1
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Akintayo DC, Munzeiwa WA, Jonnalagadda SB, Omondi B. Ring-opening polymerization of lactides and ε-caprolactone catalyzed by Zn(II) aryl carboxylate complexes supported by 4-pyridinyl schiff base ligands. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13514. [PMID: 36846710 PMCID: PMC9950825 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthesis and catalytic studies of aryl carboxylate Zn (II) complexes is reported. Reaction of substituted (E)-N-phenyl-1-(pyridin-4-yl)methanimine with a methanolic solution of Zn(CH3COO)2 and substituted aryl carboxylate co-ligands gave heteroleptic Zn(II) complexes; [Zn(C6H5COO)2(L1)]2 (1), [Zn(C7H7COO)2(L1)]2 (2), [Zn (4-F-C6H4COO)2(L1)]2 (3), [Zn(C6H5COO)2(L2)]2 (4), [Zn(C7H7COO)2(L2)]2 (5), [Zn (4-F-C6H4COO)2(L2)]2 (6), [Zn(C6H5COO)2(L3)]2 (7), [Zn(C7H7COO)2(L3)]2 (8), [Zn (4-F-C6H4COO)2(L3)]2 (9). The molecular structures of complexes 1 and 4 are dinuclear with the zinc atom in complex 1 adopting a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry in a bi-metallacycle while complex 4 is square pyramidal where all four benzoate ligands bridge the zinc metals in a paddle wheel arrangement. All complexes successfully initiated mass/bulk ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ϵ-caprolactone (ϵ-CL) and lactides (LAs) monomers with or without alcohol co-initiators at elevated temperatures. Complexes 1, 4 and 6 containing the unsubstituted benzoate co-ligands were the most active in their triad; with complex 4 being the most active (k app) of 0.3450 h-1. The physicochemical properties of the polymerization products of l-lactide and rac-lactide in toluene revealed melting temperatures (Tm) between 116.58 °C and 188.03 °C, and decomposition temperatures between 278.78 °C and 331.32 °C suggestive of an isotactic PLA with a metal capped end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damilola C. Akintayo
- School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Wisdom A. Munzeiwa
- School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
- Chemistry Department, Bindura University of Science Education, Private Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe
| | - Sreekantha B. Jonnalagadda
- School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Bernard Omondi
- School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
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2
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Rentero C, Damián J, Medel A, Fernández-Millán M, Rusconi Y, Talarico G, Cuenca T, Sessini V, Mosquera MEG. Ring-Opening Polymerization of L-Lactide Catalyzed by Potassium-Based Complexes: Mechanistic Studies. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14152982. [PMID: 35893946 PMCID: PMC9329769 DOI: 10.3390/polym14152982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Two non-toxic potassium compounds, 1 and 2, with a commercial oximate ligand have been prepared and fully spectroscopically characterized. Their activity as catalysts for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) process of LLA has been studied, showing that they are extremely active and able to polymerize the monomer in a few minutes. For derivative 2, the presence of a crown ether in the potassium coordination sphere affects the nuclearity of the compound and consequently its solubility, with both aspects having an influence in the polymerization process. Detailed studies of the polymerization mechanism have been performed, and an unusual anionic mechanism was observed in absence of a co-initiator. Indeed, the monomer deprotonation generates a lactide enolate, which initiates the polymerization propagation. On the contrary, when a 1:1 ratio of cat:BnOH is used, a mixture of mechanisms is observed, the anionic mechanism and the activated monomer one, while from a cat:BnOH ratio of 1:2 and over, only the activated monomer mechanism is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Rentero
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Research “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, 28871 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (J.D.); (A.M.); (M.F.-M.); (T.C.)
| | - Jesús Damián
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Research “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, 28871 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (J.D.); (A.M.); (M.F.-M.); (T.C.)
| | - Asier Medel
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Research “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, 28871 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (J.D.); (A.M.); (M.F.-M.); (T.C.)
| | - María Fernández-Millán
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Research “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, 28871 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (J.D.); (A.M.); (M.F.-M.); (T.C.)
| | - Yolanda Rusconi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80124 Napoli, Italy; (Y.R.); (G.T.)
| | - Giovanni Talarico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80124 Napoli, Italy; (Y.R.); (G.T.)
| | - Tomás Cuenca
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Research “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, 28871 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (J.D.); (A.M.); (M.F.-M.); (T.C.)
| | - Valentina Sessini
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Research “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, 28871 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (J.D.); (A.M.); (M.F.-M.); (T.C.)
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (M.E.G.M.)
| | - Marta E. G. Mosquera
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Research “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, 28871 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.); (J.D.); (A.M.); (M.F.-M.); (T.C.)
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (M.E.G.M.)
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3
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de Vries F, Otten E. Reversible On/Off Switching of Lactide Cyclopolymerization with a Redox-Active Formazanate Ligand. ACS Catal 2022; 12:4125-4130. [PMID: 35391903 PMCID: PMC8981207 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Redox-switching of
a formazanate zinc catalyst in ring-opening
polymerization (ROP) of lactide is described. Using a redox-active
ligand bound to an inert metal ion (Zn2+) allows modulation
of the catalytic activity by reversible reduction/oxidation chemistry
at a purely organic fragment. A combination of kinetic and spectroscopic
studies, together with mass spectrometry of the catalysis mixture,
provides insight in the nature of the active species and the initiation
of lactide ring-opening polymerization. The mechanistic data highlight
the key role of the redox-active ligand and provide a rationale for
the formation of cyclic polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folkert de Vries
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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4
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Akintayo DC, Munzeiwa WA, Jonnalagadda SB, Omondi B. Influence of nuclearity and coordination geometry on the catalytic activity of Zn(II) carboxylate complexes in ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone and lactides. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Stereoselective homo- and co-polymerization of lactides and ε-caprolactone catalysed by highly active racemic zinc(II) pyridyl complexes. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-022-00493-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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6
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Zn(II) pyridinyl amine complexes, synthesis and crystal structure studies: A comparative study of the effect of nuclearity and benzoate type on the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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7
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Seo CCY, Ahmed M, Oliver AG, Durr CB. Titanium ONN-(phenolate) Alkoxide Complexes: Unique Reaction Kinetics for Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Esters. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:19336-19344. [PMID: 34871501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and polymerization kinetics of four new titanium ONN-(phenolate) alkoxide catalysts were studied. Each catalyst is fluxional at room temperature, suggesting the ligand amine arm may be labile, but adopts a fac geometry in solution at low temperature (223 K) and in the solid state. All catalysts are active for the ring-opening polymerization of both ε-caprolactone (CL) and rac-lactide (LA). GPC analysis indicates that the well-known coordination-insertion mechanism is being followed. However, whereas the typical first-order dependence on monomer concentration is observed in CL, an unexpected zeroth-order dependence is observed with LA. This suggests that, in the case of LA, catalyst saturation occurs and a Michaelis-Menten model can be used to explain the kinetics. An initial mechanism is discussed within this model that proposes CL polymerization proceeds by a 7-coordinate intermediate, whereas LA polymerization adopts a 6-coordinate intermediate, facilitated by the ligand amine arm. Attempts to isolate catalyst-monomer intermediates are ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara C Y Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Amherst College, 25 East Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, United States
| | - Mayesha Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Amherst College, 25 East Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, United States
| | - Allen G Oliver
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Christopher B Durr
- Department of Chemistry, Amherst College, 25 East Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002, United States
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8
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Gesslbauer S, Hutchinson G, White AJP, Burés J, Romain C. Chirality-Induced Catalyst Aggregation: Insights into Catalyst Speciation and Activity Using Chiral Aluminum Catalysts in Cyclic Ester Ring-Opening Polymerization. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sami Gesslbauer
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Science and Research Hub, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - George Hutchinson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Science and Research Hub, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Jordi Burés
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Charles Romain
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Science and Research Hub, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
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9
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Jiang J, Cui Y, Jia Z, Pan X, Wu J. Living Polymerization of Chiral O-Carboxyanhydride of Mandelic Acid and Precise Stereoblock Copolymer Syntheses Using Highly Active OOO-Tridentate Bis(phenolate) Zinc Complexes. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Cui
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, Gansu 741001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaowei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jincai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Roymuhury SK, Mandal M, Chakraborty D, Ramkumar V. Homoleptic titanium and zirconium complexes exhibiting unusual Oiminol–metal coordination: application in stereoselective ring-opening polymerization of lactide. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00237f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of novel homoleptic Ti and Zr complexes with tridentate ONO-type Schiff base ligands and their catalytic activities towards the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagnik K. Roymuhury
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Bihta 801103
- India
| | - Mrinmay Mandal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Bihta 801103
- India
| | - Debashis Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai-600 036
- India
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11
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Xing T, Prior TJ, Elsegood MRJ, Semikolenova NV, Soshnikov IE, Bryliakov K, Chen K, Redshaw C. Vanadium complexes derived from oxacalix[6]arenes: structural studies and use in the ring opening homo-/co-polymerization of ε-caprolactone/δ-valerolactone and ethylene polymerization. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01979h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Oxacalix[6]arene vanadium complexes have been employed for the ROP of cyclic esters and ethylene polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xing
- Plastics Collaboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Hull
- Hull
- UK
| | - Timothy J. Prior
- Plastics Collaboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Hull
- Hull
- UK
| | | | | | - Igor E. Soshnikov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
| | - Konstantin Bryliakov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
| | - Kai Chen
- Plastics Collaboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Hull
- Hull
- UK
| | - Carl Redshaw
- Plastics Collaboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Hull
- Hull
- UK
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12
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Ghosh S, Wölper C, Tjaberings A, Gröschel AH, Schulz S. Syntheses, structures and catalytic activity of tetranuclear Mg complexes in the ROP of cyclic esters under industrially relevant conditions. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:375-387. [PMID: 31829382 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04359d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tetranuclear magnesium imino(phenolate) complexes Mg4(L1–4)4 are excellent catalysts for the ROP of bulk rac-lactide and ε-caprolactone under industrially relevant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarup Ghosh
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE)
- D-45141 Essen
- Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE)
- D-45141 Essen
- Germany
| | - Alexander Tjaberings
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE)
- NanoEnergieTechnikZentrum
- 47057 Duisburg
- Germany
| | - André H. Gröschel
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE)
- NanoEnergieTechnikZentrum
- 47057 Duisburg
- Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE)
- D-45141 Essen
- Germany
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13
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Diteepeng N, Buffet JC, Turner ZR, O'Hare D. Constrained geometry scandium permethylindenyl complexes for the ring-opening polymerisation of l- and rac-lactide. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:16099-16107. [PMID: 31617518 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03450a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterisation of constrained geometry scandium permethylindenyl chloride, aryloxide and borohydride complexes Me2SB(tBuN,I*)Sc(Cl)(THF) (1), Me2SB(tBuN,I*)Sc(O-2,6-iPr-C6H3)(THF) (2), Me2SB(tBuN,I*)Sc(O-2,4-tBu-C6H3)(THF) (3) and Me2SB(tBuN,I*)Sc(BH4)(THF) (4) are reported. The activity of complexes 1-4 as initiators for the ring-opening polymerisation (ROP) of l- and rac-lactide is presented. The ROP of l- and rac-lactide using complexes 2 and 3 show first-order dependence on monomer concentration, and produced isotactic polylactide (PLA) and moderately heterotactic PLA (Pr = 0.68-0.72), respectively. Good agreement between experimental and theoretical molecular weights of PLA (Mn) and relatively narrow dispersities (Mw/Mn < 1.20) were obtained. Complex 4 showed higher activity for ROP of l- and rac-lactide than 2 or 3, with second-order dependence on monomer concentrations. However, poorly controlled molecular weights and lower heteroselectivity (Pr = 0.61-0.67) were observed. The effect of temperature and catalyst concentration for the ROP of l-lactide using 2 and 3 was also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichabhat Diteepeng
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, UK.
| | - Jean-Charles Buffet
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, UK.
| | - Zoë R Turner
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, UK.
| | - Dermot O'Hare
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA Oxford, UK.
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14
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Oishi M, Ichinose Y, Iwata N, Nomura N. Ring-Opening Polymerization of ε-Caprolactone Initiated by Multinuclear Aluminum Methanetris(aryloxido) Complexes. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Oishi
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yuri Ichinose
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, E1-1(300), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Naomi Iwata
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, E1-1(300), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Nomura
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, E1-1(300), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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15
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Schäfer PM, Dankhoff K, Rothemund M, Ksiazkiewicz AN, Pich A, Schobert R, Weber B, Herres‐Pawlis S. Towards New Robust Zn(II) Complexes for the Ring-Opening Polymerization of Lactide Under Industrially Relevant Conditions. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:1020-1026. [PMID: 31384524 PMCID: PMC6664153 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of bio-based and biodegradable plastics is a hot topic in research due to growing environmental problems caused by omnipresent plastics. As a result, polylactide, which has been known for years, has seen a tremendous increase in industrial production. Nevertheless, the manufacturing process using the toxic catalyst Sn(Oct)2 is very critical. As an alternative, five zinc acetate complexes have been synthesized with Schiff base-like ligands that exhibit high activity in the ring-opening polymerization of non-purified lactide. The systems bear different side arms in the ligand scaffold. The influence of these substituents has been analyzed. For a detailed description of the catalytic activities, the rate constants k app and k p were determined using in-situ Raman spectroscopy at a temperature of 150 °C. The polymers produced have molar masses of up to 71 000 g mol-1 and are therefore suitable for a variety of applications. Toxicity measurements carried out for these complexes proved the nontoxicity of the systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal M. Schäfer
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Katja Dankhoff
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry IVUniversität BayreuthUniversitätsstr. 3095440BayreuthGermany
| | - Matthias Rothemund
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry IUniversität BayreuthUniversitätsstr. 3095440BayreuthGermany
| | - Agnieszka N. Ksiazkiewicz
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 252074AachenGermany
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V.Forckenbeckstr. 5052074AachenGermany
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM)Maastricht UniversityBrightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 226167 RDGeleenThe Netherlands
| | - Andrij Pich
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 252074AachenGermany
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V.Forckenbeckstr. 5052074AachenGermany
- Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM)Maastricht UniversityBrightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 226167 RDGeleenThe Netherlands
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry IUniversität BayreuthUniversitätsstr. 3095440BayreuthGermany
| | - Birgit Weber
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry IVUniversität BayreuthUniversitätsstr. 3095440BayreuthGermany
| | - Sonja Herres‐Pawlis
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
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16
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Luna Barros M, Cushion MG, Schwarz AD, Turner ZR, Mountford P. Magnesium, calcium and zinc [N 2N'] heteroscorpionate complexes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:4124-4138. [PMID: 30638242 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04985h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new family of sterically demanding N2N' heteroscorpionate pro-ligands (HC(tBu2pz)2SiMe2N(H)R (R = iPr, tBu, Ph, Xyl)) has been prepared via a straightforward modular synthetic route. An extensive study into the synthesis and characterisation of lithium, magnesium, calcium and zinc complexes supported by both 3,5-tBu and 3,5-Me substituted N2N' ligand families has been conducted. Attempted deprotonation of the pro-ligands with nBuLi afforded the corresponding lithium salts Li{HC(tBu2pz)2SiMe2NR} (R = iPr (1), tBu (2), Ph (3) and Xyl (4)) but air- and thermal-sensitivity limited the yields of these potentially useful precursors; only the sterically encumbered ligand system allowed clean reactivity. Magnesium methyl complexes Mg{HC(tBu2pz)2SiMe2NR}Me (R = iPr (5) and R = Ph (6)) were prepared using an excess of the Grignard reagent MeMgCl. Magnesium butyl complexes were synthesised in good yields using the dialkyl precursor MgnBu2 to afford Mg{HC(R'2pz)2SiMe2NR}nBu (R' = Me; R = iPr (7), tBu (8), Ad (9), Ph (10). R' = tBu; R = iPr (11), Ph (12)). Protonolylsis reactions were used to synthesise magnesium and calcium amide complexes Mg{HC(R'2pz)2SiMe2NR}{N(SiHMe2)2} (R' = Me; R = iPr (13), tBu (14), Ph (15). R' = tBu; R = Ph (16)) or Mg{HC(R'2pz)2SiMe2NR}{N(SiMe3)2} (R' = Me; R = iPr (17), tBu (18), Ph (19). R' = tBu; R = Ph (20)), and Ca{HC(R'2pz)2SiMe2NR}{N(SiMe2)2} (L) (R' = Me; L = thf; R = iPr (21), tBu (22), Ph (23). R' = tBu; L = none; R = Ph (24). Zinc methyl complexes Zn{HC(R'2pz)2SiMe2NR}Me (R' = Me; R = iPr (25), tBu (26), Ph (27). R' = tBu; R = Ph (28)) were prepared by reaction of the N2N' heteroscorpionate pro-ligands with ZnMe2. In preliminary studies, magnesium amide complexes 16 and 20 were evaluated as initiators for the ring-opening polymerisation (ROP) of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) and rac-lactide (rac-LA). Although the overall polymerisation control was poor, 16 and 20 were found to be active initiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Luna Barros
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
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17
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Munzeiwa WA, Nyamori VO, Omondi B. N,O-Amino-phenolate Mg(II) and Zn(II) Schiff base complexes: Synthesis and application in ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone and lactides. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Zou XR, Chang YN, Huang KW, Liang LC. Enhanced Reactivity of Aluminum Complexes Containing P-Bridged Biphenolate Ligands in Ring-Opening Polymerization Catalysis. Front Chem 2019; 6:607. [PMID: 30619816 PMCID: PMC6300491 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum complexes containing [RP(O)(2-O-3,5-tBu2C6H2)2]2− [R = tBu (3a), Ph (3b)] have been synthesized, structurally characterized, and their reactivity studied in comparison with those of their [RP(2-O-3,5-tBu2C6H2)2]2− [R = tBu (2a), Ph (2b)] analogs. Treating AlMe3 with one equiv of H2[3a-b] in THF at 0°C affords quantitatively [3a-b]AlMe, subsequent reactions of which with benzyl alcohol in THF at 25°C generate {[3a-b]Al(μ2-OCH2Ph)}2. The methyl [3a-b]AlMe and the benzyloxide {[3a-b]Al(μ2-OCH2Ph)}2 are all active for catalytic ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone and rac-lactide (rac-LA). Controlled experiments reveal that {[3a]Al(μ2-OCH2Ph)}2 is competent in living polymerization. Kinetic studies indicate that [3a]AlMe, in the presence of benzyl alcohol, catalyzes ROP of rac-LA at a rate faster than [3b]AlMe and [2a]AlMe(THF) by a factor of 1.8 and 23.6, respectively, highlighting the profound reactivity enhancement in ROP catalysis by varying the P-substituents of these biphenolate complexes of aluminum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ru Zou
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ning Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Huang
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lan-Chang Liang
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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19
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Mandal M, Ramkumar V, Chakraborty D. Salen complexes of zirconium and hafnium: synthesis, structural characterization and polymerization studies. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01750f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Salen complexes of zirconium and hafnium were synthesized and used as effective catalysts for the polymerization of lactide and ε-CL and homopolymerization, copolymerization and coupling of epoxides with CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinmay Mandal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Patna
- Bihta 801103
- India
| | | | - Debashis Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai-600 036
- India
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20
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Harinath A, Bhattacharjee J, Sarkar A, Panda TK. Alkali metal complex-mediated ring-opening polymerization of rac-LA, ε-caprolactone, and δ-valerolactone. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01130g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic ring opening polymerization (ROP) of rac-lactide, ε-caprolactone, and δ-valerolactone using alkali metal (Li, Na, K) complexes as competent catalysts are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adimulam Harinath
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi – 502 285
- Sangareddy
- India
| | - Jayeeta Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi – 502 285
- Sangareddy
- India
| | - Alok Sarkar
- Momentive Performance Materials Pvt. Ltd
- Bangalore – 560 100
- India
| | - Tarun K. Panda
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi – 502 285
- Sangareddy
- India
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21
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Exploring Oxidation State-Dependent Selectivity in Polymerization of Cyclic Esters and Carbonates with Zinc(II) Complexes. iScience 2018; 7:120-131. [PMID: 30267674 PMCID: PMC6153418 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutral zinc alkoxide complexes show high activity toward the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters and carbonates, to generate biodegradable plastics applicable in several areas. Herein, we use a ferrocene-chelating heteroscorpionate complex in redox-switchable polymerization reactions, and we show that it is a moderately active catalyst for the ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide, ɛ-caprolactone, trimethylene carbonate, and δ-valerolactone. Uniquely for this type of catalyst, the oxidized complex has a similar polymerization activity as the corresponding reduced compound, but displays significantly different rates of reaction in the case of trimethylene carbonate and δ-valerolactone. Investigations of the oxidized compound suggest the presence of an organic radical rather than an Fe(III) complex. Electronic structure and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to support the proposed electronic states of the catalytic complex and to help explain the observed reactivity differences. The catalyst was also compared with a monomeric phenoxide complex to show the influence of the phosphine-zinc interaction on catalytic properties. Dimeric and monomeric zinc heteroscorpionate species were prepared Monomeric zinc complex gives irreversible chemical redox and is inactive toward ROP Dimeric zinc complex gives reversible chemical redox and is inactive toward ROP Oxidation of the zinc benzoxide species occurs at the phosphine moiety
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22
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Jędrzkiewicz D, Marszałek-Harych A, Ejfler J. Serendipitous Synthesis Found in the Nuances of Homoleptic Zinc Complex Formation. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:8169-8180. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Jędrzkiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Jolanta Ejfler
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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23
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Munzeiwa WA, Nyamori VO, Omondi B. Zn(II) and Cu(II) unsymmetrical formamidine complexes as effective initiators for ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wisdom A. Munzeiwa
- School of Chemistry and Physics; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Vincent O. Nyamori
- School of Chemistry and Physics; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
| | - Bernard Omondi
- School of Chemistry and Physics; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001 Durban 4000 South Africa
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Harinath A, Bhattacharjee J, Sarkar A, Nayek HP, Panda TK. Ring Opening Polymerization and Copolymerization of Cyclic Esters Catalyzed by Group 2 Metal Complexes Supported by Functionalized P–N Ligands. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:2503-2516. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adimulam Harinath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Jayeeta Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Alok Sarkar
- Momentive Performance
Materials Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore 560 100, India
| | - Hari Pada Nayek
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad 826 004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Tarun K. Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
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25
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26
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Huang Y, Kou X, Duan YL, Ding FF, Yin YF, Wang W, Yang Y. Magnesium and zinc complexes bearing NNO-tridentate ketiminate ligands: synthesis, structures and catalysis in the ring-opening polymerization of lactides. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:8121-8133. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00888d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium and zinc complexes bearing pyrazoline-derived ketiminate ligands, [(L1–3)2M2(μ-OBn)2] and [M(L)2] proceed through the “coordination–insertion” mechanism in the ROP of lactides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Xin Kou
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Yu-Lai Duan
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Fei-Fei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Yi-Fan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Ying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
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27
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Munzeiwa WA, Omondi B, Nyamori VO. Synthesis and polymerization kinetics of ε-caprolactone and ʟ-lactide to low molecular weight polyesters catalyzed by Zn(II) and Cu(II) N -hydroxy- N , N ′-diarylformamidine complexes. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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28
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Bhunia M, Vijaykumar G, Adhikari D, Mandal SK. Highly Active Carbene Potassium Complexes for the Ring-Opening Polymerization of ε-Caprolactone. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:14459-14466. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal Bhunia
- Department of Chemical
Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Gonela Vijaykumar
- Department of Chemical
Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Debashis Adhikari
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, SAS Nagar 140306, India
| | - Swadhin K. Mandal
- Department of Chemical
Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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29
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Bhattacharjee J, Harinath A, Nayek HP, Sarkar A, Panda TK. Highly Active and Iso-Selective Catalysts for the Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Esters using Group 2 Metal Initiators. Chemistry 2017; 23:9319-9331. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayeeta Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad; Kandi 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana India
| | - Adimulam Harinath
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad; Kandi 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana India
| | - Hari Pada Nayek
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad; 826004 Jharkhand India
| | - Alok Sarkar
- Momentive Performance Materials Pvt. Ltd. Survey No. 09; Hosur Road Electronic City (West) Bangalore 560100 India
| | - Tarun K. Panda
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad; Kandi 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana India
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30
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Yao C, Yang Y, Xu S, Ma H. Potassium complexes supported by monoanionic tetradentate amino-phenolate ligands: synthesis, structure and catalysis in the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:6087-6097. [PMID: 28430280 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00812k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of potassium complexes bearing monoanionic tetradentate amino-phenolate ligands, [LK]2 (L = {(2-R1)C6H4CH2N[(CH2)2R2]CH2(4-R4-6-R3)C6H2O-}, R1 = NMe2, R2 = NEt2, R3 = CPh3, R4 = Me (1); R1 = R2 = NEt2, R3 = CPh3, R4 = Me (2); R1 = NMe2, R2 = NEt2, R3 = R4 = cumyl (4); R1 = R2 = OMe, R3 = tBu, R4 = Me (6); L = (2-NMe2)C6H4CH2N[[CH2-(S)-1-butylpyrrolidinyl]CH2(4-Me-6-CPh3)C6H2O-] (3)), have been synthesized via reactions of KN(SiMe3)2 and 1 equiv. of the corresponding aminophenols. The solid-state structures of typical complexes 4 and 6 are determined via X-ray diffraction studies, which reveal the dinuclear nature of these complexes. By contrast, DOSY measurements of 1, 4 and 6 suggest that these complexes are monomeric in solution. It is noteworthy that the coordination chemistry of these potassium complexes is versatile, which is closely related to the nature of the ortho-substituent of the phenolate ring, as indicated by the results of the corresponding spectroscopic studies. In the presence of iPrOH, 1-4 and 6 could initiate the polymerization of 500 equiv. of rac-lactide to achieve high monomer conversions within several minutes but afford atactic PLAs with slightly isotactic-enriched microstructures (Pm = 0.58-0.60). Experimental results also demonstrated that a bulky trityl substituent at the ortho-position of the phenolate ring of the ligand framework is beneficial for the enhancement of the activities of these potassium complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
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31
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Zhang J, Liu S, Zuo W, Ye H, Li Z. Synthesis of dinuclear aluminum complexes bearing bis-phenolate ligand and application in ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj03818b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Dinuclear zwitterionic aluminum complexes were prepared and applied as efficient catalysts toward ROP of ε-CL in a controlled manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- P. R. China
| | - Shaofeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
| | - Weiwei Zuo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- P. R. China
| | - Hongqi Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- P. R. China
| | - Zhibo Li
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao 266042
- P. R. China
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32
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Wu BB, Tian LL, Wang ZX. Ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide catalyzed by crown ether complexes of sodium and potassium iminophenoxides. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03394j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Crown ether complexes of sodium and potassium iminophenoxides were demonstrated to catalyze the stereoselective polymerization of rac-lactide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Bing Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Lu-Lu Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Zhong-Xia Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
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33
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Lee SL, Hu FL, Shang XJ, Shi YX, Tan AL, Mizera J, Clegg JK, Zhang WH, Young DJ, Lang JP. Efficient ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone catalysed by isomeric pyridyl β-diketonate iron(iii) complexes. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03571c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of FeL3 complexes of dipyridyl β-diketones were structurally characterized and their catalytic properties investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze-Ling Lee
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Brunei Darussalam
- Brunei
| | - Fei-Long Hu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Juan Shang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xiang Shi
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ai Ling Tan
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Brunei Darussalam
- Brunei
| | - Jens Mizera
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry
- Technical University Dresden
- 01062 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Jack K. Clegg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane
- St. Lucia
- Australia
| | - Wen-Hua Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- People's Republic of China
| | - David J. Young
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering
- University of the Sunshine Coast
- Maroochydore DC
- Australia
| | - Jian-Ping Lang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- People's Republic of China
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34
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Wu BB, Wang ZX. Crown ether complexes of potassium quinolin-8-olates: synthesis, characterization and catalysis toward the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01186e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Crown ether complexes of potassium quinolin-8-olates were synthesized and demonstrated to catalyze the stereoselective polymerization of rac-lactide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Bing Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Xia Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
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35
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Synthesis of di- and trinuclear zinc complexes bearing pyrrole-based ligands and their catalysis toward the ROP of rac-lactides. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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Aranburu Leiva AI, Benjamin SL, Langley SK, Mewis RE. Crystal structure of 2,4-di- tert-butyl-6-(hydroxymethyl)phenol. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2016; 72:1614-1617. [PMID: 27840721 PMCID: PMC5095846 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989016016753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C15H24O2, is an example of a phenol-based pendant-arm precursor. In the molecule, the phenol hydroxy group participates in an intramolecular O—H...O hydrogen bond with the pendant alcohol group, forming anS(6) ring. This ring adopts a half-chair conformation. In the crystal, O—H...O hydrogen bonds connect molecules related by the 31screw axes, forming chains along thecaxis. The C—C—O angles for the hydroxy groups are different as a result of the type of hybridization for the C atoms that are involved in these angles. The C—C—O angle for the phenol hydroxy group is 119.21 (13)°, while the angle within the pendant alcohol is 111.99 (13)°. The bond length involving the phenolic oxygen is 1.3820 (19) Å, which contrasts with that of the alcoholic oxygen which is 1.447 (2) Å. The former is conjugated with the aromatic ring and so leads to the observed shorter bond length.
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37
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Magnesium complexes in diverse coordination patterns supported by tetradentate aminophenolate ligands: Synthesis, characterization and application in the stereocontrolled ring-opening polymerization of rac-LA. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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38
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Thevenon A, Romain C, Bennington MS, White AJP, Davidson HJ, Brooker S, Williams CK. Dizinc Lactide Polymerization Catalysts: Hyperactivity by Control of Ligand Conformation and Metallic Cooperativity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:8680-5. [PMID: 27295339 PMCID: PMC5089563 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how to moderate and improve catalytic activity is critical to improving degradable polymer production. Here, di- and monozinc catalysts, coordinated by bis(imino)diphenylamido ligands, show remarkable activities and allow determination of the factors controlling performance. In most cases, the dizinc catalysts significantly out-perform the monozinc analogs. Further, for the best dizinc catalyst, the ligand conformation controls activity: the catalyst with "folded" ligand conformation shows turnover frequency (TOF) values up to 60 000 h(-1) (0.1 mol % loading, 298 K, [LA]=1 m), whilst that with a "planar" conformation is much slower, under similar conditions (TOF=30 h(-1) ). Dizinc catalysts also perform very well under immortal conditions, showing improved control, and are able to tolerate loadings as low as 0.002 mol % whilst conserving high activity (TOF=12 500 h(-1) ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Thevenon
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, UK
| | - Charles Romain
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, UK
| | | | - Andrew J P White
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, UK
| | | | - Sally Brooker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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39
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Huang M, Ma H. Magnesium and Zinc Complexes Supported by N,N,O Tridentate Ligands: Synthesis and Catalysis in the Ring‐Opening Polymerization of
rac
‐Lactide and α‐Methyltrimethylene Carbonate. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryEast China University of Science and Technology130 Meilong Road200237ShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryEast China University of Science and Technology130 Meilong Road200237ShanghaiP. R. China
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40
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Duan YL, He JX, Wang W, Zhou JJ, Huang Y, Yang Y. Synthesis and characterization of dinuclear rare-earth complexes supported by amine-bridged bis(phenolate) ligands and their catalytic activity for the ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:10807-20. [PMID: 27294827 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01486k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of amine-bridged bis(phenolate) protio-ligands N,N-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)aminoacetic acid (L(1)-H3) and N,N-bis[3,5-bis(α,α'-dimethylbenzyl)-2-hydroxybenzyl]aminoacetic acid (L(2)-H3), with 1 equiv. M[N(SiMe3)2]3 (M = La, Nd, Sm, Gd, Y) in THF at room temperature yielded the neutral rare-earth complexes [M2(L)2(THF)4] (L = L(1), M = La (), Nd (), Sm (), Gd (), Y (); L = L(2), M = La (), Nd (), Sm (), Gd (), Y ()). All of these complexes were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis and in the case of yttrium and lanthanum complexes, (1)H NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structure of revealed dinuclear species in which the eight-coordinate lanthanum centers were bonded to two oxygen atoms of two THF molecules, to three oxygen atoms and one nitrogen atom of one L(1) ligand, and two oxygen atoms of the carboxyl group of another. Complexes were also dinuclear species containing seven-coordinate metal centers similar to , albeit with bonding to one rather than two carboxyl group oxygens of another ligand. Further treatment of with excess benzyl alcohol provided dinuclear complex [La2(L(1))2(BnOH)6] (), in which each lanthanum ion is eight-coordinate, bonded to three oxygen atoms and one nitrogen atom of one ligand, three oxygen atoms of three BnOH molecules, as well as one oxygen atom of bridging carboxyl group of the other ligand. In the presence of BnOH, complexes efficiently catalyzed the ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide in a controlled manner and gave polymers with relatively narrow molecular weight distributions. The kinetic and mechanistic studies associated with the ROP of l-lactide using /BnOH initiating system have been performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lai Duan
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China.
| | - Jia-Xuan He
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China.
| | - Jing-Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China.
| | - Yong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China.
| | - Ying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China.
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41
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Thevenon A, Romain C, Bennington MS, White AJP, Davidson HJ, Brooker S, Williams CK. Dizinc Lactide Polymerization Catalysts: Hyperactivity by Control of Ligand Conformation and Metallic Cooperativity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Thevenon
- Department of Chemistry; Imperial College London; South Kensington UK
| | - Charles Romain
- Department of Chemistry; Imperial College London; South Kensington UK
| | | | | | | | - Sally Brooker
- Department of Chemistry; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
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42
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Li Y, Zhao H, Mao X, Pan X, Wu J. Structures of potassium calix[4]arene crown ether inclusion complexes and application in polymerization of rac-lactide. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:9636-45. [PMID: 27222057 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01417h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of 1,3-dipropoxy-p-tert-butyl-calix[4]arene (L(1)H2) with KN(SiMe3)2 afforded a one-dimensional (1D) chain complex [K2L(1)]n (1). Upon reaction with 1 equivalent 18-crown-6, complex 1 can convert to complex [K2(18-crown-6)L(1)] (2) which possesses a sandwich structure. Treatment of two calix[4]arene-crown ligands of 1,3-dihydroxy-p-tert-butyl-calix[4]arene-crown-5 (L(2)H2) and 1,2-dihydroxy-p-tert-butyl-calix[4]arene-crown-5 (L(3)H2) with KN(SiMe3)2 gave the dinuclear complex [K2L(2)] (3) and the mononuclear complex [K(THF)L(3)H] (4), respectively. Complexes 1-4 were all characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. The variable temperature (1)H NMR spectrum indicates there is a quick rotation equilibrium of the two phenoxy groups in complex 3. In addition, complexes 1-4 have been tested for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of rac-lactide and the results showed that complexes 2 and 3 are highly active for the ROP of rac-lactide. The obtained polymers displayed low dispersity values (Đ) and the molecular weights are close to the calculated ones. Furthermore, complexes 2 and 3 show moderate isoselectivities of Pm = 0.67 and Pm = 0.73, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Cuiying Honors College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China.
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43
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Fliedel C, Rosa V, Alves FM, Martins AM, Avilés T, Dagorne S. P,O-Phosphinophenolate zinc(II) species: synthesis, structure and use in the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide, ε-caprolactone and trimethylene carbonate. Dalton Trans 2016; 44:12376-87. [PMID: 25847079 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00458f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The P,O-type phosphinophenol proligands (1·H, 2-PPh2-4-Me-6-Me-C6H2OH; 2·H, 2-PPh2-4-Me-6-(t)Bu-C6H2OH) readily react with one equiv. of ZnEt2 to afford in high yields the corresponding Zn(II)-ethyl dimers of the type [(κ(2)-P,O)Zn-Et]2 (3 and 4) with two μ-OPh bridging oxygens connecting the two Zn(II) centers, as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies in the case of 3. Based on diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY), both species 3 and 4 retain their dimeric structures in solution. The alcoholysis reaction of Zn(II) alkyls 3 and 4 with BnOH led to the high yield formation of the corresponding Zn(II) benzyloxide species [(κ(2)-P,O)Zn-OBn]2 (5 and 6), isolated in a pure form as colorless solids. The centrosymmetric and dimeric nature of Zn(II) alkoxides 5 and 6 in solution was deduced from DOSY NMR experiments and multinuclear NMR data. Though the heteroleptic species 5 is stable in solution, its analogue 6 is instable in CH2Cl2 solution at room temperature to slowly decompose to the corresponding homoleptic species 8via the transient formation of (κ(2)-P,O)2Zn2(μ-OBn)(μ–κ(1):κ(1)-P,O) (6′). Crystallization of compound 6 led to crystals of 6′, as established by XRD analysis. The reaction of ZnEt2 with two equiv. of 1·H and 2·H allowed access to the corresponding homoleptic species of the type [Zn(P,O)2] (7 and 8). All gathered data are consistent with compound 7 being a dinuclear species in the solid state and in solution. Data for species 8, which bears a sterically demanding P,O-ligand, are consistent with a mononuclear species in solution. The Zn(II) alkoxide species 5 and the [Zn(P,O)2]-type compounds 7 and 8 were evaluated as initiators of the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide (LA), ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) and trimethylene carbonate (TMC). Species 5 is a well-behaved ROP initiator for the homo-, co- and ter-polymerization of all three monomers with the production of narrow disperse materials under living and immortal conditions. Though species 7 and 8 are ROP inactive on their own, they readily polymerize LA in the presence of a nucleophile such as BnOH to produce narrow disperse PLA, presumably via an activated-monomer ROP mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Fliedel
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, 2829-516, Portugal
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44
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Ou HW, Lo KH, Du WT, Lu WY, Chuang WJ, Huang BH, Chen HY, Lin CC. Synthesis of Sodium Complexes Supported with NNO-Tridentate Schiff Base Ligands and Their Applications in the Ring-Opening Polymerization of L-Lactide. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:1423-32. [PMID: 26828572 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of sodium complexes bearing NNO-tridentate Schiff base ligands with an N-pendant arm were synthesized and used as catalysts for the ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide (L-LA). Electronic effects of ancillary ligands coordinated by sodium complexes substantially influence the catalysis, and ligands with electron-donating groups increase the catalytic activity of the sodium complexes for catalyzing L-LA polymerization. In particular, a sodium complex bearing a 4-methoxy group has the highest activity with conversion up to 95% within 30 s at 0 °C and a low polydispersity index of 1.13, whereas the 4-bromo group showed the poorest performance with regard to the catalytic rate of L-LA polymerization in the presence of benzyl alcohol (BnOH). (1)H NMR pulsed-gradient spin-echo diffusion experiments and single-crystal X-ray analyses showed that sodium complexes [L(H)Na(THF)]2 and [L(4-Cl)Na(THF)]2 were dinuclear species in both solution and the solid state. The kinetic results indicated a first-order dependence on each of [[L(4-Cl)Na]2], [l-LA], and [BnOH].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Wei Ou
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung 402, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kai-Hsuan Lo
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung 402, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ting Du
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung 402, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung 402, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wan-Jung Chuang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Bor-Hunn Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung 402, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsuan-Ying Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chu-Chieh Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung 402, Taiwan, Republic of China
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45
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Zhang Q, Zhang W, Wang S, Solan GA, Liang T, Rajendran NM, Sun WH. Sodium iminoquinolates with cubic and hexagonal prismatic motifs: synthesis, characterization and their catalytic behavior toward the ROP of rac-lactide. Inorg Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qi00155f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sodium 2-arylimino-8-quinolates have been shown to adopt a variety of unusual multimetallic assemblies; all exhibit good activities towards the ROP of rac-lactide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiurui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Shengdong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Gregory A. Solan
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Tongling Liang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | | | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
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46
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Dai Z, Sun Y, Xiong J, Pan X, Tang N, Wu J. Simple sodium and potassium phenolates as catalysts for highly isoselective polymerization of rac-lactide. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy01194a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of simple sodium and potassium phenolates can highly isoselectively catalyze the polymerization of rac-lactide (with a high Pm value of up to 0.89).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongran Dai
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Pan
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Tang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jincai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou 730000
- People's Republic of China
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47
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Sun Y, Xiong J, Dai Z, Pan X, Tang N, Wu J. Stereoselective Alkali-Metal Catalysts for Highly Isotactic Poly(rac-lactide) Synthesis. Inorg Chem 2015; 55:136-43. [PMID: 26684962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A high degree of chain end control in the isoselective ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of rac-lactide is a challenging research goal. In this work, eight highly active sodium and potassium phenolates as highly isoselective catalysts for the ROP of rac-lactide are reported. The best isoselectivity value of Pm = 0.94 is achieved. The isoselective mechanism is chain-end control through the analysis of the stereoerrors in the microstructure of a final polymer; thus, isotactic multiblock structure polymers are obtained, and the highest melt point can reach 192.5 °C. The donating group in phenolate can clearly accelerate the ROP reaction, potassium complexes are more active than the analogous sodium complexes, and the big spacial hindrance of the ligand can decrease the activity. The high isoselectivities of these complexes mostly result from their sandwich structure constructed by the plane of the crown and the plane of the anthryl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongran Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jincai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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48
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Han T, Petrus R, Bykowski D, Jerzykiewicz L, Sobota P. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Magnesium Drug Complexes: Efficient Initiators for Forming Polylactide–Drug Conjugates. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Han
- Research & Development Centre Novasome, 5 Olsztyńska, 51-423 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rafał Petrus
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dominik Bykowski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Lucjan Jerzykiewicz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Sobota
- Research & Development Centre Novasome, 5 Olsztyńska, 51-423 Wrocław, Poland
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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49
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Sun Y, Cui Y, Xiong J, Dai Z, Tang N, Wu J. Different mechanisms at different temperatures for the ring-opening polymerization of lactide catalyzed by binuclear magnesium and zinc alkoxides. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:16383-91. [PMID: 26308730 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt01784j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two binuclear magnesium and zinc alkoxides supported by a bis-salalen type dinucleating heptadentate Schiff base ligand were synthesized and fully characterized. The two complexes are efficient initiators for the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of L-lactide, affording polymers with narrow polydispersities and desirable molecular weights. Interestingly, the mechanisms for the ROP of lactide are different at different temperatures. At a high temperature of 130 °C, a coordination-insertion mechanism is reasonable for the bulk melt polymerization of lactide. At a low temperature, the alkoxide cannot initiate the ROP reaction; however, upon the addition of external benzyl alcohol into the system, the ROP of lactide can smoothly proceed via an "activated monomer" mechanism. In addition, these complexes display slight stereo-selectivity for the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide, affording partially isotactic polylactide in toluene with a Pm value of 0.59.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
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50
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Wang JH, Tsai CY, Su JK, Huang BH, Lin CC, Ko BT. Mono-, di- and tetra-zinc complexes derived from an amino-benzotriazole phenolate ligand containing a bulkier N-alkyl pendant arm: synthesis, structure and catalysis for ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:12401-10. [PMID: 25727459 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02906b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Zinc complexes constructed from the amino-modified benzotriazole phenol pro-ligand, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-6-((diisopropylamino)methyl)-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenol ((C8DIA)BTP-H, 1), were synthesized stepwise and structurally characterized. The reaction of (C8DIA)BTP-H (1) with one equivalent of diethyl zinc (ZnEt2) generates a dimeric and four-coordinated zinc complex, [(μ-(C8DIA)BTP)ZnEt]2 (2), which is doubly bridged by two phenolate groups of C8DIABTP ligands. Further reaction of 2 with benzyl alcohol (BnOH) in stoichiometric proportions affords a tetranuclear zinc benzylalkoxide complex [(μ-OBn)((C8DIA)BTP)Zn]4 (3) that possesses a saddle-shaped core with four μ2-bridging benzylalkoxy groups upon four Zn centres. Interestingly, the di-nuclear Zn alkoxide [(μ-OBn)((C8DIA)BTP)Zn(DMAP)]2 (4) could be prepared by treatment of 3 with a stoichiometric amount of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP). ZnEt2 reacts with two equivalents of 1 in the presence of DMAP (1.0 mol equiv.) to yield a five-coordinated mononuclear zinc complex, [((C8DIA)BTP)2Zn(DMAP)] (5). All complexes adopt an N,O-bidentate coordination mode from the phenoxy oxygen atom and benzotriazole nitrogen atom, in which the nitrogen atom of the pendent arm substituent is not coordinated to the zinc centre. Ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone and β-butyrolactone catalysed by 2 and 3 was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Han Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 320, Taiwan
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