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Zhu W, Li B, Liu J, Sun S, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Li C, Sun T, Qin H, Shi J, Shi Z. A Versatile Approach for the Synthesis of Antimicrobial Polymer Brushes on Natural Rubber/Graphene Oxide Composite Films via Surface-Initiated Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization. Molecules 2024; 29:913. [PMID: 38398663 PMCID: PMC10891501 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A simple strategy was adopted for the preparation of an antimicrobial natural rubber/graphene oxide (NR/GO) composite film modified through the use of zwitterionic polymer brushes. An NR/GO composite film with antibacterial properties was prepared using a water-based solution-casting method. The composited GO was dispersed uniformly in the NR matrix and compensated for mechanical loss in the process of modification. Based on the high bromination activity of α-H in the structure of cis-polyisoprene, the composite films were brominated on the surface through the use of N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) under the irradiation of a 40 W tungsten lamp. Polymerization was carried out on the brominated films using sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) as a monomer via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). The NR/GO composite films modified using polymer brushes (PSBMAs) exhibited 99.99% antimicrobial activity for resistance to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. A novel polymer modification strategy for NR composite materials was established effectively, and the enhanced antimicrobial properties expand the application prospects in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Zhu
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Bangsen Li
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Jinrui Liu
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Shishu Sun
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Dashuai Zhang
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Chen Li
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Tianyi Sun
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Huaide Qin
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China;
| | - Jianjun Shi
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Zaifeng Shi
- Collage of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (W.Z.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.L.); (T.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Treatment and Resource Reuse of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China
- Haikou Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Pollution Control, Haikou 571158, China
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Ramsperger AFRM, Bergamaschi E, Panizzolo M, Fenoglio I, Barbero F, Peters R, Undas A, Purker S, Giese B, Lalyer CR, Tamargo A, Moreno-Arribas MV, Grossart HP, Kühnel D, Dietrich J, Paulsen F, Afanou AK, Zienolddiny-Narui S, Eriksen Hammer S, Kringlen Ervik T, Graff P, Brinchmann BC, Nordby KC, Wallin H, Nassi M, Benetti F, Zanella M, Brehm J, Kress H, Löder MGJ, Laforsch C. Nano- and microplastics: a comprehensive review on their exposure routes, translocation, and fate in humans. NANOIMPACT 2023; 29:100441. [PMID: 36427812 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2022.100441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of the environment with nano-and microplastic particles (NMPs) and its putative adverse effects on organisms, ecosystems, and human health is gaining increasing scientific and public attention. Various studies show that NMPs occur abundantly within the environment, leading to a high likelihood of human exposure to NMPs. Here, different exposure scenarios can occur. The most notable exposure routes of NMPs into the human body are via the airways and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) through inhalation or ingestion, but also via the skin due to the use of personal care products (PCPs) containing NMPs. Once NMPs have entered the human body, it is possible that they are translocated from the exposed organ to other body compartments. In our review article, we combine the current knowledge on the (1) exposure routes of NMPs to humans with the basic understanding of the potential (2) translocation mechanisms into human tissues and, consequently, their (3) fate within the human body. Regarding the (1) exposure routes, we reviewed the current knowledge on the occurrence of NMPs in food, beverages, personal care products and the air (focusing on indoors and workplaces) and found that the studies suggest an abundant presence of MPs within the exposure scenarios. The overall abundance of MPs in exposure matrices relevant to humans highlights the importance of understanding whether NMPs have the potential for tissue translocation. Therefore, we describe the current knowledge on the potential (2) translocation pathways of NMPs from the skin, GIT and respiratory systems to other body compartments. Here, particular attention was paid to how likely NMPs can translocate from the primary exposed organs to secondary organs due to naturally occurring defence mechanisms against tissue translocation. Based on the current understanding, we conclude that a dermal translocation of NMPs is rather unlikely. In contrast, small MPs and NPs can generally translocate from the GIT and respiratory system to other tissues. Thus, we reviewed the existing literature on the (3) fate of NMPs within the human body. Based on the current knowledge of the contamination of human exposure routes and the potential translocation mechanisms, we critically discuss the size of the detected particles reported in the fate studies. In some cases, the particles detected in human tissue samples exceed the size of a particle to overcome biological barriers allowing particle translocation into tissues. Therefore, we emphasize the importance of critically reading and discussing the presented results of NMP in human tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja F R M Ramsperger
- Animal Ecology I & BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany; Biological Physics, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Enrico Bergamaschi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Panizzolo
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ivana Fenoglio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Ruud Peters
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anna Undas
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Purker
- Institute of Safety and Risk Sciences (ISR), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernd Giese
- Institute of Safety and Risk Sciences (ISR), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carina R Lalyer
- Institute of Safety and Risk Sciences (ISR), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alba Tamargo
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Hans-Peter Grossart
- Plankton and Microbial Ecology, Leibniz Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany; Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dana Kühnel
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jana Dietrich
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Friedrich Paulsen
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Pål Graff
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bendik C Brinchmann
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway; Section of Air Pollution and Noise, Department of Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Håkan Wallin
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | | - Julian Brehm
- Animal Ecology I & BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Holger Kress
- Biological Physics, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Martin G J Löder
- Animal Ecology I & BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
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Ribeiro-Brasil DRG, Brasil LS, Veloso GKO, Matos TPD, Lima ESD, Dias-Silva K. The impacts of plastics on aquatic insects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 813:152436. [PMID: 34971686 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contamination by plastics and its negative effect on biodiversity have been well-documented in several types of organisms, especially in marine environments. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the impacts of plastic on other organisms such as aquatic insects, which predominantly inhabit freshwaters. It is widely known that these organisms are sensitive to environmental change, especially by contamination. Therefore, this study aimed at testing the hypothesis that aquatic insects are impacted by plastic contamination. We made a systematic search for international papers related to plastics and aquatic insects in databases such as Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus. We obtained 1217 studies of which 40 discussed the impacts of contamination by plastics on aquatic insects. We identified two main impacts: the first one is caused by the use of black macroplastic to protect crops from contact with the soil in agriculture. These black macroplastics attract tons of adult aquatic insects (terrestrial stage) that mistake the plastic surface for water because they select oviposition sites through phototaxis or polarotaxis. The second one comes from water contamination that can originate from the inadequate disposal of plastics, which harms young aquatic insects (aquatic phase) when they feed, reproduce, and construct shelters. Our results show the negative impacts of plastics on both larvae and adult aquatic insects. Despite the large knowledge gap regarding the impacts of plastic on aquatic insects, the evidence above is sufficient to consider these organisms important in global discussions regarding the impacts of plastic on biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Regina Gomes Ribeiro-Brasil
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory (LABECO), Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Augusto Corrêa Street, n° 01, 66075-110, Guamá, Belém, PA, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Ecology (PPGECO), Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Augusto Corrêa Street, n° 01, 66075-110, Guamá, Belém, PA, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Schlemmer Brasil
- Ecology and Conservation Laboratory (LABECO), Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Augusto Corrêa Street, n° 01, 66075-110, Guamá, Belém, PA, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Zoology (PPGZOO), Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Augusto Corrêa Street, n° 01, 66075-110, Guamá, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Geysa Kelly Oliveira Veloso
- Aquatic Insect Ecology Laboratory (LEIA), Faculty of Biological Sciences (FCB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Coronel José Porfírio Avenue 2515, 68372-040, São Sebastião, Altamira, PA, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Ecology (PPGECO), Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Augusto Corrêa Street, n° 01, 66075-110, Guamá, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Talissa Pio de Matos
- Aquatic Insect Ecology Laboratory (LEIA), Faculty of Biological Sciences (FCB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Coronel José Porfírio Avenue 2515, 68372-040, São Sebastião, Altamira, PA, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Conservation (PPGBC), Faculty of Biological Sciences (FCB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Coronel José Porfírio Avenue 2515, 68372-040, São Sebastião, Altamira, PA, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Silva de Lima
- Aquatic Insect Ecology Laboratory (LEIA), Faculty of Biological Sciences (FCB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Coronel José Porfírio Avenue 2515, 68372-040, São Sebastião, Altamira, PA, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Conservation (PPGBC), Faculty of Biological Sciences (FCB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Coronel José Porfírio Avenue 2515, 68372-040, São Sebastião, Altamira, PA, Brazil
| | - Karina Dias-Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Ecology (PPGECO), Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Augusto Corrêa Street, n° 01, 66075-110, Guamá, Belém, PA, Brazil; Aquatic Insect Ecology Laboratory (LEIA), Faculty of Biological Sciences (FCB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Coronel José Porfírio Avenue 2515, 68372-040, São Sebastião, Altamira, PA, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Conservation (PPGBC), Faculty of Biological Sciences (FCB), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Coronel José Porfírio Avenue 2515, 68372-040, São Sebastião, Altamira, PA, Brazil
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Burns EE, Boxall ABA. Microplastics in the aquatic environment: Evidence for or against adverse impacts and major knowledge gaps. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:2776-2796. [PMID: 30328173 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing scientific and public concern over the presence of microplastics in the natural environment. We present the results of a systematic review of the literature to assess the weight of evidence for microplastics causing environmental harm. We conclude that microplastics do occur in surface water and sediments. Fragments and fibers predominate, with beads making up only a small proportion of the detected microplastic types. Concentrations detected are orders of magnitude lower than those reported to affect endpoints such as biochemistry, feeding, reproduction, growth, tissue inflammation and mortality in organisms. The evidence for microplastics acting as a vector for hydrophobic organic compounds to accumulate in organisms is also weak. The available data therefore suggest that these materials are not causing harm to the environment. There is, however, a mismatch between the particle types, size ranges, and concentrations of microplastics used in laboratory tests and those measured in the environment. Select environmental compartments have also received limited attention. There is an urgent need for studies that address this mismatch by performing high quality and more holistic monitoring studies alongside more environmentally realistic effects studies. Only then will we be able to fully characterize risks of microplastics to the environment to support the introduction of regulatory controls that can make a real positive difference to environmental quality. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2776-2796. © 2018 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Burns
- Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, United Kingdom
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