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Mizuno A, Matsuoka R, Mibu T, Kusamoto T. Luminescent Radicals. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1034-1121. [PMID: 38230673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Organic radicals are attracting increasing interest as a new class of molecular emitters. They demonstrate electronic excitation and relaxation dynamics based on their doublet or higher multiplet spin states, which are different from those based on singlet-triplet manifolds of conventional closed-shell molecules. Recent studies have disclosed luminescence properties and excited state dynamics unique to radicals, such as highly efficient electron-photon conversion in OLEDs, NIR emission, magnetoluminescence, an absence of heavy atom effect, and spin-dependent and spin-selective dynamics. These are difficult or sometimes impossible to achieve with closed-shell luminophores. This review focuses on luminescent organic radicals as an emerging photofunctional molecular system, and introduces the material developments, fundamental properties including luminescence, and photofunctions. Materials covered in this review range from monoradicals, radical oligomers, and radical polymers to metal complexes with radical ligands demonstrating radical-involved emission. In addition to stable radicals, transiently formed radicals generated in situ by external stimuli are introduced. This review shows that luminescent organic radicals have great potential to expand the chemical and spin spaces of luminescent molecular materials and thus broaden their applicability to photofunctional systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asato Mizuno
- Department of Life and Coordination-Complex Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Ryota Matsuoka
- Department of Life and Coordination-Complex Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, HayamaKanagawa 240-0193, Japan
| | - Takuto Mibu
- Department of Life and Coordination-Complex Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kusamoto
- Department of Life and Coordination-Complex Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, HayamaKanagawa 240-0193, Japan
- JST-PRESTO, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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An K, Xie G, Gong S, Chen Z, Zhou X, Ni F, Yang C. Monoradically luminescent polymers by a super acid-catalyzed polymerization and deep-red electroluminescence. Sci China Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9778-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Matsui Y, Shimono K, Takae K, Namai H, Sera T, Ogaki T, Ohta E, Mizuno K, Ikeda H. Rates of Ring Opening of Radical Cation Intermediates Govern Differences in Thermoluminescence between 1‐ and 2‐Naphthyl‐Substituted Methylenecyclopropanes. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Matsui
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
- The Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED)Osaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Kazuki Shimono
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Kosuke Takae
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Hayato Namai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of ScienceTohoku University, Aoba-Ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Toshiki Sera
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Takuya Ogaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Eisuke Ohta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
- The Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED)Osaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Mizuno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
- The Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED)Osaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
- The Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED)Osaka Prefecture University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
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Matsui Y, Oishi T, Ohta E, Ikeda H. Adiabatic process of higher electronically excited states: luminescence from an excited state biradical generated by irradiation of benzophenone-substituted cyclopropanes. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Matsui
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka Prefecture University; Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
- The Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED); Osaka Prefecture University; Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Toru Oishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka Prefecture University; Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Eisuke Ohta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka Prefecture University; Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
- The Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED); Osaka Prefecture University; Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka Prefecture University; Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
- The Research Institute for Molecular Electronic Devices (RIMED); Osaka Prefecture University; Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
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Matsui Y, Usui K, Ikeda H, Irle S. Ab initio and first principles theoretical investigations of triplet–triplet fluorescence in trimethylenemethane biradicals. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16580j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Theoretical studies on triplet–triplet (T1 → T0) fluorescence of the arylated trimethylenemethane (TMM) biradicals, 32˙˙, were carried out using post-Hartree–Fock ab initio and various first principles density functional theory methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Matsui
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai
- Japan
| | - Kosuke Usui
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya, 464-8601
- Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai
- Japan
| | - Stephan Irle
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya, 464-8601
- Japan
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Resonance photoionization of a diarylethene derivative in the presence of cyclodextrins using multi-color multi-laser irradiation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Matsui Y, Kido T, Ohta E, Ikeda H. The "excited state C-C bond cleavage-luminescence" phenomenon of a biphenyl-substituted methylenecyclopropane triggered by intermolecular energy transfer from triplet benzophenone. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:13963-6. [PMID: 25267075 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06847e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Existence of the "excited state C-C bond cleavage-luminescence" phenomenon was demonstrated by utilizing intermolecular energy transfer from the excited-triplet benzophenone to 2,2-di(4-biphenylyl)-1-methylenecyclopropane (3). An excellent linear relationship between the intensity of the excitation laser light and that of luminescence clearly shows that formation of the corresponding excited trimethylenemethane biradical (3)4˙˙* proceeds via a one-photon route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Matsui
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
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Brandi A, Cicchi S, Cordero FM, Goti A. Progress in the synthesis and transformations of alkylidenecyclopropanes and alkylidenecyclobutanes. Chem Rev 2014; 114:7317-420. [PMID: 24927495 DOI: 10.1021/cr400686j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Brandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via della Lastruccia 13, I-50019-Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Uno H, Tagawa K, Mori S, Nakae T, Okujima T. Study on Hinsberg Thiophene Synthesis of 4,8-Dihydro-4,8-ethanobenzo[1,2-c;4,5-c’]dithiophene. HETEROCYCLES 2014. [DOI: 10.3987/com-13-s(s)53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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