1
|
Saraswat M, Portela-Gonzalez A, Karir G, Mendez-Vega E, Sander W, Hemberger P. Thermal Decomposition of 2- and 4-Iodobenzyl Iodide Yields Fulvenallene and Ethynylcyclopentadienes: A Joint Threshold Photoelectron and Matrix Isolation Spectroscopic Study. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:8574-8583. [PMID: 37734109 PMCID: PMC10591508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The thermal decomposition of 2- and 4-iodobenzyl iodide at high temperatures was investigated by mass-selective threshold photoelectron spectroscopy (ms-TPES) in the gas phase, as well as by matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy in cryogenic matrices. Scission of the benzylic C-I bond in the precursors at 850 K affords 2- and 4-iodobenzyl radicals (ortho- and para-IC6H4CH2•), respectively, in high yields. The adiabatic ionization energies of ortho-IC6H4CH2• to the X̃+(1A') and ã+(3A') cation states were determined to be 7.31 ± 0.01 and 8.78 ± 0.01 eV, whereas those of para-IC6H4CH2• were measured to be 7.17 ± 0.01 eV for X̃+(1A1) and 8.98 ± 0.01 eV for ã+(3A1). Vibrational frequencies of the ring breathing mode were measured to be 560 ± 80 and 240 ± 80 cm-1 for the X̃+(1A') and ã+(3A') cation states of ortho-IC6H4CH2•, respectively. At higher temperatures, subsequent aryl C-I cleavage takes place to form α,2- and α,4-didehydrotoluene diradicals, which rapidly undergo ring contraction to a stable product, fulvenallene. Nevertheless, the most intense vibrational bands of the elusive α,2- and α,4-didehydrotoluene diradicals were observed in the Ar matrices. In addition, high-energy and astrochemically relevant C7H6 isomers 1-, 2-, and 5-ethynylcyclopentadiene are observed at even higher pyrolysis temperatures along with fulvenallene. Complementary quantum chemical computations on the C7H6 potential energy surface predict a feasible reaction cascade at high temperatures from the diradicals to fulvenallene, supporting the experimental observations in both the gas phase and cryogenic matrices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Saraswat
- Lehrstuhl
für Organische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität
Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Ginny Karir
- Lehrstuhl
für Organische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität
Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Enrique Mendez-Vega
- Lehrstuhl
für Organische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität
Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Wolfram Sander
- Lehrstuhl
für Organische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität
Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Patrick Hemberger
- Laboratory
for Synchrotron Radiation and Femtochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hirsch F, Fischer I, Bakels S, Rijs AM. Gas-Phase Infrared Spectra of the C 7H 5 Radical and Its Bimolecular Reaction Products. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:2532-2540. [PMID: 35427137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c01228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Resonance-stabilized radicals are considered as possible intermediates in the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in interstellar space. Here, we investigate the fulvenallenyl radical, the most stable C7H5 isomer by IR/UV ion dip spectroscopy employing free electron laser radiation in the mid-infrared region between 550 and 1750 cm-1. The radical is generated by pyrolysis from phthalide. Various jet-cooled reaction products are identified by their mass-selective IR spectra in the fingerprint region, based on a comparison with computed spectra. Interestingly, benzyl is present as a second resonance-stabilized radical. It is connected to fulvenallenyl by a sequence of two H atom losses or additions. Among the identified aromatic hydrocarbons are toluene and styrene, as well as polycyclic molecules, such as indene, naphthalene, fluorene and phenanthrene. Mechanisms for the formation of PAH from C7H5 have already been suggested in previous computational work. In particular, the radical/radical reaction of two fulvenallenyl radicals provides an efficient route to phenanthrene in one bimolecular step and might be relevant for PAH formation under astrochemical conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Hirsch
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sjors Bakels
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk M Rijs
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Matthaei CT, Mukhopadhyay DP, Röder A, Poisson L, Fischer I. Photodissociation of the trichloromethyl radical: photofragment imaging and femtosecond photoelectron spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:928-940. [PMID: 34913455 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04084g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Halogen-containing radicals play a key role in catalytic reactions leading to stratospheric ozone destruction, thus their photochemistry is of considerable interest. Here we investigate the photodissociation dynamics of the trichloromethyl radical, CCl3 after excitation in the ultraviolet. While the primary processes directly after light absorption are followed by femtosecond-time resolved photoionisation and photoelectron spectroscopy, the reaction products are monitored by photofragment imaging using nanosecond-lasers. The dominant reaction is loss of a Cl atom, associated with a CCl2 fragment. However, the detection of Cl atoms is of limited value, because in the pyrolysis CCl2 is formed as a side product, which in turn dissociates to CCl + Cl. We therefore additionally monitored the molecular fragments CCl2 and CCl by photoionisation at 118.2 nm and disentangled the contributions from various processes. A comparison of the CCl images with control experiments on CCl2 suggest that the dissociation to CCl + Cl2 contributes to the photochemistry of CCl3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian T Matthaei
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Deb Pratim Mukhopadhyay
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Anja Röder
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany. .,LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Lionel Poisson
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. .,Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d*Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jin H, Xing L, Yang J, Zhou Z, Qi F, Farooq A. Continuous Butadiyne Addition to Propargyl: A Radical-Efficient Pathway for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8109-8114. [PMID: 34410145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) play a crucial role in soot inception, interstellar evolution, and nanomaterial synthesis. Although several mechanisms, such as hydrogen-abstraction acetylene/vinylacetylene addition, have previously been proposed, PAH formation and growth are not yet fully understood. We propose an alternate PAH growth mechanism wherein propargyl radical reacts with butadiyne to form larger radicals containing newly fused aromatic rings. Butadiyne is an important intermediate in hydrocarbon oxidation and carbon rich stars, while propargyl is one of the most important resonantly stabilized radicals that persists for long times. Our proposed mechanism is validated by quantum chemical calculations, elementary reaction experiments, laminar flame analysis, and kinetic modeling. Our findings challenge the conventional wisdom that radical site regeneration, being central to PAH growth, requires sequential hydrogen elimination and/or abstraction. In our proposed mechanism, PAH growth does not depend on abundant free radical consumption, and could, therefore, help explain carbonaceous nanoparticle coalescence in radical-deficient reaction environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanfeng Jin
- Clean Combustion Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lili Xing
- Energy and Power Engineering Institute, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Jiuzhong Yang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, China
| | - Zhongyue Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fei Qi
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Aamir Farooq
- Clean Combustion Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Matthaei CT, Mukhopadhyay DP, Fischer I. Photodissociation of Benzoyl Chloride: A Velocity Map Imaging Study Using VUV Detection of Chlorine Atoms. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:2816-2825. [PMID: 33819043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c11236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
UV photodissociation of benzoyl chloride, Ph-CO-Cl, is associated with the loss of a chlorine atom. Here we excite benzoyl chloride to the S1, S2, and S3 excited states at 237, 253, 265, and 279.6 nm and detect the Cl photofragment by [1 + 1'] photoionization using 118.9 nm VUV radiation. The translational energy distribution of the Cl atom is measured by velocity map ion imaging. An isotropic image and a unimodal translational energy distribution are observed at all dissociation wavelengths, and a fraction of 18-20% of the excess energy is released into translation. The results indicate a dissociation that predominately proceeds from the vibrationally hot S0 ground state, although the observed translational energy release deviates significantly from a prior distribution. However, the impulsive model does also not represent the translational energy release. As a Cl/Cl* branching ratio of 9:1 or more is observed in one-color experiments at 235 nm, we conclude that direct dissociation from excited electronic states contributes only to a minor extent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian T Matthaei
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Deb Pratim Mukhopadhyay
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Matsugi A. Thermal Decomposition of Benzyl Radicals: Kinetics and Spectroscopy in a Shock Tube. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:824-835. [PMID: 31917568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b10705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of high-temperature reactions of aromatic hydrocarbons and radicals is essential for the modeling of hydrocarbon growth processes in combustion environments. In this study, the thermal decomposition reaction of benzyl radicals was investigated using time-resolved broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy behind reflected shock waves at a postshock pressure of 100 kPa and temperatures of 1530, 1630, and 1740 K. The transient absorption spectra during the decomposition were recorded over the spectral range of 282-410 nm. The spectra were contributed by the absorption of benzyl radicals and some transient and residual absorbing species. The temporal behavior of the absorption was analyzed using a kinetic model to determine the rate constant for benzyl decomposition. The obtained rate constants can be represented by the Arrhenius expression k1 = 1.1 × 1012 exp(-30 500 K/T) s-1 with an estimated logarithmic uncertainty of Δlog10 k = ±0.2. Kinetic simulation of the secondary reactions indicated that fulvenallenyl radicals are potentially responsible for the transient absorption that appeared around 400 nm. This assignment is consistent with the available spectroscopic information of this radical. Possible candidates for the residual absorbing species are presented, suggesting the potential importance of ortho-benzyne as a reactive intermediate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Matsugi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , 16-1 Onogawa , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8569 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Brown AR, Brice JT, Franke PR, Douberly GE. Infrared Spectrum of Fulvenallene and Fulvenallenyl in Helium Droplets. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:3782-3792. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b01661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alaina R. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Joseph T. Brice
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Peter R. Franke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Gary E. Douberly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ashfold MNR, Ingle RA, Karsili TNV, Zhang J. Photoinduced C–H bond fission in prototypical organic molecules and radicals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:13880-13901. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07454b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We survey and assess current knowledge regarding the primary photochemistry of hydrocarbon molecules and radicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jingsong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California at Riverside
- Riverside
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ramphal IA, Shapero M, Haibach-Morris C, Neumark DM. Photodissociation dynamics of fulvenallene and the fulvenallenyl radical at 248 and 193 nm. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:29305-29314. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05490d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photofragment translational spectroscopy was used to study the photodissociation of fulvenallene, C7H6, and the fulvenallenyl radical, C7H5. Fulvenallene only loses H atoms to form fulvenallenyl. Fulvenallenyl exhibits both C2H2-loss and C3H3-loss pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac A. Ramphal
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Mark Shapero
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Daniel M. Neumark
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Qiu S, Zhang Y, Huang X, Bao L, Hong Y, Zeng Z, Wu J. 9-Ethynylfluoroenyl Radicals: Regioselective Dimerization and Post Ring-Cyclization Reactions. Org Lett 2016; 18:6018-6021. [PMID: 27934347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
9-Ethynylfluorenyl radical derivatives were readily prepared in situ and underwent simultaneous intermolecular coupling reactions. Interestingly, the dimerization process took place in either a head-to-tail or a head-to-head mode between the acetylenic or the allenic resonance forms dependent on the terminal substituents, which could be well explained by their different spin distribution and steric hindrance effects. The structures of the products were confirmed by X-ray crystallographic and other spectroscopic analyses. It was also found that the newly generated dipropinyl dimers underwent a rearrangement and ring-cyclization reaction at room temperature, eventually giving unique difluorenylidene cyclobutene derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Youyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University , Changsha 410081, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University , Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China
| | - Lipiao Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Youhua Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zebing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Schuurman MS, Giegerich J, Pachner K, Lang D, Kiendl B, MacDonell RJ, Krueger A, Fischer I. Photodissociation dynamics of cyclopropenylidene, c-C3 H2. Chemistry 2015; 21:14486-95. [PMID: 26385048 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this joint experimental and theoretical study we characterize the complete dynamical "life cycle" associated with the photoexcitation of the singlet carbene cyclopropenylidene to the lowest lying optically bright excited electronic state: from the initial creation of an excited-state wavepacket to the ultimate fragmentation of the molecule on the vibrationally hot ground electronic state. Cyclopropenylidene is prepared in this work using an improved synthetic pathway for the preparation of the precursor quadricyclane, thereby greatly simplifying the assignment of the molecular origin of the measured photofragments. The excitation process and subsequent non-adiabatic dynamics have been previously investigated employing time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and are now complemented with high-level ab initio trajectory simulations that elucidate the specific vibronic relaxation pathways. Lastly, the fragmentation channels accessed by the molecule following internal conversion are probed using velocity map imaging (VMI) so that the identity of the fragmentation products and their corresponding energy distributions can be definitively assigned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Schuurman
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6 (Canada). .,Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, D'Iorio Hall, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5 (Canada).
| | - Jens Giegerich
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany)
| | - Kai Pachner
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany)
| | - Daniel Lang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany)
| | - Benjamin Kiendl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany)
| | - Ryan J MacDonell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, D'Iorio Hall, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5 (Canada)
| | - Anke Krueger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany).
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany).
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Buckingham GT, Ormond TK, Porterfield JP, Hemberger P, Kostko O, Ahmed M, Robichaud DJ, Nimlos MR, Daily JW, Ellison GB. The thermal decomposition of the benzyl radical in a heated micro-reactor. I. Experimental findings. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:044307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4906156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Grant T. Buckingham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, USA
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - Thomas K. Ormond
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, USA
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - Jessica P. Porterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, USA
| | - Patrick Hemberger
- Molecular Dynamics Group, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Oleg Kostko
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Musahid Ahmed
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - David J. Robichaud
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - Mark R. Nimlos
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - John W. Daily
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Combustion and Environmental Research,University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, USA
| | - G. Barney Ellison
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Giegerich J, Fischer I. The photodissociation dynamics of alkyl radicals. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:044304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4906605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Giegerich
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
da Silva G. Reaction of Benzene with Atomic Carbon: Pathways to Fulvenallene and the Fulvenallenyl Radical in Extraterrestrial Atmospheres and the Interstellar Medium. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:3967-72. [DOI: 10.1021/jp503431a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel da Silva
- Department
of Chemical and
Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Giegerich J, Petersen J, Mitrić R, Fischer I. Photodissociation dynamics of propargylene, HCCCH. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:6294-302. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp53213e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a joint theoretical and experimental study on the photodissociation of the C3H2 isomer propargylene, HCCCH, combining velocity map imaging with nonadiabatic surface hopping calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Giegerich
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- University of Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jens Petersen
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- University of Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Roland Mitrić
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- University of Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- University of Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|