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Oeser P, Tobrman T. Organophosphates as Versatile Substrates in Organic Synthesis. Molecules 2024; 29:1593. [PMID: 38611872 PMCID: PMC11154425 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the applications of organophosphates in organic synthesis. After a brief introduction, it discusses cross-coupling reactions, including both transition-metal-catalyzed and transition-metal-free substitution reactions. Subsequently, oxidation and reduction reactions are described. In addition, this review highlights the applications of organophosphates in the synthesis of natural compounds, demonstrating their versatility and importance in modern synthetic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomáš Tobrman
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic;
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Heinicke JW. o-Hydroxyarylphosphanes: Strategies for Syntheses of Configurationally Stable, Electronically and Sterically Tunable Ambiphiles with Multiple Applications. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302740. [PMID: 37905970 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
o-Hydroxyarylphosphanes are fascinating compounds by their multiple-reactivity features, attributed to the ambident hard and soft Lewis- and also Brønstedt acid-base properties, wide tuning opportunities via backbone substituents with ±mesomeric and inductive, at P and in o-position to P and O also steric effects, and in addition, the configurational stability at three-valent phosphorus. Air sensitivity may be overcome by reversible protection with BH3 , but the easy oxidation to P(V)-compounds may also be used. Since the first reports on the title compounds ca. 50 years ago the multiple reactivity has led to versatile applications. This includes various P-E-O and P=C-O heterocycles, a multitude of O-substituted derivatives including acyl derivatives for traceless Staudinger couplings of biomolecules with labels or functional substituents, phosphane-phosphite ligands, which like the o-phosphanylphenols itself form a range of transition metal complexes and catalysts. Also main group metal complexes and (bi)arylphosphonium-organocatalysts are derived. Within this review the various strategies for the access of the starting materials are illuminated, including few hints to selected applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim W Heinicke
- Emeritus Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University Greifswald, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
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3
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Enhancing fluorescence and lowering the optical gap through C P doping of a π-conjugated molecular backbone: A computational-based design approach. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2021.100089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Kremláček V, Hyvl J, Yoshida WY, Růžička A, Rheingold AL, Turek J, Hughes RP, Dostál L, Cain MF. Heterocycles Derived from Generating Monovalent Pnictogens within NCN Pincers and Bidentate NC Chelates: Hypervalency versus Bell-Clappers versus Static Aromatics. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vít Kremláček
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Hyvl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai‘i at Ma̅noa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Wesley Y. Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai‘i at Ma̅noa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jan Turek
- Eenheid Algemene Chemie (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Russell P. Hughes
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, 6128 Burke Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic
| | - Matthew F. Cain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai‘i at Ma̅noa, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
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Sarkar S, Protasiewicz JD, Dunietz BD. Controlling the Emissive Activity in Heterocyclic Systems Bearing C═P Bonds. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:3567-3572. [PMID: 29905483 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The photophysical properties of a series of heteroatom substituted indoles are explored to identify chemical means to control their emissive activity. In particular, we consider impacts of changes in the conjugated backbone, where the C═N bonds of benzoxazoles are replaced by C═P bonds (benzoxaphospholes). The effects of extending the π-conjugation, incorporating various secondary heteroatoms (X-C═P), and enforcing planar rigidity are also examined. Our computational analysis explains the higher fluorescence efficiency observed with extended π-conjugation and highlights the importance of maintaining molecular planarity at both ground- and emissive-state geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunandan Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Kent State University , Kent , Ohio 44242 , United States
| | - John D Protasiewicz
- Department of Chemistry , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , Ohio 44106 , United States
| | - Barry D Dunietz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Kent State University , Kent , Ohio 44242 , United States
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6
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Shameem MA, Orthaber A. Organophosphorus Compounds in Organic Electronics. Chemistry 2016; 22:10718-35. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Anwar Shameem
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories; Uppsala University; Box 523 75120 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories; Uppsala University; Box 523 75120 Uppsala Sweden
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7
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Wu S, Rheingold AL, Golen JA, Grimm AB, Protasiewicz JD. Synthesis of a Luminescent Azaphosphole. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201501279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, United States, http://www.case.edu/chem/faculty/protasiewicz/group/Protasiewicz/Welcome.html
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, California, 92093, United States
| | - James A. Golen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, Massachusetts, 02747, United States
| | - Alexandra B. Grimm
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, United States, http://www.case.edu/chem/faculty/protasiewicz/group/Protasiewicz/Welcome.html
| | - John D. Protasiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, United States, http://www.case.edu/chem/faculty/protasiewicz/group/Protasiewicz/Welcome.html
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Heinicke JW. Electron-Rich Aromatic 1,3-Heterophospholes - Recent Syntheses and Impact of High Electron Density at σ2P on the Reactivity. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Worch JC, Hellemann E, Pros G, Gayathri C, Pintauer T, Gil RR, Noonan KJT. Stability and Reactivity of 1,3-Benzothiaphosphole: Metalation and Diels–Alder Chemistry. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua C. Worch
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Erich Hellemann
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Gabrielle Pros
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes
Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
| | - Chakicherla Gayathri
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Tomislav Pintauer
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes
Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
| | - Roberto R. Gil
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Kevin J. T. Noonan
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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11
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Qiu Y, Worch JC, Chirdon DN, Kaur A, Maurer AB, Amsterdam S, Collins CR, Pintauer T, Yaron D, Bernhard S, Noonan KJT. Tuning Thiophene with Phosphorus: Synthesis and Electronic Properties of Benzobisthiaphospholes. Chemistry 2014; 20:7746-51. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyan Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213 (USA)
| | - Joshua C. Worch
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213 (USA)
| | - Danielle N. Chirdon
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213 (USA)
| | - Aman Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, 308 Mellon Hall, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15282 (USA)
| | - Andrew B. Maurer
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213 (USA)
| | - Samuel Amsterdam
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213 (USA)
| | - Christopher R. Collins
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213 (USA)
| | - Tomislav Pintauer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, 308 Mellon Hall, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15282 (USA)
| | - David Yaron
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213 (USA)
| | - Stefan Bernhard
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213 (USA)
| | - Kevin J. T. Noonan
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213 (USA)
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12
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Wu S, Rheingold AL, Protasiewicz JD. Luminescent materials containing multiple benzoxaphosphole units. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:11036-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc05259e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of bisbenzoxaphospholes and a trisbenzoxaphosphole have been prepared and characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- Case Western Reserve University
- Cleveland, USA
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- La Jolla, USA
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