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Schmitthenner HF, Barrett TM, Beach SA, Heese LE, Weidman C, Dobson DE, Mahoney ER, Schug NC, Jones KG, Durmaz C, Otasowie O, Aronow S, Lee YP, Ophardt HD, Becker AE, Hornak JP, Evans IM, Ferran MC. Modular Synthesis of Peptide-Based Single- and Multimodal Targeted Molecular Imaging Agents. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:5435-5448. [PMID: 35006725 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A practical, modular synthesis of targeted molecular imaging agents (TMIAs) containing near-infrared dyes for optical molecular imaging (OMI) or chelated metals for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single-photon emission correlation tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET) has been developed. In the method, imaging modules are formed early in the synthesis by attaching imaging agents to the side chain of protected lysines. These modules may be assembled to provide a given set of single- or dual-modal imaging agents, which may be conjugated in the last steps of the synthesis under mild conditions to linkers and targeting groups. A key discovery was the ability of a metal such as gadolinium, useful in MRI, to serve as a protecting group for the chelator, 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA). It was further discovered that two lanthanide metals, La and Ce, can double as protecting groups and placeholder metals, which may be transmetalated under mild conditions by metals used for PET in the final step. The modular method enabled the synthesis of discrete targeted probes with two of the same or different dyes, two same or different metals, or mixtures of dyes and metals. The approach was exemplified by the synthesis of single- or dual-modal imaging modules for MRI-OMI, PET-OMI, and PET-MRI, followed by conjugation to the integrin-seeking peptide, c(RGDyK). For Gd modules, their efficacy for MRI was verified by measuring the NMR spin-lattice relaxivity. To validate functional imaging of TMIAs, dual-modal agents containing Cy5.5 were shown to target A549 cancer cells by confocal fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans F Schmitthenner
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Taylor M Barrett
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Stephanie A Beach
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Lauren E Heese
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Chelsea Weidman
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Damien E Dobson
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Emily R Mahoney
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Nicholas C Schug
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Kelsea G Jones
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Ceyda Durmaz
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Osarhuwense Otasowie
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Sean Aronow
- Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Yin Peng Lee
- Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Henry D Ophardt
- Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Amy E Becker
- Chester Carlson Center for Imaging Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Joseph P Hornak
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States.,Chester Carlson Center for Imaging Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Irene M Evans
- Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
| | - Maureen C Ferran
- Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States
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Sanchez LM, Alvarez VA. Advances in Magnetic Noble Metal/Iron-Based Oxide Hybrid Nanoparticles as Biomedical Devices. Bioengineering (Basel) 2019; 6:bioengineering6030075. [PMID: 31466238 PMCID: PMC6784020 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering6030075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the noble metal magnetic hybrid nanoparticles is a really promising topic from both the scientific and the technological points of views, with applications in several fields. Iron oxide materials which are hybridized with noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted increasing interest among researchers because of their cooperative effects on combined magnetic, electronic, photonic, and catalytic activities. This review article contains a summary of magnetic noble metal/iron oxide nanoparticle systems potentially useful in practical biomedical applications. Among the applications, engineered devices for both medical diagnosis and treatments were considered. The preparation to produce different structures, as blends or core-shell structures, of several nanometric systems was also considered. Several characterization techniques available to describe the structure, morphology and different kinds of properties of hybrid nanoparticles are also included in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Sanchez
- Materiales Compuestos Termoplásticos (CoMP), Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP). Av. Colón 10850, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina.
| | - Vera A Alvarez
- Materiales Compuestos Termoplásticos (CoMP), Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP). Av. Colón 10850, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
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3
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Notni J, Wester HJ. A Practical Guide on the Synthesis of Metal Chelates for Molecular Imaging and Therapy by Means of Click Chemistry. Chemistry 2016; 22:11500-8. [PMID: 27333118 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The copper-catalyzed cycloaddition of organic azides and alkynes (CuAAC) is one of the most popular reactions for rapid assembly of multifunctional molecular frameworks from commercially available building blocks. It is also attractive for synthesis of conjugates of multidentate chelate ligands (chelators) with molecular targeting vectors, such as peptides or proteins, which serve as precursors for labeling with metal radionuclides or are useful as MRI contrast agents after Gd(III) complexation. However, applicability of CuAAC for such purposes is complicated by formation of unwanted copper chelates. The alternative use of copper-free click chemistry, for example, the strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) or the Diels-Alder reaction of tetrazines and strained alkenes, entails other specific challenges: Introduction of large, isomerically non-homogeneous and hydrophobic linker groups affects product homogeneity and can severely change pharmacokinetic profiles. Against this background, this review elucidates scope and applicability of both Cu-catalyzed and Cu-free alkyne-azide cycloadditions pertinent to the elaboration of radiometal chelates and MRI contrast agents, with an emphasis on strategies to tackle the problem of copper complexation during CuAAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Notni
- Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Radiochemie, Technische Universität München, Walther-Meißner Strasse 3, 85748, Garching, Germany.
| | - Hans-Jürgen Wester
- Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Radiochemie, Technische Universität München, Walther-Meißner Strasse 3, 85748, Garching, Germany
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Hazari PP, Prakash S, Meena VK, Singh N, Chuttani K, Chadha N, Singh P, Kukreti S, Mishra AK. Synthesis, preclinical evaluation and molecular modelling of macrocyclic appended 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine for 5-HT1A neuroreceptor imaging. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra13432c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient approach in the design and synthesis of a multi-functional chelating agent based on 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine for targeting 5-HT1A receptors in brain was envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Panwar Hazari
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences
- Delhi-110054
- India
| | - Surbhi Prakash
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences
- Delhi-110054
- India
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Virendra Kumar Meena
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences
- Delhi-110054
- India
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Niraj Singh
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences
- Delhi-110054
- India
| | - Krishna Chuttani
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences
- Delhi-110054
- India
| | - Nidhi Chadha
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences
- Delhi-110054
- India
| | - Pooja Singh
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences
- Delhi-110054
- India
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Anil Kumar Mishra
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences
- Delhi-110054
- India
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Zhu J, Wang J, Wang X, Zhu J, Yang Y, Tian J, Cui W, Ge C, Li Y, Pan Y, Gu H. Facile synthesis of magnetic core-shell nanocomposites for MRI and CT bimodal imaging. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:6905-6910. [PMID: 32262539 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00775e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
With the development of nanotechnology, nanocomposites have been used as bimodal contrast agents for magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) imaging. We have developed a facile method for the synthesis of iron oxide@bismuth sulfide magnetic core-shell nanocomposites. These bifunctional nanocomposites can be made water-soluble via PEG coating and present strong MRI/CT contrast enhancement. Evaluation of cytotoxicity by MTT assay shows that the nanocomposites have low cytotoxicity. The results illustrate that the nanocomposites have great potential as bimodal imaging agents for MR/CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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6
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Zhu J, Zhang B, Tian J, Wang J, Chong Y, Wang X, Deng Y, Tang M, Li Y, Ge C, Pan Y, Gu H. Synthesis of heterodimer radionuclide nanoparticles for magnetic resonance and single-photon emission computed tomography dual-modality imaging. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:3392-3395. [PMID: 25584713 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr07255c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a facile synthesis of bifunctional Fe3O4-Ag(125)I heterodimers for use as dual-modality imaging agents in magnetic resonance (MR) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). We introduced (125)I, which is a clinically used radioisotope, as a SPECT reporter, into Fe3O4-Ag heterodimer nanoparticles to provide a new type of bifunctional contrast agent for MRI and SPECT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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7
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Kumar A, Zhang S, Hao G, Hassan G, Ramezani S, Sagiyama K, Lo ST, Takahashi M, Sherry AD, Öz OK, Kovacs Z, Sun X. Molecular platform for design and synthesis of targeted dual-modality imaging probes. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:549-58. [PMID: 25615011 PMCID: PMC4428032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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We report a versatile dendritic structure
based platform for construction
of targeted dual-modality imaging probes. The platform contains multiple
copies of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid
(DOTA) branching out from a 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-N,N′,N″-triacetic
acid (NOTA) core. The specific coordination chemistries of the NOTA
and DOTA moieties offer specific loading of 68/67Ga3+ and Gd3+, respectively, into a common molecular
scaffold. The platform also contains three amino groups which can
potentiate targeted dual-modality imaging of PET/MRI or SPECT/MRI
(PET: positron emission tomography; SPECT: single photon emission
computed tomography; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging) when further
functionalized by targeting vectors of interest. To validate this
design concept, a bimetallic complex was synthesized with six peripheral
Gd-DOTA units and one Ga-NOTA core at the center, whose ion T1 relaxivity per gadolinium atom was measured
to be 15.99 mM–1 s–1 at 20 MHz.
Further, the bimetallic agent demonstrated its anticipated in vivo
stability, tissue distribution, and pharmacokinetic profile when labeled
with 67Ga. When conjugated with a model targeting peptide
sequence, the trivalent construct was able to visualize tumors in
a mouse xenograft model by both PET and MRI via a single dose injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- †Department of Radiology, ‡Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Shanrong Zhang
- †Department of Radiology, ‡Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Guiyang Hao
- †Department of Radiology, ‡Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Gedaa Hassan
- †Department of Radiology, ‡Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Saleh Ramezani
- †Department of Radiology, ‡Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Koji Sagiyama
- †Department of Radiology, ‡Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Su-Tang Lo
- †Department of Radiology, ‡Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Masaya Takahashi
- †Department of Radiology, ‡Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - A Dean Sherry
- †Department of Radiology, ‡Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Orhan K Öz
- †Department of Radiology, ‡Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Zoltan Kovacs
- †Department of Radiology, ‡Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Xiankai Sun
- †Department of Radiology, ‡Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
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Kölmel DK, Nieger M, Bräse S. Highly efficient synthesis of polyfluorinated dendrons suitable for click chemistry. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02804c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new and efficient access to C2v-symmetric dendrons with up to 72 magnetically equivalent fluorine atoms is presented. Those dendrons are well suited to act as potential 19F MRI probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik K. Kölmel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- University of Helsinki
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry
- Finland
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
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9
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Elshan NGRD, Patek R, Vagner J, Mash EA. Spectrophotometric determination and removal of unchelated europium ions from solutions containing Eu-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid chelate-peptide conjugates. Anal Biochem 2014; 464:24-9. [PMID: 25058927 PMCID: PMC4172531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Europium chelates conjugated with peptide ligands are routinely used as probes for conducting in vitro binding experiments. The presence of unchelated Eu ions in these formulations gives high background luminescence and can lead to poor results in binding assays. In our experience, the reported methods for purification of these probes do not achieve adequate removal of unchelated metal ions in a reliable manner. In this work, a xylenol orange-based assay for the quantification of unchelated metal ions was streamlined and used to determine levels of metal ion contamination as well as the success of metal ion removal on attempted purification. We compared the use of Empore chelating disks and Chelex 100 resin for the selective removal of unchelated Eu ions from several Eu-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid chelate-peptide conjugates. Both purification methods gave complete and selective removal of the contaminant metal ions. However, Empore chelating disks were found to give much higher recoveries of the probes under the conditions used. Related to the issue of probe recovery, we also describe a significantly more efficient method for the synthesis of one such probe using Rink amide AM resin in place of Tentagel S resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G R Dayan Elshan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Renata Patek
- The Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Josef Vagner
- The Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Eugene A Mash
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
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10
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Designing reactivity-based responsive lanthanide probes for multicolor detection in biological systems. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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François A, Auzanneau C, Le Morvan V, Galaup C, Godfrey HS, Marty L, Boulay A, Artigau M, Mestre-Voegtlé B, Leygue N, Picard C, Coulais Y, Robert J, Benoist E. A functionalized heterobimetallic99mTc/Re complex as a potential dual-modality imaging probe: synthesis, photophysical properties, cytotoxicity and cellular imaging investigations. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:439-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51968f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Notni J, Hermann P, Dregely I, Wester HJ. Convenient Synthesis of68Ga-Labeled Gadolinium(III) Complexes: Towards Bimodal Responsive Probes for Functional Imaging with PET/MRI. Chemistry 2013; 19:12602-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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