1
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Balzer F, Breuer T, Witte G, Schiek M. Template and Temperature-Controlled Polymorph Formation in Squaraine Thin Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:9266-9277. [PMID: 35858043 PMCID: PMC9352357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the polymorph formation in organic semiconductor thin films by the choice of processing parameters is a key factor for targeted device performance. Small molecular semiconductors such as the prototypical anilino squaraine compound with branched butyl chains as terminal functionalization (SQIB) allow both solution and vapor phase deposition methods. SQIB has been considered for various photovoltaic applications mainly as amorphous isotropic thin films due to its broad absorption within the visible to deep-red spectral range. The two known crystalline polymorphs adopting a monoclinic and orthorhombic crystal phase show characteristic Frenkel excitonic spectral signatures of overall H-type and J-type aggregates, respectively, with additional pronounced Davydov splitting. This gives a recognizable polarized optical response of crystalline thin films suitable for identification of the polymorphs. Both phases emerge with a strongly preferred out-of-plane and rather random in-plane orientation in spin-casted thin films depending on subsequent thermal annealing. By contrast, upon vapor deposition on dielectric and conductive substrates, such as silicon dioxide, potassium chloride, graphene, and gold, the polymorph expression depends basically on the choice of growth substrate. The same pronounced out-of-plane orientation is adopted in all crystalline cases, but with a surface templated in-plane alignment in case of crystalline substrates. Strikingly, the amorphous isotropic thin films obtained by vapor deposition cannot be crystallized by thermal postannealing, which is a key feature for the spin-casted thin films, here monitored by polarized in situ microscopy. Combining X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, ellipsometry, and polarized spectro-microscopy, we identify the processing-dependent evolution of the crystal phases, correlating morphology and molecular orientations within the textured SQIB films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Balzer
- SDU
Centre for Photonics Engineering, University
of Southern Denmark, Sønderborg DK-6400, Denmark
| | - Tobias Breuer
- Department
of Physics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg D-35032, Germany
| | - Gregor Witte
- Department
of Physics, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg D-35032, Germany
| | - Manuela Schiek
- Institute
of Physics, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg D-26111, Germany
- Center
for Surface- and Nanoanalytics (ZONA), Institute for Physical Chemistry
(IPC) & Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Johannes Kepler University, Linz A-4040, Austria
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2
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Synthesis and Nanoarchitectonics of Novel Squaraine Derivatives for Organic Photovoltaic Devices. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12071206. [PMID: 35407324 PMCID: PMC9000516 DOI: 10.3390/nano12071206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Necessary advancements in the area of organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices include the upgrade of power conversion efficiencies (PCE) and stability. One answer to these demands lies in the research into new absorbers. Here, we focus on the development of new small molecule absorbers from the group of squaraines (SQs). These modular absorbers can be applied as donors in organic solar cells and have the ability to utilize a broad range of solar radiation if blended with suitable acceptors. In order to allow for the compatibility and favorable organization of donor and acceptor in the absorber layer, we intend to optimize the structure of the SQ by varying the groups attached to the squaric acid core. For that purpose, we accordingly developed a well-suited synthesis route. The novel alkyl- and benzyl-substituted aryl aminosquaraines were synthesized through an improved and eco-friendly procedure. Special emphasis was placed on optimizing the amination reaction to obtain initial precursors in the synthesis of squaraine, avoiding hitherto common catalytic processes. All SQ precursors and SQ products were completely described. The derived SQs were additionally characterized in thin-film configuration using cyclic voltammetry and UV-VIS spectroscopy and then processed to prepare self-standing bulk heterojunction (BHJ) thin films in conjunction with fullerene-based electron acceptors, which were characterized via profilometry. The comparison between SQ and BHJ solutions and thin films, using atomic force microscopy and UV-VIS spectroscopy, revealed differences in susceptibility for the organization and orientation of the constituting domains.
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3
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Gunturu KC, Schulzke C. A computational probe granting insight into intra and inter-stacking interactions in squaraine dye derivatives. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:22404-22417. [PMID: 34278409 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01387d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In order to decipher structure function relationships regarding the optoelectronic properties of organic functional materials, two sets of anilinosquaraine dye derivatives were analysed computationally. 2,4-Bis[4-(N,N-diisobutylamino)-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl]squaraine exhibits orthorhombic and monoclinic polymorphs (motif-1 and motif-2) in bulk and spin coated films, respectively, and concomitant J- and H-aggregate spectral features. In the second set, in spite of variation in the n-alkyl chain of the anilinosquaraine derivatives (n-propyl vs. n-butyl; motif-3 and motif-4), both acquired triclinic morphology and intermolecular charge transfer had been identified as the origin of their panchromaticity. The differences between these motifs were closely inspected at the theoretical level including geometrical parameters, internal reorganization energies, charge transfer integrals, drift mobilities, interaction energies and lattice energies along with a comprehensive Hirshfeld surface analysis. A correlation was established between C⋯C type intra-stack interactions with the observed red-shifted absorption patterns in the order motif-1 > motif-3 > motif-4. Hydrophobic interactions, π-π interactions and hydrogen bonds were found to influence the crystal packing patterns and concomitantly the overall molecule planarity and thereby the extent of π-bond delocalization/resonance. Insights into intra-stack and inter-stack interactions based on crystal packing effects are provided, which support and potentially guide the experimentalists' key ideas for shaping and encompassing the applications of promising squaraine derivative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carola Schulzke
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
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4
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Rösch AT, Söntjens SHM, Robben J, Palmans ARA, Schnitzer T. Rotational Isomerism of an Amide Substituted Squaraine Dye: A Combined Spectroscopic and Computational Study. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13100-13103. [PMID: 34469161 PMCID: PMC8453623 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The conformational
analysis of a 2,4-bis(4-dialkylamino-2-amido)phenyl
squaraine dye revealed the presence of two rotational isomers at room
temperature. Combination of spectroscopic and computational techniques
showed that the rotational barrier is influenced by hydrogen bonds
between the amido substituents and the oxygen atoms at the quadratic
core. Even small amounts of trifluoroacetic acid interfered with the
intramolecular hydrogen bond formation and accelerated the interconversion
of the conformers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas T Rösch
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Serge H M Söntjens
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jorn Robben
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anja R A Palmans
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Schnitzer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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5
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Shen CA, Stolte M, Kim JH, Rausch A, Würthner F. Double J-Coupling Strategy for Near Infrared Emitters. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11946-11950. [PMID: 34323483 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fluorophores emitting in the near-infrared (NIR) are highly desired for various applications, but increasing nonradiative rates cause severe fluorescence quenching for wavelengths beyond 800 nm. Here, a bis(squaraine) dye is reported that bears two NIR dyes in a head-to-tail chromophore arrangement. This arrangement leads to intramolecular J-type exciton coupling, resulting in an absorption maximum at 961 nm and a fluorescence peak at 971 nm with a quantum yield of 0.33% in chloroform. In less polar toluene, the bis(squaraine) self-assembles into nanofibers, affording another bathochromic shift with an absorption maximum at 1095 nm and a fluorescence peak at 1116 nm originating from intermolecular J-type coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-An Shen
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jin Hong Kim
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anja Rausch
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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6
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Kaczmarek H, Rybczyński P, Maćczak P, Smolarkiewicz-Wyczachowski A, Ziegler-Borowska M. Chitosan as a Protective Matrix for the Squaraine Dye. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1171. [PMID: 33801523 PMCID: PMC7958846 DOI: 10.3390/ma14051171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan was used as a protective matrix for the photosensitive dye-squaraine (2,4-bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]cyclobutane-1,3-diol). The physicochemical properties of the obtained systems, both in solution and in a solid-state, were investigated. However, it was found that diluted chitosan solutions with a few percent additions of dye show an intense fluorescence, which is suppressed in the solid-state. This is related to the morphology of the heterogeneous modified chitosan films. The important advantage of using a biopolymer matrix is the prevention of dye degradation under the influence of high energy ultraviolet (UV) radiation while the dye presence improves the chitosan heat resistance. It is caused by mutual interactions between macromolecules and dye. Owing to the protective action of chitosan, the dye release in liquid medium is limited. Chitosan solutions with a few percent additions of squaraine can be used in biomedical imaging thanks to the ability to emit light, while chitosan films can be protective coatings resistant to high temperatures and UV radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Kaczmarek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (P.R.); (P.M.); (A.S.-W.); (M.Z.-B.)
| | - Patryk Rybczyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (P.R.); (P.M.); (A.S.-W.); (M.Z.-B.)
| | - Piotr Maćczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (P.R.); (P.M.); (A.S.-W.); (M.Z.-B.)
- Water Supply and Sewage Enterprise LLC, Przemysłowa 4, 99-300 Kutno, Poland
| | | | - Marta Ziegler-Borowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (P.R.); (P.M.); (A.S.-W.); (M.Z.-B.)
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7
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Rösch AT, Zhu Q, Robben J, Tassinari F, Meskers SCJ, Naaman R, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. Helicity Control in the Aggregation of Achiral Squaraine Dyes in Solution and Thin Films. Chemistry 2021; 27:298-306. [PMID: 32705726 PMCID: PMC7839690 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Squaraine dyes are well known for their strong absorption in the visible regime. Reports on chiral squaraine dyes are, however, scarce. To address this gap, we here report two novel chiral squaraine dyes and their achiral counterparts. The presented dyes are aggregated in solution and in thin films. A detailed chiroptical study shows that thin films formed by co-assembling the chiral dye with its achiral counterpart exhibit exceptional photophysical properties. The circular dichroism (CD) of the co-assembled structures reaches a maximum when just 25 % of the chiral dye are present in the mixture. The solid structures with the highest relative CD effect are achieved when the chiral dye is used solely as a director, rather than the structural component. The chiroptical data are further supported by selected spin-filtering measurements using mc-AFM. These findings provide a promising platform for investigating the relationship between the dissymmetry of a supramolecular structure and emerging material properties rather than a comparison between a chiral molecular structure and an achiral counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas T. Rösch
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Qirong Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological PhysicsWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot76100Israel
| | - Jorn Robben
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Department of Chemical and Biological PhysicsWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot76100Israel
| | - Stefan C. J. Meskers
- Department of Applied PhysicsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological PhysicsWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot76100Israel
| | - Anja R. A. Palmans
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
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8
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Zablocki J, Arteaga O, Balzer F, Hertel D, Holstein JJ, Clever G, Anhäuser J, Puttreddy R, Rissanen K, Meerholz K, Lützen A, Schiek M. Polymorphic chiral squaraine crystallites in textured thin films. Chirality 2020; 32:619-631. [PMID: 32155676 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
An enantiomerically pure (R)-2-methylpyrrolidine-based anilino squaraine crystallizes in two chiral polymorphs adopting a monoclinic C2 and an orthorhombic P21 21 21 structure, respectively. By various thin-film preparation techniques, a control of the polymorph formation is targeted. The local texture of the resulting textured thin films is connected to the corresponding optical properties. Special attention is paid to an unusual Davydov splitting, the anisotropic chiroptical response arising from preferred out-of-plane orientation of the crystallites, and the impact of the polymorph specific excitonic coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Zablocki
- Kekulé Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Oriol Arteaga
- IN2UB, Department De Física Aplicada, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Frank Balzer
- Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Sonderborg, Denmark
| | - Dirk Hertel
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Julian J Holstein
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Guido Clever
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jana Anhäuser
- Kekulé Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rakesh Puttreddy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Klaus Meerholz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Manuela Schiek
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,University of Oldenburg Institute of Physics, Oldenburg, Germany
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9
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Munavalli BB, Naik SR, Kariduraganavar MY. Development of robust proton exchange membranes for fuel cell applications by the incorporation of sulfonated β-cyclodextrin into crosslinked sulfonated poly(vinyl alcohol). Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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10
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Zhang M, Jin R. Rational design of near-infrared dyes based on boron dipyrromethene derivatives for application in organic solar cells. RSC Adv 2018; 8:33659-33665. [PMID: 35548832 PMCID: PMC9086563 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06940a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aim to further improve the light-absorption efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs), we have designed a series of novel pyrrolopyrrole boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) derivatives by replacing the sulfur atom and introducing different fused aromatic heterocycle end-caps. The optical, electronic, and charge transporting properties of the designed molecules have been systematically investigated by applying density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) methodologies. The calculated the frontier molecular orbital (FMO) energies and spectral properties showed that the designed molecules exhibit narrower band gaps and strong absorption in the red/near-infrared (NIR) region, which led to the higher light-absorbing efficiency. Furthermore, the calculated reorganization energies show that the designed molecules are expected to be promising candidates for hole and/or electron transport materials. The results reveal that the designed molecules can serve as high-efficiency red/NIR-active donor materials as well as hole and/or electron transport materials in OSC applications. A series of novel pyrrolopyrrole boron dipyrromethene derivatives have been designed as high-efficiency red/near-infrared-active donor materials and charge transport materials in OSC applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chifeng University
- Chifeng 024000
- China
| | - Ruifa Jin
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chifeng University
- Chifeng 024000
- China
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11
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12
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Broggi A, Kim H, Jung J, Bracciale MP, Santarelli ML, Kim C, Marrocchi A. Squaraine-Based Polymers: Toward Optimized Structures for Optoelectronic Devices. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Broggi
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Materials and Environment; Sapienza University of Rome; Via Eudossiana 18 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Hyungsug Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Sogang University; Seoul 04107 Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Jung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Maria Paola Bracciale
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Materials and Environment; Sapienza University of Rome; Via Eudossiana 18 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Maria Laura Santarelli
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Materials and Environment; Sapienza University of Rome; Via Eudossiana 18 00185 Roma Italy
| | - Choongik Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Sogang University; Seoul 04107 Republic of Korea
| | - Assunta Marrocchi
- Laboratory of Green Synthetic Organic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; Biology and Biotechnology; University of Perugia; Via Elce di Sotto 8 06123 Perugia Italy
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13
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Magnusson M, Yuen AK, Zhang R, Wright JT, Taylor RB, Maschmeyer T, de Nys R. A comparative assessment of microwave assisted (MAE) and conventional solid-liquid (SLE) techniques for the extraction of phloroglucinol from brown seaweed. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Schulz M, Mack M, Kolloge O, Lützen A, Schiek M. Organic photodiodes from homochiral l-proline derived squaraine compounds with strong circular dichroism. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:6996-7008. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp00306d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the feasibility of inserting highly circular dichroic active layers into an organic photodiode as a potential detector for circular polarized light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schulz
- Kekulé Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn
- D-53121 Bonn
- Germany
| | - Majvor Mack
- Energy and Semiconductor Research Laboratory
- Institute of Physics
- University of Oldenburg
- D-26129 Oldenburg
- Germany
| | - Oliver Kolloge
- Energy and Semiconductor Research Laboratory
- Institute of Physics
- University of Oldenburg
- D-26129 Oldenburg
- Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn
- D-53121 Bonn
- Germany
| | - Manuela Schiek
- Energy and Semiconductor Research Laboratory
- Institute of Physics
- University of Oldenburg
- D-26129 Oldenburg
- Germany
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15
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Abdullaeva OS, Schulz M, Balzer F, Parisi J, Lützen A, Dedek K, Schiek M. Photoelectrical Stimulation of Neuronal Cells by an Organic Semiconductor-Electrolyte Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:8533-8542. [PMID: 27480642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
As a step toward the realization of neuroprosthetics for vision restoration, we follow an electrophysiological patch-clamp approach to study the fundamental photoelectrical stimulation mechanism of neuronal model cells by an organic semiconductor-electrolyte interface. Our photoactive layer consisting of an anilino-squaraine donor blended with a fullerene acceptor is supporting the growth of the neuronal model cell line (N2A cells) without an adhesion layer on it and is not impairing cell viability. The transient photocurrent signal upon illumination from the semiconductor-electrolyte layer is able to trigger a passive response of the neuronal cells under physiological conditions via a capacitive coupling mechanism. We study the dynamics of the capacitive transmembrane currents by patch-clamp recordings and compare them to the dynamics of the photocurrent signal and its spectral responsivity. Furthermore, we characterize the morphology of the semiconductor-electrolyte interface by atomic force microscopy and study the stability of the interface in dark and under illuminated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias Schulz
- Kekulé Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn , Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Balzer
- Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern Denmark , Alsion 2, DK-6400 Sønderborg, Denmark
| | | | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn , Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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16
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Turrisi R, Mascheroni L, Sassi M, Rooney M, Buccheri N, Ruffo R, Facchetti A, Beverina L. Synthesis and Characterization of Squaraine-Based Photocrosslinkable Resists for Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Turrisi
- Department of Materials Science; University of Milano Bicocca; Via Roberto Cozzi 55 20125, Italy Milano
| | - Luca Mascheroni
- Department of Materials Science; University of Milano Bicocca; Via Roberto Cozzi 55 20125, Italy Milano
| | - Mauro Sassi
- Department of Materials Science; University of Milano Bicocca; Via Roberto Cozzi 55 20125, Italy Milano
| | - Myles Rooney
- Department of Materials Science; University of Milano Bicocca; Via Roberto Cozzi 55 20125, Italy Milano
| | - Nunzio Buccheri
- Department of Materials Science; University of Milano Bicocca; Via Roberto Cozzi 55 20125, Italy Milano
| | - Riccardo Ruffo
- Department of Materials Science; University of Milano Bicocca; Via Roberto Cozzi 55 20125, Italy Milano
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Centre; Northwestern University; North Sheridan Road 60208 Evanston Illinois USA
- Polyera Corporation; 8045 Lamon Avenue Skokie Illinois 60077 USA
| | - Luca Beverina
- Department of Materials Science; University of Milano Bicocca; Via Roberto Cozzi 55 20125, Italy Milano
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17
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Rational Design of Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Small Moleculesas Donating Materials for Organic Solar Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:20326-43. [PMID: 26343640 PMCID: PMC4613206 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160920326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of diketopyrrolopyrrole-based small molecules have been designed to explore their optical, electronic, and charge transport properties as organic solar cell(OSCs) materials. The calculation results showed that the designed molecules can lower the band gap and extend the absorption spectrum towards longer wavelengths.The designed molecules own the large longest wavelength of absorption spectra,the oscillator strength, and absorption region values. The optical, electronic, and charge transport properties of the designed molecules are affected by the introduction of different π-bridges and end groups. We have also predicted the mobility of the designed molecule with the lowest total energies. Our results reveal that the designed molecules are expected to be promising candidates for OSC materials. Additionally, the designed molecules are expected to be promising candidates for electron and/or hole transport materials. On the basis of our results, we suggest that molecules under investigation are suitable donors for[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and its derivatives as acceptors of OSCs.
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18
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Jin RF, Chang YF. A theoretical study on photophysical properties of triphenylamine-cored molecules with naphthalimide arms and different π-conjugated bridges as organic solar cell materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:2094-103. [PMID: 25482452 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04394d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Theoretical investigations show that star-shaped molecules are expected to be promising candidates for charge transfer and donor materials for OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. F. Jin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chifeng University
- Chifeng 024000
- China
| | - Y. F. Chang
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024
- China
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19
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Sasabe H, Igrashi T, Sasaki Y, Chen G, Hong Z, Kido J. Soluble squaraine derivatives for 4.9% efficient organic photovoltaic cells. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08171d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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20
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Boterashvili M, Lahav M, Shankar S, Facchetti A, van der Boom ME. On-Surface Solvent-Free Crystal-to-Co-crystal Conversion by Non-Covalent Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:11926-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5066587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meital Boterashvili
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl
St., Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Michal Lahav
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl
St., Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Sreejith Shankar
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl
St., Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department
of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Milko E. van der Boom
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl
St., Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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