1
|
Wan L, Kong G, Liu M, Jiang M, Cheng D, Chen F. Flow chemistry in the multi-step synthesis of natural products. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
|
2
|
Majhi S. Applications of ultrasound in total synthesis of bioactive natural products: A promising green tool. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 77:105665. [PMID: 34298310 PMCID: PMC8322467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Total synthesisis frequently compared to climbing as it provides a suitable route to reach a high point from the floor, the complex natural product from simple and commercially available materials. The total synthesis has a privileged position of trust in confirming the hypothetical complex structures of natural products despite sophisticated analytical and spectroscopic instrumentation and techniques that are available presently. Moreover, total synthesis is also useful to prepare rare bioactive natural products in the laboratory as several bioactive secondary metabolites are obtained in small quantities from natural sources. The artistic aspect of the total synthesis of bioactive natural products continues to be praised today as it may provide environmental protection through the concept of green or clean chemistry. The use of ultrasound waves as a non-polluting source of energy is of great interest in the field of sustainable and pharmaceutical chemistry as it differs from conventional energy sources in terms of reaction rates, yields, selectivities, and purity of the products. The present review highlights the application of ultrasound as a green tool in the total synthesis of bioactive natural products as well as this article is also aimed to offer an overview of natural sources, structures, and biological activities of the promising natural products for the first time from 2005 to 2020 elegantly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sasadhar Majhi
- Department of Chemistry (UG & PG), Triveni Devi Bhalotia College, Raniganj, West Bengal 713347, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Biletskyi B, Colonna P, Masson K, Parrain JL, Commeiras L, Chouraqui G. Small rings in the bigger picture: ring expansion of three- and four-membered rings to access larger all-carbon cyclic systems. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:7513-7538. [PMID: 34002179 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01396j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The release of the inherent ring strain of cyclobutane and cyclopropane derivatives allows a rapid build-up of molecular complexity. This review highlights the state-of-the-art of the ring expansions of three- and four-membered cycles and is organised by types of reactions with emphasis on the reaction mechanisms. Selected examples are discussed to illustrate the synthetic potential of this elegant synthetic tool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bohdan Biletskyi
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France.
| | - Pierre Colonna
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France.
| | - Kévin Masson
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France.
| | - Jean-Luc Parrain
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France.
| | - Laurent Commeiras
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France.
| | - Gaëlle Chouraqui
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Natural products are the most effective source of potential drug leads. The total
synthesis of bioactive natural products plays a crucial role in confirming the hypothetical
complex structure of natural products in the laboratory. The total synthesis of rare bioactive
natural products is one of the great challenges for the organic synthetic community due to
their complex structures, biochemical specificity, and difficult stereochemistry. Subsequently,
the total synthesis is a long process in several cases, and it requires a substantial amount of
time. Microwave irradiation has emerged as a greener tool in organic methodologies to reduce
reaction time from days and hours to minutes and seconds. Moreover, this non-classical
methodology increases product yields and purities, improves reproducibility, modifications of
selectivity, simplification of work-up methods, and reduces unwanted side reactions. Such
beneficial qualities have stimulated this review to cover the application of microwave irradiation in the field of the
total synthesis of bioactive natural products for the first time during the last decade. An overview of the use of microwave
irradiation, natural sources, structures, and biological activities of secondary metabolites is presented elegantly,
focusing on the involvement of at least one or more steps by microwave irradiation as a green technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sasadhar Majhi
- Department of Chemistry (UG & PG Department), Triveni Devi Bhalotia College, Raniganj, Kazi Nazrul University, West Bengal- 713347, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hafeez S, Saeed A. Photo-redox catalyzed dehydrazinative acylation of N-heterocycles via Minisci reaction. RSC Adv 2021; 11:38683-38689. [PMID: 35493212 PMCID: PMC9044185 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07063k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Visible light-induced acylation of heteroaromatic compounds have been achieved using benzoyl hydrazides as an efficient acyl source under mild reaction conditions. The photo-redox catalyzed oxidative cleavage of hydrazides leads to in situ formation of acyl radicals, which subsequently couple with various N-heterocycles to produce acylated products. This synthetic strategy performs the classic Minisci reaction in an eco-friendly and greener way with functional group tolerance and regioselectivity. Control experiments confirm the radical pathway for this transformation. Visible light-induced acylation of heteroaromatic compounds have been achieved using benzoyl hydrazides as an efficient acyl source under mild reaction conditions.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saira Hafeez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Williams CM, Dallaston MA. The Future of Retrosynthesis and Synthetic Planning: Algorithmic, Humanistic or the Interplay? Aust J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/ch20371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The practice of deploying and teaching retrosynthesis is on the cusp of considerable change, which in turn forces practitioners and educators to contemplate whether this impending change will advance or erode the efficiency and elegance of organic synthesis in the future. A short treatise is presented herein that covers the concept of retrosynthesis, along with exemplified methods and theories, and an attempt to comprehend the impact of artificial intelligence in an era when freely and commercially available retrosynthetic and forward synthesis planning programs are increasingly prevalent. Will the computer ever compete with human retrosynthetic design and the art of organic synthesis?
Collapse
|
7
|
Walia M, Teijaro CN, Gardner A, Tran T, Kang J, Zhao S, O'Connor SE, Courdavault V, Andrade RB. Synthesis of (-)-Melodinine K: A Case Study of Efficiency in Natural Product Synthesis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2425-2433. [PMID: 32786883 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Efficiency is a key organizing principle in modern natural product synthesis. Practical criteria include time, cost, and effort expended to synthesize the target, which tracks with step-count and scale. The execution of a natural product synthesis, that is, the sum and identity of each reaction employed therein, falls along a continuum of chemical (abiotic) synthesis on one extreme, followed by the hybrid chemoenzymatic approach, and ultimately biological (biosynthesis) on the other, acknowledging the first synthesis belongs to Nature. Starting materials also span a continuum of structural complexity approaching the target with constituent elements on one extreme, followed by petroleum-derived and "chiral pool" building blocks, and complex natural products (i.e., semisynthesis) on the other. Herein, we detail our approach toward realizing the first synthesis of (-)-melodinine K, a complex bis-indole alkaloid. The total syntheses of monomers (-)-tabersonine and (-)-16-methoxytabersonine employing our domino Michael/Mannich annulation is described. Isolation of (-)-tabersonine from Voacanga africana and strategic biotransformation with tabersonine 16-hydroxylase for site-specific C-H oxidation enabled a scalable route. The Polonovski-Potier reaction was employed in biomimetic fragment coupling. Subsequent manipulations delivered the target. We conclude with a discussion of efficiency in natural products synthesis and how chemical and biological technologies define the synthetic frontier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manish Walia
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Christiana N Teijaro
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Alex Gardner
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Thi Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Jinfeng Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Senzhi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Sarah E O'Connor
- Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis, Max Planck Institute of Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, Jena D-07745, Germany
| | - Vincent Courdavault
- EA2106 "Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales", Université de Tours, Tours 37200, France
| | - Rodrigo B Andrade
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Arbour CA, Imperiali B. Uridine natural products: Challenging targets and inspiration for novel small molecule inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115661. [PMID: 32828427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nucleoside derivatives, in particular those featuring uridine, are familiar components of the nucleoside family of bioactive natural products. The structural complexity and biological activities of these compounds have inspired research from organic chemistry and chemical biology communities seeking to develop novel approaches to assemble the challenging molecular targets, to gain inspiration for enzyme inhibitor development and to fuel antibiotic discovery efforts. This review will present recent case studies describing the total synthesis and biosynthesis of uridine natural products, and de novo synthetic efforts exploiting features of the natural products to produce simplified scaffolds. This research has culminated in the development of complementary strategies that can lead to effective uridine-based inhibitors and antibiotics. The strengths and challenges of the juxtaposing methods will be illustrated by examining select uridine natural products. Moreover, structure-activity relationships (SAR) for each natural product-inspired scaffold will be discussed, highlighting the impact on inhibitor development, with the aim of future uridine-based small molecule expansion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Arbour
- Department of Biology and Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Barbara Imperiali
- Department of Biology and Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Piochon M, Coulon PML, Caulet A, Groleau MC, Déziel E, Gauthier C. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Burkholderia-Related 4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-alkenylquinolines (HMAQs) and Their N-Oxide Counterparts. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2145-2154. [PMID: 32631063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Burkholderia genus offers a promising potential in medicine because of the diversity of biologically active natural products encoded in its genome. Some pathogenic Burkholderia spp. biosynthesize a specific class of antimicrobial 2-alkyl-4(1H)-quinolones, i.e., 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-alkenylquinolines (HMAQs) and their N-oxide derivatives (HMAQNOs). Herein, we report the synthesis of a series of six HMAQs and HMAQNOs featuring a trans-Δ2 double bond at the C2-alkyl chain. The quinolone scaffold was obtained via the Conrad-Limpach approach, while the (E)-2-alkenyl chain was inserted through Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling under microwave radiation without noticeable isomerization according to the optimized conditions. Subsequent oxidation of enolate-protected HMAQs cleanly led to the formation of HMAQNOs following cleavage of the ethyl carbonate group. Synthetic HMAQs and HMAQNOs were evaluated in vitro for their antimicrobial activity against different Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as against molds and yeasts. The biological results support and extend the potential of HMAQs and HMAQNOs as antimicrobials, especially against Gram-positive bacteria. We also confirm the involvement of HMAQs in the autoregulation of the Hmq system in Burkholderia ambifaria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Piochon
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531, Boulevard des Prairies, Laval (Québec), Canada, H7V 1B7
| | - Pauline M L Coulon
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531, Boulevard des Prairies, Laval (Québec), Canada, H7V 1B7
| | - Armand Caulet
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531, Boulevard des Prairies, Laval (Québec), Canada, H7V 1B7
| | - Marie-Christine Groleau
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531, Boulevard des Prairies, Laval (Québec), Canada, H7V 1B7
| | - Eric Déziel
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531, Boulevard des Prairies, Laval (Québec), Canada, H7V 1B7
| | - Charles Gauthier
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), 531, Boulevard des Prairies, Laval (Québec), Canada, H7V 1B7
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schwan J, Kleoff M, Heretsch P, Christmann M. Five-Step Synthesis of Yaequinolones J1 and J2. Org Lett 2020; 22:675-678. [PMID: 31909626 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A concise synthesis of yaequinolones J1 and J2 is reported. The route is based on the aryne insertion into the σ-C-N bond of an unsymmetric imide followed by a diastereoselective aldol cyclization of the resulting N-acylated aminobenzophenone. The chromene motif is generated in the first step by an organocatalytic tandem Knoevenagel electrocyclization of citral and 2-bromoresorcinol. The approach adheres to the ideality principle, using almost exclusively strategic bond-forming reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Schwan
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustr. 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Merlin Kleoff
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustr. 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Philipp Heretsch
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustr. 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Mathias Christmann
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustr. 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu H, Lin S, Jacobsen KM, Poulsen TB. Chemische Synthesen und chemische Biologie von Carboxylpolyether‐Ionophoren: Aktuelle Entwicklungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- Department of ChemistryAarhus University Langelandsgade 140 8000 Aarhus C Dänemark
| | - Shaoquan Lin
- Department of ChemistryAarhus University Langelandsgade 140 8000 Aarhus C Dänemark
| | - Kristian M. Jacobsen
- Department of ChemistryAarhus University Langelandsgade 140 8000 Aarhus C Dänemark
| | - Thomas B. Poulsen
- Department of ChemistryAarhus University Langelandsgade 140 8000 Aarhus C Dänemark
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu H, Lin S, Jacobsen KM, Poulsen TB. Chemical Syntheses and Chemical Biology of Carboxyl Polyether Ionophores: Recent Highlights. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:13630-13642. [PMID: 30793459 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A central goal of chemical biology is to develop molecular probes that enable fundamental studies of cellular systems. In the hierarchy of bioactive molecules, the so-called ionophore class occupies an unflattering position in the lower branches, with typical labels being "non-specific" and "toxic". In fact, the mere possibility that a candidate molecule possesses "ionophore activity" typically prompts its removal from further studies; ionophores-from a chemical genetics perspective-are molecular outlaws. In stark contrast to this overall poor reputation of ionophores, synthetic chemistry owes some of its most amazing achievements to studies of ionophore natural products, in particular the carboxyl polyethers renowned for their intricate molecular structures. These compounds have for decades been academic battlegrounds where new synthetic methodology is tested and retrosynthetic tactics perfected. Herein, we review the most exciting recent advances in carboxyl polyether ionophore (CPI) synthesis and in addition discuss the burgeoning field of CPI chemical biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Shaoquan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kristian M Jacobsen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Thomas B Poulsen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Karmakar R, Rheingold AL, Micalizio GC. Studies Targeting Ryanodol Result in an Annulation Reaction for the Synthesis of a Variety of Fused Carbocycles. Org Lett 2019; 21:6126-6129. [PMID: 31298546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An annulation reaction is described to access a range of polycyclic and highly oxygenated carbocycles. First developed in an approach to the synthesis of ryanodol, metallacycle-mediated annulative diketone-alkyne coupling defines a framework for realization of new retrosynthetic relationships for complex molecule synthesis. In addition to demonstrating this reaction in the context of forging distinct carbocyclic systems, including those featuring a seven-membered ring, the choice of quenching reagent leads to unique reaction outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajdip Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry , Dartmouth College , Burke Laboratory, Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
| | - Arnold L Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Glenn C Micalizio
- Department of Chemistry , Dartmouth College , Burke Laboratory, Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
|
15
|
Abstract
The field of natural product total synthesis has reached the point where synthetic efficiency has become more important than merely defining a viable (yet less ideal) route to the target molecule. Synthetic efficiency is best represented by the number of steps it takes to finish the target molecule from readily available starting materials, as by reducing the number of steps, all other factors of synthetic efficiency are influenced positively. By comparing several total syntheses from the recent years, the most successful strategies for step efficient syntheses will be highlighted. Each synthesis will be presented using a color-coded synthetic flowchart, in which each step is categorized by a colored box. Five categories of transformations are defined and rated according to their synthetic value. Each class will be signified by different colors so that the reader can quickly see which parts of the synthesis are productive and those that are not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Schwan
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Takustraße 3, 10781 Berlin, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Christiaens M, Hullaert J, Van Hecke K, Laplace D, Winne JM. Stereoselective and Modular Assembly Method for Heterocycle-Fused Daucane Sesquiterpenoids. Chemistry 2018; 24:13783-13787. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mien Christiaens
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4 Gent 9000 Belgium
| | - Jan Hullaert
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4 Gent 9000 Belgium
| | - Kristof Van Hecke
- Department of Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S3 Gent 9000 Belgium
| | - Duchan Laplace
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4 Gent 9000 Belgium
| | - Johan M. Winne
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4 Gent 9000 Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Baran PS. Natural Product Total Synthesis: As Exciting as Ever and Here To Stay. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:4751-4755. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Phil S. Baran
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiwu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanxing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bartels F, Hong YJ, Ueda D, Weber M, Sato T, Tantillo DJ, Christmann M. Bioinspired synthesis of pentacyclic onocerane triterpenoids. Chem Sci 2017; 8:8285-8290. [PMID: 29619174 PMCID: PMC5858022 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc03903d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The first chemical synthesis of pentacyclic onocerane triterpenoids (+)-cupacinoxepin and (+)-onoceranoxide is described.
The first chemical synthesis of pentacyclic onocerane triterpenoids has been achieved. A putative biomimetic tricyclization cascade is employed to forge a fused decalin-/oxepane ring system. The synthetic route proceeds to (+)-cupacinoxepin in seven steps and to (+)-onoceranoxide in eight steps in the longest linear sequence, when starting from geranyl chloride and (+)-sclareolide. The bioinspired epoxypolyene cyclization is supported by computational and enzymatic studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Bartels
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Young J Hong
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Davis , Davis , California 95616 , USA .
| | - Daijiro Ueda
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry , Graduate School of Science and Technology , Niigata University , Ikarashi 2-8050, Nishi-ku , Niigata 950-2181 , Japan .
| | - Manuela Weber
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Tsutomu Sato
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry , Graduate School of Science and Technology , Niigata University , Ikarashi 2-8050, Nishi-ku , Niigata 950-2181 , Japan .
| | - Dean J Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry , University of California-Davis , Davis , California 95616 , USA .
| | - Mathias Christmann
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Freie Universität Berlin , Takustraße 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany .
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hu Y, Bai M, Yang Y, Zhou Q. Metal-catalyzed enyne cycloisomerization in natural product total synthesis. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00702g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enyne cycloisomerization has become a powerful and attractive strategy for the construction of cyclic compounds, thus possessing great potential for applications in total synthesis of natural products and pharmaceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- P.R. China
| | - Miao Bai
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- P.R. China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- P.R. China
| | - Qianghui Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan
- P.R. China
- The Institute for Advanced Studies
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kärkäs M, Porco JA, Stephenson CRJ. Photochemical Approaches to Complex Chemotypes: Applications in Natural Product Synthesis. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9683-747. [PMID: 27120289 PMCID: PMC5025835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 674] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The use of photochemical transformations is a powerful strategy that allows for the formation of a high degree of molecular complexity from relatively simple building blocks in a single step. A central feature of all light-promoted transformations is the involvement of electronically excited states, generated upon absorption of photons. This produces transient reactive intermediates and significantly alters the reactivity of a chemical compound. The input of energy provided by light thus offers a means to produce strained and unique target compounds that cannot be assembled using thermal protocols. This review aims at highlighting photochemical transformations as a tool for rapidly accessing structurally and stereochemically diverse scaffolds. Synthetic designs based on photochemical transformations have the potential to afford complex polycyclic carbon skeletons with impressive efficiency, which are of high value in total synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus
D. Kärkäs
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - John A. Porco
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Corey R. J. Stephenson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Das D, Chakraborty TK. An overview of the recent synthetic studies toward penifulvins and other fenestranes. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
23
|
Zhu J, Cheng Y, Kuang X, Wang L, Zheng Z, Tang Y. Highly Efficient Formal [2+2+2] Strategy for the Rapid Construction of Polycyclic Spiroindolines: A Concise Synthesis of 11‐Demethoxy‐16‐
epi
‐myrtoidine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:9224-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201603991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yu‐Jing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xiao‐Kang Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Lijia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Zhong‐Bo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhu J, Cheng Y, Kuang X, Wang L, Zheng Z, Tang Y. Highly Efficient Formal [2+2+2] Strategy for the Rapid Construction of Polycyclic Spiroindolines: A Concise Synthesis of 11‐Demethoxy‐16‐
epi
‐myrtoidine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201603991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yu‐Jing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xiao‐Kang Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Lijia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Zhong‐Bo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjiny 300072 China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Popov K, Hoang A, Somfai P. Concise Total Synthesis of Dehaloperophoramidine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:1801-4. [PMID: 26676910 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Perophoramidine, dehaloperophoramidine, and communesin F are structurally related alkaloids having intriguing polycyclic structures. A strategy for the synthesis of dehaloperophoramidine has been developed. In this synthesis all skeletal atoms and all functional groups required to reach the target molecule are incorporated early in the sequence. This approach led to the discovery of two novel substrate-specific domino processes, one encompassing four steps and the other comprising five steps, thus resulting in an eight-step synthesis of dehaloperophoramidine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Popov
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anita Hoang
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter Somfai
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 22100, Lund, Sweden. .,Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Alehashem MS, Lim CG, Thomas NF. The radical cation mediated cleavage of catharanthine leading to the vinblastine type alkaloids: implications for total synthesis and drug design. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23074h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparison of the Boger and Kutney mechanistic interpretations for the FeCl3 promoted oxidative coupling of vindoline and catharanthine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chuan-Gee Lim
- Environmental and Bioprocess Technology Centre
- SIRIM Berhad
- 40000 Shah Alam
- Malaysia
| | - Noel F. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Popov
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; Lund University; 22100 Lund Sweden
| | - Anita Hoang
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; Lund University; 22100 Lund Sweden
| | - Peter Somfai
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; Lund University; 22100 Lund Sweden
- Institute of Technology; University of Tartu; Nooruse 1 50411 Tartu Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Beemelmanns C, Reissig HU. Evolution of a Short Route to Strychnine by Using the Samarium-Diiodide-Induced Cascade Cyclization as a Key Step. Chemistry 2015; 21:8416-25. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
29
|
|
30
|
Mahajan PS, Gonnade RG, Mhaske SB. Protecting-Group-Free Diastereoselective Total Synthesis of (±)-6-epi-Cleistenolide and Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of (-)-6-epi-Cleistenolide. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
31
|
Grenning AJ, Boyce JH, Porco JA. Rapid synthesis of polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol analogs via dearomative conjunctive allylic annulation. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:11799-804. [PMID: 25061804 PMCID: PMC4140454 DOI: 10.1021/ja5060302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Polyprenylated
acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) are structurally complex
natural products with promising biological activities. Herein, we
present a biosynthesis-inspired, diversity-oriented synthesis approach
for rapid construction of PPAP analogs via double decarboxylative
allylation (DcA) of acylphloroglucinol scaffolds to access allyl-desoxyhumulones
followed by dearomative conjunctive allylic alkylation (DCAA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Grenning
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development (CMLD-BU), Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zaimoku H, Taniguchi T. Redox Divergent Synthesis of Fawcettimine-TypeLycopodiumAlkaloids. Chemistry 2014; 20:9613-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|