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Dwyer AB, Sandy W, Hern FY, Penrhyn-Lowe OB, McKeating S, Flynn S, Wright S, Pate S, Chambon P, Rannard SP. Employing transfer-dominated branching radical telomerisation (TBRT) and atom transfer radical polymerisation (ATRP) to form complex polyester-polymethacrylate branched-linear star copolymer hybrids via orthogonal initiation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:10116-10119. [PMID: 39101208 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02142h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
TBRT and ATRP are orthogonal initiation chemistries used in vinyl polymerisations. Here, we present the first combination of these techniques to readily create high molecular weight branched polyester macroinitiators capable of forming star copolymers from a range of methacrylate monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Dwyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - William Sandy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Faye Y Hern
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Oliver B Penrhyn-Lowe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Samuel McKeating
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Sean Flynn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Stephen Wright
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Sophie Pate
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Pierre Chambon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Steve P Rannard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
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Huang M, Lu J, Han B, Zhang X, Yang W. Synthesis of hypergrafted poly[4-(N,N-diphenylamino)methylstyrene] through tandem anionic-radical polymerization of radical-inimer. Des Monomers Polym 2018; 20:476-484. [PMID: 29491819 PMCID: PMC5784871 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2017.1365577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we present a tandem anionic-radical approach for synthesizing hypergrafted polymers. We prepared 4-(N,N-diphenylamino)methylstyrene (DPAMS) as a new radical-based inimer. Linear PDPAMS was prepared through anionic polymerization. Hypergrafted PDPAMS was synthesized through the self-condensing vinyl polymerization of DPAMS with linear PDPAMS. The linear backbone of PDPAMS, which incorporated latent radical initiating sites, served as a ‘hyperlinker’ to link hyperbranched side chains. The molecular weights of hypergrafted polymers increased as the length of the linear backbone chain increased. The hypergrafted structure of the resulting polymer was confirmed using a conventional gel permeation chromatograph apparatus equipped with a multiangle light scattering detector, nuclear magnetic resonance, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. This strategy can be applied to synthesize other complex architectures based on hyperbranched polymers by changing the structure of a polymer backbone through anionic polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jianmin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Bingyong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xianhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wantai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
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Du M, Deng C, Wu X, Liu H, Liu H. Nitrone Mediated Coupling of Hyperbranched Polymer Radicals. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Du
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Chang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Xiaoran Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Huarong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Hewen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering; University of Science and Technology of China; 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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Huang M, Han B, Lu J, Yang W, Fu Z. Anionic polymerization of p-(2,2'-diphenylethyl)styrene and applications to graft copolymers. Des Monomers Polym 2016; 20:66-73. [PMID: 29491780 PMCID: PMC5812173 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2016.1231044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Well-controlled anionic polymerization of an initiator-functionalized monomer, p-(2,2'-diphenylethyl)styrene (DPES), was achieved for the first time. The polymerization was performed in a mixed solvent of cyclohexane and tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 40 °C with n-BuLi as initiator. When the volume ratio of cyclohexane to THF was 20, the anionic polymerization of DPES showed living polymerization characteristics, and well-defined block copolymer PDPES-b-PS was successfully synthesized. Furthermore, radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate in the presence of PDPES effectively afforded a graft copolymer composed of a polystyrene backbone and poly(methyl methacrylate) branches. The designation of analogous monomers and polymers was of great significance to synthesize a variety of sophisticated copolymer and functionalize polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Bingyong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jianmin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wantai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhifeng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, PR China
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Liu T, Miao X, Geng X, Xing A, Zhang L, Meng Y, Li X. Control-synthesized multilayer hyperbranched–hyperbranched polyethers with a tunable molecular weight and an invariant degree of branching. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj02895g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multilayer hyperbranched–hyperbranched polyethers with a tunable Mn and an invariant DB were reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers
| | - Xuepei Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers
| | - Xinxin Geng
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
| | - An Xing
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
| | - Liangdong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Yan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers
- Ministry of Education
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
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