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Nguyen DD, Lee S, Kim I. Recent Advances in Metaphotonic Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:631. [PMID: 37366996 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Metaphotonic devices, which enable light manipulation at a subwavelength scale and enhance light-matter interactions, have been emerging as a critical pillar in biosensing. Researchers have been attracted to metaphotonic biosensors, as they solve the limitations of the existing bioanalytical techniques, including the sensitivity, selectivity, and detection limit. Here, we briefly introduce types of metasurfaces utilized in various metaphotonic biomolecular sensing domains such as refractometry, surface-enhanced fluorescence, vibrational spectroscopy, and chiral sensing. Further, we list the prevalent working mechanisms of those metaphotonic bio-detection schemes. Furthermore, we summarize the recent progress in chip integration for metaphotonic biosensing to enable innovative point-of-care devices in healthcare. Finally, we discuss the impediments in metaphotonic biosensing, such as its cost effectiveness and treatment for intricate biospecimens, and present a prospect for potential directions for materializing these device strategies, significantly influencing clinical diagnostics in health and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dang Du Nguyen
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seho Lee
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Inki Kim
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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2
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Jia P, Wang X, Cai X, Guo Q, Zhang D, Sun Y, Yang J. Freestanding Metal Nanomembranes and Nanowires by Template Transfer with a Soluble Adhesive. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3988. [PMID: 36432274 PMCID: PMC9694887 DOI: 10.3390/nano12223988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of nanostructures usually involves chemical processes that have in certain steps. Especially, it is necessary to use the chemical etching method to release the as-patterned structures from the substrate in most of the transfer techniques. Here, a novel scheme of template transfer as developed for the fabrication of freestanding Au nanomembranes and nanowires by using a soluble PVP adhesive. The nanomembranes feature the periodic nanohole arrays with high uniformity. Without the substrates, these plasmonic nanohole arrays show symmetric and antisymmetric resonance modes with bright and dark spectral features, respectively, in transmission. Through the spectral analysis for reflection, we have disclosed that the usual dark mode in transmission is not really dark, but it reveals a distinct feature in reflection. Two coupling modes present distinct spectral features in transmission and reflection due to their different loss channels. To show their versatility, the freestanding nanomembranes were also employed as secondary templates to form Si nanowire arrays by the metal-assisted chemical etching method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Jia
- Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Xinzhong Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Xiaobing Cai
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Qiuquan Guo
- Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Dongxing Zhang
- Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518110, China
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3
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Altug H, Oh SH, Maier SA, Homola J. Advances and applications of nanophotonic biosensors. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 17:5-16. [PMID: 35046571 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-01045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanophotonic devices, which control light in subwavelength volumes and enhance light-matter interactions, have opened up exciting prospects for biosensing. Numerous nanophotonic biosensors have emerged to address the limitations of the current bioanalytical methods in terms of sensitivity, throughput, ease-of-use and miniaturization. In this Review, we provide an overview of the recent developments of label-free nanophotonic biosensors using evanescent-field-based sensing with plasmon resonances in metals and Mie resonances in dielectrics. We highlight the prospects of achieving an improved sensor performance and added functionalities by leveraging nanostructures and on-chip and optoelectronic integration, as well as microfluidics, biochemistry and data science toolkits. We also discuss open challenges in nanophotonic biosensing, such as reducing the overall cost and handling of complex biological samples, and provide an outlook for future opportunities to improve these technologies and thereby increase their impact in terms of improving health and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Altug
- Laboratory of Bionanophotonic Systems, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Sang-Hyun Oh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Stefan A Maier
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitut Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Jiří Homola
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Cetin AE, Kocer ZA, Topkaya SN, Yazici ZA. Handheld plasmonic biosensor for virus detection in field-settings. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2021; 344:130301. [PMID: 34149185 PMCID: PMC8206576 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2021.130301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
After World Health Organization (WHO) announced COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic, we all again realized the importance of developing rapid diagnostic kits. In this article, we introduced a lightweight and field-portable biosensor employing a plasmonic chip based on nanohole arrays integrated to a lensfree-imaging framework for label-free detection of viruses in field-settings. The platform utilizes a CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) camera with high quantum efficiency in the spectral window of interest to monitor diffraction field patterns of nanohole arrays under the uniform illumination of an LED (light-emitting diode) source which is spectrally tuned to the plasmonic mode supported by the nanohole arrays. As an example for the applicability of our biosensor for virus detection, we could successfully demonstrate the label-free detection of H1N1 viruses, e.g., swine flu, with medically relevant concentrations. We also developed a low-cost and easy-to-use sample preparation kit to prepare the surface of the plasmonic chip for analyte binding, e.g., virus-antibody binding. In order to reveal a complete biosensor technology, we also developed a user friendly Python™ - based graphical user interface (GUI) that allows direct access to biosensor hardware, taking and processing diffraction field images, and provides virus information to the end-user. Employing highly sensitive nanohole arrays and lensfree-imaging framework, our platform could yield an LOD as low as 103 TCID50/mL. Providing accurate and rapid sensing information in a handheld platform, weighing only 70 g and 12 cm tall, without the need for bulky and expensive instrumentation, our biosensor could be a very strong candidate for diagnostic applications in resource-poor settings. As our detection scheme is based on the use of antibodies, it could quickly adapt to the detection of different viral diseases, e.g., COVID-19 or influenza, by simply coating the plasmonic chip surface with an antibody possessing affinity to the virus type of interest. Possessing this ability, our biosensor could be swiftly deployed to the field in need for rapid diagnosis, which may be an important asset to prevent the spread of diseases before turning into a pandemic by isolating patients from the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif E Cetin
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Balcova, Izmir, 35340, Turkey
| | - Zeynep A Kocer
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Balcova, Izmir, 35340, Turkey
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Balcova, Izmir, 35340, Turkey
| | - Seda Nur Topkaya
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Cigli, Izmir, 35620, Turkey
| | - Ziya Ata Yazici
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Cankaya, Ankara, 06560, Turkey
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Khan MA, Zhu Y, Yao Y, Zhang P, Agrawal A, Reece PJ. Impact of metal crystallinity-related morphologies on the sensing performance of plasmonic nanohole arrays. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:7577-7585. [PMID: 32073105 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00619j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanohole arrays for biosensing applications have attracted tremendous attention because of their flexibility in optical signature design, high multiplexing capabilities, simple optical alignment setup, and high sensitivity. The quality of the metal film, including metal crystallinity and surface roughness, plays an important role in determining the sensing performance because the interaction between free electrons in the metal and incident light is strongly influenced by the metal surface morphology. We systematically investigated the influence of metal crystallinity-related morphologies on the sensing performance of plasmonic nanohole arrays after different metal deposition processes. We utilised several non-destructive nanoscale surface characterisation techniques to perform a quantitative and comparative analysis of the Au quality of the fabricated sensor. We found empirically how the surface roughness and grain sizes influence the permittivity of the Au film and thus the sensitivity of the fabricated sensor. Finally we confirmed that the deposition conditions that provide both low surface roughness and large metal grain sizes improve the sensitivity of the plasmonic sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Ali Khan
- St George and Sutherland Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Lee J, You EA, Hwang DW, Kang S, Wi JS. Active Accumulation of Spherical Analytes on Plasmonic Hot Spots of Double-Bent Au Strip Arrays by Multiple Dip-Coating. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9050660. [PMID: 31027370 PMCID: PMC6567194 DOI: 10.3390/nano9050660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To achieve sensitive plasmonic biosensors, it is essential to develop an efficient method for concentrating analytes in hot spots, as well as to develop plasmonic nanostructures for concentrating light. In this study, target analytes were delivered to the surface of double-bent Au strip arrays by a multiple dip-coating method; they were self-aligned in the valleys between neighboring Au strips by capillary forces. As the valleys not only accommodate target analytes but also host strong electromagnetic fields due to the interaction between adjacent strips, sensitive measurement of target analytes was possible by monitoring changes in the wavelength of a localized surface plasmon resonance. Using the proposed plasmonic sensor and target delivery method, the adsorption and saturation of polystyrene beads 100 nm in size on the sensor surface were monitored by the shift of the resonance wavelength. In addition, the pH-dependent stability of exosomes accumulated on the sensor surface was successfully monitored by changing the pH from 7.4 to 4.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhyung Lee
- Center for Nano-Bio Measurement, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea.
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Eun-Ah You
- Center for Nano-Bio Measurement, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea.
| | - Do Won Hwang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea.
| | - Shinill Kang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Jung-Sub Wi
- Center for Nano-Bio Measurement, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Korea.
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Prasad A, Choi J, Jia Z, Park S, Gartia MR. Nanohole array plasmonic biosensors: Emerging point-of-care applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 130:185-203. [PMID: 30738247 PMCID: PMC6475599 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care (POC) applications have expanded hugely in recent years and is likely to continue, with an aim to deliver cheap, portable, and reliable devices to meet the demands of healthcare industry. POC devices are designed, prototyped, and assembled using numerous strategies but the key essential features that biosensing devices require are: (1) sensitivity, (2) selectivity, (3) specificity, (4) repeatability, and (5) good limit of detection. Overall the fabrication and commercialization of the nanohole array (NHA) setup to the outside world still remains a challenge. Here, we review the various methods of NHA fabrication, the design criteria, the geometrical features, the effects of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) on sensing as well as current state-of-the-art of existing NHA sensors. This review also provides easy-to-understand examples of NHA-based POC biosensing applications, its current status, challenges, and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Prasad
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Junseo Choi
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; NIH Center for BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Zheng Jia
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; NIH Center for BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Sunggook Park
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; NIH Center for BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
| | - Manas Ranjan Gartia
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
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8
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Jackman JA, Rahim Ferhan A, Cho NJ. Nanoplasmonic sensors for biointerfacial science. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:3615-3660. [PMID: 28383083 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00494f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, nanoplasmonic sensors have become widely used for the label-free detection of biomolecules across medical, biotechnology, and environmental science applications. To date, many nanoplasmonic sensing strategies have been developed with outstanding measurement capabilities, enabling detection down to the single-molecule level. One of the most promising directions has been surface-based nanoplasmonic sensors, and the potential of such technologies is still emerging. Going beyond detection, surface-based nanoplasmonic sensors open the door to enhanced, quantitative measurement capabilities across the biointerfacial sciences by taking advantage of high surface sensitivity that pairs well with the size of medically important biomacromolecules and biological particulates such as viruses and exosomes. The goal of this review is to introduce the latest advances in nanoplasmonic sensors for the biointerfacial sciences, including ongoing development of nanoparticle and nanohole arrays for exploring different classes of biomacromolecules interacting at solid-liquid interfaces. The measurement principles for nanoplasmonic sensors based on utilizing the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) phenomena are first introduced. The following sections are then categorized around different themes within the biointerfacial sciences, specifically protein binding and conformational changes, lipid membrane fabrication, membrane-protein interactions, exosome and virus detection and analysis, and probing nucleic acid conformations and binding interactions. Across these themes, we discuss the growing trend to utilize nanoplasmonic sensors for advanced measurement capabilities, including positional sensing, biomacromolecular conformation analysis, and real-time kinetic monitoring of complex biological interactions. Altogether, these advances highlight the rich potential of nanoplasmonic sensors and the future growth prospects of the community as a whole. With ongoing development of commercial nanoplasmonic sensors and analytical models to interpret corresponding measurement data in the context of biologically relevant interactions, there is significant opportunity to utilize nanoplasmonic sensing strategies for not only fundamental biointerfacial science, but also translational science applications related to clinical medicine and pharmaceutical drug development among countless possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Jackman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
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Ozcelik D, Cai H, Leake KD, Hawkins AR, Schmidt H. Optofluidic bioanalysis: fundamentals and applications. NANOPHOTONICS 2017; 6:647-661. [PMID: 29201591 PMCID: PMC5708574 DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2016-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, optofluidics has established itself as a new and dynamic research field for exciting developments at the interface of photonics, microfluidics, and the life sciences. The strong desire for developing miniaturized bioanalytic devices and instruments, in particular, has led to novel and powerful approaches to integrating optical elements and biological fluids on the same chip-scale system. Here, we review the state-of-the-art in optofluidic research with emphasis on applications in bioanalysis and a focus on waveguide-based approaches that represent the most advanced level of integration between optics and fluidics. We discuss recent work in photonically reconfigurable devices and various application areas. We show how optofluidic approaches have been pushing the performance limits in bioanalysis, e.g. in terms of sensitivity and portability, satisfying many of the key requirements for point-of-care devices. This illustrates how the requirements for bianalysis instruments are increasingly being met by the symbiotic integration of novel photonic capabilities in a miniaturized system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damla Ozcelik
- School of Engineering, University of California-Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Hong Cai
- School of Engineering, University of California-Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Kaelyn D. Leake
- School of Engineering, University of California-Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Aaron R. Hawkins
- ECEn Department, 459 Clyde Building, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Holger Schmidt
- Corresponding author: Holger Schmidt, School of Engineering, University of California-Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA,
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10
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Bates KE, Lu H. Optics-Integrated Microfluidic Platforms for Biomolecular Analyses. Biophys J 2017; 110:1684-1697. [PMID: 27119629 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Compared with conventional optical methods, optics implemented on microfluidic chips provide small, and often much cheaper ways to interrogate biological systems from the level of single molecules up to small model organisms. The optical probing of single molecules has been used to investigate the mechanical properties of individual biological molecules; however, multiplexing of these measurements through microfluidics and nanofluidics confers many analytical advantages. Optics-integrated microfluidic systems can significantly simplify sample processing and allow a more user-friendly experience; alignments of on-chip optical components are predetermined during fabrication and many purely optical techniques are passively controlled. Furthermore, sample loss from complicated preparation and fluid transfer steps can be virtually eliminated, a particularly important attribute for biological molecules at very low concentrations. Excellent fluid handling and high surface area/volume ratios also contribute to faster detection times for low abundance molecules in small sample volumes. Although integration of optical systems with classical microfluidic analysis techniques has been limited, microfluidics offers a ready platform for interrogation of biophysical properties. By exploiting the ease with which fluids and particles can be precisely and dynamically controlled in microfluidic devices, optical sensors capable of unique imaging modes, single molecule manipulation, and detection of minute changes in concentration of an analyte are possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E Bates
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia; School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hang Lu
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia; School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.
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Baker JE, Sriram R, Miller BL. Recognition-mediated particle detection under microfluidic flow with waveguide-coupled 2D photonic crystals: towards integrated photonic virus detectors. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:1570-1577. [PMID: 28357424 PMCID: PMC5482269 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00221a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Label-free biodetection schemes compatible with standard CMOS fabrication methods constitute an important goal, as these are enabling tools for the mass production of high-sensitivity biosensors. Two-dimensional slab photonic crystal (2D slab-PhC) sensors have been posited as ultrahigh-sensitivity detection components, but to date recognition-mediated detection of viruses or simulants under flow has not been demonstrated. We report the design and optimization of a new W1 waveguide-coupled 2D slab-PhC sensor, with a geometry well suited to virus detection. Proof of concept experiments with fluorescent latex particles verified that the sensor could respond to infiltration of a single particle, both in air and under an aqueous cover layer. Subsequent experiments with antibody-functionalized sensors and virus simulants confirmed the ability of the device to detect virus-sized particles under flow via a recognition-mediated process. This work sets the stage for incorporation of 2D slab-PhC sensors into fully integrated photonic sensor systems.
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12
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Kim J, Vu B, Kourentzi K, Willson RC, Conrad JC. Increasing Binding Efficiency via Reporter Shape and Flux in a Viral Nanoparticle Lateral-Flow Assay. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:6878-6884. [PMID: 28150489 PMCID: PMC5334146 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b15728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To identify factors controlling the performance of reporter particles in a sensitive lateral-flow assay (LFA), we investigated the effect of the flux and shape of filamentous bacteriophage (phage) on the performance of phage LFAs. Phage of three different lengths and diameters were modified with biotin and AlexaFluor 555 as binding and read-out elements, respectively. The binding efficiencies of the functionalized phage were tested in a fibrous glass LFA membrane modified with avidin. The total binding rate, quantified using real-time particle counting and particle image velocimetry, decreased monotonically with the average bulk flux of phage through the membrane. At the pore scale, more phage bound in regions with faster local flow, confirming that both average and local flux increased binding. The number of bound phage increased with the aspect ratio of the phage and scaled with the phage surface area, consistent with a binding interaction controlled by the number of recognition elements on the surface. Together, these results indicate that increasing the likelihood that recognition elements on the surface of phage encounter the fibers enhances the assay binding efficiency and suggests one origin for the improved performance of nonspherical phage reporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsu Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Binh Vu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Katerina Kourentzi
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Richard C. Willson
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
- Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Tecnologíco de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Jacinta C. Conrad
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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13
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Zhao Y, Gaur G, Mernaugh RL, Laibinis PE, Weiss SM. Comparative Kinetic Analysis of Closed-Ended and Open-Ended Porous Sensors. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:395. [PMID: 27620193 PMCID: PMC5020011 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Efficient mass transport through porous networks is essential for achieving rapid response times in sensing applications utilizing porous materials. In this work, we show that open-ended porous membranes can overcome diffusion challenges experienced by closed-ended porous materials in a microfluidic environment. A theoretical model including both transport and reaction kinetics is employed to study the influence of flow velocity, bulk analyte concentration, analyte diffusivity, and adsorption rate on the performance of open-ended and closed-ended porous sensors integrated with flow cells. The analysis shows that open-ended pores enable analyte flow through the pores and greatly reduce the response time and analyte consumption for detecting large molecules with slow diffusivities compared with closed-ended pores for which analytes largely flow over the pores. Experimental confirmation of the results was carried out with open- and closed-ended porous silicon (PSi) microcavities fabricated in flow-through and flow-over sensor configurations, respectively. The adsorption behavior of small analytes onto the inner surfaces of closed-ended and open-ended PSi membrane microcavities was similar. However, for large analytes, PSi membranes in a flow-through scheme showed significant improvement in response times due to more efficient convective transport of analytes. The experimental results and theoretical analysis provide quantitative estimates of the benefits offered by open-ended porous membranes for different analyte systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiliang Zhao
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
| | - Girija Gaur
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
| | - Raymond L. Mernaugh
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | - Paul E. Laibinis
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
| | - Sharon M. Weiss
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235 USA
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14
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Zhao Y, Gaur G, Retterer ST, Laibinis PE, Weiss SM. Flow-Through Porous Silicon Membranes for Real-Time Label-Free Biosensing. Anal Chem 2016; 88:10940-10948. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiliang Zhao
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials
Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Girija Gaur
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Scott T. Retterer
- Center for
Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Paul E. Laibinis
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials
Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Sharon M. Weiss
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials
Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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Jackman JA, Linardy E, Yoo D, Seo J, Ng WB, Klemme DJ, Wittenberg NJ, Oh SH, Cho NJ. Plasmonic Nanohole Sensor for Capturing Single Virus-Like Particles toward Virucidal Drug Evaluation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:1159-66. [PMID: 26450658 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201501914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A plasmonic nanohole sensor for virus-like particle capture and virucidal drug evaluation is reported. Using a materials-selective surface functionalization scheme, passive immobilization of virus-like particles only within the nanoholes is achieved. The findings demonstrate that a low surface coverage of particles only inside the functionalized nanoholes significantly improves nanoplasmonic sensing performance over conventional nanohole arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Jackman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Eric Linardy
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Daehan Yoo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, 200 Union Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Jeongeun Seo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Wei Beng Ng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Daniel J Klemme
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, 200 Union Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Nathan J Wittenberg
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, 200 Union Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Sang-Hyun Oh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, 200 Union Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore
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Abstract
A review of sensing applications based on plasmonic nanopores is given. Many new types of plasmonic nanopores have recently been fabricated, including pores penetrating multilayers of thin films, using a great variety of fabrication techniques based on either serial nanolithography or self-assembly. One unique advantage with nanopores compared to other plasmonic sensors is that sample liquids can flow through the surface, which increases the rate of binding and improves the detection limit under certain conditions. Also, by utilizing the continuous metal films, electrical control can be implemented for electrochemistry, dielectrophoresis and resistive heating. Much effort is still spent on trying to improve sensor performance in various ways, but the literature uses inconsistent benchmark parameters. Recently plasmonic nanopores have been used to analyse targets of high clinical or academic interest. Although this is an important step forward, one should probably reflect upon whether the same results could have been achieved with another optical technique. Overall, this critical review suggests that the research field would benefit by focusing on applications where plasmonic nanopores truly can offer unique advantages over similar techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas B Dahlin
- Chalmers University of Technology, Dept. of Applied Physics, Fysikgränd 3, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden.
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17
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Abstract
Polymeric microring resonator platform employing a flow-through approach is realized. A reduction of more than one order of magnitude of the sensor response time respect to standard flow-over approach is obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. A. Grimaldi
- Institute for Electromagnetic Monitoring of the Environment (IREA)
- National Research Council (CNR)
- Naples
- Italy
| | - G. Testa
- Institute for Electromagnetic Monitoring of the Environment (IREA)
- National Research Council (CNR)
- Naples
- Italy
| | - R. Bernini
- Institute for Electromagnetic Monitoring of the Environment (IREA)
- National Research Council (CNR)
- Naples
- Italy
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