Facile metal-organic frameworks-templated fabrication of hollow indium oxide microstructures for chlorine detection at low temperature

Metal oxides with the hollow microstructure by the facile synthetic strategy are hopeful in applications for photocatalysis, supercapacitor, and gas sensor owing to their large surface areas, porosity ratio and rich active sites. In this work, indium oxide porous hollow rods (In₂O₃ PHRs) are successfully prepared using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as the template. The morphology of In₂O₃ PHRs is hexagonal hollow micro-rods with a porous structure. The investigation on the gas-sensing performance reveals that the In₂O₃ PHRs sensor displays outstanding sensitivity and selectivity toward 10 ppm chlorine gas (Cl₂) at low operational temperature (160 °C). Furthermore, the In₂O₃ PHRs sensor displays a low detection limit (3.2 ppb) and short response and recovery time (38/13 s). The unique morphology and abundant oxygen vacancies are conduced to the excellent gas-sensing activities, which is benefited from the utilization and decomposition of In-MOFs precursor. In addition, the gas sensing mechanism of reducing gases and oxidizing gases is deduced in detail for the In₂O₃ PHRs sensor.

One-step hydrothermal preparation of Ce-doped MoO3 nanobelts with enhanced gas sensing properties

Rare earth ions are considered as the ideal dopants to modify the crystal structure, electronics structure, and gas sensing performance of metal oxides semiconductors.

Solution combustion synthesis and enhanced gas sensing properties of porous In2O3/ZnO heterostructures

Self-assembled porous In₂O₃/ZnO heterostructures are synthesized via a low temperature solution combustion method. An extremely high gas sensitivity can be reached when exposed to Cl₂ at 370 °C.

Design, synthesis and applications of core-shell, hollow core, and nanorattle multifunctional nanostructures

With the evolution of nanoscience and nanotechnology, studies have been focused on manipulating nanoparticle properties through the control of their size, composition, and morphology. As nanomaterial research has progressed, the foremost focus has gradually shifted from synthesis, morphology control, and characterization of properties to the investigation of function and the utility of integrating these materials and chemical sciences with the physical, biological, and medical fields, which therefore necessitates the development of novel materials that are capable of performing multiple tasks and functions. The construction of multifunctional nanomaterials that integrate two or more functions into a single geometry has been achieved through the surface-coating technique, which created a new class of substances designated as core-shell nanoparticles. Core-shell materials have growing and expanding applications due to the multifunctionality that is achieved through the formation of multiple shells as well as the manipulation of core/shell materials. Moreover, core removal from core-shell-based structures offers excellent opportunities to construct multifunctional hollow core architectures that possess huge storage capacities, low densities, and tunable optical properties. Furthermore, the fabrication of nanomaterials that have the combined properties of a core-shell structure with that of a hollow one has resulted in the creation of a new and important class of substances, known as the rattle core-shell nanoparticles, or nanorattles. The design strategies of these new multifunctional nanostructures (core-shell, hollow core, and nanorattle) are discussed in the first part of this review. In the second part, different synthesis and fabrication approaches for multifunctional core-shell, hollow core-shell and rattle core-shell architectures are highlighted. Finally, in the last part of the article, the versatile and diverse applications of these nanoarchitectures in catalysis, energy storage, sensing, and biomedicine are presented.

Synthesis of Zn-doped In2O3nano sphere architectures as a triethylamine gas sensor and photocatalytic properties

Zn-doped In₂O₃nano spheres (ZIO NSs) were synthesized by calcining the precipitates prepared through a facile one-step hydrothermal synthesis method.

A low temperature operating gas sensor with high response to NO2 based on ordered mesoporous Ni-doped In2O3

This study demonstrated that doping Ni enhanced the response of the sensor based on mesoporous In₂O₃ to NO₂.

Facile synthesis of hollow In2O3 microspheres and their gas sensing performances

Hollow In₂O₃ microspheres were synthesized by a facile solvothermal method, and exhibited excellent sensing properties at low operating temperatures.

Facile synthesis and gas-sensing performance of Sr- or Fe-doped In2O3 hollow sub-microspheres

Sr- or Fe-doped In₂O₃ hollow sub-microspheres were successfully fabricated, which show excellent gas sensing performance towards a series of organic solvents.

Pd-loaded In2O3 nanowire-like network synthesized using carbon nanotube templates for enhancing NO2 sensing performance

Pd–In₂O₃ nanowire-like network sensor with characteristic response curve has potential application in preparing multi-functional gas sensors.