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Fan Z, Li B, Ren D, Xu M. Recent Progress of Low Dielectric and High-Performance Polybenzoxazine-Based Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3933. [PMID: 37835982 PMCID: PMC10575129 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapid advancement of intelligent electronics, big data platforms, and other cutting-edge technologies, traditional low dielectric polymer matrix composites are no longer sufficient to satisfy the application requirements of high-end electronic information materials, particularly in the realm of high integration and high-frequency, high-speed electronic communication device manufacturing. Consequently, resin-based composites with exceptional low dielectric properties have garnered unprecedented attention. In recent years, benzoxazine-based composites have piqued the interest of scholars in the fields of high-temperature-resistant, low dielectric electronic materials due to their remarkable attributes such as high strength, high modulus, high heat resistance, low curing shrinkage, low thermal expansion coefficient, and excellent flame retardancy. This article focuses on the design and development of modification of polybenzoxazine based on low dielectric polybenzoxazine modification methods. Studies on manufacturing polybenzoxazine co-polymers and benzoxazine-based nanocomposites have also been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mingzhen Xu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; (Z.F.); (B.L.); (D.R.)
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Sriharshitha S, Krishnadevi K, Prasanna D. Vitrimers trigger covalent bonded bio-silica fused composite materials for recycling, reshaping, and self-healing applications. RSC Adv 2022; 12:26934-26944. [PMID: 36275168 PMCID: PMC9490535 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03794g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a recycling, reshaping, and self-healing strategy was followed for polybenzoxazine through S-S bond cleavage reformation in vitrimers, and the supramolecular interactions are described. The E-ap benzoxazine monomer was synthesized through the Mannich condensation reaction using a renewable eugenol, 3-amino-1-propanol and paraformaldehyde. Furthermore, the E-3ap monomer was reinforced with various weight percentages (5, 10, and 15 wt%) of the thiol-ene group. Various weight percentages of functionalized bio-silica (BS) were also copolymerized with E-3ap (10%-SH) to increase the thermal stability. The structure of the monomers was confirmed by NMR and FT-IR analysis and the thermal properties of the cured materials were analyzed by DSC and TGA. Tensile test was used to study the mechanical property of the poly(E-3ap-co-SH)/BS material. The film was characterized by SEM and optical microscopy to investigate the self-healing properties of the poly(E-3ap-co-thiol-ene)/BS. Moreover, photos and video clips show the self-healing ability of a test specimen. The vitrimer-based renewable polybenzoxazine material exhibits a good recycling, reshaping, and self-healing abilities, and thus is a prime candidate for several industrial and engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salendra Sriharshitha
- Polymer Composites Lab, Division of Chemistry, Department of Sciences & Humanities, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research (Deemed to Be University) Guntur Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Krishnamoorthy Krishnadevi
- Polymer Composites Lab, Division of Chemistry, Department of Sciences & Humanities, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research (Deemed to Be University) Guntur Andhra Pradesh India
- Department of Chemistry, Vignan Degree & PG College Guntur Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Dakshinamoorthy Prasanna
- Department of Chemistry, Vignan's Nirula Institute of Technology and Science for Women Guntur Andhra Pradesh India
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Mukherjee S, Amarnath N, Lochab B. Oxazine Ring-Substituted 4th Generation Benzoxazine Monomers & Polymers: Stereoelectronic Effect of Phenyl Substituents on Thermal Properties. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Mukherjee
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Greater Noida Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Nagarjuna Amarnath
- Polymeric Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Wiener Srasse 12, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Bimlesh Lochab
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Greater Noida Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
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Machado I, Shaer C, Hurdle K, Calado V, Ishida H. Towards the Development of Green Flame Retardancy by Polybenzoxazines. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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Mat Rozi N, Hamid HA, Hossain MS, Khalil NA, Ahmad Yahaya AN, Syimir Fizal AN, Haris MY, Ahmad N, Zulkifli M. Enhanced Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Modified Oil Palm Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Composite via Multi-Objective Optimization of In Situ Silica Sol-Gel Synthesis. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193338. [PMID: 34641152 PMCID: PMC8512579 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A multi-objective optimization of in situ sol-gel process was conducted in preparing oil palm fiber-reinforced polypropylene (OPF-PP) composite for an enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and butylamine were used as precursors and catalysts for the sol-gel process. The face-centered central composite design (FCCD) experiments coupled with response surface methodology (RSM) has been utilized to optimize in situ silica sol-gel process. The optimization process showed that the drying time after the in-situ silica sol-gel process was the most influential factor on silica content, while the molar ratio of TEOS to water gave the most significant effect on silica residue. The maximum silica content of 34.1% and the silica residue of 35.9% were achieved under optimum conditions of 21.3 h soaking time, 50 min drying time, pH value of 9.26, and 1:4 molar ratio of TEOS to water. The untreated oil palm fiber (OPF) and silica sol-gel modified OPF (SiO2-OPF) were used as the reinforcing fibers, with PP as a matrix and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAgPP) as a compatibilizer for the fiber-reinforced PP matrix (SiO2-OPF-PP-MAgPP) composites preparation. The mechanical and thermal properties of OPF-PP, SiO2-OPF-PP, SiO2-OPF-PP-MAgPP composites, and pure PP were determined. It was found that the OPF-S-PP-MAgPP composite had the highest toughness and stiffness with values of tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation at break of 30.9 MPa, 881.8 MPa, and 15.1%, respectively. The thermal properties analyses revealed that the OPF-S-PP-MAgPP exhibited the highest thermally stable inflection point at 477 °C as compared to pure PP and other composites formulations. The finding of the present study showed that the SiO2-OPF had the potential to use as a reinforcing agent to enhance the thermal-mechanical properties of the composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrullah Mat Rozi
- Green Chemistry and Sustainability Cluster, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia; (N.M.R.); (H.A.H.); (N.A.K.); (A.N.A.Y.); (A.N.S.F.)
| | - Hamidah Abdul Hamid
- Green Chemistry and Sustainability Cluster, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia; (N.M.R.); (H.A.H.); (N.A.K.); (A.N.A.Y.); (A.N.S.F.)
| | - Md. Sohrab Hossain
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (M.S.H.); (M.Z.); Tel.: +60-46535206 (M.S.H.); +60-65512085 (M.Z.); Fax: +60-46533678 (M.S.H.); +60-65512001 (M.Z.)
| | - Nor Afifah Khalil
- Green Chemistry and Sustainability Cluster, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia; (N.M.R.); (H.A.H.); (N.A.K.); (A.N.A.Y.); (A.N.S.F.)
| | - Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya
- Green Chemistry and Sustainability Cluster, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia; (N.M.R.); (H.A.H.); (N.A.K.); (A.N.A.Y.); (A.N.S.F.)
| | - Ahmad Noor Syimir Fizal
- Green Chemistry and Sustainability Cluster, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia; (N.M.R.); (H.A.H.); (N.A.K.); (A.N.A.Y.); (A.N.S.F.)
| | - Mohd Yusoff Haris
- Aerocomposite Cluster, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Norkhairi Ahmad
- Industrial Linkages Section, Branch Campus Malaysian France Institute, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, 43650 Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Muzafar Zulkifli
- Green Chemistry and Sustainability Cluster, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia; (N.M.R.); (H.A.H.); (N.A.K.); (A.N.A.Y.); (A.N.S.F.)
- Aerocomposite Cluster, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology, University Kuala Lumpur, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (M.S.H.); (M.Z.); Tel.: +60-46535206 (M.S.H.); +60-65512085 (M.Z.); Fax: +60-46533678 (M.S.H.); +60-65512001 (M.Z.)
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Carbazole terminal phenylene core imine skeletal nanosilica reinforced polybenzoxazine (nSi$${\mathrm O}_2$$/PBZ) hybrid nanocomposites. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02756-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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7
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Lochab B, Monisha M, Amarnath N, Sharma P, Mukherjee S, Ishida H. Review on the Accelerated and Low-Temperature Polymerization of Benzoxazine Resins: Addition Polymerizable Sustainable Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1260. [PMID: 33924552 PMCID: PMC8069336 DOI: 10.3390/polym13081260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their outstanding and versatile properties, polybenzoxazines have quickly occupied a great niche of applications. Developing the ability to polymerize benzoxazine resin at lower temperatures than the current capability is essential in taking advantage of these exceptional properties and remains to be most challenging subject in the field. The current review is classified into several parts to achieve this goal. In this review, fundamentals on the synthesis and evolution of structure, which led to classification of PBz in different generations, are discussed. Classifications of PBzs are defined depending on building block as well as how structure is evolved and property obtained. Progress on the utility of biobased feedstocks from various bio-/waste-mass is also discussed and compared, wherever possible. The second part of review discusses the probable polymerization mechanism proposed for the ring-opening reactions. This is complementary to the third section, where the effect of catalysts/initiators has on triggering polymerization at low temperature is discussed extensively. The role of additional functionalities in influencing the temperature of polymerization is also discussed. There has been a shift in paradigm beyond the lowering of ring-opening polymerization (ROP) temperature and other areas of interest, such as adaptation of molecular functionality with simultaneous improvement of properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimlesh Lochab
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India; (M.M.); (N.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Monisha Monisha
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India; (M.M.); (N.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Nagarjuna Amarnath
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India; (M.M.); (N.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Pratibha Sharma
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India;
| | - Sourav Mukherjee
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India; (M.M.); (N.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Hatsuo Ishida
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 441067202, USA
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Semerci E, Bedri TE, Kizilcan N. Preparation of thermal conductive Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Silicon nitride nanocomposites via click chemistry. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Xiao Y, Li L, Cai H, Liu F, Zhang S, Feng J, Jiang Y, Feng J. In situ co‐polymerization of high‐performance polybenzoxazine/silica aerogels for flame‐retardancy and thermal insulation. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Xiao
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha China
| | - Liangjun Li
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha China
| | - Huafei Cai
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha China
| | - Fengqi Liu
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha China
| | - Sizhao Zhang
- China‐Australia International Institute for Mineral, Metallurgy and Materials Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Nanchang Jiangxi China
| | - Junzong Feng
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha China
| | - Yonggang Jiang
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha China
| | - Jian Feng
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha China
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10
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Eco-friendly fully bio-based polybenzoxazine-silica hybrid materials by sol–gel approach. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03309-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Developing Further Versatility in Benzoxazine Synthesis via Hydrolytic Ring-Opening. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12030694. [PMID: 32245037 PMCID: PMC7182906 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, 2-(aminomethyl)phenol and its derivatives, the reactants for 2-substituted 1,3-benzoxazines, are synthesized by HCl hydrolysis from the typical benzoxazines. The phenol/aniline-based mono-oxazine benzoxazine, PH-a, and the bisphenol A/aniline-based bis-oxazine benzoxazine, BA-a, are used as examples to demonstrate the feasibility of this new approach. Their chemical structures are characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies, and are further verified by elementary analysis. Their thermal properties are studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). These two 2-(aminomethyl) phenolic derivatives are reacted with paraformaldehyde to close the oxazine rings. A benzoxazine with a phenyl substituent at the 2-position of the oxazine ring is obtained from the 2-((phenylamino)methyl)phenol (hPH-a) and benzaldehyde. All these results highlight the success of the HCl hydrolysis and the formation of stable intermediates, namely 2-(aminomethyl) phenolic derivatives, from readily available benzoxazine monomers. This further demonstrates the feasibility of using these intermediates as reactants for a novel benzoxazine synthesis.
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12
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Dayo AQ, Cao XM, Cai WA, Song S, Wang J, Zegaoui A, Derradji M, Xu YL, Wang AR, Liu WB, Gong LD. Synthesis of benzophenone-center bisphenol-A containing phthalonitrile monomer (BBaph) and its copolymerization with P-a benzoxazine. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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Xu YL, Dayo AQ, Derradji M, Wang J, Liu WB, Song S, Tang T. Copolymerization of bisphthalonitrile/benzoxazine blends: Curing behavior, thermomechanical and thermal properties. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kumar SR, Mohan SK, Dhanasekaran J. Novel glass fabric-reinforced polybenzoxazine–silicate composites with polyvinyl butyral for high service temperature applications. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj02597e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop novel glass fabric-reinforced polybenzoxazine–silicate composites with enhanced performances, which can overcome the disadvantages related to the low crosslink density of glass fabric-reinforced polybenzoxazine composites.
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Prabunathan P, Thennarasu P, Song JK, Alagar M. Achieving low dielectric, surface free energy and UV shielding green nanocomposites via reinforcing bio-silica aerogel with polybenzoxazine. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj00138j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Silica aerogel (SA) derived from rice husk ash was functionalized using benzoxazine terminated silane (FSA) and was used as a nanoreinforcement for industrial valuable resin polybenzoxazine (PBZ) in order to achieve low dielectric, to improve the surface as hydrophobic and to enhance the UV shielding behavior of the resulting nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Prabunathan
- Department of Handloom and Textile Technology
- Indian Institute of Handloom Technology Salem
- Salem-636001
- India
- Display Device and Material Lab
| | - P. Thennarasu
- Department of Handloom and Textile Technology
- Indian Institute of Handloom Technology Salem
- Salem-636001
- India
| | - J. K. Song
- Display Device and Material Lab
- School of Electronic & Electrical Engineering
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746
- South Korea
| | - M. Alagar
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Material Manufacturing
- Processing and Characterization (CoExAMMPC)
- VFSTR University
- Vadlamudi
- India
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Wang S, Wang DK, Jack KS, Smart S, Diniz da Costa JC. Improved hydrothermal stability of silica materials prepared from ethyl silicate 40. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12483a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrothermally stable ES40-derived silica matrices with less than 30% pore volume loss are closely associated with a more open silica microstructure formed from thermal consolidation of larger silica particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Wang
- The University of Queensland
- FIMLab – Films and Inorganic Membrane Laboratory
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - David K. Wang
- The University of Queensland
- FIMLab – Films and Inorganic Membrane Laboratory
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Kevin S. Jack
- The University of Queensland
- Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Simon Smart
- The University of Queensland
- FIMLab – Films and Inorganic Membrane Laboratory
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - João C. Diniz da Costa
- The University of Queensland
- FIMLab – Films and Inorganic Membrane Laboratory
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Brisbane
- Australia
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