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Pallares RM, Thanh NTK, Su X. Sensing of circulating cancer biomarkers with metal nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:22152-22171. [PMID: 31555790 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03040a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of circulating cancer biomarkers, including cell-free and circulating tumor DNA, circulating tumor cells, microRNA and exosomes, holds promise in revolutionizing cancer diagnosis and prognosis using body fluid analysis, also known as liquid biopsy. To enable clinical application of these biomarkers, new analytical tools capable of detecting them in very low concentrations in complex sample matrixes are needed. Metal nanoparticles have emerged as extraordinary analytical scaffolds because of their unique optoelectronic properties and ease of functionalization. Hence, multiple analytical techniques have been developed based on these nanoparticles and their plasmonic properties. The aim of this review is to summarize and discuss the present development on the use of metal nanoparticles for the analysis of circulating cancer biomarkers. We examine how metal nanoparticles can be used as (1) analytical transducers in various sensing principles, such as aggregation induced colorimetric assays, plasmon resonance energy transfer, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and refractive index sensing, and (2) signal amplification elements in surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and electrochemical detection. We critically discuss the clinical relevance of each category of circulating biomarkers, followed by a thorough analysis of how these nanoparticle-based designs have overcome some of the main challenges that gold standard analytical techniques currently face, and what new directions the field may take in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger M Pallares
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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Zheng X, Zhao L, Wen D, Wang X, Yang H, Feng W, Kong J. Ultrasensitive fluorescent detection of HTLV-II DNA based on magnetic nanoparticles and atom transfer radical polymerization signal amplification. Talanta 2019; 207:120290. [PMID: 31594607 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Human T-lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) is a crucial retrovirus that is closely associated with a variety of human diseases. Herein, an ultrasensitive fluorescent HTLV-II DNA detection strategy was developed for the first time based on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) amplification. In this approach, hairpin DNA probes (pDNA) labelled with 5' thiol and 3' azide group terminally were immobilized on amino group modified MNPs surface through sulfo-N-succinimidyl-4-maleimidobutyrate sodium salt (sulfo-GMBS) cross-linkers. In the presence of target DNAs (tDNA), pDNA hybridized with tDNA to form double-stranded DNA, and therefore its azide group was away from the MNPs surface. Subsequently, to initiate ATRP reaction, initiators were introduced into the pDNA by a Cu (I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC). Then, large numbers of 9-anthracenylmethyl methacrylate polymer (pAMMA) were successfully labelled on the MNPs surface, resulting in significant amplification of the fluorescence signal. Under optimized conditions, the fluorescence signal was proportional to the logarithm of the concentration of tDNA over the range from 1 fM to 1 nM, with a detection limit of 0.22 fM. Moreover, this strategy was capable of discriminating mismatched bases and detecting HTLV-II DNA in human serum samples. By virtue of the high sensitivity, selectivity, simplicity and economy, this ultrasensitive biosensor demonstrates great potential for biomedical research and early clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Zheng
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Liying Zhao
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Dongxiao Wen
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Xiaolan Wang
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Huaixia Yang
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Weisheng Feng
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China.
| | - Jinming Kong
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China.
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Bagheri E, Abnous K, Alibolandi M, Ramezani M, Taghdisi SM. Triple-helix molecular switch-based aptasensors and DNA sensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 111:1-9. [PMID: 29627731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Utilization of traditional analytical techniques is limited because they are generally time-consuming and require high consumption of reagents, complicated sample preparation and expensive equipment. Therefore, it is of great interest to achieve sensitive, rapid and simple detection methods. It is believed that nucleic acids assays, especially aptamers, are very important in modern life sciences for target detection and biological analysis. Aptamers and DNA-based sensors have been widely used for the design of various sensors owing to their unique features. In recent years, triple-helix molecular switch (THMS)-based aptasensors and DNA sensors have been broadly utilized for the detection and analysis of different targets. The THMS relies on the formation of DNA triplex via Watson-Crick and Hoogsteen base pairings under optimal conditions. This review focuses on recent progresses in the development and applications of electrochemical, colorimetric, fluorescence and SERS aptasensors and DNA sensors, which are based on THMS. Also, the advantages and drawbacks of these methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Bagheri
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Electrochemical DNA probe for Hg2+ detection based on a triple-helix DNA and Multistage Signal Amplification Strategy. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 86:907-912. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.07.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Seow N, Tan YN, Yung LYL, Su X. DNA-Directed Assembly of Nanogold Dimers: A Unique Dynamic Light Scattering Sensing Probe for Transcription Factor Detection. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18293. [PMID: 26678946 PMCID: PMC4683372 DOI: 10.1038/srep18293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a unique DNA-assembled gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) dimer for dynamic light scattering (DLS) sensing of transcription factors, exemplified by estrogen receptor (ER) that binds specifically to a double-stranded (ds) DNA sequence containing estrogen response element (ERE). Here, ERE sequence is incorporated into the DNA linkers to bridge the AuNPs dimer for ER binding. Coupled with DLS, this AuNP dimer-based DLS detection system gave distinct readout of a single ‘complex peak’ in the presence of the target molecule (i.e., ER). This unique signature marked the first time that such nanostructures can be used to study transcription factor-DNA interactions, which DLS alone cannot do. This was also unlike previously reported AuNP-DLS assays that gave random and broad distribution of particles size upon target binding. In addition, the ERE-containing AuNP dimers could also suppress the light-scattering signal from the unbound proteins and other interfering factors (e.g., buffer background), and has potential for sensitive detection of target proteins in complex biological samples such as cell lysates. In short, the as-developed AuNP dimer probe coupled with DLS is a simple (mix and test), rapid (readout in ~5 min) and sensitive (low nM levels of ER) platform to detect sequence-specific protein-DNA binding event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianjia Seow
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore
| | - Yen Nee Tan
- Institute of Material Research and Engineering, ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602
| | - Lin-Yue Lanry Yung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore
| | - Xiaodi Su
- Institute of Material Research and Engineering, ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602
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Gold Nanoparticle-Based Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) Analysis of Estrogen Receptor: DNA Interaction. Methods Mol Biol 2015. [PMID: 26585138 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3127-9_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen receptors play critical roles in regulating genes responsible for development and maintenance of reproductive tissues and other physiological function. The interaction of ERs with DNA sequences, known as estrogen response elements (EREs) (a palindromic repeat separated by three-base spacer, 5'GGTCAnnnTGACC-3'), is required for estrogen regulation of target gene expression. Here, we describe a simple "mix-and-measure"-based method for detecting ER:ERE interactions using ERE-immobilized metal nanoparticles and water-soluble conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) as cooperative sensing elements. This method can differentiate the distinct DNA-binding affinity between ERα and ERβ, and determine ER:ERE-binding stoichiometry. This method can also accurately detect all 15 singly mutated EREs (i.e., three possible base substitutions at each of one to five positions from left to right of the 5' end half site, GGTCA) for their binding energy to ER. This method is compatible with 96-well plate format for high-throughput analysis.
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Li N, Su X, Lu Y. Nanomaterial-based biosensors using dual transducing elements for solution phase detection. Analyst 2015; 140:2916-43. [PMID: 25763412 DOI: 10.1039/c4an02376e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors incorporating nanomaterials have demonstrated superior performance compared to their conventional counterparts. Most reported sensors use nanomaterials as a single transducer of signals, while biosensor designs using dual transducing elements have emerged as new approaches to further improve overall sensing performance. This review focuses on recent developments in nanomaterial-based biosensors using dual transducing elements for solution phase detection. The review begins with a brief introduction of the commonly used nanomaterial transducers suitable for designing dual element sensors, including quantum dots, metal nanoparticles, upconversion nanoparticles, graphene, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, and carbon nanodots. This is followed by the presentation of the four basic design principles, namely Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET), Amplified Fluorescence Polarization (AFP), Bio-barcode Assay (BCA) and Chemiluminescence (CL), involving either two kinds of nanomaterials, or one nanomaterial and an organic luminescent agent (e.g. organic dyes, luminescent polymers) as dual transducers. Biomolecular and chemical analytes or biological interactions are detected by their control of the assembly and disassembly of the two transducing elements that change the distance between them, the size of the fluorophore-containing composite, or the catalytic properties of the nanomaterial transducers, among other property changes. Comparative discussions on their respective design rules and overall performances are presented afterwards. Compared with the single transducer biosensor design, such a dual-transducer configuration exhibits much enhanced flexibility and design versatility, allowing biosensors to be more specifically devised for various purposes. The review ends by highlighting some of the further development opportunities in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, 117602 Singapore.
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