1
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Saha SK, Mallick S, Nath A, De Sarkar S. Electrosynthesis of Highly Functionalized Quinolines through Radical Annulation-Polar Addition Cascade. Org Lett 2024; 26:7330-7335. [PMID: 39172934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Synthesis of diversely functionalized quinoline-2-carboxylates is illustrated through electrochemical cross-dehydrogenative coupling between N-aryl glycinates and methylenecyclopropanes. An extensive range of distinct functionalities is well-compatible under these transition-metal- and oxidant-free mild electrochemical conditions, contributing to a broad substrate scope and practical applicability. Cyclic voltammetric measurements and control experiments suggested a formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition involving radical intermediates, followed by a cyclopropyl ring opening through nucleophilic polar addition, consecutively fabricating C-C and C-N bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kumar Saha
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Samrat Mallick
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Aritra Nath
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Suman De Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur-741246, West Bengal, India
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2
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Navaneetha N, Munakala A, Chegondi R. Ag(I)-catalyzed diastereoselective oxidative cyclopropanation of prochiral alkyne-tethered 1,3-dicarbonitriles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 39239712 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03697b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we developed a highly diastereoselective silver-catalyzed intramolecular cyclopropanation of prochiral alkyne-tethered 1,3-dicarbonitriles using perchloric acid as an effective oxidizing agent. This method facilitates the construction of densely functionalized complex [6.6.5.3] frameworks having three all-carbon quaternary stereocenters in high yields. The significance of the reaction was demonstrated by a gram-scale reaction and post-synthetic modifications of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Navaneetha
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Anandarao Munakala
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Rambabu Chegondi
- Department of Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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3
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Ratzenböck A, Kobras M, Rustler A, Reiser O. Lewis Acid Catalyzed Cyclopropane Ring-Opening-Cyclization Cascade Using Thioureas as a N,N-bisnucleophile: Synthesis of Bicyclic Furo-, Pyrano-, and Pyrrololactams via a Formal [4+1]-Addition. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401332. [PMID: 38897923 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Fused bicyclic cyclopropanes were converted by Lewis acid-catalysis with thioureas to furo-, pyrano, and pyrrololactams with yields of up to 99 % and high diastereoselectivity. The formation of the title compounds, representing a formal [4+1]-cycloaddition to a donor-acceptor substituted cyclopropane, follows a cascade reaction involving SN1-type ring-opening addition and cyclization. Thiourea, being a cost-effective and odorless reagent, acts as an N,N-bis-nucleophile to generate bicyclic compounds containing an N-substituted γ-lactam moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ratzenböck
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manuel Kobras
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anna Rustler
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Reiser
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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4
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Li H, Cheng W, Lv J, Wang C. Synthesis of Fully Substituted Pyrazoles with a Dicyanomethyl Group via DBU/Lewis Acid-Mediated Annulation of D-A Cyclopropanes with Arylhydrazines. J Org Chem 2024; 89:10355-10362. [PMID: 38959522 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The efficient synthesis of fully substituted pyrazoles with a dicyanomethyl group was developed via an annulation reaction of 2-aroyl D-A cyclopropanes with arylhydrazines in the presence of DBU/AlCl3 reaction systems. This synthetic approach featured a wide range of readily available aroyl-substituted D-A cyclopropanes with diverse functional groups and a diversity of substituents on pyrazole products and had operationally simple and mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Street, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhe Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Street, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Jiaman Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Street, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Cunde Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Street, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
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5
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Li H, Cheng W, Wang C. Annulation of 2-Aroyl D-A Cyclopropanes via Selectively Ring-Opening Process with o-Benzenediamines to Access Quinoxaline Derivatives. J Org Chem 2024; 89:10333-10337. [PMID: 38953243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
An annulation reaction of 2-aroyl D-A cyclopropanes with o-benzenediamines via selective cleavage of C-C bonds of cyclopropane in the presence of DBU/Sc(OTf)3 reaction systems was developed for the direct preparation of 2-aryl-3-benzylquinoxalines. This synthetic approach tolerated a wide range of readily available aroyl-substituted D-A cyclopropanes with diverse functional groups and had operationally simple and mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University,180 Siwangting Street, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhe Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University,180 Siwangting Street, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Cunde Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University,180 Siwangting Street, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
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6
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Nicolai S, Waser J. Lewis acid catalyzed [4+2] annulation of bicyclobutanes with dienol ethers for the synthesis of bicyclo[4.1.1]octanes. Chem Sci 2024; 15:10823-10829. [PMID: 39027289 PMCID: PMC11253158 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02767a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Bicyclic carbocycles containing a high fraction of Csp3 have become highly attractive synthetic targets because of the multiple applications they have found in medicinal chemistry. The formal cycloaddition of bicyclobutanes (BCBs) with two- or three-atom partners has recently been extensively explored for the construction of bicyclohexanes and bicycloheptanes, but applications to the synthesis of medium-sized bridged carbocycles remained more limited. We report herein the formal [4+2] cycloaddition of BCB ketones with silyl dienol ethers. The reaction occurred in the presence of 5 mol% aluminium triflate as a Lewis acid catalyst. Upon acidic hydrolysis of the enol ether intermediates, rigid bicyclo[4.1.1]octane (BCO) diketones could be accessed in up to quantitative yields. This procedure tolerated a range of both aromatic and aliphatic substituents on both the BCB substrates and the dienes. The obtained BCO products could be functionalized through reduction and cross-coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Nicolai
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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7
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Indurmuddam RR, Huang PC, Hong BC, Chien SY. Visible-Light-Photocatalyzed Self-Cyclopropanation Reactions of Dibenzoylmethanes for the Synthesis of Cyclopropanes. Org Lett 2024; 26:5752-5757. [PMID: 38949643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
A new self-cyclopropanation of 1,3-diphenylpropane-1,3-dione, leading to tetrasubstituted cyclopropane containing three contiguous stereogenic centers with high stereoselectivity, has been achieved through violet-light-emitting diode-irradiated photocatalysis, featuring both cycloaddition and a distinctive rearrangement. Diverging from conventional cyclopropanation pathways, this reaction yields a tetrasubstituted cyclopropane through unprecedented rearrangement and cascade reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pei-Chi Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 621, Taiwan ROC
| | - Bor-Cherng Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 621, Taiwan ROC
| | - Su-Ying Chien
- Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan ROC
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8
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Reyes E, Uria U, Prieto L, Carrillo L, Vicario JL. Organocatalysis as an enabling tool for enantioselective ring-opening reactions of cyclopropanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:7288-7298. [PMID: 38938176 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01933d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The rich reactivity profile of cyclopropanes has been extensively explored to trigger new organic transformations that enable unusual disconnective approaches to synthesize molecular motifs that are not easily reached through conventional reactions. In particular, the chemistry of cyclopropanes has received special attention in the last decade, with multiple new approaches that capitalize on the use of organocatalysis for the activation of the cyclopropane scaffold. This situation has also opened the possibility of developing enantioselective variants of many reactions that until now were only carried out in an enantiospecific or diastereoselective manner. Our group has been particularly active in this field, focusing more specifically on the use of aminocatalysis and Brønsted acid catalysis as major organocatalytic activation manifolds to trigger new unprecedented transformations involving cyclopropanes that add to the current toolbox of general methodologies available to organic chemists for the enantioselective synthesis of chiral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efraim Reyes
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Uxue Uria
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Liher Prieto
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Luisa Carrillo
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Jose L Vicario
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
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9
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Yaragorla S, Tiwari D, Lone MS. Mechanochemical Cascade Cyclization of Cyclopropyl Ketones with 1,2-Diamino Arenes for the Direct Synthesis of 1,2-Disubstituted Benzimidazoles†. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9427-9439. [PMID: 38905327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
A mechanochemical synthesis of 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles from donor-acceptor cyclopropyl ketones and 1,2-diaminoarenes under metal-free and solventless conditions is reported. The reaction does not require inert conditions and is promoted by a stoichiometric amount of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol. This cascade reaction involves ring-opening, cyclization, and retro-Mannich reaction of cyclopropyl ketones with aryl 1,2-diamines. Compared to its solution-phase counterpart, this mechanochemical approach shows fast reactivity (24 vs 1.5 h). Mechanistic investigations by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry helped us to propose the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasarao Yaragorla
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Divyanshu Tiwari
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Mehak Saba Lone
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
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10
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Lv S, Xu WF, Yang TY, Lan MX, Xiao RX, Mou XQ, Chen YZ, Cui BD. Iron(II)-Catalyzed Radical [3 + 2] Cyclization of N-Aryl Cyclopropylamines for the Synthesis of Polyfunctionalized Cyclopentylamines. Org Lett 2024; 26:3151-3157. [PMID: 38564713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
A facile iron(II)-catalyzed radical [3 + 2] cyclization of N-aryl cyclopropylamines with various alkenes to access the structurally polyfunctionalized cyclopentylamine scaffolds has been developed. Using low-cost FeCl2·4H2O as catalyst, N-aryl cyclopropylamines could be utilized to react with a wide range of alkenes including exocyclic/acyclic terminal alkenes, cycloalkenes, alkenes from the natural-occurring compounds (Alantolactone, Costunolide), and known drugs (Ibuprofen, l-phenylalanine, Flurbiprofen) to obtain a variety of cyclopentylamines fused with different useful motifs in generally good yields and diastereoselectivities. The highlight of this protocol is also featured by no extra oxidant, no base, EtOH as the solvent, gram-scale synthesis, and further diverse transformations of the synthetic products. More importantly, an iron(II)-mediated hydrogen radical dissociation pathway was proposed based on the mechanism research experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Wen-Feng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Ting-You Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Ming-Xing Lan
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Ren-Xu Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Xue-Qing Mou
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yong-Zheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Bao-Dong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
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11
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Daniel FL, Srinivasan K. Intramolecular 1,2-Aroyl Migration in Spiro Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes: Formation of 1,4-Naphthoquinones and 1-Naphthols as Ring-Expansion Products. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5304-5313. [PMID: 38593430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Most of the known rearrangement reactions of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes (DACs) involve the migration of cationic carbon atom to anionic carbon or heteroatoms in 1,3- or 1,4-positions. In the present work, we observed that spiro DACs based on 1,3-indanedione or 1-indanone moiety undergo intramolecular 1,2-aroyl migration when treated with titanium(IV) chloride to afford 1,4-naphthoquinones and α-naphthols readily. The reactions take place through the formation of putative 1,3-dipolar intermediates, followed by cleavage and migration of the aroyl group to the adjacent carbon to afford the ring-expansion products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin Leslin Daniel
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 024, India
| | - Kannupal Srinivasan
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 024, India
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12
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Karjee P, Debnath B, Mandal S, Saha S, Punniyamurthy T. One-pot C-N/C-C bond formation and oxidation of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes with tetrahydroisoquinolines: access to benzo-fused indolizines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4068-4071. [PMID: 38506143 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00810c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
One-pot C-N/C-C bond formation of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes (DACs) with tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) has been achieved to furnish benzo-fused indolizines. These reactions involve a MgI2-catalyzed ring opening of DACs and oxidative annulation using Mn(OAc)3·2H2O. The substrate scope and functional group diversity are the important practical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallab Karjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India.
| | - Bijoy Debnath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India.
| | - Santu Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India.
| | - Sharajit Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India.
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13
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Quezada V, Castroagudín M, Verdugo F, Ortiz S, Zaragoza G, Nachtigall FM, Reis FAA, Castro-Alvarez A, Santos LS, Nelson R. Nickel(II)-Catalyzed Formal [3+2] Cycloadditions between Indoles and Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes. Molecules 2024; 29:1604. [PMID: 38611883 PMCID: PMC11013886 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This article describes the development of a nickel-catalyzed regio- and diastereoselective formal [3+2] cycloaddition between N-substituted indoles and donor-acceptor cyclopropanes to synthesize cyclopenta[b]indoles. Optimized reaction conditions provide the desired nitrogen-containing cycloadducts in up to 93% yield and dr 8.6:1 with complete regioselectivity. The substrate scope showed high tolerance to various substituted indoles and cyclopropanes, resulting in the synthesis of six new cyclopenta[b]indoles and the isolation of five derivatives previously reported in the literature. In addition, a mechanistic proposal for the reaction was studied through online reaction monitoring by ESI-MS, allowing for the identification of the reactive intermediates in the Ni(II) catalyzed process. X-ray crystallography confirmed the structure and relative endo stereochemistry of the products. This method enables the fast and efficient construction of fused indolines from readily accessible starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Quezada
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile; (V.Q.); (M.C.)
| | - Mariña Castroagudín
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile; (V.Q.); (M.C.)
| | - Felipe Verdugo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Concepción 4070371, Chile;
| | - Sergio Ortiz
- UMR 7200 Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, CNRS, Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Université de Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France;
| | - Guillermo Zaragoza
- Unidade de Difracción de Raios X, RIAIDT, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus VIDA, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Fabiane M. Nachtigall
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3467987, Chile;
| | - Francisco A. A. Reis
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, Chemistry Institute of Natural Resources, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - Alejandro Castro-Alvarez
- Departamento de Ciencias Preclínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Leonardo S. Santos
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, Chemistry Institute of Natural Resources, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - Ronald Nelson
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile; (V.Q.); (M.C.)
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14
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Mishra M, Verma K, Banerjee S, Punniyamurthy T. Iron-catalyzed cascade C-C/C-O bond formation of 2,4-dienals with donor-acceptor cyclopropanes: access to functionalized hexahydrocyclopentapyrans. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:2788-2791. [PMID: 38362602 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc06261a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Iron-catalyzed cascade C-C and C-O bond formation of 2,4-dienals with donor-acceptor cyclopropanes (DACs) has been developed to furnish hexahydrocyclopentapyrans. Optically active DACs can be coupled stereospecifically (>97% ee). Chirality transfer, use of iron-catalysis and substrate scope are the salient practical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manmath Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
| | - Kshitiz Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
| | - Sonbidya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
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15
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Wang J, Ye Q. Borirenes and Boriranes: Development and Perspectives. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303695. [PMID: 38085103 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023]
Abstract
Strained compounds constitute a highly topical area of research in chemistry. Borirene and borirane both feature a BC2 three-membered ring. They can be viewed as the structural analogues of cyclopropane and cyclopropene, where a CH2 unit of the carbonaceous counterparts is replaced with BH, respectively. Indeed, this structural variation introduces numerous intriguing aspects. For instance, borirane and borirene are both Lewis acidic due to the presence of a tricoordinate borane center. In addition, borirene is 2π aromatic according to Hückel's rule. In addition to their ability to form adducts with Lewis bases and the capacity of borirenes to act as ligands in coordination with metals, both borirenes and boriranes exhibit ring-opening reactivity due to the considerable ring strain. Under specific conditions, coordinated boriranes can even cleave two BC bonds to serve as formal borylene sources (although the reaction mechanisms are quite complex). On the other hand, recent successful syntheses of benzoborienes and their carborane-based three-dimensional analogues (also referred to as carborane-fused boriranes) have introduced novel perspectives to this field. For instance, they display excellent ring-expanding reactivity, possibly attributed to the boosted ring strain arising from the fusion of borirenes with benzene and boriranes with o-carborane. Importantly, their applications as valuable "BC2 " synthons have become increasingly evident along with the newly disclosed reactivity. Additionally, the boosted Lewis acidity of carborane-fused boriranes, thanks to the potent electron-withdrawing effect of o-carborane, combined with their readiness for ring enlargement, makes them promising candidates as electron-accepting building blocks in the construction of chemically responsive luminescent materials. This review provides a summary of the synthesis and reactivity of borirene and borirane derivatives, with the aim of encouraging the design of new borierene- and borirane-based molecules and inspiring further exploration of their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Wang
- Department of chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Qing Ye
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry& Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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16
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Meng Y, Gu J, Xin M, Jiang Y, Du Z, Lu G, Jiang J, Chan ASC, Ke Z, Zou Y. Chalcone-Based Synthesis of Tetrahydropyridazines via Cloke-Wilson-Type Rearrangement-Involved Tandem Reaction between Cyclopropyl Ketones and Hydrazines. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2726-2740. [PMID: 38307838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
A facile and efficient approach for the synthesis of multisubstituted tetrahydropyridazines starting from cyclopropyl ketones and hydrazines has been developed. The transformation is chalcone-based and takes place via a Cloke-Wilson-type rearrangement-involved tandem reaction catalyzed by TfOH in HFIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfen Meng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Meixiu Xin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibo Du
- Zhongshan WanHan Pharmceutical Company, Ltd., Zhongshan 528451, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayao Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Albert S C Chan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
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17
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Plodukhin AY, Boichenko MA, Andreev IA, Tarasenko EA, Anisovich KV, Ratmanova NK, Zhokhov SS, Trushkov IV, Ivanova OA. Concise approach to γ-(het)aryl- and γ-alkenyl-γ-aminobutyric acids. Synthesis of vigabatrin. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:1027-1033. [PMID: 38193622 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01769a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and GABA derivatives have attracted increased attention over the years in the fields of medicinal chemistry and chemical biology due to their interesting biological properties and synthetic relevance. Here, we report a short synthetic route to γ-(het)aryl- and γ-alkenyl-γ-aminobutyric acids, including the antiepileptic drug vigabatrin, from readily available donor-acceptor cyclopropanes and ammonia or methylamine. This protocol includes a facile synthesis of 2-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxamides and their acid hydrolysis to γ-aryl- or γ-alkenyl-substituted GABAs, which can serve as perspective building blocks for the synthesis of various GABA-based N-heterocycles and bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Yu Plodukhin
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Maksim A Boichenko
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Ivan A Andreev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Samory Mashela 1, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Elena A Tarasenko
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Kanstantsin V Anisovich
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Nina K Ratmanova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Samory Mashela 1, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Sergey S Zhokhov
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Igor V Trushkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Olga A Ivanova
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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18
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Xu Y, Gao HX, Pan C, Shi Y, Zhang C, Huang G, Feng C. Stereoselective Photoredox Catalyzed (3+3) Dipolar Cycloaddition of Nitrone with Aryl Cyclopropane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310671. [PMID: 37700683 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
By resorting to the principle of remote activation, we herein demonstrate the first photoredox catalyzed (3+3) dipolar cycloaddition of nitrones with aryl cyclopropanes. Key to the fidelity of the reaction resides in a facile manner of substrate activation by single-electron transfer (SET) oxidation with photoredox catalysis, and the reaction takes place through a stepwise cascade encompassing a three-electron-type nucleophilic substitution triggered cyclopropane ring-opening and a diastereoselective 6-endo-trig radical cyclization manifold. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions with excellent regio- and stereoselectivity, nicely complementing the well-developed Lewis acid catalyzed cycloaddition of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes. Other merits of the protocol include wide scope of aryl cyclopropanes with diversified substitution patterns and good functional-group compatibility. A mechanism involving an aryl radical cation promoted remote activation mode was also proposed and supported by mechanistic experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xu
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Xiang Gao
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Chengkai Pan
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of chemistry, School of science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of chemistry, School of science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Chao Feng
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
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19
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Kumar R, Banerjee N, Kumar P, Banerjee P. Electrochemical Synthesis and Reactivity of Three-Membered Strained Carbo- and Heterocycles. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301594. [PMID: 37436418 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Three-membered carbocyclic and heterocyclic ring structures are versatile synthetic building blocks in organic synthesis with biological importance. Moreover, the inherent strain of these three-membered rings leads to their ring-opening functionalization through C->C, C->N, and C-O bond cleavage. Traditional synthesis and ring-opening methods for these molecules require the use of acid catalysts or transition metals. Recently, electro-organic synthesis has emerged as a powerful tool for initiating new chemical transformations. In this review, the synthetic and mechanistic aspects of electro-mediated synthesis and ring-opening functionalization of three-membered carbo- and heterocycles are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Lab No. 406
| | - Nakshatra Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Lab No. 406
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Lab No. 406
| | - Prabal Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Lab No. 406
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20
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Wang YL, Lei XX, Jin XC, Zhang XY, Xu PF, Luo YC. Sc(OTf) 3 catalyzed intramolecular single-electron transfer of 2-alkyl-1,4-benzoquinones: synthesis of 6-chromanols from donor-acceptor cyclopropanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11385-11388. [PMID: 37667576 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02988c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
A Sc(OTf)3 catalyzed intramolecular cyclization reaction of 2-alkyl-1,4-benzoquinone derived from D-A cyclopropane was discovered. This reaction involves single-electron transfer, proton-transfer, an aromatization driven spin center shift, and radical coupling processes, and offers an efficient method for the synthesis of 6-chromanols from D-A cyclopropanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Xin-Xin Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Xin-Chen Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Xin-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Chun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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21
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Hazra A, Ghosh A, Yadav N, Banerjee P. Organocatalytic (3+3)-cycloaddition of ortho-substituted phenyl nitrones with aryl cyclopropane carbaldehydes: a facile access to enantioenriched 1,2-oxazinanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11133-11136. [PMID: 37650130 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02877a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The first asymmetric (3+3)-cycloaddition of ortho-substituted phenyl nitrones with aryl cyclopropane carbaldehydes has been demonstrated by secondary amine catalysts. While the other ortho-substituents gave 1,2-oxazinanes, ortho-hydroxy ones provided a novel class of tetrahydrochromeno-1,2-oxazine cores via rare 1,3-aryl migration, followed by cyclization. An unusual type of asymmetric approach was also recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Hazra
- Lab no-406, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Asit Ghosh
- Lab no-406, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Neeraj Yadav
- Lab no-406, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Prabal Banerjee
- Lab no-406, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India.
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22
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Sheng W, Huang X, Cai J, Zheng Y, Wen Y, Song C, Li J. Electrochemical Oxidation Enables Regioselective 1,3-Hydroxyfunctionalization of Cyclopropanes. Org Lett 2023; 25:6178-6183. [PMID: 37584476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
The direct construction of 1,3-hydroxyfunctionalized molecules is still a significant challenge, as they can currently be obtained through multiple synthetic steps. Herein, we report a general and efficient 1,3-hydroxyfunctionalization of arylcyclopropanes by electrochemical oxidation with a strategic choice of nucleophiles and H2O. 1,3-Amino alcohols, 1,3-alkynyl alcohols, 1,3-hydroxyesters, and 1,3-halo alcohols are achieved with high levels of chemo- and regio-selectivity, opening a new dimension for 1,3-difunctionalization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xuejin Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jianhua Cai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ye Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yuxi Wen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chunlan Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jiakun Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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23
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Ma HJ, Gao K, Wang XL, Zeng JY, Yang Y, Jiang Y. AlCl 3-mediated ring-opening reactions of indoline-2-thiones with acyl cyclopropanes, bi-cyclopropanes and spirocyclic cyclopropanes. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:6312-6316. [PMID: 37493459 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00909b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
AlCl3-mediated nucleophilic ring-opening reactions of indoline-2-thiones with various acyl cyclopropanes, bi-cyclopropanes and spirocyclic cyclopropanes were investigated. A series of ketones functionalized with indolylthio groups were synthesized in yields ranging from moderate to good. Moreover, chemical transformations of 4-indolylthio butan-1-ones to dihydro-2H-thiepino[2,3-b]indoles and sulfone were carried out to further expand both synthetic utility and structural complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Jie Ma
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
| | - Ke Gao
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
| | - Xue-Long Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
| | - Jun-Yi Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
| | - Yan Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
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24
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Hazra A, Dey R, Kushwaha A, Dhilip Kumar TJ, Banerjee P. Organocatalytic Activation of Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes: A Tandem (3 + 3)-Cycloaddition/Aryl Migration toward the Synthesis of Enantioenriched Tetrahydropyridazines. Org Lett 2023; 25:5470-5475. [PMID: 37459204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
An organocatalytic enantioselective (3 + 3)-cycloaddition reaction of racemic cyclopropane carbaldehydes and aryl hydrazones has been demonstrated for the first time. A wide range of enantioenriched tetrahydropyridazines with an exocyclic double bond were obtained with moderate to good yields and good to excellent enantiomeric excesses. Mechanistic investigations hinted toward a matched/mismatched kinetic resolution, and control experiments and DFT calculations unveiled that 1,3-aryl migration was concerted and intramolecular and proceeds via a four-membered transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Hazra
- Lab no- 406, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India
| | - Raghunath Dey
- Lab no- 406, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India
| | - Apoorv Kushwaha
- Quantum Dynamics Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India
| | - T J Dhilip Kumar
- Quantum Dynamics Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India
| | - Prabal Banerjee
- Lab no- 406, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India
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25
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Debnath B, Sarkar T, Karjee P, Purkayastha SK, Guha AK, Punniyamurthy T. Palladium-Catalyzed Annulative Coupling of Spirovinylcyclopropyl Oxindoles with p-Quinone Methides. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37437136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Pd-catalyzed annulative coupling of spirovinylcyclopropyl oxindoles with p-quinone methides has been accomplished via cascade carbon-carbon bond formation to afford bis-spirooxindole scaffolds. The mild reaction conditions, diastereoselectivity, functional group diversity, post-synthetic transformations, and mechanistic studies using DFT calculations are the important practical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijoy Debnath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Tanumay Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Pallab Karjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | | | - Ankur K Guha
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Cotton University, Guwahati 781001, India
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26
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Jeny SR, Srinivasan K. Cesium Carbonate-Promoted Reaction of Nitro-Substituted Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes with Salicylaldehydes in Water: Access to Chromane Derivatives. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37318855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c03087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitro-substituted donor-acceptor cyclopropanes react with salicylaldehydes in the presence of cesium carbonate in water to give new chromane derivatives. The reaction takes place through in situ formation of allene intermediates from the cyclopropanes and subsequent Michael-initiated ring closure of the intermediates with salicylaldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastin Raj Jeny
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kannupal Srinivasan
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
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27
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Adjei JA, Kerr MA, Ragogna PJ. UV induced hydrophosphination of dimethyl 2-vinylcyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylate towards phosphine chalcogenides. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:6739-6748. [PMID: 37129227 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00791j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Dimethyl 2-vinylcyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylate underwent a hydrophosphination reaction with either a primary or secondary phosphine under photolytic conditions. Notably, a free radical initiator was not required. The resulting tertiary phosphines were derivatized using S8 to afford moisture and air stable yellow or colorless oils in a 27%-73% isolated yield. A series of control reactions were performed, and we propose that this UV induced hydrophosphination reaction proceeds through a radical mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette A Adjei
- The University of Western Ontario, Department of Chemistry, UWO Chemistry Building, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A, Canada.
| | - Michael A Kerr
- The University of Western Ontario, Department of Chemistry, UWO Chemistry Building, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A, Canada.
| | - Paul J Ragogna
- The University of Western Ontario, Department of Chemistry, UWO Chemistry Building, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A, Canada.
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28
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Abstract
Cyclopropanes that carry an electron-accepting group react as electrophiles in polar, ring-opening reactions. Analogous reactions at cyclopropanes with additional C2 substituents allow one to access difunctionalized products. Consequently, functionalized cyclopropanes are frequently used building blocks in organic synthesis. The polarization of the C1-C2 bond in 1-acceptor-2-donor-substituted cyclopropanes not only favorably enhances reactivity toward nucleophiles but also directs the nucleophilic attack toward the already substituted C2 position. Monitoring the kinetics of non-catalytic ring-opening reactions with a series of thiophenolates and other strong nucleophiles, such as azide ions, in DMSO provided the inherent SN2 reactivity of electrophilic cyclopropanes. The experimentally determined second-order rate constants k 2 for cyclopropane ring-opening reactions were then compared to those of related Michael additions. Interestingly, cyclopropanes with aryl substituents at the C2 position reacted faster than their unsubstituted analogues. Variation of the electronic properties of the aryl groups at C2 gave rise to parabolic Hammett relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Eitzinger
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377München, Germany
| | - Armin R. Ofial
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377München, Germany
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29
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Zheng D, Zhang R, Chen W, Yang P, Yang G, Chai Z. Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Annulations of Geminally Disubstituted Cyclopropanes with Aldehydes or 1,3,5-Triazinanes. Org Lett 2023; 25:2577-2581. [PMID: 37052381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Under the catalysis of simple Lewis acid catalysts, 2-(1-aroylcyclopropyl)malonates demonstrated unique reactivities in annulation reactions with aryl/alkyl aldehydes, paraformaldehyde, and 1,3,5-triazinanes. Three types of structurally diverse cyclic products that are otherwise not easy to obtain were generated in moderate to good yields and excellent diastereoselectivities. Possible reaction pathways leading to these products were proposed on the basis of the results of control experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongcheng Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, 189 South Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, 189 South Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Wenlong Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, 189 South Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, 189 South Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Gaosheng Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, 189 South Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Zhuo Chai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Institute of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, 189 South Jiuhua Road, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
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30
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Yuan B, Zhang C, Dong H, Wang C. Iron-Catalyzed Reductive Ring Opening/ gem-Difluoroallylation of Cyclopropyl Ketones. Org Lett 2023; 25:1883-1888. [PMID: 36912491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
By merging C-C and C-F bond cleavage, we developed a regioselective ring opening/gem-difluoroallylation of cyclopropyl ketones with α-trifluoromethylstyrenes, which proceeds under the catalysis of iron with the combination of manganese and TMSCl as the reducing agents, providing a new entry to the synthesis of carbonyl-containing gem-difluoroalkenes. Remarkably, the ketyl radical-induced selective C-C bond cleavage and the following generation of more-stable carbon-centered radicals enable complete regiocontrol of this ring opening reaction for various substitution patterns of the cyclopropane ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Chang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | | | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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31
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Thangamalar S, Srinivasan K. Tandem Dearomative/Rearomative (3 + 2) Annulation of Aroyl-Substituted Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes with Benzothiazoles. J Org Chem 2023; 88:3903-3908. [PMID: 36877197 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of benzo[d]pyrrolo[2,1-b]thiazoles was synthesized by (3 + 2) annulation of aroyl-substituted donor-acceptor cyclopropanes with benzothiazoles. The annulation, promoted by a substoichiometric amount of Sc(OTf)3, takes place through the formation of the respective dearomatized (3 + 2) adducts, followed by unexpected decarbethoxylative and dehydrogenative rearomatization to afford fully aromatized products. The unusual reactivity is attributed to the presence of an extra aroyl group in the donor-acceptor cyclopropanes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kannupal Srinivasan
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 024, India
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32
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Zhang D, Chen L, Deng H, Zhang Y, Cheng Q, Zhang QF. Asymmetric ring-opening reactions of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes with 1,3-cyclodiones. RSC Adv 2023; 13:7432-7435. [PMID: 36895764 PMCID: PMC9990749 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08257h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric ring-opening reactions of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes with 1,3-cyclodiones have been established for the synthesis of enantioenriched γ-hydroxybutyric acid derivatives in the presence of Cu(ii)/trisoxazoline catalyst. These reactions offered the desired products in 70% to 93% yields with 79% to 99% enantiomeric excesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Anhui University of Technology No. 59 Hudong Road Ma'anshan 243002 China
| | - Lvjia Chen
- Institute of Molecular Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Anhui University of Technology No. 59 Hudong Road Ma'anshan 243002 China
| | - Huiqing Deng
- Institute of Molecular Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Anhui University of Technology No. 59 Hudong Road Ma'anshan 243002 China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Anhui University of Technology No. 59 Hudong Road Ma'anshan 243002 China
| | - Qihang Cheng
- Institute of Molecular Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Anhui University of Technology No. 59 Hudong Road Ma'anshan 243002 China
| | - Qian-Feng Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Anhui University of Technology No. 59 Hudong Road Ma'anshan 243002 China
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33
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Hazra A, Kanji T, Banerjee P. Merging Two Strained Carbocycles: Lewis Acid Catalyzed Remote Site-Selective Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of in Situ Generated β-Naphthol. J Org Chem 2023; 88:960-971. [PMID: 36578165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lewis acid catalyzed tandem activation of the two smallest carbocycles, 3-ethoxy cyclobutanones, and donor-acceptor cyclopropanes has been demonstrated. The diphenyl-substituted 3-ethoxy cyclobutanone rearranges itself by intramolecular cyclization for the in situ generation of 1-phenyl 2-naphthol, which further undergoes remote site-selective Friedel-Crafts alkylation with donor-acceptor cyclopropane to synthesize a series of γ-naphthyl butyric acid derivatives. Further control experiments for mechanistic investigations and synthetic applications have also been carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Tanmay Kanji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Prabal Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
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34
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Xiao YQ, Li MM, Zhou ZX, Li YJ, Cao MY, Liu XP, Lu HH, Rao L, Lu LQ, Beauchemin AM, Xiao WJ. Taming Chiral Quaternary Stereocenters via Remote H-Bonding Stereoinduction in Palladium-Catalyzed (3+2) Cycloadditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202212444. [PMID: 36377924 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ring-opening transformations of donor-acceptor (D-A) cyclopropanes enable the rapid assembly of complex molecules. However, the enantioselective formation of chiral quaternary stereocenters using substrates bearing two different acceptors remains a challenge. Herein, we describe the first palladium-catalyzed highly diastereo- and enantioselective (3+2) cycloaddition of vinyl cyclopropanes bearing two different electron-withdrawing groups, a subset of D-A cyclopropanes. The key to the success of this reaction is the remote stereoinduction through hydrogen bond from chiral ligands, which thereby addressed the aforementioned challenge. A variety of chiral five-membered heterocycles were produced in good yields and with high stereoselectivity (up to 99 % yields, 99 : 1 er and >19 : 1 dr). In-depth mechanistic investigations, including control experiments and theoretical calculations, revealed the origin of the stereoselectivity and the importance of H-bonding in stereocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Xiao
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Miao-Miao Li
- Division of Molecular Catalysis & Synthesis, Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zheng-Xin Zhou
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Yu-Jie Li
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Meng-Yue Cao
- School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Liu
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Hai-Hua Lu
- School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Li Rao
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Liang-Qiu Lu
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China.,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - André M Beauchemin
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N6N5, Canada
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
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35
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Pei C, Empel C, Koenigs RM. Photochemical Intermolecular Cyclopropanation Reactions of Allylic Alcohols for the Synthesis of [3.1.0]-Bicyclohexanes. Org Lett 2023; 25:169-173. [PMID: 36602193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cyclopropane-fused lactones are highly desirable in drug and natural products synthesis. Herein, we report on a photochemical, chemoselective reaction of aryldiazoacetates with allylic alcohols that furnishes cyclopropane-fused lactone skeletons efficiently in one step. The diastereoselectivity of the protocol was precisely controlled, and chemoselective cyclopropanation of allylic alcohols via free carbene intermediate followed by transesterification constitutes a series of bicyclic lactones in high yield without the formation of ether byproducts via typical O-H insertion reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Pei
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Claire Empel
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Rene M Koenigs
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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36
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Fischer D, Lindner H, Amberg WM, Carreira EM. Intermolecular Organophotocatalytic Cyclopropanation of Unactivated Olefins. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:774-780. [PMID: 36607827 PMCID: PMC9853868 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Intermolecular cyclopropanation of mono-, di-, and trisubstituted olefins with α-bromo-β-ketoesters and α-bromomalonates under organophotocatalysis is reported. The reaction displays broad functional group tolerance, including substrates bearing acids, alcohols, halides, ethers, ketones, nitriles, esters, amides, carbamates, silanes, stannanes, boronic esters, as well as arenes, and furnishes highly substituted cyclopropanes. The transformation may be performed in the presence of air and moisture with 0.5 mol % of a benzothiazinoquinoxaline as organophotocatalyst. Mechanistic investigations, involving Stern-Volmer quenching, quantum yield determination, and deuteration experiments, are carried out, and a catalytic cycle for the transformation is discussed.
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37
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Ahlburg NL, Hergert O, Jones PG, Werz DB. Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes: Activation Enabled by a Single, Vinylogous Acceptor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214390. [PMID: 36322458 PMCID: PMC10099577 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A novel class of highly activated donor-acceptor cyclopropanes bearing only a single, vinylogous acceptor is presented. These strained moieties readily undergo cycloadditions with aldehydes, ketones, thioketones, nitriles, naphth-2-ols and various other substrates to yield the corresponding carbo- and heterocycles. Diastereocontrol can be achieved through the choice of catalyst (Brønsted or Lewis acid). The formation of tetrahydrofurans was shown to be highly enantiospecific when chiral cyclopropanes are employed. A series of mechanistic and kinetic experiments was conducted to elucidate a plausible catalytic cycle and to rationalize the stereochemical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils L. Ahlburg
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Organic ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Oliver Hergert
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Organic ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität FreiburgInstitute of Organic ChemistryAlbertstraße 2179104Freiburg (Breisgau)Germany
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38
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Tang T, Wang Q, Cao S, Yang CJ, He Z. Cascade Ring-Opening/Cyclization Reaction of Spiro(nitrocyclopropane)oxindoles with Huisgen Zwitterions and Synthesis of Pyrazolo[3,4- b]indoles. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16707-16721. [PMID: 36473167 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a ring-opening/cyclization cascade reaction of spiro(nitrocyclopropane)oxindoles with in situ generated Huisgen zwitterions (HZs) from PPh3 and azodicarboxylates. This reaction provides an array of polyfunctionalized pyrazolo[3,4-b]indole derivatives in moderate-to-excellent yields and generally high stereoselectivities with a broad substrate scope. The annulation products obtained from di-tert-butyl azodicarboxylates can be readily transformed into aromatic-substituted pyrazolo[3,4-b]indoles in moderate yields upon treatment with trifluoroacetic acid, thus providing a new entry to this fused heterocycle skeleton. In terms of nitro-substituted donor-acceptor cyclopropane, this work significantly broadens the substrate scope for the annulation reaction of nitrocyclopropanes and HZs. The dual roles of the oxindole moiety in the ring opening of cyclopropane and a plausible mechanism for the cascade reaction are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Tang
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shixuan Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | | | - Zhengjie He
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
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39
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Porashar B, Biswas S, Sahu AK, Chutia A, Saikia AK. Temperature Tunable Synthesis of Tetrahydro-4 H-pyrrolo[3,2- c]quinolin-4-ones and Dihydro-1 H-benzo[ b]azepines from 2-Aminobenzonitriles and Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes. Org Lett 2022; 24:9038-9042. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bikoshita Porashar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Subhamoy Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Archana Kumari Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Archana Chutia
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Anil K. Saikia
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
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40
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Pramanik S, Saha P, Ghosh P, Mukhopadhyay C. Substrate specific ring opening annulations of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes with 3-phenacylidene-2-oxindoles. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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41
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Ahlburg NL, Hergert O, Jones PG, Werz DB. Donor‐Acceptor Cyclopropanes: Activation Enabled by a Single, Vinylogous Acceptor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202214390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils L. Ahlburg
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Oliver Hergert
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Institute of Organic Chemistry Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg (Breisgau) Germany
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42
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Xiao JA, Peng H, Zhang H, Meng RF, Lin C, Su W, Huang Y. Synergistic Sc(III)/Au(I)-Catalyzed Dearomative Spiroannulation of 2-(Ethynyl)aryl Cyclopropanes with 2-Aryl Indoles. Org Lett 2022; 24:8709-8713. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-An Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, P.R. China
| | - Hai Peng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, P.R. China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, P.R. China
| | - Ru-Fang Meng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, P.R. China
| | - Chenxiang Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, P.R. China
| | - Wei Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, P.R. China
| | - Yanmin Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, P.R. China
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43
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Ring expansion of donor—acceptor cyclopropanes bearing arylcarbamoyl group into 1,5-diarylpyrrolidin-2-ones. Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-022-3671-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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44
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Wan X, Li H, Wang S, Wang C. Acetic Acid Mediated Regioselective [3 + 3] Cycloaddition of Substituted Cyclopropane-1,1-dicarbonitriles with 1,4-Dithiane-2,5-diol. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13375-13382. [PMID: 36166746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An acetic acid mediated regioselective [3 + 3] cycloaddition of substituted cyclopropane-1,1-dicarbonitriles with in situ generated mercaptoacetaldehyde was developed for the synthesis of highly stereoselective tetrahydrothiopyranols. This transformation created two new bonds in a single operation for generating complexity in tetrahydrothiopyrans. This method is characterized by cheap and readily available starting materials, simple operation, and mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University,180 Siwangting Street, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Haiwen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University,180 Siwangting Street, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Shan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University,180 Siwangting Street, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Cunde Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University,180 Siwangting Street, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
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45
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Long PW, Wang G, Klare HFT, Oestreich M. Silylium-Ion-Promoted Skeletal Reorganization of β-Silylated Cyclopropanes Bearing an Allyl Group at the Silicon Atom Coupled with Intermolecular Formation of a Quaternary Carbon Atom. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Wei Long
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Hendrik F. T. Klare
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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46
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Vartanova AE, Levina II, Ratmanova NK, Andreev IA, Ivanova OA, Trushkov IV. Ambident reactivity of 5-aminopyrazoles towards donor-acceptor cyclopropanes. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7795-7802. [PMID: 36148530 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01490d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lewis acid-catalysed reactions of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes with 1,3-disubstituted 5-aminopyrazoles were investigated. Under catalysis with gallium(III) chloride, products of the three-membered ring opening via a nucleophilic attack of the exocyclic amino group were obtained in a chemoselective manner. Oppositely, in the presence of scandium(III) triflate, products of either N-alkylation or C(4)-alkylation, or a mixture of both were formed. The products of the C(4) alkylation were transformed in one step into tetrahydropyrazolo[3,4-b]azepines that are attractive for medicinal chemistry and pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Vartanova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119334, Russian Federation.
| | - Irina I Levina
- N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina 4, Moscow 119334, Russian Federation
| | - Nina K Ratmanova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119334, Russian Federation. .,Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Samory Mashela 1, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan A Andreev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119334, Russian Federation. .,Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Samory Mashela 1, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Olga A Ivanova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119334, Russian Federation. .,Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Igor V Trushkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119334, Russian Federation.
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47
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Liu K, Wang G, Zhang ZW, Shi YY, Ye ZS. C-C Bond Activation of Cyclopropanes Enabled by Phosphine-Catalyzed In Situ Formation of High-Strain Methylenecycopropane Intermediate. Org Lett 2022; 24:6489-6493. [PMID: 36069728 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An effective strategy for the ring-opening/elaboration of cyclopropanes by phosphine catalyst is documented, providing the 2,4-pentadiene sulfonamides and isoindolines in moderate to good yields. The key to the success of this reaction is phosphine-catalyzed introduction of a trigonal center into cyclopropanes, which results in the formation of higher ring strain cyclopropylidenemethyl phosphonium salt. Moreover, this methodology is employed as the key step for the synthesis of bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Liu
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P.R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P.R. China
| | - Zhe-Wen Zhang
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Yang Shi
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Shi Ye
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P.R. China
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48
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Coinage metal-catalyzed carbo- and heterocyclizations involving alkenyl carbene intermediates as C3 synthons. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.154156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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49
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Prakash M, Rani P, Samanta S. A substrate-dependent reaction of 1-aryl-2-alkyl-1,2-diketones with 2-aroyl-1-chlorocyclopropanecarboxylates: selective access to 2',5'-dicyclopropoxy-1,1':4',1''-teraryls and pentafulvenes. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6445-6458. [PMID: 35894220 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00971d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An interesting substrate-controlled one-pot approach to highly substituted 2',5'-dicyclopropoxy-1,1':4',1''-teraryls and 6-hydroxypentafulvenes involving various 1,2-diketones and 2-aroyl-1-chlorocyclopropanecarboxylates as 3C Michael acceptors triggered by Cs2CO3 has been developed. We noticed that 1,2-diketones play a decisive role in this reaction to determine the product's selectivity. For example, aryl rings having electron-poor functionalities at the para and meta-positions of 1,2-diketones led to 2,5-diarylhydroquinones selectively via a cyclodimerization/double oxa-Michael process with highly strained cyclopropenes. However, when 1-naphthyl/electron-donating aryl/ortho-aryl-substituted 1,2-diketones were chosen, the Michael-initiated ring expansion reaction (C-C and CC bonds) took place under the same conditions that gave the corresponding pentafulvenes predominately. Moreover, this reaction has several imperative features such as good to high diastereoselectivities, wide substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, transition metal-free process, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meher Prakash
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Discipline of Chemistry, 453552, Indore, India.
| | - Poonam Rani
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Discipline of Chemistry, 453552, Indore, India.
| | - Sampak Samanta
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Discipline of Chemistry, 453552, Indore, India.
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50
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Joshi DR, Kim I. Regioselective Synthesis of 1‐Cyano‐3‐arylindolizines: Construction of Pyrrole via DDQ‐Mediated Ring Closure of Cyclopropyl Pyridines. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ikyon Kim
- Yonsei University KOREA (THE REPUBLIC OF)
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