Alkaline-earth metal phosphonocarboxylates: synthesis, structures, chirality, and luminescence properties

Intercalation of 1,n-diols into strontium phenylphosphonate: how the shape of the host layers influences arrangement of the guest molecules

Strontium phenylphosphonate intercalates with 1,n diols (n=2-4, 6-8) having general formula SrC6H5PO3⋅x(HO(CH2)nOH)⋅yH2O were prepared by precipitation from strontium phenylphosphonate solution and the corresponding diols. Prepared compounds exhibit a very good stability at ambient conditions. The intercalates were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and elemental analysis. Thanks to the existence of free spaces among the benzene rings the diols exhibit a peculiar intercalation behavior. This behavior is explained on the basis of molecular simulation, which facilitated to elucidate the arrangement of the diol (guest) molecules in the specifically shaped space between the layers of the host material. From the structural point of view the intercalates can be divided into two subgroups: (i) intercalates with 1,2- to 1,4-diols and (ii) intercalates with 1,6- to 1,8-diols. The alkanediols of the first group are immersed in the free spaces among the benzene groups, their molecules adopt a horseshoe shape meaning cis conformation and are bonded by both of their OH groups to one host layer. The longer alkanediol chains of the second group allow anchoring to both neighboring layers of the host forming a kind of pillared structure in the interlayer space. The diol molecules are in this case bonded to the host layers by their OH groups to the oxygen atoms of the host layers and to water molecules present in the interlayer space through hydrogen bonds. The values of the basal spacing obtained from the experimental powder X-ray patterns are in a very good agreement with the basal spacing values calculated from the models. The molecular simulation of a 1,5-pentanediol intercalate, which we were not be able to synthesize, explained why this intercalate cannot be stable.

Multidimensional (0D to 3D) Alkaline-Earth Metal Diphosphonates: Synthesis, Structural Diversity, and Luminescence Properties

A series of new alkaline-earth metal diphosphonate frameworks were successfully synthesized under solvothermal reaction condition (160 °C, 3 d) using 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (CH3C(OH)(H2PO3)2, hedpH4) as a diphosphonate building block and Mg(II), Ca(II), Sr(II), or Ba(II) ions as alkaline-earth metal ion centers in water, dimethylformamide, and/or EtOH media. These diphosphonate frameworks, (H2NMe2)4[Mg(hedpH2)3]·3H2O (1), (H2NMe2)2[Ca(hedpH2)2] (2), (H2NMe2)2[Sr3(hedpH2)4(H2O)2] (3), and [Ba3(hedpH2)3]·H2O (4) exhibited interesting structural topologies (zero-, one-, two-, and three-dimensional (0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D, respectively)), which are mainly depending on the metal ions and the solvents used in the synthesis. The single-crystal analysis of these newly synthesized compounds revealed that 1 was a 0D molecule, 2 has 1D chains, 3 was a 3D molecule, and 4 has 2D layers. All compounds were further characterized using thermogravimetric analysis, solid-state (31)P NMR, powder X-ray diffraction analysis, UV-vis spectra, and infrared spectroscopy. In addition, Eu(III)- and Tb(III)-doped compounds of 1-4, namely, (H2NMe2)4[Ln(x)Mg(1-x)(hedpH2)2(hedpH(2-x))]·3H2O (1Ln), (H2NMe2)2[Ln(x)Ca(1-x)(hedpH2)(hedpH(2-x))] (2Ln), (H2NMe2)2[Ln(x)Sr(3-x)(hedpH2)3(hedpH(2-x))(H2O)2] (3Ln), and [Ln(x)Ba(3-x)(hedpH2)2(hedpH(2-x))]·H2O (4Ln) (where Ln = Eu, Tb), were synthesized, and their photoluminescence properties were studied. The quantum yield of 1Eu-4Eu was measured with reference to commercial red phosphor, Y2O2S:Eu(3+) (YE), and the quantum yield of terbium-doped compounds 1Tb-4Tb was measured with reference to commercial green-emitting phosphor CeMgAl10O17:Tb(3+). Interestingly, the compound 2Eu showed very high quantum yield of 92.2%, which is better than that of the reference commercial red phosphor, YE (90.8%).