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Shen J, Li S, Yao Z, Lin S, Cui X. Base-promoted Cyclization Reaction of o-Isothiocyanato Arylacetylenes and Aroylacetonitriles: Easy Access to Benzo[d][1,3]thiazines. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7236-7240. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01424f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A green and efficient synthesis of benzo[d][1,3]thiazines through base-promoted cyclization reaction of o-isothiocyanato arylacetylenes with aroylacetonitriles has been developed. This protocol displays high step economy and efficiency, and tolerates various...
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Gataullin RR. The first synthesis of benzo[e]cycloalk[g]oxazocinone atropisomers via lactonization of N-mesyl- or N-arylsulfonyl-N-[2-(1-cycloalken-1-yl)-6-methylphenyl]glycines. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Stefaniak M, Olszewska B. 1,5-Benzoxazepines as a unique and potent scaffold for activity drugs: A review. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2100224. [PMID: 34368985 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Benzoxazepines constitute a huge number of organic compounds widely described in the literature. Many of them are distinguished by their biological properties. Among them, our attention was drawn to 1,5-benzoxazepine derivatives due to their interesting pharmacological properties. As is reported in the literature, these compounds are not only good building blocks in organic synthesis but also have interesting biological and pharmacological properties. This article is the first review publication to describe the synthesis methods and unique properties of 1,5-benzoxazepines. Literature reports widely describe the biological properties of 1,5-benzoxazepine, like anticancer, antibacterial, or antifungal activities. 1,5-Benzoxazepine derivatives can also interact with G-protein-coupled receptors and could be incorporated into new potential drugs, among others, in treating neuronal disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Stefaniak
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Beata Olszewska
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
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Gataullin RR. Formation of Benzo[e]cycloalk[g][1,4]oxazocinones by Reaction of N-Mesyl- or N-Tosyl-N-2-[(1-cycloalken-1-yl)phenyl]glycines with Molecular Bromine. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363221080090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Shaik AB, Prasad YR, Nissankararao S, Shahanaaz S. Synthesis, Biological and Computational Evaluation of Novel 2,3-dihydro-2-aryl-4-(4- isobutylphenyl)-1,5-benzothiazepine Derivatives as Anticancer and Anti-EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Agents. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:1115-1128. [PMID: 32000647 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200130091142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the availability of a variety of chemotherapeutic agents, cancer is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide because of the problems with existing chemotherapeutic agents like objectionable side effects, lack of selectivity, and resistance. Hence, there is an urgent need for the development of novel anticancer agents with high usefulness, fewer side effects, devoid of resistance and superior selectivity. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to synthesize a series of novel 1,5-benzothiazepine derivatives and evaluate their anticancer activity employing biological and computational methods. METHODS Twenty new benzothiazepines (BT1-BT20) were prepared by condensing different 1-(4- isobutylphenyl)ethanone chalcones with 2-amiothiophenol and evaluated for their anticancer activity by MTT assay against three cell lines including HT-29 (colon cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and DU-145 (prostate cancer). These compounds were also tested for their inhibitory action against EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) tyrosine kinase enzyme by taking into account of their excellent action against colon and breast cancer cell lines. Further, the structural features responsible for the activity were identified by Pharmacophorebased modelling using Schrodinger's PHASETM software. RESULTS Among the 20 benzothiazepine derivatives, three compounds viz., BT18, BT19 and BT20 exhibited promising activity against the cell lines tested and the activity of BT20 was more than the standard methotrexate. Again the above three compounds showed excellent inhibitory activity with the percentage inhibition of 64.5, 57.3 and 55.8 respectively against EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) tyrosine kinase. PHASE identified a five-point AHHRR model for the proposed activity and the computational studies provided insights into the structural requirements for the anticancer activity and the results were consistent with the observed in vitro activity data. CONCLUSION These novel benzothiazepines will be useful as lead molecules for the further development of new cancer therapies against colon and breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afzal B Shaik
- A.U College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530001, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Yejella R Prasad
- A.U College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530001, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Shaik Shahanaaz
- Victoria College of Pharmacy, Nallapadu- 522001, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India
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6
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Zhang Q, Yang F, Liao S, Wang B, Li R, Dong Y, Zhou M, Yang Y, Xu G. Synthesis, Antibacterial Activity, and Structure–Activity Relationship of Fusaric Acid Analogs. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing‐Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550025 China
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM Ministry of Education & Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics Guiyang Guizhou 550004 China
| | - Fei‐Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550025 China
| | - Shang‐Gao Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550025 China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Biology & Engineering Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550025 China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550025 China
| | - Yong‐Xi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550025 China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM Ministry of Education & Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics Guiyang Guizhou 550004 China
| | - Yuan‐Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550025 China
| | - Guo‐Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy Guizhou Medical University Guian New District Guizhou 550025 China
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Geng X, Liu S, Wang W, Qu J, Wang B. tert-Amino Effect-Promoted Rearrangement of Aryl Isothiocyanate: A Versatile Approach to Benzimidazothiazepines and Benzimidazothioethers. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12635-12643. [PMID: 32875799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A general and practical approach to benzimidazothiazepine and benzimidazothioether derivatives via an intramolecular nucleophilic addition/ring expansion rearrangement of aryl isothiocyanates promoted by the tert-amino effect has been developed. This reaction is catalyzed by low-cost camphorsulfonic acid and tolerates a broad substrate scope with complete atom economy. Structurally intriguing benzimidazothiazepine and benzimidazothioether products could be easily obtained by a simple operation in good to excellent yield (up to 98%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, P. R. China
| | - Wenyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jingping Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Baomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.,Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo 315016, P. R. China
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Li L, Tan TD, Zhang YQ, Liu X, Ye LW. Recent advances in transition-metal-catalyzed reactions of alkynes with isoxazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:8483-8492. [PMID: 28875211 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01895a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Isoxazoles, as masked 1,3-dicarbonyl equivalents, have proven to be versatile building blocks and pivotal intermediates for the construction of a variety of useful azacycles with molecular complexity. As a result, a range of new reactions have been discovered based on isoxazoles in the past decade. However, the relevant reactions of isoxazoles with alkynes have seldom been explored. In this review, we will focus on the recent progress in the transition-metal-catalyzed formal annulations for the efficient synthesis of N-heterocycles between alkynes and isoxazoles by highlighting their specificity and applicability, and the mechanistic rationale is presented where possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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He FS, Wu Y, Zhang J, Xia H, Wu J. Thiosulfonylation of alkenes with the insertion of sulfur dioxide under non-metallic conditions. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00824h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A three-component reaction of 1-(2-allylaryl)thioureas, sulfur dioxide, and aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates under mild conditions is realized, leading to sulfonated [3,1]-benzothiazepines in good yields. High efficiency is observed for this non-metallic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Sheng He
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Youqian Wu
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200438
- China
| | - Hongguang Xia
- Department of Biochemistry & Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200438
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
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Wu Y, Yuan C, Wang C, Mao B, Jia H, Gao X, Liao J, Jiang F, Zhou L, Wang Q, Guo H. Palladium-Catalyzed [5 + 2] Cycloaddition of Vinyloxiranes with Sulfamate-Derived Cyclic Imines To Construct 1,3-Oxazepine Heterocycles. Org Lett 2017; 19:6268-6271. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Chunhao Yuan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Biming Mao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Hao Jia
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xing Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jianning Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Leijie Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Qijun Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Hongchao Guo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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Shen WB, Xiao XY, Sun Q, Zhou B, Zhu XQ, Yan JZ, Lu X, Ye LW. Highly Site Selective Formal [5+2] and [4+2] Annulations of Isoxazoles with Heterosubstituted Alkynes by Platinum Catalysis: Rapid Access to Functionalized 1,3-Oxazepines and 2,5-Dihydropyridines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201610042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Shen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xin-Yu Xiao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Qing Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xin-Qi Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Juan-Zhu Yan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xin Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Long-Wu Ye
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 200032 China
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12
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Shen WB, Xiao XY, Sun Q, Zhou B, Zhu XQ, Yan JZ, Lu X, Ye LW. Highly Site Selective Formal [5+2] and [4+2] Annulations of Isoxazoles with Heterosubstituted Alkynes by Platinum Catalysis: Rapid Access to Functionalized 1,3-Oxazepines and 2,5-Dihydropyridines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 56:605-609. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201610042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Shen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xin-Yu Xiao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Qing Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xin-Qi Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Juan-Zhu Yan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xin Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Long-Wu Ye
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 200032 China
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Ulmer A, Brunner C, Arnold AM, Pöthig A, Gulder T. A Fluorination/Aryl Migration/Cyclization Cascade for the Metal-Free Synthesis of Fluoro-Benzoxazepines. Chemistry 2015; 22:3660-4. [PMID: 26641801 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Fluorinated organic molecules are of high interest for many applications across chemical and medical disciplines. Efficient methods for the synthesis of such compounds are thus needed. Within this work, application of the bench-stable cyclic hypervalent iodine(III) fluoro reagent 1 facilitated the development of an efficient, metal-free method for the preparation of the novel class of 4-fluoro-1,3-benzoxazepines starting from readily available styrenes. The efficacy and broad applicability of this concept is demonstrated by the synthesis of 20 structurally diverse congeners in high yields, regio-, and diastereoselectivities. The presented method provides complementary chemoselectivity when compared to the common, commercially available electrophilic fluorination reagents, such as selectfluor. First mechanistic investigations with isotopically labeled substrates reveal a complex reaction mechanism, proceeding via an unusual fluorination/1,2-aryl migration/cyclization cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ulmer
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Christoph Brunner
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Andreas M Arnold
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Alexander Pöthig
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Tanja Gulder
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany.
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Ryan JH, Smith JA, Hyland C, Meyer AG, Williams CC, Bissember AC, Just J. Seven-Membered Rings. PROGRESS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-100024-3.00016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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