cavallo
- Laboratory
of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry,
Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory
of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry,
Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy
- VTT-Technical
Research Centre of Finland, Biologinkuja 7, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Roberto Milani
- VTT-Technical
Research Centre of Finland, Biologinkuja 7, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Tullio Pilati
- Laboratory
of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry,
Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Arri Priimagi
- Department
of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere
University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- Laboratory
of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry,
Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- Laboratory
of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry,
Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy
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34
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Mosquera MEG, Gomez-Sal P, Diaz I, Aguirre LM, Ienco A, Manca G, Mealli C. Intriguing I2 Reduction in the Iodide for Chloride Ligand Substitution at a Ru(II) Complex: Role of Mixed Trihalides in the Redox Mechanism. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:283-91. [PMID: 26675208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The compound [Ru(CN(t)Bu)4(Cl)2], 1, reacts with I2, yielding the halogen-bonded (XB) 1D species {[Ru(CN(t)Bu)4(I)2]·I2}n, (2·I2)n, whose building block contains I(-) ligands in place of Cl(-) ligands, even though no suitable redox agent is present in solution. Some isolated solid-state intermediates, such as {[Ru(CN(t)Bu)4(Cl)2]·2I2}n, (1·2I2)n, and {[Ru(CN(t)Bu)4(Cl)(I)]·3I2}n, (3·3I2)n, indicate the stepwise substitution of the two trans-halide ligands in 1, showing that end-on-coordinated trihalides play a key role in the process. In particular, the formation of ClI2(-) triggers electron transfer, possibly followed by an inverted coordination of the triatomic species through the external iodine atom. This allows I-Cl separation, as corroborated by Raman spectra. The process through XB intermediates corresponds to reduction of one iodine atom combined with the oxidation of one coordinated chloride ligand to give the corresponding zerovalent atom of I-Cl. This redox process, explored by density functional theory calculations (B97D/6-31+G(d,p)/SDD (for I and Ru atoms)), is apparently counterintuitive with respect to the known behavior of the corresponding free halogen systems, which favor iodide oxidation by Cl2. On the other hand, similar energy barriers are found for the metal-assisted process and require a supply of energy to be passed. In this respect, the control of the temperature is fundamental in combination with the favorable crystallizations of the various solid-state products. As an important conclusion, trihalogens, as XB adducts, are not static in nature but are able to undergo dynamic inner electron transfers consistently with implicit redox chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta E G Mosquera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá , Campus Universitario, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Pilar Gomez-Sal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá , Campus Universitario, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Isabel Diaz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá , Campus Universitario, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Lina M Aguirre
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá , Campus Universitario, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - A Ienco
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICCOM-CNR) , Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriele Manca
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICCOM-CNR) , Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Carlo Mealli
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICCOM-CNR) , Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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Nemec V, Cinčić D. Uncommon halogen bond motifs in cocrystals of aromatic amines and 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce01703g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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36
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Fernandez-Palacio F, Saccone M, Priimagi A, Terraneo G, Pilati T, Metrangolo P, Resnati G. Coordination networks incorporating halogen-bond donor sites and azobenzene groups. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce00059b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A coordination network decorated with halogen-bond donor sites for specific guest binding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Saccone
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering
- Tampere University of Technology
- FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Arri Priimagi
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering
- Tampere University of Technology
- FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Tullio Pilati
- NFMLab-DCMIC “Giulio Natta”
- Politecnico di Milano
- 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- NFMLab-DCMIC “Giulio Natta”
- Politecnico di Milano
- 20131 Milano, Italy
- VTT-Technical Research Centre of Finland
- Espoo FI-02044, Finland
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- NFMLab-DCMIC “Giulio Natta”
- Politecnico di Milano
- 20131 Milano, Italy
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37
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Cheng F, Wang H, Hua Y, Cao H, Zhou B, Duan J, Jin W. Halogen bonded supramolecular porous structures with akgmlayer. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce02247b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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Le Gal Y, Lorcy D, Jeannin O, Barrière F, Dorcet V, Lieffrig J, Fourmigué M. CS⋯I halogen bonding interactions in crystalline iodinated dithiole-2-thiones and thiazole-2-thiones. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce00822d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Wilson J, Dal Williams JS, Petkovsek C, Reves P, Jurss JW, Hammer NI, Tschumper GS, Watkins DL. Synergistic effects of halogen bond and π–π interactions in thiophene-based building blocks. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16680b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of a thiophene-based building block (Pyr-T) to achieve a supramolecular assembly driven by halogen bonding (XB) is described. X-ray crystallography, NMR, Raman spectroscopy, and computational chemistry afford evidence of strong XB and π–π stacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamey Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Mississippi
- University
- USA
| | | | - Chesney Petkovsek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Mississippi
- University
- USA
| | - Peyton Reves
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Mississippi
- University
- USA
| | - Jonah W. Jurss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Mississippi
- University
- USA
| | - Nathan I. Hammer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Mississippi
- University
- USA
| | | | - Davita L. Watkins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Mississippi
- University
- USA
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40
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Aakeröy CB, Wijethunga TK, Benton J, Desper J. Stabilizing volatile liquid chemicals using co-crystallization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:2425-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09650a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A convenient, effective, and scalable protocol for stabilizing volatile liquid chemicals is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joshua Benton
- Department of Chemistry
- Kansas State University
- Manhattan
- USA
| | - John Desper
- Department of Chemistry
- Kansas State University
- Manhattan
- USA
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41
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Pace A, Buscemi S, Piccionello AP, Pibiri I. Recent Advances in the Chemistry of 1,2,4-OxadiazolesaaDedicated to Professor Nicolò Vivona on the occasion of his 75th birthday. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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42
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Bushuyev OS, Tan D, Barrett CJ, Friščić T. Fluorinated azobenzenes with highly strained geometries for halogen bond-driven self-assembly in the solid state. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce01216j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Aakeröy CB, Welideniya D, Desper J, Moore C. Halogen-bond driven co-crystallization of potential anti-cancer compounds: a structural study. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce01614a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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44
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Yan XC, Schyman P, Jorgensen WL. Cooperative effects and optimal halogen bonding motifs for self-assembling systems. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:2820-6. [PMID: 24678636 PMCID: PMC3993918 DOI: 10.1021/jp501553j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Halogen bonding, due to its directionality
and tunable strength,
is being increasingly utilized in self-assembling materials and crystal
engineering. Using density functional theory (DFT) and molecular mechanics
(OPLS/CM1Ax) calculations, multiply halogen bonded complexes of brominated
imidazole and pyridine are investigated along with their potential
in construction of self-assembling architectures. Dimers with 1–10
halogen bonds are considered and reveal maximal binding energies of
3–36 kcal/mol. Cooperative (nonadditive) effects are found
in complexes that extend both along and perpendicular to the halogen
bonding axes, with interaction energies depending on polarization,
secondary interactions, and ring spacers. Four structural motifs were
identified to yield optimal halogen bonding. For the largest systems,
the excellent agreement found between the DFT and OPLS/CM1Ax results
supports the utility of the latter approach for analysis and design
of self-assembling supramolecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cindy Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University , New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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45
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Saccone M, Terraneo G, Pilati T, Cavallo G, Priimagi A, Metrangolo P, Resnati G. Azobenzene-based difunctional halogen-bond donor: towards the engineering of photoresponsive co-crystals. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2013; 70:149-56. [DOI: 10.1107/s205252061302622x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Halogen bonding is emerging as a powerful non-covalent interaction in the context of supramolecular photoresponsive materials design, particularly due to its high directionality. In order to obtain further insight into the solid-state features of halogen-bonded photoactive molecules, three halogen-bonded co-crystals containing an azobenzene-based difunctional halogen-bond donor molecule, (E)-bis(4-iodo-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl)diazene, C12F8I2N2, have been synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal structure of the non-iodinated homologue (E)-bis(2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl)diazene, C12H2F8N2, is also reported. It is demonstrated that the studied halogen-bond donor molecule is a reliable tecton for assembling halogen-bonded co-crystals with potential photoresponsive behaviour. The azo group is not involved in any specific intermolecular interactions in any of the co-crystals studied, which is an interesting feature in the context of enhanced photoisomerization behaviour and photoactive properties of the material systems.
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46
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Bertolotti F, Cavallo G, Metrangolo P, Nayak SK, Resnati G, Terraneo G. C–halogen…O supramolecular synthons: in situ cryocrystallisation of 1,2-dihalotetrafluoroethane/HMPA adducts. Supramol Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2013.822974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bertolotti
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125Torino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cavallo
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131Milan, Italy
| | - Susanta K. Nayak
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- NFMLab, Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, I-20131Milan, Italy
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