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Shibata K, Yoshida M, Hirakawa K, Otsuka T, Bisri SZ, Iwasa Y. Single PbS colloidal quantum dot transistors. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7486. [PMID: 37980351 PMCID: PMC10657373 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43343-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Colloidal quantum dots are sub-10 nm semiconductors treated with liquid processes, rendering them attractive candidates for single-electron transistors operating at high temperatures. However, there have been few reports on single-electron transistors using colloidal quantum dots due to the difficulty in fabrication. In this work, we fabricated single-electron transistors using single oleic acid-capped PbS quantum dot coupled to nanogap metal electrodes and measured single-electron tunneling. We observed dot size-dependent carrier transport, orbital-dependent electron charging energy and conductance, electric field modulation of the electron confinement potential, and the Kondo effect, which provide nanoscopic insights into carrier transport through single colloidal quantum dots. Moreover, the large charging energy in small quantum dots enables single-electron transistor operation even at room temperature. These findings, as well as the commercial availability and high stability, make PbS quantum dots promising for the development of quantum information and optoelectronic devices, particularly room-temperature single-electron transistors with excellent optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Shibata
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology, 35-1 Yagiyama, Kasumi-cho, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, 982-8577, Japan.
| | - Masaki Yoshida
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology, 35-1 Yagiyama, Kasumi-cho, Taihaku-ku, Sendai, 982-8577, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hirakawa
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- Institute for Nano Quantum Information Electronics, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Otsuka
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-05, Aramaki, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
- Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- Quantum Functional System Research Group, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Satria Zulkarnaen Bisri
- Emergent Device Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Applied Physics and Chemical Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Iwasa
- Emergent Device Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Applied Physics and Quantum-Phase Electronics Center, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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Jenewein C, Schupp SM, Ni B, Schmidt-Mende L, Cölfen H. Tuning the Electronic Properties of Mesocrystals. SMALL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Jenewein
- Department of Chemistry University of Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78462 Konstanz Germany
| | - Stefan M. Schupp
- Department of Physics University of Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78462 Konstanz Germany
| | - Bing Ni
- Department of Chemistry University of Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78462 Konstanz Germany
| | - Lukas Schmidt-Mende
- Department of Physics University of Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78462 Konstanz Germany
| | - Helmut Cölfen
- Department of Chemistry University of Konstanz Universitätsstraße 10 78462 Konstanz Germany
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3
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Montes-García V, Squillaci MA, Diez-Castellnou M, Ong QK, Stellacci F, Samorì P. Chemical sensing with Au and Ag nanoparticles. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:1269-1304. [PMID: 33290474 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01112f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) are ideal scaffolds for the fabrication of sensing devices because of their high surface-to-volume ratio combined with their unique optical and electrical properties which are extremely sensitive to changes in the environment. Such characteristics guarantee high sensitivity in sensing processes. Metal NPs can be decorated with ad hoc molecular building blocks which can act as receptors of specific analytes. By pursuing this strategy, and by taking full advantage of the specificity of supramolecular recognition events, highly selective sensing devices can be fabricated. Besides, noble metal NPs can also be a pivotal element for the fabrication of chemical nose/tongue sensors to target complex mixtures of analytes. This review highlights the most enlightening strategies developed during the last decade, towards the fabrication of chemical sensors with either optical or electrical readout combining high sensitivity and selectivity, along with fast response and full reversibility, with special attention to approaches that enable efficient environmental and health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Montes-García
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
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Kuruoğlu F, Çalışkan M, Serin M, Erol A. Well-ordered nanoparticle arrays for floating gate memory applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:215203. [PMID: 31986505 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab7043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A non-volatile floating gate memory device containing well-ordered Au nanoparticles (NPs) is fabricated as a metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor structure. With superior control on the size, shape and position of nanoparticles, the presented nano-floating gate memory (NFGM) device possesses almost perfect precision of device geometry. The well-ordered Au NPs embedded within the memory device exhibit large memory window at low operation voltages (8.8V @ ± 15V), fast operation time (<10-4 s) and good retention (up to 107 s). In this work, the structural properties of the NFGM device are correlated with the examined electrical properties. The current results are compared with the other studies in the literature to emphasis the advantages of the precise ordering and geometry of the NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furkan Kuruoğlu
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
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Koo J, Yang J, Cho B, Jo H, Lee KH, Kang MS. Nonvolatile Electric Double-Layer Transistor Memory Devices Embedded with Au Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:9563-9570. [PMID: 29468869 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b01902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present nonvolatile transistor memory devices that rely on the formation of electric double layer (EDL) at the semiconductor-electrolyte interface. The two critical functional components of the devices are the ion gel electrolyte and gold nanoparticles (NPs). The ion gel electrolyte contains ionic species for EDL formation that allow inducing charges in the semiconductor-electrolyte interface. The gold NPs inserted between the ion gel and the channel layer serve as trapping sites to the induced charges to store the electrical input signals. Two different types of gold NPs were used: one prepared using direct thermal evaporation and the other prepared using a colloidal process. The organic ligands attached onto the colloidal gold NPs prevented the escape of the trapped charges from the particles and thus enhanced the retention characteristics of the programmed/erased signals. The low-voltage-driven EDL formation resulted in a programmed/erased memory signal ratio larger than 103 from the nonvolatile indium-gallium-zinc oxide transistor memory devices at voltages below 10 V, which could be held for >105 s. The utility of the electrolytes to operate memory devices demonstrated herein should provide an alternative strategy to realize cheap, portable electronic devices powered with thin-film batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaemok Koo
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Soongsil University , Seoul 156-743 , Korea
| | - Jeehye Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Soongsil University , Seoul 156-743 , Korea
| | - Boeun Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Soongsil University , Seoul 156-743 , Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Jo
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Soongsil University , Seoul 156-743 , Korea
| | - Keun Hyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Inha University , Incheon 402-751 , Korea
| | - Moon Sung Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Soongsil University , Seoul 156-743 , Korea
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Sun J, Wang Y, Liao J. Tailoring two-dimensional nanoparticle arrays into various patterns. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:044003. [PMID: 29135459 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa9ab3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A simple and effective technique has been developed to fabricate patterns of nanoparticle arrays. Lithographically fabricated structures in resists serve as scissors to tailor two-dimensional nanoparticle arrays on a flat poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) stamp. The desired patterns of nanoparticle arrays remaining on the PDMS stamp after tailoring can be printed onto solid substrates. Various regular nanoparticle patterns, such as squares, triangles, disks, and pentagons, can be easily prepared using this technique. Arbitrary nanoparticle patterns as complex as Chinese characters have been successfully demonstrated. Moreover, nanoparticle stripes with width ranging from micrometers to quasi single nanoparticle diameter have also been achieved. Nanoparticle stripes have been integrated into electronic devices for transport measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Sun
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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Self-assembly of hydrophobic gold nanoparticles and adhesion property of their assembled monolayer films. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 501:241-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Reissner PA, Tisserant JN, Sánchez-Ferrer A, Mezzenga R, Stemmer A. Solvent-mediated conductance increase of dodecanethiol-stabilized gold nanoparticle monolayers. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 7:2057-2064. [PMID: 28144553 PMCID: PMC5238686 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.7.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticle monolayers provide convenient templates to study charge transport in organic molecules beyond single junction techniques. Conductance is reported to increase by several orders of magnitude following immersion of alkanethiol-stabilized gold nanoparticle monolayers in a solution containing conjugated thiol-functionalized molecules. Typically, this observation is attributed to molecular exchange. Less attention has been paid to the role of the solvent alone. Here, we report on an increase in conductance of dodecanethiol-stabilized gold nanoparticle monolayers on Si/SiO2 by an average factor of 36 and 22 after immersion in pure ethanol (EtOH) and tetrahydrofuran (THF), respectively. Analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) reveals a solvent-induced decrease in lattice constant of close-packed monolayers. We compare the conductance of the monolayer after molecular exchange with two different oligophenylenes to shed light on the respective contribution of the solvent-induced structural change and the molecular exchange itself on the conductance increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Reissner
- ETH Zürich, Nanotechnology Group, Säumerstrasse 4, CH-8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | | | - Antoni Sánchez-Ferrer
- ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Food and Soft Materials, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Food and Soft Materials, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Stemmer
- ETH Zürich, Nanotechnology Group, Säumerstrasse 4, CH-8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
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Reissner PA, Fedoryshyn Y, Tisserant JN, Stemmer A. Resistive switching of alkanethiolated nanoparticle monolayers patterned by electron-beam exposure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:22783-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp03928f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscale structures are fabricated by the direct electron-beam exposure of 10 nm gold nanoparticle monolayers and development in an emulsion. We observe resistive switching in these structures of up to five orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuriy Fedoryshyn
- ETH Zürich
- Institute of Electromagnetic Fields
- CH-8092 Zürich
- Switzerland
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Liao J, Blok S, van der Molen SJ, Diefenbach S, Holleitner AW, Schönenberger C, Vladyka A, Calame M. Ordered nanoparticle arrays interconnected by molecular linkers: electronic and optoelectronic properties. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:999-1014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00225c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Arrays of metal nanoparticles in an organic matrix have attracted a lot of interest due to their diverse electronic and optoelectronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Liao
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices
- Department of Electronics
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Sander Blok
- Leiden Institute of Physics
- Universiteit Leiden
- 2333 CA Leiden
- Netherlands
| | | | - Sandra Diefenbach
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik-Department
- Technische Universtität München
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM)
| | - Alexander W. Holleitner
- Walter Schottky Institut and Physik-Department
- Technische Universtität München
- 85748 Garching
- Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM)
| | | | - Anton Vladyka
- Department of Physics
- Universität Basel
- 4056 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Michel Calame
- Department of Physics
- Universität Basel
- 4056 Basel
- Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute
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11
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Dimensionality-dependent charge transport in close-packed nanoparticle arrays: from 2D to 3D. Sci Rep 2014; 4:7565. [PMID: 25523836 PMCID: PMC4271260 DOI: 10.1038/srep07565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Charge transport properties in close-packed nanoparticle arrays with thickness crossing over from two dimensions to three dimensions have been studied. The dimensionality transition of nanoparticle arrays was realized by continually printing spatially well-defined nanoparticle monolayers on top of the device in situ. The evolution of charge transport properties depending on the dimensionality has been investigated in both the Efros-Shaklovskii variable-range-hopping (ES-VRH) (low temperature) regime and the sequential hopping (SH) (medium temperature) regime. We find that the energy barriers to transport decrease when the thickness of nanoparticle arrays increases from monolayer to multilayers, but start to level off at the thickness of 4–5 monolayers. The energy barriers are characterized by the coefficient βD at ES-VRH regime and the activation energy Ea at SH regime. Moreover, a turning point for the temperature coefficient of conductance was observed in multilayer nanoparticle arrays at high temperature, which is attributed to the increasing mobility with decreasing temperature of hopping transport in three dimensions.
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