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Li Y, Yang J, Liu F, Shi C, Zhu E, Yin S, Yu J, Xu M. Evolution of High-Index Facets Pt Nanocrystals Induced by N-Defective Sites in the Integrated Electrode for Enhanced Methanol Oxidation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309457. [PMID: 38150624 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient and durable Pt electrocatalysts are the key to boost the performance of fuel cells. The high-index facets (HIF) Pt nanocrystals are regarded as excellent catalytic activity and stability catalysts. However, nucleation, growth and evolution of high-index facets Pt nanocrystals induced by defective sites is still a challenge. In this work, tetrahexahedron (THH) and hexactahedron (HOH) Pt nanocrystals are synthesized, which are loaded on the nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) support of the integrated electrodes by the square wave pulse method. Experimental investigations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations are conducted to analyze the growth and evolution mechanism of HIF Pt nanocrystals on the graphene-derived carbon supports. It shows that the H adsorption on the N-rGO/CFP support can induce evolution of Pt nanocrystals. Moreover, the N-defective sites on the surface of N-rGO can lead to a slower growth of Pt nanocrystals than that on the surface of reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Pt/N-rGO/CFP (20 min) shows the highest specific activity in methanol oxidation, which is 1.5 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C. This research paves the way on the design and synthesis of HIF Pt nanocrystal using graphene-derived carbon materials as substrates in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Li
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Jirong Yang
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Yunnan Precious Metals Laboratory, Kunming, 650100, China
| | - Chaoyang Shi
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Enze Zhu
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Shubiao Yin
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Mingli Xu
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
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Plaza-Mayoral E, Sebastián-Pascual P, Dalby KN, Jensen KD, Chorkendorff I, Falsig H, Escudero-Escribano M. Preparation of high surface area Cu‐Au bimetallic nanostructured materials by co‐electrodeposition in a deep eutectic solvent. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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3
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High-index faceted Pt-Ru alloy concave nanocubes with enhancing ethanol and CO electro-oxidation. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Pt3Mn alloy nanostructure with high-index facets by Sn doping modified for highly catalytic active electro-oxidation reactions. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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5
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High-index faceted noble metal nanostructures drive renewable energy electrocatalysis. NANO MATERIALS SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoms.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Sebastián-Pascual P, Jordão Pereira I, Escudero-Escribano M. Tailored electrocatalysts by controlled electrochemical deposition and surface nanostructuring. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13261-13272. [PMID: 33104137 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06099b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Controlled electrodeposition and surface nanostructuring are very promising approaches to tailor the structure of the electrocatalyst surface, with the aim to enhance their efficiency for sustainable energy conversion reactions. In this highlight, we first summarise different strategies to modify the structure of the electrode surface at the atomic and sub-monolayer level for applications in electrocatalysis. We discuss aspects such as structure sensitivity and electronic and geometric effects in electrocatalysis. Nanostructured surfaces are finally introduced as more scalable electrocatalysts, where morphology, cluster size, shape and distribution play an essential role and can be finely tuned. Controlled electrochemical deposition and selective engineering of the surface structure are key to design more active, selective and stable electrocatalysts towards a decarbonised energy scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Sebastián-Pascual
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Inês Jordão Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - María Escudero-Escribano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Bai J, Liu D, Yang J, Chen Y. Nanocatalysts for Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Ethanol. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:2117-2132. [PMID: 30834720 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201803063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of ethanol as a fuel in direct alcohol fuel cells depends not only on its ease of production from renewable sources, but also on overcoming the challenges of storage and transportation. In an ethanol-based fuel cell, highly active electrocatalysts are required to break the C-C bond in ethanol for its complete oxidation at lower overpotentials, with the aim of increasing the cell performance, ethanol conversion rates, and fuel efficiency. In recent decades, the development of wet-chemistry methods has stimulated research into catalyst design, reactivity tailoring, and mechanistic investigations, and thus, created great opportunities to achieve efficient oxidation of ethanol. In this Minireview, the nanomaterials tested as electrocatalysts for the ethanol oxidation reaction in acid or alkaline environments are summarized. The focus is mainly on nanomaterials synthesized by using wet-chemistry methods, with particular attention on the relationship between the chemical and physical characteristics of the catalysts, for example, catalyst composition, morphology, structure, degree of alloying, presence of oxides or supports, and their activity for ethanol electro-oxidation. As potential alternatives to noble metals, non-noble-metal catalysts for ethanol oxidation are also briefly reviewed. Insights into further enhancing the catalytic performance through the design of efficient electrocatalysts are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of, Education), Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, PR China
| | - Danye Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering Address, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering Address, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of, Education), Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, PR China
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8
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García-Cruz L, Montiel V, Solla-Gullón J. Shape-controlled metal nanoparticles for electrocatalytic applications. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2017-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The application of shape-controlled metal nanoparticles is profoundly impacting the field of electrocatalysis. On the one hand, their use has remarkably enhanced the electrocatalytic activity of many different reactions of interest. On the other hand, their usage is deeply contributing to a correct understanding of the correlations between shape/surface structure and electrochemical reactivity at the nanoscale. However, from the point of view of an electrochemist, there are a number of questions that must be fully satisfied before the evaluation of the shaped metal nanoparticles as electrocatalysts including (i) surface cleaning, (ii) surface structure characterization, and (iii) correlations between particle shape and surface structure. In this chapter, we will cover all these aspects. Initially, we will collect and discuss about the different practical protocols and procedures for obtaining clean shaped metal nanoparticles. This is an indispensable requirement for the establishment of correct correlations between shape/surface structure and electrochemical reactivity. Next, we will also report how some easy-to-do electrochemical experiments including their subsequent analyses can enormously contribute to a detailed characterization of the surface structure of the shaped metal nanoparticles. At this point, we will remark that the key point determining the resulting electrocatalytic activity is the surface structure of the nanoparticles (obviously, the atomic composition is also extremely relevant) but not the particle shape. Finally, we will summarize some of the most significant advances/results on the use of these shaped metal nanoparticles in electrocatalysis covering a wide range of electrocatalytic reactions including fuel cell-related reactions (electrooxidation of formic acid, methanol and ethanol and oxygen reduction) and also CO2 electroreduction.
Graphical Abstract:
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Zhu F, Tu K, Huang L, Qu X, Zhang J, Liao H, Zhou Z, Jiang Y, Sun S. High selectivity PtRh/RGO catalysts for ethanol electro-oxidation at low potentials: Enhancing the efficiency of CO2 from alcoholic groups. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.08.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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10
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Abstract
Abstract
Recent progresses in proton exchange membrane fuel cell electrocatalysts are reviewed in this article in terms of cathodic and anodic reactions with a focus on rational design. These designs are based around gaining active sites using model surface studies and include high-index faceted Pt and Pt-alloy nanocrystals for anodic electrooxidation reactions as well as Pt-based alloy/core–shell structures and carbon-based non-precious metal catalysts for cathodic oxygen reduction reactions (ORR). High-index nanocrystals, alloy nanoparticles, and support effects are highlighted for anodic catalysts, and current developments in ORR electrocatalysts with novel structures and different compositions are emphasized for cathodic catalysts. Active site structures, catalytic performances, and stability in fuel cells are also reviewed for carbon-based non-precious metal catalysts. In addition, further developmental perspectives and the current status of advanced fuel cell electrocatalysts are provided.
Graphical Abstract
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11
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Huang K, Clausmeyer J, Luo L, Jarvis K, Crooks RM. Shape-controlled electrodeposition of single Pt nanocrystals onto carbon nanoelectrodes. Faraday Discuss 2018; 210:267-280. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fd00018b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we report the electrosynthesis and characterization of individual, shape-controlled Pt nanocrystals electrodeposited on carbon nanoelectrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
| | - Jan Clausmeyer
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
| | - Long Luo
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
| | - Karalee Jarvis
- Texas Materials Institute
- The University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
| | - Richard M. Crooks
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
- Texas Materials Institute
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12
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Jang Y, Choi KH, Chung DY, Lee JE, Jung N, Sung YE. Self-Assembled Dendritic Pt Nanostructure with High-Index Facets as Highly Active and Durable Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:3063-3068. [PMID: 28657204 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The durability issues of Pt catalyst should be resolved for the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Nanocrystal structures with high-index facets have been recently explored to solve the critical durability problem of fuel cell catalysts as Pt catalysts with high-index facets can preserve the ordered surfaces without change of the original structures. However, it is very difficult to develop effective and practical synthetic methods for Pt-based nanostructures with high-index facets. The current study describes a simple one-pot synthesis of self-assembled dendritic Pt nanostructures with electrochemically active and stable high-index facets. Pt nanodendrites exhibited 2 times higher ORR activity and superior durability (only 3.0 % activity loss after 10 000 potential cycles) than a commercial Pt/C. The enhanced catalytic performance was elucidated by the formation of well-organized dendritic structures with plenty of reactive interfaces among 5 nm-sized Pt particles and the coexistence of low- and high-index facets on the particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjin Jang
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Kwang-Hyun Choi
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Chung
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Thermoelectric Conversion Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Changwon, 51543, Republic of Korea
| | - Namgee Jung
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Eun Sung
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Sheng T, Xu YF, Jiang YX, Huang L, Tian N, Zhou ZY, Broadwell I, Sun SG. Structure Design and Performance Tuning of Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:2569-2577. [PMID: 27739662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The performance of nanomaterials in electrochemical energy conversion (fuel cells) and storage (secondary batteries) strongly depends on the nature of their surfaces. Designing the structure of electrode materials is the key approach to achieving better performance. Metal or metal oxide nanocrystals (NCs) with high-energy surfaces and open surface structures have attained significant attention in the past decade since such features possess intrinsically exceptional properties. However, they are thermodynamically metastable, resulting in a huge challenge in their shape-controlled synthesis. The tuning of material structure, design, and performance on the nanoscale for electrochemical energy conversion and storage has attracted extended attention over the past few years. In this Account, recent progress made in shape-controlled synthesis of nanomaterials with high-energy surfaces and open surface structures using both electrochemical methods and surfactant-based wet chemical route are reviewed. In fuel cells, the most important catalytic materials are Pt and Pd and their NCs with high-energy surfaces of convex or concave morphology. These exhibit remarkable activity toward electrooxidation of small organic molecules, such as formic acid, methanol, and ethanol and so on. In practical applications, the successful synthesis of Pt NCs with high-energy surfaces of small sizes (sub-10 nm) realized a superior high mass activity. The electrocatalytic performances have been further boosted by synergetic effects in bimetallic systems, either through surface decoration using foreign metal atoms or by alloying in which the high-index facet structure is preserved and the electronic structure of the NCs is altered. The intrinsic relationship of high electrocatalytic performance dependent on open structure and high-energy surface is also valid for (metal) oxide nanomaterials used in Li ion batteries (LIB). It is essential for the anode nanomaterials to have optimized structures to keep them more stable during the charge/discharge processes for reducing damaging volume expansion via intercalation and subsequent reduced battery lifetime. In the case of cathodes, tuning the surface structure of nanomaterials should be one of the most beneficial strategies to enhance the capacity and rate performance. In addition, metal oxides with unique defective structure of high catalytic activity and carbon materials of porous structure for facilitating fast Li+ diffusion paths and efficiently trapping polysulfide are most important approached and employed in Li-O2 battery and Li-S battery, respectively. In summary, significant progress has already been made in the electrocatalytic field, and likely emerging techniques based on NCs enclosed with high-energy surfaces and high-index facets could provide a promising platform to investigate the surface structure-catalytic functionality at nanoscale, thus shedding light on the rational design of practical catalysts with high activity, selectivity, and durability for energy conversion and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Sheng
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yue-Feng Xu
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yan-Xia Jiang
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ling Huang
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Na Tian
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhi-You Zhou
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ian Broadwell
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shi-Gang Sun
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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14
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Ye S, Benz F, Wheeler MC, Oram J, Baumberg JJ, Cespedes O, Christenson HK, Coletta PL, Jeuken LJC, Markham AF, Critchley K, Evans SD. One-step fabrication of hollow-channel gold nanoflowers with excellent catalytic performance and large single-particle SERS activity. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:14932-14942. [PMID: 27352044 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr04045d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hollow metallic nanostructures have shown potential in various applications including catalysis, drug delivery and phototherapy, owing to their large surface areas, reduced net density, and unique optical properties. In this study, novel hollow gold nanoflowers (HAuNFs) consisting of an open hollow channel in the center and multiple branches/tips on the outer surface are fabricated for the first time, via a facile one-step synthesis using an auto-degradable nanofiber as a bifunctional template. The one-dimensional (1D) nanofiber acts as both a threading template as well as a promoter of the anisotropic growth of the gold crystal, the combination of which leads to the formation of HAuNFs with a hollow channel and nanospikes. The synergy of favorable structural/surface features, including sharp edges, open cavity and high-index facets, provides our HAuNFs with excellent catalytic performance (activity and cycling stability) coupled with large single-particle SERS activity (including ∼30 times of activity in ethanol electro-oxidation and ∼40 times of single-particle SERS intensity, benchmarked against similar-sized solid gold nanospheres with smooth surfaces, as well as retaining 86.7% of the initial catalytic activity after 500 cycles in ethanol electro-oxidation). This innovative synthesis gives a nanostructure of the geometry distinct from the template and is extendable to fabricating other systems for example, hollow-channel silver nanoflowers (HAgNFs). It thus provides an insight into the design of hollow nanostructures via template methods, and offers a versatile synthetic strategy for diverse metal nanomaterials suited for a broad range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunjie Ye
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK. and Leeds Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Felix Benz
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - May C Wheeler
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Joseph Oram
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Jeremy J Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Oscar Cespedes
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Hugo K Christenson
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Patricia Louise Coletta
- Leeds Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Lars J C Jeuken
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Alexander F Markham
- Leeds Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Kevin Critchley
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Stephen D Evans
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
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15
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Hong JW, Kim Y, Kwon Y, Han SW. Noble-Metal Nanocrystals with Controlled Facets for Electrocatalysis. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:2224-39. [PMID: 27258679 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201600462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Noble-metal nanocrystals (NCs) show excellent catalytic performance for many important electrocatalysis reactions. The crystallographic properties of the facets by which the NCs are bound, closely associated with the shape of the NCs, have a profound influence on the electrocatalytic function of the NCs. To develop an efficient strategy for the synthesis of NCs with controlled facets as well as compositions, understanding of the growth mechanism of the NCs and their interaction with the chemical species involved in NC synthesis is quite important. Furthermore, understanding the facet-dependent catalytic properties of noble-metal NCs and the corresponding mechanisms for various electrocatalysis reactions will allow for the rational design of robust electrocatalysts. In this review, we summarize recently developed synthesis strategies for the preparation of mono- and bimetallic noble-metal NCs by classifying them by the type of facets through which they are enclosed and discuss the electrocatalytic applications of noble-metal NCs with controlled facets, especially for reactions associated with fuel-cell applications, such as the oxygen reduction reaction and fuel (methanol, ethanol, and formic acid) oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Wook Hong
- Center for Nanotectonics, Department of Chemistry and KI for the NanoCentury, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.,Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Korea
| | - Yena Kim
- Center for Nanotectonics, Department of Chemistry and KI for the NanoCentury, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Yongmin Kwon
- Center for Nanotectonics, Department of Chemistry and KI for the NanoCentury, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Sang Woo Han
- Center for Nanotectonics, Department of Chemistry and KI for the NanoCentury, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
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Lu BA, Du JH, Sheng T, Tian N, Xiao J, Liu L, Xu BB, Zhou ZY, Sun SG. Hydrogen adsorption-mediated synthesis of concave Pt nanocubes and their enhanced electrocatalytic activity. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:11559-64. [PMID: 27211517 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr02349e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Concave nanocubes are enclosed by high-index facets and have negative curvature; they are expected to have enhanced reactivity, as compared to nanocubes with flat surfaces. Herein, we propose and demonstrate a new strategy for the synthesis of concave Pt nanocubes with {hk0} high-index facets, by using a hydrogen adsorption-mediated electrochemical square-wave potential method. It was found that Pt atoms prefer to deposit on edge sites rather than terrace sites on Pt surfaces with intensive hydrogen adsorption, resulting in the formation of concave structures. The as-prepared concave Pt nanocubes exhibit enhanced catalytic activity and stability towards oxidation of ethanol and formic acid in acidic solutions, compared to commercial Pt/C catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-An Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Jia-Huan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Tian Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Na Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Jing Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Bin-Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Zhi-You Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Shi-Gang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Solla-Gullón J, Feliu JM. Recent Advances in the Use of Shape-Controlled Metal Nanoparticles in Electrocatalysis. NANOSTRUCTURE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-29930-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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Kaur J, Kant R. Curvature-Induced Anomalous Enhancement in the Work Function of Nanostructures. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:2870-2874. [PMID: 26267172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An analytical theory to estimate the electronic work function in curved geometries is formulated under Thomas-Fermi approximation. The work function is framed as the work against the electrostatic self-capacitive energy. The contribution of surface curvature is characterized by mean and Gaussian curvature (through multiple scattering expansion). The variation in work function of metal and semimetal nanostructures is shown as the consequence of surface radius of curvature comparable to electronic screening length. For ellipsoidal particles, the maximum value of work function is observed at the equator and poles for oblate and prolate particles, respectively, whereas triaxial ellipsoid shows nonuniform distribution of the work function over the surface. Similarly, theory predicts manifold increase in the work function for a particle with atomic scale roughness. Finally, the theory is validated with experimental data, and it is concluded that the work function of a nanoparticle can be tailored through its shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Kaur
- Complex Systems Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, University Road, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - Rama Kant
- Complex Systems Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, University Road, New Delhi 110007, India
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Zhang H, Lu Y, Liu H, Fang J. One-pot synthesis of high-index faceted AgCl nanocrystals with trapezohedral, concave hexoctahedral structures and their photocatalytic activity. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:11591-11601. [PMID: 26088365 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02049b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AgCl semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) with trapezohedral (TPH) and concave hexoctahedral (HOH) structures have been successfully synthesized for the first time in high yield by a direct one-pot solvothermal method. The as-prepared TPH, concave HOH AgCl NCs with unconventional polyhedral shapes and smooth surfaces were enclosed by 24 high-index {311} facets and 48 high-index {15 5 2} facets, respectively. A specific ionic liquid poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA) acted as both a Cl(-) ion precursor and a morphology-controlled stabilizer, which was indispensable for the formation of these high-index faceted AgCl polyhedra and the derived uniform octahedral AgCl in an appropriate concentration of hot AgNO3 and ethylene glycol (EG) solution. With high-index facets exposed, both TPH and concave HOH AgCl NCs exhibit much higher photocatalytic activity than octahedral AgCl NCs that have mainly {111} faces exposed, with lower surface areas and surface energies, for the degradation of organics under sunlight. It is expected that the use of polyhedral AgCl NCs with high-index facets is an effective approach for the design of alternative semiconductor photocatalysts with a high performance, which may find potential applications such as in photochromics and environmental management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Zhang
- Lightweight Optics and Advanced Materials Center, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610209, People's Republic of China.
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Su DS, Zhang B, Schlögl R. Electron microscopy of solid catalysts--transforming from a challenge to a toolbox. Chem Rev 2015; 115:2818-82. [PMID: 25826447 DOI: 10.1021/cr500084c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dang Sheng Su
- †Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.,‡Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bingsen Zhang
- †Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Robert Schlögl
- ‡Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Liu HX, Tian N, Ye JY, Lu BA, Ren J, Huangfu ZC, Zhou ZY, Sun SG. A comparative study of CO adsorption on tetrahexahedral Pt nanocrystals and interrelated Pt single crystal electrodes by using cyclic voltammetry and in situ FTIR spectroscopy. Faraday Discuss 2015; 176:409-28. [PMID: 25654491 DOI: 10.1039/c4fd00136b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study focuses on CO adsorption at tetrahexahedral Pt nanocrystals (THH Pt NCs) by using cyclic voltammetry and in situ FTIR spectroscopy. Since the electrochemically prepared THH Pt NCs in this study are enclosed by {730} facets which could be considered by a subfacet configuration of 2{210} + {310}, we have also studied CO adsorption on the interrelated Pt(310) and Pt(210) single crystal electrodes as a comparison. Cyclic voltammetry results demonstrated that CO adsorbs dominantly on the (100) sites of THH Pt NCs at low CO coverage (θ(CO)≤ 0.135), while on both (100) and (110) sites at higher CO coverage. On ordered Pt(310) and Pt(210), i.e. they were flame annealed and then cooled in H(2) + Ar, CO adsorption also illustrates relative priority on (100) sites at low CO coverage; while at high CO coverage or on oxygen-disordered Pt(310) and Pt(210) when they were cooled in air after flame annealing, the adsorption of CO presents a weak preference on (100) sites of Pt(310) and even no preference at all on (100) sites of Pt(210). In situ FTIR spectroscopic studies illustrated that CO adsorption on THH Pt NCs yields anomalous infrared effects (AIREs), which are depicted by the Fano-like IR feature on a dense distribution (60 μm(-2)) and the enhancement of abnormal IR absorption on a sparse distribution (22 μm(-2)) of THH Pt NCs on glassy carbon substrate. Systematic investigation of CO coverage dependence of IR features revealed that, on THH Pt NCs, the IR band center (ν(COL)) of linearly bonded CO (COL) is rapidly shifted to higher wavenumbers along with the increase of CO coverage to 0.184, yielding a fast linear increase rate with a high slope (dν(COL)/dθ(IR)(CO) = 219 cm(-1)); when θ > 0.184, the increase of ν(COL) with θCO slows down and deviates drastically from linearity. In contrast, the ν(COL) on the ordered Pt(310) electrode maintains a linear increase with θ(IR)(CO) for the whole range of θ(IR)(CO) variation, and gives a much smaller increase rate of slope 74.3 cm(-1). The significant differences in CO adsorption behavior on THH Pt NCs and on interrelated Pt single crystal planes demonstrated clearly the unique properties of nanoparticles enclosed by high-index facets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xia Liu
- State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, XiamenUniversity, Xiamen, 361005, China.
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Dai Y, Wang Y, Liu B, Yang Y. Metallic nanocatalysis: an accelerating seamless integration with nanotechnology. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:268-289. [PMID: 25363149 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201400847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Rapidly growing research interests surround heterogeneous nanocatalysis, in which metal nanoparticles (NPs) play a pivotal role as structure-sensitive active centers. With advances in nanotechnology, the morphology of metal NPs can be precisely controlled, which can provide well-defined models of nanocatalysts for understanding and optimizing the structure-reactivity correlations and the catalytic mechanisms. Benefiting from this, further credible evidence can be acquired on well-defined nanocatalysts rather than common multiphase systems, which is of great significance for the design and practical application of active metal nanocatalysts. Numerous studies demonstrate that enhanced structure-sensitive catalytic activity and selectivity are dependent not only on an increased surface-to-volume ratio and special surface atom arrangements, but also on tailored metal-metal and metal-organic-ligand interfaces, which is ascribed to the size, shape, composition, and ligand effects. Size-reactivity relationships and underlying size-dependent metal-oxide interactions are observed in many reactions. For bimetallic nanocatalysts, the composition and nanostructure play critical roles in regulating reactivities. Crystal facets favor individual catalytic selectivity and rates via distinct reaction pathways occurring on diverse atomic arrangements, both to low-index and high-index facets. High-index facets exhibit superior reactivities owing to their high-energy active sites, which facilitate rapid bond-breaking and new bond generation. Additionally, organic ligands may enhance the catalytic activity and selectivity of metal nanocatalysts via changing the adsorption energies of reactants and/or reaction energy barriers. Furthermore, atomically dispersed metals, especially single-atom metallic catalysts, have emerged recently, which can achieve better specific catalytic activity compared to conventional nanostructured metallic catalysts due to the low-coordination environment, stronger interaction with supports, and maximum service efficiency. Here, recent progress in shaped metallic nanocatalysts is examined and several parameters are discussed, as well as finally highlighting single-atom metallic catalysts and some perspectives on nanocatalysis. The integration of nanotechnology and nanocatalysis has been shaping up and, no doubt, the combination of sensitive characterization techniques and quantum calculations will play more important roles in such processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihu Dai
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
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Yu Y, Zhang Q, Yao Q, Zhan Y, Lu M, Yang L, Xu C, Xie J, Lee JY. Learning from nature: introducing an epiphyte-host relationship in the synthesis of alloy nanoparticles by co-reduction methods. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:9765-8. [PMID: 25025323 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc04132a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This communication reports an epiphytic co-reduction method which can overcome the common tendency of sequential deposition in the synthesis of alloy nanoparticles. In this method the reduction of one of the metals (the epiphyte-metal) is only turned-on and rendered more facile by the in situ generated fresh surfaces of the other metal (the host-metal).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260, Singapore.
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Kleijn SEF, Lai SCS, Koper MTM, Unwin PR. Electrochemistry of Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:3558-86. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Li Y, Quan F, Chen L, Zhang W, Yu H, Chen C. Synthesis of Fe-doped octahedral Pt3Ni nanocrystals with high electro-catalytic activity and stability towards oxygen reduction reaction. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46299d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Zhang L, Niu W, Zhao J, Zhu S, Yuan Y, Yuan T, Hu L, Xu G. Pd@Au core–shell nanocrystals with concave cubic shapes: kinetically controlled synthesis and electrocatalytic properties. Faraday Discuss 2013; 164:175-88. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fd00016h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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