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Parvini E, Hajalilou A, Lopes PA, Tiago MSM, de Almeida AT, Tavakoli M. Triple crosslinking conductive hydrogels with digitally printable and outstanding mechanical stability for high-resolution conformable bioelectronics. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:8486-8503. [PMID: 36321471 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01103d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soft, conductive, and stretchable hydrogels offer a broad variety of applications, including skin-interfacing electrodes, biomonitoring patches, and electrostimulation. Despite rapid developments over the last decades, a combination of good electrical and mechanical properties, low-cost fabrication, and biocompatibility is yet to be demonstrated. Also, the current methods for deposition and patterning of these hydrogels are manual, and there is a need toward autonomous and digital fabrication techniques. In this work, we demonstrate a novel Gallium (Ga) embedded sodium-alginate-polyacrylamide-LAPONITE® (Ga-SA-PAAM-La) hydrogel, that is ultra-stretchable (Maximum strain tolerance of∼985%), tough (toughness ∼30 kJ m-3), bio-adhesive (adhesion energy ∼216 J m-2), conductive, and digitally printable. Ga nanoparticles are used as radical initiators. By adjusting the sonication parameters, we control the solution viscosity and curing time, thus allowing us to prepare pre-polymers with the desired properties for casting, or digital printing. These hydrogels benefit from a triple-network structure due to the role of Ga droplets as crosslinkers besides BIS (N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide) and LAPONITE®, thus resulting in tough composite hydrogels. The inclusion of LAPONITE® into the hydrogel network improved its electrical conductivity, adhesion, digital printability, and its mechanical properties, (>6× compared to the same hydrogel without LAPONITE®). As electrodes in the electrocardiogram, the signal-to-noise ratio was surprisingly higher than the medical-grade Ag/AgCl electrodes, which are applied for monitoring muscles, heart, respiration, and body joint angle through EMG, ECG, and bioimpedance measurements. The results obtained prove that such digitally printed conductive and tough hydrogels can be used as potential electrodes and sensors in practical applications in the next generation of printed wearable computing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Parvini
- Institute of Systems and Robotics, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-290, Portugal.
| | - Abdollah Hajalilou
- Institute of Systems and Robotics, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-290, Portugal.
| | - Pedro Alhais Lopes
- Institute of Systems and Robotics, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-290, Portugal.
| | - Miguel Soares Maranha Tiago
- Institute of Systems and Robotics, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-290, Portugal.
| | - Anibal T de Almeida
- Institute of Systems and Robotics, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-290, Portugal.
| | - Mahmoud Tavakoli
- Institute of Systems and Robotics, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-290, Portugal.
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Optical, structural and morphological properties of synthesized PANI-CSA-PEO-based GaN nanocomposite films for optoelectronic applications. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-04033-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Aina AD, Owolo O, Adeoye-Isijola M, Olukanni OD, Lateef A, Egbe T, Aina FO, Asafa TB, Abbas SH. Ecofriendly production of silver nanoparticles from the seeds of Carica papaya and its larvicidal and antibacterial efficacy against some selected bacterial pathogens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/805/1/012038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Merhebi S, Mayyas M, Abbasi R, Christoe MJ, Han J, Tang J, Rahim MA, Yang J, Tan TT, Chu D, Zhang J, Li S, Wang CH, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Allioux FM. Magnetic and Conductive Liquid Metal Gels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:20119-20128. [PMID: 32264673 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Liquid metals are fast becoming a new class of universal and frictionless additives for the development of multifunctional soft and flexible materials. Herein, nanodroplets of eutectic gallium-indium alloy, which is liquid at room temperature, were used as a platform for the formulation of electrically conductive and magnetically responsive gels with the incorporation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The nanoadditives were prepared in situ within a water-based solution of polyvinyl alcohol. A borax cross-linking reaction was then performed to yield multifunctional flexible and self-healing gels. The physicochemical properties and changes in the nanoadditives at each step of the gel preparation method were characterized. Oxidation and complexation reactions between the liquid metal and iron oxide nanoadditives were observed. A mixture of nanosized functional magnetic Fe3O4/Fe2O3 and In-Fe oxide complexes was found to enable the magnetic susceptibility of the gels. The mechanical and self-healing properties of the gels were assessed, and finally, this flexible and multifunctional material was used as an electronic switch via remote magnetic actuation. The developed conductive and magnetic gels demonstrate great potential for the design of soft electronic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Merhebi
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Mohannad Mayyas
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Roozbeh Abbasi
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Michael J Christoe
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Jialuo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Jianbo Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Md Arifur Rahim
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Jiong Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Thiam Teck Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Dewei Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Sean Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Chun H Wang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Francois-Marie Allioux
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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Lan Y, Li J, Wong-Ng W, Derbeshi RM, Li J, Lisfi A. Free-Standing Self-Assemblies of Gallium Nitride Nanoparticles: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:mi7090121. [PMID: 30404319 PMCID: PMC6190022 DOI: 10.3390/mi7090121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Gallium nitride (GaN) is an III-V semiconductor with a direct band-gap of 3 . 4 e V . GaN has important potentials in white light-emitting diodes, blue lasers, and field effect transistors because of its super thermal stability and excellent optical properties, playing main roles in future lighting to reduce energy cost and sensors to resist radiations. GaN nanomaterials inherit bulk properties of the compound while possess novel photoelectric properties of nanomaterials. The review focuses on self-assemblies of GaN nanoparticles without templates, growth mechanisms of self-assemblies, and potential applications of the assembled nanostructures on renewable energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Lan
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA.
| | - Jianye Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Winnie Wong-Ng
- Materials Science Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
| | - Rola M Derbeshi
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA.
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA.
| | - Abdellah Lisfi
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA.
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Kang BK, Lim HD, Mang SR, Song KM, Jung MK, Yoon DH. Synthesis and characteristics of ZnGa2O4 hollow nanostructures via carbon@Ga(OH)CO3@Zn(OH)2 by a hydrothermal method. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce02325k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly uniform and perfectly crystallized ZnGa2O4 hollow NSs were successfully fabricated via carbon@Ga(OH)CO3@Zn(OH)2 core–shell–shell nanostructures by a two step hydrothermal method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong Kyun Kang
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Dae Lim
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ryul Mang
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT)
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Man Song
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Mong Kwon Jung
- Hyosung Corporation
- R&D Business Labs
- Anyang 431-080, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Ho Yoon
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT)
- Sungkyunkwan University
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