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Vishwakarma AK, Sharma AK, Yadava L. Study of the response behavior of a CdS-SnO 2 thick film for high selectivity towards propanol gas. RSC Adv 2024; 14:16459-16465. [PMID: 38774622 PMCID: PMC11106603 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01888e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Gas monitoring devices are in demand for a rapidly growing range of applications. Metal oxide-based gas sensors have been extensively used for the detection of toxic pollutant gases, combustible gases, and hydrocarbon vapors. The sensitivity for a low concentration and observed response and the recovery times of the reported gas sensors are not satisfactory, and it needs further detailed studies. In the present work, undoped SnO2 and cadmium sulfide (CdS)-doped SnO2 thick films were fabricated using the screen-printing method to study their sensing behavior towards tested organic vapors such as acetone, propanol, and ethanol. The sensing properties of fabricated sensors were investigated for the test gases, i.e. acetone, propanol, and ethanol, at an elevated temperature of 473 K. It was observed that the 2 wt% CdS-doped SnO2 sensor showed a maximum response (78%) and was highly selective (44.6%) to propanol over acetone and ethanol. The results showed that the diminution of the SnO2 crystallite size with the CdS content leads to an improvement in the response of the SnO2 sensor for the tested gases. The microstructural properties are also correlated to the sensing behavior. The measurement showed that the CdS-SnO2 thick film sensor is highly sensitive. At the same time, it is more selective to propanol than the other test gases, ethanol and acetone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Kumar Vishwakarma
- Thin Film Laboratory, Department of Physics, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University Gorakhpur U. P. India +91 9450253084 +91 7309094050
| | - Ajaya Kumar Sharma
- Thin Film Laboratory, Department of Physics, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University Gorakhpur U. P. India +91 9450253084 +91 7309094050
| | - Lallan Yadava
- Thin Film Laboratory, Department of Physics, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University Gorakhpur U. P. India +91 9450253084 +91 7309094050
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2
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Liu H, Li S, Wang L, Yang S, Zhang Y. Synthesis and characterization of ZrO 2-ZnO heterojunction composite for isopropanol detection. RSC Adv 2024; 14:2983-2992. [PMID: 38239449 PMCID: PMC10794953 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06701g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
We prepared ZrO2-ZnO heterojunction composites by a simple hydrothermal method as materials sensitive to isopropanol gas. The 5% ZrO2-ZnO sample presented a uniform rod-like structure. The optimum operating temperature, sensitivity and response/recovery times were measured to investigate the response of ZrO2-ZnO composites to isopropanol. The sensor based on 5% ZrO2-ZnO composites at an optimum temperature of 260 °C had a response to 100 ppm isopropanol of up to 172.46, which was about 3.6 times higher than that of pure ZnO. The sensor also exhibited fast response and recovery times of 5 s and 11 s, respectively. The gas-sensitive properties can be attributed to the rod-like structure, heterojunction structure and catalytic activity of ZrO2. These results would contribute in expanding the application of ZrO2 in gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Liu
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University Changchun 130118 China
| | - Shenghui Li
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University Changchun 130118 China
| | - Lvqing Wang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University Changchun 130118 China
| | - Shengjue Yang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University Changchun 130118 China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University Changchun 130118 China
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3
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Li T, Yin W, Gao S, Sun Y, Xu P, Wu S, Kong H, Yang G, Wei G. The Combination of Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials with Metal Oxide Nanoparticles for Gas Sensors: A Review. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12060982. [PMID: 35335794 PMCID: PMC8951490 DOI: 10.3390/nano12060982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles have been widely utilized for the fabrication of functional gas sensors to determine various flammable, explosive, toxic, and harmful gases due to their advantages of low cost, fast response, and high sensitivity. However, metal oxide-based gas sensors reveal the shortcomings of high operating temperature, high power requirement, and low selectivity, which limited their rapid development in the fabrication of high-performance gas sensors. The combination of metal oxides with two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials to construct a heterostructure can hybridize the advantages of each other and overcome their respective shortcomings, thereby improving the sensing performance of the fabricated gas sensors. In this review, we present recent advances in the fabrication of metal oxide-, 2D nanomaterials-, as well as 2D material/metal oxide composite-based gas sensors with highly sensitive and selective functions. To achieve this aim, we firstly introduce the working principles of various gas sensors, and then discuss the factors that could affect the sensitivity of gas sensors. After that, a lot of cases on the fabrication of gas sensors by using metal oxides, 2D materials, and 2D material/metal oxide composites are demonstrated. Finally, we summarize the current development and discuss potential research directions in this promising topic. We believe in this work is helpful for the readers in multidiscipline research fields like materials science, nanotechnology, chemical engineering, environmental science, and other related aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- College of Textile & Clothing, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (T.L.); (W.Y.); (Y.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Wen Yin
- College of Textile & Clothing, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (T.L.); (W.Y.); (Y.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Shouwu Gao
- State Key Laboratory, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (S.G.); (P.X.)
| | - Yaning Sun
- College of Textile & Clothing, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (T.L.); (W.Y.); (Y.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Peilong Xu
- State Key Laboratory, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (S.G.); (P.X.)
| | - Shaohua Wu
- College of Textile & Clothing, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (T.L.); (W.Y.); (Y.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Hao Kong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.K.); (G.Y.)
| | - Guozheng Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.K.); (G.Y.)
| | - Gang Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.K.); (G.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-1506-6242-101
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Kong Y, Li Y, Cui X, Su L, Ma D, Lai T, Yao L, Xiao X, Wang Y. SnO2 nanostructured materials used as gas sensors for the detection of hazardous and flammable gases: A review. NANO MATERIALS SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoms.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Lemieux-Leduc C, Guertin R, Bianki MA, Peter YA. All-polymer whispering gallery mode resonators for gas sensing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:8685-8697. [PMID: 33820311 DOI: 10.1364/oe.417703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sensitivity of polymeric microdisks is evaluated for selected compounds in their vapor phase such as humidity, isopropanol, toluene, limonene, 1-butanol, and pentanoic acid (valeric acid). Among these compounds, pentanoic acid exhibits the highest sensitivity (23 pm/ppm) with a limit of detection estimated to be around 0.6 ppm. We are interested in the contribution of the geometry deformation due to polymer swelling on the sensitivity as it may be engineered to improve performance of gas sensing devices. Experimental observations show a trend where sensitivity to humidity increased with the ratio of the undercut over the radius of the microcavity.
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Jayababu N, Poloju M, Shruthi J, Reddy MVR. NiO decorated CeO 2 nanostructures as room temperature isopropanol gas sensors. RSC Adv 2019; 9:13765-13775. [PMID: 35519582 PMCID: PMC9063907 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00441f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterostructures developed using CeO2 show promising peculiarities in the field of metal oxide gas sensors due to the great variations in the resistance during the adsorption and desorption processes. NiO decorated CeO2 nanostructures (NiO/CeO2) were synthesized via a facile two-step process. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) results revealed the perfect decoration of NiO on the CeO2 surface. The porous nature of the NiO/CeO2 sensor surface was confirmed from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Gas sensing studies of pristine CeO2 and NiO/CeO2 sensors were performed under room conditions and enhanced gas sensing properties for the NiO/CeO2 sensor towards isopropanol were observed. Decoration of NiO on the CeO2 surface develops a built-in potential at the interface of NiO and CeO2 which played a vital role in the superior sensing performance of the NiO/CeO2 sensor. Sharp response and recovery times (15 s/19 s) were observed for the NiO/CeO2 sensor towards 100 ppm isopropanol at room temperature. Long-term stability of the NiO/CeO2 sensor was also studied and discussed. From all the results it is concluded that the decoration of NiO on the CeO2 surface could significantly enhance the sensing performance and it has great advantages in designing best performing isopropanol gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagabandi Jayababu
- Thin Films and Nano Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Osmania University Hyderabad-500007 Telangana State India +91-8978405154
| | - Madhukar Poloju
- Thin Films and Nano Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Osmania University Hyderabad-500007 Telangana State India +91-8978405154
- Department of Physics, SVS Groups of Institutions Warangal-506015 TS India
| | - Julakanti Shruthi
- Thin Films and Nano Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Osmania University Hyderabad-500007 Telangana State India +91-8978405154
| | - M V Ramana Reddy
- Thin Films and Nano Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Osmania University Hyderabad-500007 Telangana State India +91-8978405154
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Zhao R, Wang Z, Yang Y, Xing X, Zou T, Wang Z, Hong P, Peng S, Wang Y. Pd-Functionalized SnO₂ Nanofibers Prepared by Shaddock Peels as Bio-Templates for High Gas Sensing Performance toward Butane. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 9:E13. [PMID: 30583574 PMCID: PMC6359564 DOI: 10.3390/nano9010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pd-functionalized one-dimensional (1D) SnO₂ nanostructures were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method and shaddock peels were used as bio-templates to induce a 1D-fiber-like morphology into the gas sensing materials. The gas-sensing performances of sensors based on different ratios of Pd-functionalized SnO₂ composites were measured. All results indicate that the sensor based on 5 mol % Pd-functionalized SnO₂ composites exhibited significantly enhanced gas-sensing performances toward butane. With regard to pure SnO₂, enhanced levels of gas response and selectivity were observed. With 5 mol % Pd-functionalized SnO₂ composites, detection limits as low as 10 ppm with responses of 1.38 ± 0.26 were attained. Additionally, the sensor exhibited rapid response/recovery times (3.20/6.28 s) at 3000 ppm butane, good repeatability and long-term stability, demonstrating their potential in practical applications. The excellent gas-sensing performances are attributed to the unique one-dimensional morphology and the large internal surface area of sensing materials afforded using bio-templates, which provide more active sites for the reaction between butane molecules and adsorbed oxygen ions. The catalysis and "spillover effect" of Pd nanoparticles also play an important role in the sensing of butane gas as further discussed in the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjun Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
- Department of Physics, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Zhezhe Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
- Department of Physics, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Physics, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Xinxin Xing
- Department of Physics, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Tong Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Zidong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Ping Hong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Sijia Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Yude Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
- Department of Physics, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
- Key Lab of Quantum Information of Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
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8
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A gas sensor based on Ga-doped SnO2 porous microflowers for detecting formaldehyde at low temperature. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Liu XH, Yin PF, Kulinich SA, Zhou YZ, Mao J, Ling T, Du XW. Arrays of Ultrathin CdS Nanoflakes with High-Energy Surface for Efficient Gas Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:602-609. [PMID: 27981834 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
It is fascinating and challenging to endow conventional materials with unprecedented properties. For instance, cadmium sulfide (CdS) is an important semiconductor with excellent light response; however, its potential in gas-sensing was underestimated owing to relatively low chemical activity and poor electrical conductivity. Herein, we demonstrate that an ideal architecture, ultrathin nanoflake arrays (NFAs), can improve significantly gas-sensing properties of CdS material. The CdS NFAs are grown directly on the interdigitated electrode to expose large surface area. Their thickness is reduced below the double Debye length of CdS, permitting to achieve a full depletion of carriers. Particularly, the prepared CdS nanoflakes are enclosed with high-energy {0001} facets exposed, which provides more active sites for gas adsorption. Moreover, the NFAs exhibit the light-trapping effect, which further enhances their gas sensitivity. As a result, the as-prepared CdS NFAs demonstrate excellent gas-sensing and light-response properties, thus being capable of dual gas and light detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sergei A Kulinich
- Institute of Innovative Science and Technology, Tokai University , 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
- Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston University , Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
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10
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Cheng J, Wang J, Li Q, Liu H, Li Y. A review of recent developments in tin dioxide composites for gas sensing application. J IND ENG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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Li Y, Deng D, Chen N, Xing X, Xiao X, Wang Y. Enhanced methanol sensing properties of SnO2 microspheres in a composite with Pt nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16636a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SnO2 microspheres in a composite with Pt nanoparticles (0, 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 5.0 mol% Pt loading) were synthesized by a solvothermal method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyang Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Physics
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Xing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechun Xiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Province Key Lab of Micro-Nano Materials and Technology
| | - Yude Wang
- Department of Physics
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Province Key Lab of Micro-Nano Materials and Technology
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12
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Chen N, Deng D, Li Y, Xing X, Liu X, Xiao X, Wang Y. The xylene sensing performance of WO3 decorated anatase TiO2 nanoparticles as a sensing material for a gas sensor at a low operating temperature. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra09195d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, the pristine and WO3 decorated TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal without the use of a surfactant or template, and used to fabricate gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chen
- Department of Physics
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyang Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Xing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechun Xiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Province Key Lab of Micro-Nano Materials and Technology
| | - Yude Wang
- Department of Physics
- Yunnan University
- Kunming
- People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Province Key Lab of Micro-Nano Materials and Technology
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13
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Xiao X, Xing X, Han B, Deng D, Cai X, Wang Y. Enhanced formaldehyde sensing properties of SnO2 nanorods coupled with Zn2SnO4. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01887k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The formaldehyde sensing properties of a SnO2 nanorod gas sensor are improved by compositing with Zn2SnO4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechun Xiao
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- 650091 Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Xing
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- 650091 Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Bingqian Han
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- 650091 Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyang Deng
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- 650091 Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- 650091 Kunming
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yude Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- 650091 Kunming
- People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Province Key Lab of Mico-Nano Materials and Technology
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