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Garg A, Almáši M, Bednarčík J, Sharma R, Rao VS, Panchal P, Jain A, Sharma A. Gd(III) metal-organic framework as an effective humidity sensor and its hydrogen adsorption properties. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 305:135467. [PMID: 35764119 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represent a class of nanoporous materials built up by metal ions and organic linkers with several interesting potential applications. The present study described the synthesis and characterization of Gd(III)-based MOF with the chemical composition [Gd(BTC)(H2O)]·DMF (BTC - trimesate, DMF = N,N'-dimethylformamide), known as MOF-76(Gd) for hydrogen adsorption/desorption capacity and humidity sensing applications. The structure and morphology of as-synthesized material were studied using powder X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The crystal structure of MOF-76(Gd) consists of gadolinium (III) and benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate ions, one coordinated aqua ligand and one crystallization DMF molecule. The polymeric framework of MOF-76(Gd) contains 1D sinusoidally shaped channels with sizes of 6.7 × 6.7 Å propagating along c crystallographic axis. The thermogravimetric analysis, heating infrared spectroscopy and in-situ heating powder X-ray diffraction experiments of the prepared framework exhibited thermal stability up to 550 °C. Nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurement at -196 °C showed a BET surface area of 605 m2 g-1 and pore volume of 0.24 cm3 g-1. The maximal hydrogen storage capacity of MOF-76(Gd) was 1.66 wt % and 1.34 wt % -196 °C and -186 °C and pressure up to 1 bar, respectively. Finally, the humidity sensing measurements (water adsorption experiments) were performed, and the results indicate that MOF-76(Gd) is a suitable material for moisture sensing application with a fast response (11 s) and recovery time (2 s) in the relative humidity range of 11-98%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Garg
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Science, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Miroslav Almáši
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Safarik University, Moyzesova 11, 041 54, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Jozef Bednarčík
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, Kosice, 040 01, Slovak Republic
| | - Rishabh Sharma
- Center of Excellence for Energy and Environmental Studies, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, 131039, India
| | - Vikrant Singh Rao
- Center of Excellence for Energy and Environmental Studies, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, 131039, India
| | - Priyanka Panchal
- Center of Excellence for Energy and Environmental Studies, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, 131039, India
| | - Ankur Jain
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Science, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, 302017, India; Centre for Renewable Energy & Storage, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Anshu Sharma
- Department of Physics, School of Engineering & Technology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, India.
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Haniffa MACM, Ching YC, Chuah CH, Kuan YC, Liu DS, Liou NS. Synthesis, Characterization and the Solvent Effects on Interfacial Phenomena of Jatropha Curcas Oil Based Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E162. [PMID: 30970841 PMCID: PMC6432095 DOI: 10.3390/polym9050162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) was prepared from Jatropha curcas oil (JCO) and its alkyd resin via curing with different diamines. The isocyanate-free approach is a green chemistry route, wherein carbon dioxide conversion plays a major role in NIPU preparation. Catalytic carbon dioxide fixation can be achieved through carbonation of epoxidized derivatives of JCO. In this study, 1,3-diaminopropane (DM) and isophorone diamine (IPDA) were used as curing agents separately. Cyclic carbonate conversion was catalyzed by tetrabutylammonium bromide. After epoxy conversion, carbonated JCO (CJCO) and carbonated alkyd resin (CC-AR) with carbonate contents of 24.9 and 20.2 wt %, respectively, were obtained. The molecular weight of CJCO and CC-AR were determined by gel permeation chromatography. JCO carbonates were cured with different amine contents. CJCO was blended with different weight ratios of CC-AR to improve its characteristics. The cured NIPU film was characterized by spectroscopic techniques, differential scanning calorimetry, and a universal testing machine. Field emission scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the morphology of the NIPU film before and after solvent treatment. The solvent effects on the NIPU film interfacial surface were investigated with water, 30% ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone, 10% HCl, 10% NaCl, and 5% NaOH. NIPU based on CCJO and CC-AR (ratio of 1:3) with IPDA crosslink exhibits high glass transition temperature (44 °C), better solvent and chemical resistance, and Young's modulus (680 MPa) compared with the blend crosslinked with DM. Thus, this study showed that the presence of CC-AR in CJCO-based NIPU can improve the thermomechanical and chemical resistance performance of the NIPU film via a green technology approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mhd Abd Cader M Haniffa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaya.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaya.
| | - Yern Chee Ching
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaya.
| | - Cheng Hock Chuah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaya.
| | - Yong Ching Kuan
- University of Reading Malaysia, Persiaran Graduan, Kota Ilmu, Educity, 79200 Iskandar Puteri, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - De-Shin Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung-Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan.
| | - Nai-Shang Liou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan City 710, Taiwan.
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Tomer VK, Thangaraj N, Gahlot S, Kailasam K. Cubic mesoporous Ag@CN: a high performance humidity sensor. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:19794-19803. [PMID: 27874132 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr08039a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of highly responsive, rapid response/recovery and durable relative humidity (%RH) sensors that can precisely monitor humidity levels still remains a considerable challenge for realizing the next generation humidity sensing applications. Herein, we report a remarkably sensitive and rapid %RH sensor having a reversible response using a nanocasting route for synthesizing mesoporous g-CN (commonly known as g-C3N4). The 3D replicated cubic mesostructure provides a high surface area thereby increasing the adsorption, transmission of charge carriers and desorption of water molecules across the sensor surfaces. Owing to its unique structure, the mesoporous g-CN functionalized with well dispersed catalytic Ag nanoparticles exhibits excellent sensitivity in the 11-98% RH range while retaining high stability, negligible hysteresis and superior real time %RH detection performances. Compared to conventional resistive sensors based on metal oxides, a rapid response time (3 s) and recovery time (1.4 s) were observed in the 11-98% RH range. Such impressive features originate from the planar morphology of g-CN as well as unique physical affinity and favourable electronic band positions of this material that facilitate water adsorption and charge transportation. Mesoporous g-CN with Ag nanoparticles is demonstrated to provide an effective strategy in designing high performance %RH sensors and show great promise for utilization of mesoporous 2D layered materials in the Internet of Things and next generation humidity sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay K Tomer
- Institute of Nano Science & Technology (INST), Mohali-160062, Punjab, India.
| | - Nishanthi Thangaraj
- Institute of Nano Science & Technology (INST), Mohali-160062, Punjab, India.
| | - Sweta Gahlot
- Institute of Nano Science & Technology (INST), Mohali-160062, Punjab, India.
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