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Enríquez-Palacios E, Robledo-Patiño AV, Zelada-Guillén GA. Zn-Salphen Acrylic Films Powered by Aggregation-Induced Enhanced Emission for Sensing Applications. J Fluoresc 2024; 34:1903-1912. [PMID: 37665511 PMCID: PMC11249402 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03399-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Zn(II) complexes possess attractive characteristics for supramolecular chemistry, catalysis, and optoelectronic applications, while Zn-Salphen counterparts are also suitable as chemical sensors, although limited by solution-based to date. In this study, we report the synthesis of new polymers from methyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, and a non-symmetrical Zn-Salphen complex. We show that this low-fluorescent complex exhibits aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) properties and that, the incorporation of AIEE complexes into a polymeric matrix make it possible to achieve fluorescent films with enhanced fluorescence suitable for sensing applications. As a proof of concept, these films could detect acetic acid, showing a decrease of up to 73% in the original fluorescence. Host/guest studies showed a subtle disruption of the emission in aggregates upon treatment with anion guests. These results indicate that an interaction between the guest and Zn-Salphen complex may occur, stabilizing or destabilizing the complex and causing a concomitant increase or decrease in emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Enríquez-Palacios
- School of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Circuito Escolar s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico.
| | - Ana Victoria Robledo-Patiño
- School of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Circuito Escolar s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Gustavo A Zelada-Guillén
- School of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Circuito Escolar s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico.
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2
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Lewis Acidic Zinc(II) Complexes of Tetradentate Ligands as Building Blocks for Responsive Assembled Supramolecular Structures. CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry5010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents representative examples illustrating how the Lewis acidic character of the Zn(II) metal center in Zn(salen)-type complexes, as well as in complexes of other tetradentate ligands, and the nature of the medium govern their supramolecular aggregation, leading to the formation of a variety of supramolecular structures, either in solution or in the solid state. Stabilization of these Lewis acidic complexes is almost always reached through an axial coordination of a Lewis base, leading to a penta-coordinated square-pyramidal geometry around the metal center. The coverage is not exhaustive, mainly focused on their crystallographic structures, but also on their aggregation and sensing properties in solution, and on their self-assembled and responsive nanostructures, summarizing their salient aspects. The axial ligands can easily be displaced, either in solution or in the solid state, with suitable Lewis bases, thus being responsive supramolecular structures useful for sensing. This contribution represents the first attempt to relate some common features of the chemistry of different families of Zn(II) complexes of tetradentate ligands to their intrinsic Lewis acidic character.
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3
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Ullmann S, Börner M, Kahnt A, Abel B, Kersting B. Green‐Emissive Zn
2+
Complex Supported by a Macrocyclic Schiff‐Base/Calix[4]arene‐Ligand: Crystallographic and Spectroscopic Characterization. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steve Ullmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Leipzig Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Institut für Nichtklassische Chemie e.V. Permoserstraße. 15 04318 Leipzig
| | - Martin Börner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Leipzig Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) Department of Functional Surfaces Permoserstr. 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - Axel Kahnt
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) Department of Functional Surfaces Permoserstr. 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - Bernd Abel
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) Department of Functional Surfaces Permoserstr. 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Universität Leipzig Linnéstraße 2 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Berthold Kersting
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Leipzig Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
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4
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Di Bella S. Lewis acidic zinc(II) salen-type Schiff-base complexes: sensing properties and responsive nanostructures. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:6050-6063. [PMID: 33876173 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00949d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this frontier article some peculiar characteristics of Zn(salen)-type Schiff-base complexes are reviewed. The paper is mainly focused on the most recent and relevant achievements on responsive supramolecular nanostructures and sensing properties, both of them related to the Lewis acidic character of the ZnII centre in these molecular species, providing an interpretation of these features. The sensing properties of Zn(salen)-type complexes mainly originate from optical spectroscopic changes associated with the formation of the adducts upon addition of a Lewis base (analyte), either by deaggregation of dimeric species or displacement of the solvent coordinated to the metal centre. In both cases the direct sensing is related either to the Lewis acidic character of the complex as well as to the Lewis basicity of the analyte. The formation of responsive nanostructures with fluorescent, and/or vapochromic, mechanochromic, and thermochromic characteristics is driven by non-mutual intermolecular ZnO interactions, further stabilized by π-π stacking interactions and/or interdigitation of the alkyl side groups. The Lewis acidic character is not a prerogative of Zn(salen)-type complexes of tetradentate Schiff-bases. Many other classes of ZnII complexes can possess this property. A correct interpretation of their chemistry is certainly useful for further development of these classical coordination compounds as new molecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santo Di Bella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy.
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5
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Hylland KT, Øien‐Ødegaard S, Tilset M. The Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐Coupling as the Key Step in the Synthesis of 2‐Aminobiphenyls and 2,2'‐Diaminobiphenyls: Application in the Synthesis of Schiff Base Complexes of Zn. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sigurd Øien‐Ødegaard
- Department of Chemistry University of Oslo P. O. Box 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
| | - Mats Tilset
- Department of Chemistry University of Oslo P. O. Box 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
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6
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Urbani M, Torres T. A Constrained and "Inverted" [3+3] Salphen Macrocycle with an ortho-Phenylethynyl Substitution Pattern. Chemistry 2020; 26:1683-1690. [PMID: 31821617 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A [3+3] Schiff-base salphen macrocycle (7 a) was synthesized by imine condensation between ortho-phenylenediamine and ortho-phenylethynyl-bridged bis(5-salicylaldehyde) precursors. The triangular-shaped macrocycle 7 a has a nonclassical (or "inverted") design in which the N2 O2 coordination pockets are located at the sides instead of the corners. Compound 7 a could be synthesized in a reasonably good yield (64 %) considering the steric constraints imposed by the ortho substitution pattern. Subsequent zinc metalation afforded the corresponding Zn metallomacrocycle 7 b. Spectroscopic experiments evidenced weak (7 a) to strong (7 b) self-aggregation behavior in solution. Their ability to self-organize at the supramolecular level was further studied in the solid state by AFM and TEM, which revealed the formation of large bundles of fibers with lengths of several micrometers and widths of nanometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxence Urbani
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Nanociencia, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomas Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Nanociencia, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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7
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Obydennov DL, Khammatova LR, Steben'kov VD, Sosnovskikh VY. Synthesis of novel polycarbonyl Schiff bases by ring-opening reaction of ethyl 5-acyl-4-pyrone-2-carboxylates with primary mono- and diamines. RSC Adv 2019; 9:40072-40083. [PMID: 35541399 PMCID: PMC9076191 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07653k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An approach for the introduction of the tricarbonyl moiety into aromatic, heterocyclic, and aliphatic amines with the use of acylpyrones has been developed for the synthesis and the design of novel polycarbonyl Schiff base ligands, including salphen structures. This Michael addition–ring-opening reaction proceeds under mild conditions (stirring at 0–20 °C) via the attack at the C-6 position of the pyrone ring in good to high yields (up to 99%) with excellent selectivity. The products can be easily isolated by crystallization without the use of chromatography. The scope of the reaction, tautomeric equilibrium of open-chain products, and their cyclization into pyridone structures were investigated. An approach for the introduction of the tricarbonyl moiety into various amines has been developed based on acylpyrones.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Obydennov
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University 51 Lenina Ave. 620000 Ekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - L R Khammatova
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University 51 Lenina Ave. 620000 Ekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - V D Steben'kov
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University 51 Lenina Ave. 620000 Ekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - V Y Sosnovskikh
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University 51 Lenina Ave. 620000 Ekaterinburg Russian Federation
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8
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Consiglio G, Oliveri IP, Failla S, Di Bella S. On the Aggregation and Sensing Properties of Zinc(II) Schiff-Base Complexes of Salen-Type Ligands. Molecules 2019; 24:E2514. [PMID: 31324053 PMCID: PMC6651702 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The zinc(II) ion forms stable complexes with a wide variety of ligands, but those related to Schiff-bases are among the most largely investigated. This review deals with the peculiar aggregation characteristics of Zn(II) Schiff-base complexes from tetradentate N2O2 salen-type ligands, L, derivatives from salicylaldehydes and 1,2-diamines, and is mostly focused on their spectroscopic properties in solution. Thanks to their Lewis acidic character, ZnL complexes show interesting structural, nanostructural, and aggregation/deaggregation properties in relation to the absence/presence of a Lewis base. Deaggregation of these complexes is accompanied by relevant changes of their spectroscopic properties that can appropriately be exploited for sensing Lewis bases. Thus, ZnL complexes have been investigated as chromogenic and fluorogenic chemosensors of charged and neutral Lewis bases, including cell imaging, and have shown to be selective and sensitive to the Lewis basicity of the involved species. From these studies emerges that these popular, Lewis acidic bis(salicylaldiminato)Zn(II) Schiff-base complexes represent classical coordination compounds for modern applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Consiglio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Ivan Pietro Oliveri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Failla
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Santo Di Bella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy.
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9
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Wyss KM, Hardy EE, Gorden AE. An example of enhanced emission of a pyridine containing schiff base zinc2+ complex. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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10
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Wang K, Su H, Wang P, Wang W, Li H. The enhancement of the D–A effect of an asymmetric Schiff base by introducing acetyl groups into diaminomaleonitrile: synthesis, red fluorescence and crystal structure. RSC Adv 2019; 9:14268-14275. [PMID: 35519334 PMCID: PMC9063999 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00977a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
An asymmetrical salen-type organic ligand was designed and synthesized by a new strategy developed using a precursor Ac-DMN, which is a diaminomaleonitrile (DMN) incorporated with an acetyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
| | - Hao Su
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
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11
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Ullmann S, Schnorr R, Laube C, Abel B, Kersting B. Photoluminescence properties of tetrahedral zinc(ii) complexes supported by calix[4]arene-based salicylaldiminato ligands. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:5801-5811. [PMID: 29644369 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00757h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and photophysical properties of four new hybrid salicylaldiminato-calix[4]arene ligands and their corresponding zinc(ii) complexes are described. The Schiff bases were obtained from condensation reactions between cone-25,27-di(aminoethoxy)-26,28-dihydroxy-calix[4]arene and salicylaldehyde (H2L1) or o-vanillin (H2L2) and 1,3-alt-25,27-di(aminoethoxy)-26,28-di(n-propyloxy)-calix[4]arene and 3,5-di-tert-butyl-salicylaldehyde (H2L3) or o-vanillin (H2L4). Complexation reactions were investigated by ESI-MS, IR, NMR, UV-vis absorption and steady-state and time resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. All ligands support 1 : 1 complexes (ZnL1-ZnL4), with equilibrium constants derived from absorption spectrophotometry in the range log K11 = 5.5-8.2 (MeCN or MeOH/CH2Cl2, I = 0.01 M). The zinc complexes show blue fluorescence, both in solution as well as in the solid state, with λem, Φf, and τ ranging from 472-504 nm, 0.11-0.60, and 2-9 ns, respectively. The nature of the substituents on the salicylaldiminato fragments was found to be the main parameter that influences the photophysical properties of the zinc complexes. Insights into the electronic nature of the UV-vis transitions were obtained with time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Ullmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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12
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Oliveri IP, Forte G, Consiglio G, Failla S, Di Bella S. Aggregates of Defined Stereochemical Scaffolds: A Study in Solution of a Zinc(II) Schiff Base Complex Derived from the Enantiopure trans-1,2-Cyclopentanediamine. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:14206-14213. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Pietro Oliveri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche and ‡Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Forte
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche and ‡Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Consiglio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche and ‡Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Failla
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche and ‡Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Santo Di Bella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche and ‡Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
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13
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Forte G, Oliveri IP, Consiglio G, Failla S, Di Bella S. On the Lewis acidic character of bis(salicylaldiminato)zinc(ii) Schiff-base complexes: a computational and experimental investigation on a series of compounds varying the bridging diimine. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:4571-4581. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00574a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The electronic effects induced by the geometry of the 1,2-diimine bridge control the Lewis acidic character in a series of ZnII Shiff-base complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Forte
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco
- Università di Catania
- I-95125 Catania
- Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Consiglio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università di Catania
- I-95125 Catania
- Italy
| | - Salvatore Failla
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università di Catania
- I-95125 Catania
- Italy
| | - Santo Di Bella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università di Catania
- I-95125 Catania
- Italy
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14
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Wang WJ, Hao L, Chen CY, Qiu QM, Wang K, Song JB, Li H. Red-shift in fluorescence emission of D–A type asymmetrical Zn(ii) complexes by extending the π–π stacking interaction. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01135k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Two D–A type asymmetrical Zn(ii) coordination complexes, [ZnL1(C2H5OH)] (1) and [ZnL2(DMF)]·DMF (2) were designed, synthesized, and studied. Through the strategy of expanding π–π stacking interaction, fluorescence emission is red-shifted remarkably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clusters Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Liang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Clusters Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Chao-Yuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Clusters Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Qi-Ming Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Clusters Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clusters Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Jian-Biao Song
- Key Laboratory of Clusters Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Clusters Science of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
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15
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Hardy EE, Eddy MA, Maynard BA, Gorden AEV. Solid state π–π stacking and higher order dimensional crystal packing, reactivity, and electrochemical behaviour of salphenazine actinide and transition metal complexes. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:14243-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02389d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Here, we describe and compare the synthesis, solution characterization, and solid-state behaviour of the salphenazine ligand and metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. E. Hardy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Auburn University
- Auburn
- USA
| | - M. A. Eddy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Auburn University
- Auburn
- USA
| | - B. A. Maynard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Auburn University
- Auburn
- USA
| | - A. E. V. Gorden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Auburn University
- Auburn
- USA
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16
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Terenzi A, Lauria A, Almerico AM, Barone G. Zinc complexes as fluorescent chemosensors for nucleic acids: new perspectives for a "boring" element. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:3527-35. [PMID: 25375997 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02881c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Zinc(II) complexes are effective and selective nucleic acid-binders and strongly fluorescent molecules in the low energy range, from the visible to the near infrared. These two properties have often been exploited to quantitatively detect nucleic acids in biological samples, in both in vitro and in vivo models. In particular, the fluorescent emission of several zinc(II) complexes is drastically enhanced or quenched by the binding to nucleic acids and/or upon visible light exposure, in a different fashion in bulk solution and when bound to DNA. The twofold objective of this perspective is (1) to review recent utilisations of zinc(II) complexes as selective fluorescent probes for nucleic acids and (2) to highlight their novel potential applications as diagnostic tools based on their photophysical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Terenzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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17
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Synthesis and characterization of luminescent zinc(II) complexes with a N,N-bidentate 1-pyridylimidazo[1,5-a]pyridine ligand. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Maynard BA, Brooks JC, Hardy EE, Easley CJ, Gorden AEV. Synthesis, structural characterization, electronic spectroscopy, and microfluidic detection of Cu(+2) and UO2(+2) [di-tert-butyl-salphenazine] complexes. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:4428-30. [PMID: 25657039 PMCID: PMC4589272 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00106d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal templation by condensation of 2,3-diaminophenazine with 3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde around the metal centers [M = Cu(II), and UO2(VI)] affords a new class of M[di-tert-butyl salphenazine] metal complexes. Reported here is the synthesis, single crystal X-ray structural characterization, electronic spectroscopy, and microfluidic detection of the formation of these M[di-tert-butyl sal-phenazine] complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Maynard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, 179 Chemistry Building, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA.
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19
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Consiglio G, Oliveri IP, Punzo F, Thompson AL, Di Bella S, Failla S. Structure and aggregation properties of a Schiff-base zinc(ii) complex derived from cis-1,2-diaminocyclohexane. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:13040-8. [PMID: 26103462 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt01148e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the bridging diamine upon the aggregation properties of a ZnII Schiff-base complex is reported. The X-ray crystal structure indicates the presence of an asymmetric dimer which is preserved even in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Consiglio
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale
- Università di Catania
- I-95125 Catania
- Italy
| | | | - Francesco Punzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco
- Sezione Chimica
- Università di Catania
- I-95125 Catania
- Italy
| | - Amber L. Thompson
- Chemical Crystallography
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3TA
- UK
| | - Santo Di Bella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Università di Catania
- I-95125 Catania
- Italy
| | - Salvatore Failla
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale
- Università di Catania
- I-95125 Catania
- Italy
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Martin E, Martínez Belmonte M, Escudero-Adán EC, Kleij AW. Exploring the Building-Block Potential of Readily Accessible Chiral [Zn(salen)] Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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