1
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Allahyarov E, Löwen H. Electric field-induced clustering in nanocomposite films of highly polarizable inclusions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 668:587-598. [PMID: 38691967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
A nanocomposite film containing highly polarizable inclusions in a fluid background is explored when an external electric field is applied perpendicular to the planar film. For small electric fields, the induced dipole moments of the inclusions are all polarized in field direction, resulting in a mutual repulsion between the inclusions. Here we show that this becomes qualitatively different for high fields: the total system self-organizes into a state which contains both polarizations, parallel and antiparallel to the external field such that a fraction of the inclusions is counter-polarized to the electric field direction. We attribute this unexpected counter-polarization to the presence of neighboring dipoles which are highly polarized and locally revert the direction of the total electric field. Since dipoles with opposite moments are attractive, the system shows a wealth of novel equilibrium structures for varied inclusion density and electric field strength. These include fluids and solids with homogeneous polarizations as well as equilibrium clusters and demixed states with two different polarization signatures. Based on computer simulations of an linearized polarization model, our results can guide the control of nanocomposites for various applications, including sensing external fields, directing light within plasmonic materials, and controlling the functionality of biological membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elshad Allahyarov
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Theoretical Department, Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences (IVTAN), 13/19 Izhorskaya street, Moscow 125412, Russia; Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7202, United States.
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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2
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Zverev D, Snigireva I, Sorokovikov M, Yunkin V, Kuznetsov S, Snigirev A. Coherent X-ray beam expander based on a multilens interferometer. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:35038-35053. [PMID: 34808948 DOI: 10.1364/oe.434656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A coherent X-ray beam expander based on a multilens interferometer is proposed in this paper. The multilens interferometer allows efficient generation of a highly diverging coherent beam up to several milliradians in the hard X-ray energy range. The optical properties of the interferometer were experimentally demonstrated at the ESRF ID13 undulator beamline (Grenoble, France), using 12.4 keV X-rays. The beam expander allowed us to control the angular size and photon flux density of the formed beam and enabled operation in both coherent and incoherent modes. The experimental results were fully consistent with the theoretical concepts and appropriate computer simulations. Future design improvements and related applications are also discussed.
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3
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Grossmann L, Kinchla AJ, Nolden A, McClements DJ. Standardized methods for testing the quality attributes of plant-based foods: Milk and cream alternatives. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:2206-2233. [PMID: 33547726 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The food industry is creating a diverse range of plant-based alternatives to dairy products, such as milks, creams, yogurts, and cheeses due to the increasing demand from consumers for more sustainable, healthy, and ethical products. These dairy alternatives are often designed to mimic the desirable physicochemical, functional, and sensory properties of real dairy products, such as their appearance, texture, mouthfeel, flavor, and shelf-life. At present, there is a lack of systematic testing methods to characterize the properties of plant-based dairy alternatives. The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate existing methods and recommend a series of standardized tests that could be used to quantify the properties of fluid plant-based milk alternatives (milk and cream). These methods could then be used to facilitate the design of milk alternatives with somewhat similar attributes as real dairy milk by comparing their properties under standardized conditions. Moreover, they could be used to facilitate comparison of the properties of milk alternatives developed in different laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Grossmann
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Amanda J Kinchla
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Alissa Nolden
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
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4
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Medvedskaya P, Lyatun I, Shevyrtalov S, Polikarpov M, Snigireva I, Yunkin V, Snigirev A. Diamond refractive micro-lenses for full-field X-ray imaging and microscopy produced with ion beam lithography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:4773-4785. [PMID: 32121709 DOI: 10.1364/oe.384647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that ion-beam lithography can be applied to the fabrication of rotationally parabolic refractive diamond X-ray micro-lenses that are of interest to the field of high-resolution X-ray focusing and microscopy. Three single half-lenses with curvature radii of 4.8 µm were produced and stacked to form a compound refractive lens, which provided diffraction-limited focusing of X-ray radiation at the P14 beamline of PETRA-III (DESY). As shown with SEM, the lenses are free of expressed low- and high-frequency shape modulations with a figure error of < 200 nm and surface roughness of 30 nm. Precise micro-manipulation and stacking of individual lenses are demonstrated, which opens up new opportunities for compact X-ray microscopy with nanometer resolution.
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5
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Leemreize H, Knudsen EB, Birk JO, Strobl M, Detlefs C, Poulsen HF. Full-field neutron microscopy based on refractive optics. J Appl Crystallogr 2019. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576719012858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Placing a compound refractive lens (CRL) as an objective in a neutron beam generates new possibilities for 2D and 3D nondestructive mapping of the structure, strain and magnetic domains within extended objects. A condenser setup is introduced that allows correction for the lateral chromatic aberration. More generally, for full-field microscopy the loss in performance caused by the chromatic aberration can be more than offset by introducing arrays of CRLs and exploiting the fact that the field of view can be much larger than the physical aperture of the CRL. Comments are made on the manufacture of such devices. The potential use is illustrated by comparisons between state-of-the-art instrumentation and suggested approaches for bright-field microscopy, small-angle neutron scattering microscopy, grain mapping and mapping of stresses. Options are discussed for depth-resolved imaging inspired by confocal light microscopy. Finally, experimental demonstrations are given of some of the basic properties of neutron full-field imaging for a single CRL.
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6
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Chumakov AP, Napolskii KS, Petukhov AV, Snigirev AA, Snigireva II, Roslyakov IV, Grigoriev SV. High-resolution SAXS setup with tuneable resolution in direct and reciprocal space: a new tool to study ordered nanostructures. J Appl Crystallogr 2019. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576719011221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel compact small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) setup with tuneable resolution in both direct and reciprocal space has been designed and tested for the study of nanostructured materials with a hierarchical structure. The setup exploits a set of compound refractive lenses that focus the X-ray beam at the detector position. Anodic alumina membranes with a self-ordered porous structure were chosen as test samples. The setup allows patterns to be collected with a minimum scattering vector value of 0.001 nm−1 and gives the possibility for an easy continuous switch between taking high-resolution statistically averaged diffraction data of macroscopically large sample volumes and lower-resolution diffraction on a small single domain of the anodic aluminium oxide film. It is revealed that the pores are longitudinal and their ordering within each domain tends towards the ideal hexagonal structure, whereas the in-plane orientation of the pore arrays changes from domain to domain. The possible advantages and disadvantages of the proposed compact SAXS scheme are discussed.
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7
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Lyatun S, Zverev D, Ershov P, Lyatun I, Konovalov O, Snigireva I, Snigirev A. X-ray reflecto-interferometer based on compound refractive lenses. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2019; 26:1572-1581. [PMID: 31490146 PMCID: PMC6730623 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519007896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An X-ray amplitude-splitting interferometer based on compound refractive lenses, which operates in the reflection mode, is proposed and realized. The idea of a reflecto-interferometer is to use a very simplified experimental setup where a focused X-ray beam reflected from parallel flat surfaces creates an interference pattern in a wide angular range. The functional capabilities of the interferometer were experimentally tested at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) ID06 beamline in the X-ray energy range from 10 keV to 15 keV. The main features of the proposed approach, high spatial and temporal resolution, were demonstrated experimentally. The reflections from free-standing Si3N4 membranes, gold and resist layers were studied. Experimentally recorded interferograms are in good agreement with our simulations. The main advantages and future possible applications of the reflecto-interferometer are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Lyatun
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 14 Nevskogo, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - D. Zverev
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 14 Nevskogo, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - P. Ershov
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 14 Nevskogo, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - I. Lyatun
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 14 Nevskogo, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - O. Konovalov
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - I. Snigireva
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - A. Snigirev
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 14 Nevskogo, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
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8
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Narikovich A, Polikarpov M, Barannikov A, Klimova N, Lushnikov A, Lyatun I, Bourenkov G, Zverev D, Panormov I, Sinitsyn A, Snigireva I, Snigirev A. CRL-based ultra-compact transfocator for X-ray focusing and microscopy. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2019; 26:1208-1212. [PMID: 31274445 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519005708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A new ultra-compact transfocator (UCTF) based on X-ray compound refractive lenses (CRLs) is presented. The device can be used to change the number of one- and two-dimensional focusing CRLs by moving the individual parabolic lenses one-by-one independently, thus providing permanent energy and focal-length tunability for scanning and full-field X-ray microscopy applications. The small overall size and light weight of the device allow it to be integrated in any synchrotron beamline, while even simplifying the experimental layout. The UCTF was tested at the Excillium MetalJet microfocus X-ray source and at the P14 EMBL (PETRA-III) beamline, demonstrating high mechanical stability and lens positioning repeatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Narikovich
- Immauel Kant Baltic Federal University, Nevskogo 14, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Maxim Polikarpov
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, Notkestraße 85, 25a, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Barannikov
- Immauel Kant Baltic Federal University, Nevskogo 14, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Nataliya Klimova
- Immauel Kant Baltic Federal University, Nevskogo 14, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Anatoly Lushnikov
- Immauel Kant Baltic Federal University, Nevskogo 14, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan Lyatun
- Immauel Kant Baltic Federal University, Nevskogo 14, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Gleb Bourenkov
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, Notkestraße 85, 25a, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dmitrii Zverev
- Immauel Kant Baltic Federal University, Nevskogo 14, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Igor Panormov
- Immauel Kant Baltic Federal University, Nevskogo 14, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Sinitsyn
- Immauel Kant Baltic Federal University, Nevskogo 14, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Snigireva
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Anatoly Snigirev
- Immauel Kant Baltic Federal University, Nevskogo 14, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
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9
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van der Hoeven JES, van der Wee EB, de Winter DAM, Hermes M, Liu Y, Fokkema J, Bransen M, van Huis MA, Gerritsen HC, de Jongh PE, van Blaaderen A. Bridging the gap: 3D real-space characterization of colloidal assemblies via FIB-SEM tomography. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:5304-5316. [PMID: 30843546 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09753d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Insight in the structure of nanoparticle assemblies up to a single particle level is key to understand the collective properties of these assemblies, which critically depend on the individual particle positions and orientations. However, the characterization of large, micron sized assemblies containing small, 10-500 nanometer, sized colloids is highly challenging and cannot easily be done with the conventional light, electron or X-ray microscopy techniques. Here, we demonstrate that focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) tomography in combination with image processing enables quantitative real-space studies of ordered and disordered particle assemblies too large for conventional transmission electron tomography, containing particles too small for confocal microscopy. First, we demonstrate the high resolution structural analysis of spherical nanoparticle assemblies, containing small anisotropic gold nanoparticles. Herein, FIB-SEM tomography allows the characterization of assembly dimensions which are inaccessible to conventional transmission electron microscopy. Next, we show that FIB-SEM tomography is capable of characterizing much larger ordered and disordered assemblies containing silica colloids with a diameter close to the resolution limit of confocal microscopes. We determined both the position and the orientation of each individual (nano)particle in the assemblies by using recently developed particle tracking routines. Such high precision structural information is essential in the understanding and design of the collective properties of new nanoparticle based materials and processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessi E S van der Hoeven
- Soft Condensed Matter and Biophysics, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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10
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Pal A, Zinn T, Kamal MA, Narayanan T, Schurtenberger P. Anomalous Dynamics of Magnetic Anisotropic Colloids Studied by XPCS. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1802233. [PMID: 30102453 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201802233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The influence of an applied magnetic field on the collective dynamics of novel anisotropic colloidal particles whose shape resembles peanuts is reported. Being made up of hematite cores and silica shells, these micrometer-sized particles align in a direction perpendicular to the applied external magnetic field, and assemble into chains along the field direction. The anisotropic dynamics of these particles is investigated using multispeckle ultrasmall-angle X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (USA-XPCS). The results indicate that along the direction of the magnetic field, the particle dynamics strongly depends on the length scale probed. Here, the relaxation of the intermediate scattering function follows a compressed exponential behavior at large distances, while it appears diffusive at distances comparable or smaller than the particle size. Perpendicular to the applied field (and along the direction of gravity), the experimental data can be quantitatively reproduced by a combination of an advective term originating from sedimentation and a purely diffusive one that describes the thermal diffusion of the assembled chains and individual particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antara Pal
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Zinn
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Mohammad Arif Kamal
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Peter Schurtenberger
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
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11
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Kohn VG. Transmission of an X-ray beam through a two-dimensional photonic crystal and the Talbot effect. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2018; 25:425-431. [PMID: 29488922 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577517018495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Results of computer simulations of the transmission of an X-ray beam through a two-dimensional photonic crystal as well as the propagation of an X-ray beam in free space behind the photonic crystal are reported. The photonic crystal consists of a square lattice of silicon cylinders of diameter 0.5 µm. The amount of matter in the path of the X-ray beam rapidly decreases at the sides of the cylinder projections. Therefore the transmission is localized near the boundaries, and appears like a channeling effect. The iterative method of computer simulations is applied. This method is similar to the multi-slice method that is widely used in electron microscopy. It allows a solution to be obtained with acceptable accuracy. A peculiarity in the intensity distribution inside the Talbot period zT in free space was found when the intensity is approximately equal to the initial value at a distance 0.46zT, and it is shifted by half a period at distance 0.5zT. The reason for this effect is the existence of a periodic phase of the wavefunction of radiation inside the intensity peaks. Simulations with zero phase do not show this effect. Symmetry rules for the Talbot effect are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Kohn
- National Research Centre `Kurchatov Institute', Kurchatov Square 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
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12
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Kolodziej T, Stoupin S, Grizolli W, Krzywinski J, Shi X, Kim KJ, Qian J, Assoufid L, Shvyd'ko Y. Efficiency and coherence preservation studies of Be refractive lenses for XFELO application. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2018; 25:354-360. [PMID: 29488913 DOI: 10.1107/s160057751701699x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Performance tests of parabolic beryllium refractive lenses, considered as X-ray focusing elements in the future X-ray free-electron laser oscillator (XFELO), are reported. Single and double refractive lenses were subject to X-ray tests, which included: surface profile, transmissivity measurements, imaging capabilities and wavefront distortion with grating interferometry. Optical metrology revealed that surface profiles were close to the design specification in terms of the figure and roughness. The transmissivity of the lenses is >94% at 8 keV and >98% at 14.4 and 18 keV. These values are close to the theoretical values of ideal lenses. Images of the bending-magnet source obtained with the lenses were close to the expected ones and did not show any significant distortion. Grating interferometry revealed that the possible wavefront distortions produced by surface and bulk lens imperfections were on the level of ∼λ/60 for 8 keV photons. Thus the Be lenses can be succesfully used as focusing and beam collimating elements in the XFELO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kolodziej
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Stanislav Stoupin
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Walan Grizolli
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Jacek Krzywinski
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Xianbo Shi
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Kwang Je Kim
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Jun Qian
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Lahsen Assoufid
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Yuri Shvyd'ko
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
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13
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Lazarev S, Besedin I, Zozulya AV, Meijer JM, Dzhigaev D, Gorobtsov OY, Kurta RP, Rose M, Shabalin AG, Sulyanova EA, Zaluzhnyy I, Menushenkov AP, Sprung M, Petukhov AV, Vartanyants IA. Ptychographic X-Ray Imaging of Colloidal Crystals. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:1702575. [PMID: 29171683 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201702575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Ptychographic coherent X-ray imaging is applied to obtain a projection of the electron density of colloidal crystals, which are promising nanoscale materials for optoelectronic applications and important model systems. Using the incident X-ray wavefield reconstructed by mixed states approach, a high resolution and high contrast image of the colloidal crystal structure is obtained by ptychography. The reconstructed colloidal crystal reveals domain structure with an average domain size of about 2 µm. Comparison of the domains formed by the basic close-packed structures, allows us to conclude on the absence of pure hexagonal close-packed domains and confirms the presence of random hexagonal close-packed layers with predominantly face-centered cubic structure within the analyzed part of the colloidal crystal film. The ptychography reconstruction shows that the final structure is complicated and may contain partial dislocations leading to a variation of the stacking sequence in the lateral direction. As such in this work, X-ray ptychography is extended to high resolution imaging of crystalline samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Lazarev
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU), pr. Lenina 30, 634050, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ilya Besedin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, 115409, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey V Zozulya
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Janne-Mieke Meijer
- Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterial Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dmitry Dzhigaev
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oleg Yu Gorobtsov
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ruslan P Kurta
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Max Rose
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anatoly G Shabalin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elena A Sulyanova
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography RAS, Leninskii pr. 59, 119333, Moscow, Russia
| | - IvanA Zaluzhnyy
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, 115409, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey P Menushenkov
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, 115409, Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael Sprung
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrei V Petukhov
- Van't Hoff Laboratory for Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterial Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Ivan A Vartanyants
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607, Hamburg, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, 115409, Moscow, Russia
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14
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Nho HW, Yoon TH. Structural colour of unary and binary colloidal crystals probed by scanning transmission X-ray microscopy and optical microscopy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12424. [PMID: 28963560 PMCID: PMC5622058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12831-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Colloidal crystals composed of micro- or nano- colloids have been investigated in various fields such as photonics due to their unique optical properties. Binary colloidal crystals have an outstanding potential for fine-tuning material properties by changing the components, concentration, or size of colloids. Because of their tunable optical, electrical, magnetic, and mechanical properties, those materials attracted great attention. However, it has been hard to elucidate internal structures without fluorescent labelling or cross-sectioning. Here, we demonstrate the structural analysis of not only unary but also binary colloidal crystals using scanning transmission x-ray microscopy and compare the results with colloidal structures and optical properties observed by optical microscopy. Based on the comparison of images obtained by these two methods, the domains of colloidal crystals consisting of different structures and colours were directly identified without any additional sample preparation. Therefore, it was possible to investigate the structural colours of local domains of unary and binary colloidal crystals such as the face centred cubic (FCC) structure with different orientations, that is FCC (111) and FCC (001), and hexagonal close-packed structure, HCP (0001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Nho
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04762, Republic of Korea.,LG Chem R&D Campus Daejeon, Daejeon, 34122, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04762, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Sonin AS, Churochkina NA, Kaznacheev AV, Golovanov AV. Mineral liquid crystals. COLLOID JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x17040159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Shabalin AG, Meijer JM, Dronyak R, Yefanov OM, Singer A, Kurta RP, Lorenz U, Gorobtsov OY, Dzhigaev D, Kalbfleisch S, Gulden J, Zozulya AV, Sprung M, Petukhov AV, Vartanyants IA. Revealing Three-Dimensional Structure of an Individual Colloidal Crystal Grain by Coherent X-Ray Diffractive Imaging. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:138002. [PMID: 27715114 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.138002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present results of a coherent x-ray diffractive imaging experiment performed on a single colloidal crystal grain. The full three-dimensional (3D) reciprocal space map measured by an azimuthal rotational scan contained several orders of Bragg reflections together with the coherent interference signal between them. Applying the iterative phase retrieval approach, the 3D structure of the crystal grain was reconstructed and positions of individual colloidal particles were resolved. As a result, an exact stacking sequence of hexagonal close-packed layers including planar and linear defects were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Shabalin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- A.V. Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography RAS, Leninskii pr. 59, 119333 Moscow, Russia
| | - J-M Meijer
- Van 't Hoff laboratory for Physical and Colloid chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3508 TB Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - R Dronyak
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - O M Yefanov
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Singer
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R P Kurta
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - U Lorenz
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - O Y Gorobtsov
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- NRC Kurchatov Institute, pl. Akademika Kurchatova, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - D Dzhigaev
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - S Kalbfleisch
- Institute for X-Ray Physics, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - J Gulden
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A V Zozulya
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Sprung
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A V Petukhov
- Van 't Hoff laboratory for Physical and Colloid chemistry, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3508 TB Utrecht, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - I A Vartanyants
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Kashirskoe shosse 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia
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17
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Nho HW, Kalegowda Y, Shin HJ, Yoon TH. Nanoscale characterization of local structures and defects in photonic crystals using synchrotron-based transmission soft X-ray microscopy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24488. [PMID: 27087141 PMCID: PMC4834481 DOI: 10.1038/srep24488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
For the structural characterization of the polystyrene (PS)-based photonic crystals (PCs), fast and direct imaging capabilities of full field transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM) were demonstrated at soft X-ray energy. PS-based PCs were prepared on an O2-plasma treated Si3N4 window and their local structures and defects were investigated using this label-free TXM technique with an image acquisition speed of ~10 sec/frame and marginal radiation damage. Micro-domains of face-centered cubic (FCC (111)) and hexagonal close-packed (HCP (0001)) structures were dominantly found in PS-based PCs, while point and line defects, FCC (100), and 12-fold symmetry structures were also identified as minor components. Additionally, in situ observation capability for hydrated samples and 3D tomographic reconstruction of TXM images were also demonstrated. This soft X-ray full field TXM technique with faster image acquisition speed, in situ observation, and 3D tomography capability can be complementally used with the other X-ray microscopic techniques (i.e., scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, STXM) as well as conventional characterization methods (e.g., electron microscopic and optical/fluorescence microscopic techniques) for clearer structure identification of self-assembled PCs and better understanding of the relationship between their structures and resultant optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Nho
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yogesh Kalegowda
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joon Shin
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory and Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
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18
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McClements J, McClements DJ. Standardization of Nanoparticle Characterization: Methods for Testing Properties, Stability, and Functionality of Edible Nanoparticles. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2015; 56:1334-62. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2014.970267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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19
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Palberg T. Crystallization kinetics of colloidal model suspensions: recent achievements and new perspectives. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:333101. [PMID: 25035303 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/33/333101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal model systems allow studying crystallization kinetics under fairly ideal conditions, with rather well-characterized pair interactions and minimized external influences. In complementary approaches experiment, analytic theory and simulation have been employed to study colloidal solidification in great detail. These studies were based on advanced optical methods, careful system characterization and sophisticated numerical methods. Over the last decade, both the effects of the type, strength and range of the pair-interaction between the colloidal particles and those of the colloid-specific polydispersity have been addressed in a quantitative way. Key parameters of crystallization have been derived and compared to those of metal systems. These systematic investigations significantly contributed to an enhanced understanding of the crystallization processes in general. Further, new fundamental questions have arisen and (partially) been solved over the last decade: including, for example, a two-step nucleation mechanism in homogeneous nucleation, choice of the crystallization pathway, or the subtle interplay of boundary conditions in heterogeneous nucleation. On the other hand, via the application of both gradients and external fields the competition between different nucleation and growth modes can be controlled and the resulting microstructure be influenced. The present review attempts to cover the interesting developments that have occurred since the turn of the millennium and to identify important novel trends, with particular focus on experimental aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Palberg
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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20
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Kohn VG, Snigireva I, Snigirev A. Propagation of an X-ray beam modified by a photonic crystal. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2014; 21:729-735. [PMID: 24971967 DOI: 10.1107/s160057751401056x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A method of calculating the transmission of hard X-ray radiation through a perfect and well oriented photonic crystal and the propagation of the X-ray beam modified by a photonic crystal in free space is developed. The method is based on the approximate solution of the paraxial equation at short distances, from which the recurrent formula for X-ray propagation at longer distances is derived. A computer program for numerical simulation of images of photonic crystals at distances just beyond the crystal up to several millimetres was created. Calculations were performed for Ni inverted photonic crystals with the [111] axis of the face-centred-cubic structure for distances up to 0.4 mm with a step size of 4 µm. Since the transverse periods of the X-ray wave modulation are of several hundred nanometres, the intensity distribution of such a wave is changed significantly over the distance of several micrometres. This effect is investigated for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Kohn
- National Research Center `Kurchatov Institute', Kurchatov Square 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia
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