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Pandit S, Seth D. Graphene Oxide-Induced Prototropism and Enhancement of Fluorescence Yield of Organic Molecules in Solutions: Recent Advances. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:9328-9335. [PMID: 38648496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Till date, humankind has mainly acknowledged the quenching phenomenon of graphene oxide (GO). From a fundamental science standpoint, the unique and dynamic prospects of graphene oxide have been showcased in a brief but concise manner. Worldwide research studies have proven that graphene oxide has tremendous potentiality in showcasing breakthroughs in the fields of both basic science and innovative applications. In this Perspective, the fact that, apart from the very common fluorescence quenching phenomenon, graphene oxide can also enhance fluorescence intensity, promote prototropism, demonstrate aggregation-induced emission, and itself exhibit photoluminescence properties in nonaqueous media has been highlighted. It draws attention to the fact regarding unveiling the unknown properties of graphene oxide that might be useful to scientific communities in upcoming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Pandit
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna 801103, Bihar, India
| | - Debabrata Seth
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna 801103, Bihar, India
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2
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Environmental Health and Safety of Engineered Nanomaterials. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8984-0_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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3
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Environmental Health and Safety of Engineered Nanomaterials. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-9374-7_23-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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4
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A Ocsoy M, Yusufbeyoglu S, Ildiz N, Ulgen A, Ocsoy I. DNA Aptamer-Conjugated Magnetic Graphene Oxide for Pathogenic Bacteria Aggregation: Selective and Enhanced Photothermal Therapy for Effective and Rapid Killing. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:20637-20643. [PMID: 34396009 PMCID: PMC8359158 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), often called "superbug", is a nosocomial and multidrug resistance bacterium that shows resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. There has been high demand to develop an alternative treatment model to antibiotics for efficiently fighting MRSA. Herein, we developed DNA aptamer-conjugated magnetic graphene oxide (Apt@MGO) as a multifunctional and biocompatible nanoplatform for selective and rapid eradication of MRSA and evaluated heat generation and cell death performance of Apt@MGO for the first time under dispersed and aggregated states. The aptamer sequence was specifically selected for MRSA and acted as a molecular targeting probe for selective MRSA recognition and antibiotic-free therapy. Magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) serves as a nanoplatform for aptamer conjugation and as a photothermal agent by converting near-infrared (NIR) light to heat. Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) are formed on GO to prepare MGO, which shows magnetic properties for collecting MRSA cells in a certain area in the reaction tube by an external magnet. The collected MGO induces remarkably high local heating and eventual MRSA cell death under NIR laser irradiation. We demonstrate that Apt@MGO resulted in ∼78% MRSA and over >97% MRSA cell inactivation in dispersed and aggregated states, respectively, under 200 seconds (sn) exposure of NIR irradiation (808 nm, 1.1 W cm-2). An in vitro study highlights that Apt@MGO is considered a targeted, biocompatible, and light-activated photothermal agent for efficient and rapid killing of MRSA in the aggregated state under NIR light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muserref A Ocsoy
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Science, Erciyes
University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Sadi Yusufbeyoglu
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Gülhane Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, 06010 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nilay Ildiz
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ulgen
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Erciyes
University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ismail Ocsoy
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
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5
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Pourhossein A, Rafizadeh M, Chen P. Stimuli‐responsive zein‐based nanoparticles as a potential carrier for ellipticine: Synthesis, release, and in vitro delivery. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Pourhossein
- Nanotechnology InstituteAmirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color TechnologyAmirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Mehdi Rafizadeh
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color TechnologyAmirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Pu Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada
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6
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Jafari Z, Baharfar R, Rad AS, Asghari S. Potential of graphene oxide as a drug delivery system for Sumatriptan: a detailed density functional theory study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:1611-1620. [PMID: 32107987 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1736161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption property of Sumatriptan drug onto graphene oxide (GO) was studied using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. All possible initial positions of drug adsorption were considered to find out which one is energetically favorable. According to the achieved findings, the stronger interactions occurred between the positively polarized parts of the Sumatriptan (i.e. hydrogen atoms of the-OH and -NH parts) and negatively polarized oxygen atoms of the GO. The presence of non-covalent interactions of GO and Sumatriptan was confirmed based on the determined geometrical parameters, electronic structure analysis results, and adsorption energies. Different parameters such as frontier molecular orbital (FMO), natural bond orbital (NBO), dipole moment, and solation energy were investigated. Global indices such as hardness, softness, chemical potential, and electrophilicity of all systems were calculated and compared. The adsorption energy values were determined within the range of -8.39 to -10.59 kcal/mol (-1.87 to -5.67 BSSE corrected) in the water solvent for different adsorption geometries. The obtained results show that GO can act as a promising carrier/sensor for Sumatriptan drug in practical application.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Jafari
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Robabeh Baharfar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Ali Shokuhi Rad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
| | - Sakineh Asghari
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
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7
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Zhang T, Zhu GY, Yu CH, Xie Y, Xia MY, Lu BY, Fei X, Peng Q. The UV absorption of graphene oxide is size-dependent: possible calibration pitfalls. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:207. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3329-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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8
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Suhrland C, Truman JP, Obeid LM, Sitharaman B. Oxidized graphene nanoparticles as a delivery system for the pro-apoptotic sphingolipid C 6 ceramide. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 107:25-37. [PMID: 30422374 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids such as ceramide have attracted much attention as possible anticancer agents due to their potent pro-apoptotic effects. However, due to their extreme hydrophobicity, there is currently no clinically approved delivery method for in vivo use as a therapeutic agent. To this end, we have developed a novel method for loading the short-chain C6 ceramide onto oxidized graphene nanoribbons (O-GNRs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). Mass spectrometry revealed loading efficiencies of 57% and 51.5% for C6 ceramide onto O-GNRs and GNPs, respectively. The PrestoBlue viability assay revealed that 100 µg/mL of C6 ceramide-loaded O-GNRs and C6 ceramide-loaded GNPs reduced HeLa cell viability by approximately 93% and approximately 76%, respectively, compared to untreated HeLa cells, while equal concentrations of these nanoparticles without C6 ceramide did not significantly reduce HeLa cell viability. We confirmed that this cytotoxicity was apoptotic in nature via capase-3 activity and Hoechst staining. Using live-cell confocal imaging with the fluorescent NBD-ceramide loaded on O-GNRs, we observed robust uptake into HeLa cells within 30 min while NBD-ceramide on its own was uptaken much more rapidly. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed that C6 ceramide-loaded O-GNRs were actually entering cells. Taken together, these data show that O-GNRs are a promising delivery agent for ceramide. To our knowledge, this study is the first to use such a loading method. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 25-37, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Suhrland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Jean-Philip Truman
- Department of Medicine and the Stony Brook Cancer Center, Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, New York, New York
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Department of Medicine and the Stony Brook Cancer Center, Health Science Center, Stony Brook University, New York, New York
| | - Balaji Sitharaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
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9
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Wu Y, Wang F, Wang S, Ma J, Xu M, Gao M, Liu R, Chen W, Liu S. Reduction of graphene oxide alters its cyto-compatibility towards primary and immortalized macrophages. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:14637-14650. [PMID: 30028471 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02798f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) and its derivatives (e.g., reduced graphene oxide, RGO) have shown great promise in biomedicine. Although many studies have been conducted to understand the relative cyto-compatibility between GO and RGO materials, the results are inconclusive and controversial. In this study, we compared the biocompatibility aspects (e.g. cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory effects and impairment of cellular morphology) between parental and reduced GOs towards macrophages using primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and J774A.1 cell line. Two RGOs (RGO1 and RGO2) with differential reduction levels relative to the parental GO were prepared. Intriguingly, besides loss of oxygen-containing functional groups, significant morphological alteration of GO occurred, from the sheet-like structure to a polygonal curled shape for RGO, without significant aggregation in biological medium. Cytotoxicity assessment unveiled that the RGOs were more toxic than pristine GO to both types of cells. It was surprising to find for the first time (to our knowledge) that GO and RGOs elicited different effects on the morphological changes of BMDMs, as reflected by elongated protrusions from GO treatment and shortened protrusions from the RGOs. Furthermore, RGOs induced greater pro-inflammatory responses than GO, especially in BMDMs. Compromised cyto-compatibility of RGOs was attributable (at least partially) to their greater oxidative stress in macrophages. Mechanistically, these differences in bio-reactivities between GO and RGO should be boiled down to (at least in part) the synergistic effects from the variation of oxygen-containing functional groups and the distinct morphology in between. This study unearthed the crucial contribution of reduction-mediated detrimental cellular effects between GO and RGO towards macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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10
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Sappati S, Hassanali A, Gebauer R, Ghosh P. Nuclear quantum effects in a HIV/cancer inhibitor: The case of ellipticine. J Chem Phys 2017; 145:205102. [PMID: 27908111 DOI: 10.1063/1.4968046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellipticine is a natural product that is currently being actively investigated for its inhibitory cancer and HIV properties. Here we use path-integral molecular dynamics coupled with excited state calculations to characterize the role of nuclear quantum effects on the structural and electronic properties of ellipticine in water, a common biological solvent. Quantum effects collectively enhance the fluctuations of both light and heavy nuclei of the covalent and hydrogen bonds in ellipticine. In particular, for the ellipticine-water system, where the proton donor and acceptor have different proton affinities, we find that nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) strengthen both the strong and the weak H bonds. This is in contrast to what is observed for the cases where the proton affinity of the donors and acceptors is same. These structural fluctuations cause a significant red-shift in the absorption spectra and an increase in the broadening, bringing it into closer agreement with the experiments. Our work shows that nuclear quantum effects alter both qualitatively and quantitatively the optical properties of this biologically relevant system and highlights the importance of the inclusion of these effects in the microscopic understanding of their optical properties. We propose that isotopic substitution will produce a blue shift and a reduction in the broadening of the absorption peak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrahmanyam Sappati
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411008, India
| | - Ali Hassanali
- Condensed Matter and Statistical Physics Section, The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, I-34151 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ralph Gebauer
- Condensed Matter and Statistical Physics Section, The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, I-34151 Trieste, Italy
| | - Prasenjit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411008, India
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11
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Koninti RK, Palvai S, Satpathi S, Basu S, Hazra P. Loading of an anti-cancer drug into mesoporous silica nano-channels and its subsequent release to DNA. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:18436-18445. [PMID: 27775145 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06285g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nano-channel (MCM-41) based molecular switching of a biologically important anticancer drug, namely, ellipticine (EPT) has been utilized to probe its efficient loading onto MCM-41, and its subsequent release to intra-cellular biomolecules, like DNA. By exploiting various spectroscopic techniques (like, steady state fluorescence, time-resolved fluorescence and circular dichroism), it has been shown that EPT can be easily translocated from MCM-41 to DNA without using any external stimulant. Blue emission of EPT in a polar aprotic solvent, i.e., dichloromethane (DCM), completely switches to green upon loading inside MCM-41 due to the conversion from a neutral to a protonated form of the drug inside nano-pores. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), N2 gas adsorption and confocal fluorescence microscopy results confirm the adsorption of EPT inside the nano-pores of MCM-41. Here, the lysozyme (Lyz) protein has been utilized as a pore blocker of MCM-41 in order to prevent premature drug release. Interestingly, EPT is released to DNA even from the EPT-MCM-Lyz composite system, and results in intensification of green fluorescence. Electron microscopy results reveal the formation of a distinctive garland kind of morphology involving MCM-41 and DNA probably through non-covalent interactions, and this is believed to be responsible for the DNA assisted release of drug molecules from silica nano-pores. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) imaging revealed that EPT-MCM is successfully internalized into the HeLa cervical cancer cells and localized into the nucleus. Cell viability assay results infer that EPT-MCM and EPT-MCM-Lyz showed much improved efficacy in HeLa cancer cells compared to free ellipticine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Koninti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Sandeep Palvai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Sagar Satpathi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Sudipta Basu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Partha Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Maharashtra, India.
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12
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Georgakilas V, Tiwari JN, Kemp KC, Perman JA, Bourlinos AB, Kim KS, Zboril R. Noncovalent Functionalization of Graphene and Graphene Oxide for Energy Materials, Biosensing, Catalytic, and Biomedical Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 116:5464-519. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1608] [Impact Index Per Article: 201.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jitendra N. Tiwari
- Center
for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, Korea
| | - K. Christian Kemp
- Center
for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, Korea
| | - Jason A. Perman
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, 17 Listopadu
1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Athanasios B. Bourlinos
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, 17 Listopadu
1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kwang S. Kim
- Center
for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, Korea
| | - Radek Zboril
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, 17 Listopadu
1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Gavvala K, Koninti RK, Sengupta A, Hazra P. Excited state proton transfer dynamics of an eminent anticancer drug, ellipticine, in octyl glucoside micelle. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 16:14953-60. [PMID: 24931633 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01783h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Photophysics and proton transfer dynamics of an eminent anticancer drug, ellipticine (EPT), have been investigated inside a biocompatible octyl-β-D-glucoside (OBG) micellar medium using steady state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. EPT exists as protonated form in aqueous solution of pH 7. When EPT molecules are encapsulated in OBG micelles, protonated form is converted to neutral form in the ground state due to the hydrophobic effect of the micellar environment. Interestingly, steady state fluorescence results indicate the existence of both neutral and protonated forms of EPT in the excited state, even though neutral molecules are selectively excited, and it is attributed to the conversion of neutral to protonated form of EPT by the excited state proton transfer (ESPT) process. A clear isoemissive point in the time-resolved area normalized emission spectra (TRANES) further supports the excited state conversion of neutral to protonated form of EPT. Notably, this kind of proton transfer dynamics is not observed in other conventional micelles, such as, SDS, Triton-X and CTAB. Therefore, the observed ESPT dynamics is believed to be an outcome of combined effects of the local dielectric constant felt by EPT and the local proton concentration at the OBG micellar surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Gavvala
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune-411008, Maharashtra, India.
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14
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Gavvala K, Satpathi S, Hazra P. pH responsive translocation of an anticancer drug between cyclodextrin and DNA. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19839a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, the pH triggered translocation of EPT in between γ-cyclodextrin and DNA is monitored using fluorescence switch of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Gavvala
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Sagar Satpathi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Partha Hazra
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
- Pune 411008
- India
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Sun W, Lu Y, Gu Z. Advances in Anticancer Protein Delivery Using Micro-/ Nanoparticles. PARTICLE & PARTICLE SYSTEMS CHARACTERIZATION : MEASUREMENT AND DESCRIPTION OF PARTICLE PROPERTIES AND BEHAVIOR IN POWDERS AND OTHER DISPERSE SYSTEMS 2014; 31:1204-1222. [PMID: 27642232 PMCID: PMC5026193 DOI: 10.1002/ppsc.201400140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Proteins exhibiting anticancer activities, especially those capable of discriminately killing cancer cells, have attracted increasing interest in developing protein-based anticancer therapeutics. This progress report surveys recent advances in delivering anticancer proteins directly to tumor tissue for inducing apoptosis/necrosis or indirectly to antigen presenting cells for provoking immune responses. Protein delivery carriers such as inorganic particles, lipid particles, polymeric particles, DNA/protein based biomacromolecular particles as well as cell based carriers are reviewed with comments on their advantages and limitations. Future challenges and opportunities are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujin Sun
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yue Lu
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Zhen Gu
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Sabale PM, George JT, Srivatsan SG. A base-modified PNA-graphene oxide platform as a turn-on fluorescence sensor for the detection of human telomeric repeats. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:10460-9. [PMID: 24981293 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr00878b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Given the biological and therapeutic significance of telomeres and other G-quadruplex forming sequences in human genome, it is highly desirable to develop simple methods to study these structures, which can also be implemented in screening formats for the discovery of G-quadruplex binders. The majority of telomere detection methods developed so far are laborious and use elaborate assay and instrumental setups, and hence, are not amenable to discovery platforms. Here, we describe the development of a simple homogeneous fluorescence turn-on method, which uses a unique combination of an environment-sensitive fluorescent nucleobase analogue, the superior base pairing property of PNA, and DNA-binding and fluorescence quenching properties of graphene oxide, to detect human telomeric DNA repeats of varying lengths. Our results demonstrate that this method, which does not involve a rigorous assay setup, would provide new opportunities to study G-quadruplex structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod M Sabale
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India.
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