1
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Hédouin M, Barthelemy AL, Vanthuyne N, Besrour H, Maddaluno J, Magnier E, Oulyadi H. NMR and DFT Studies with a Doubly Labelled 15 N/ 6 Li S-Trifluoromethyl Sulfoximine Reveal Why a Directed ortho-Lithiation Requires an Excess of n-BuLi. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214106. [PMID: 36377763 PMCID: PMC10108270 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work shows why it is imperious to use an excess of butyllithium for a directed ortho-lithiation of a trifluoromethyl sulfoximine. The analysis of mixtures of n-BuLi and sulfoximine 1 in THF-d8 using {1 H, 6 Li, 13 C, 15 N, 19 F} NMR experiments at low temperatures reveal that a first deprotonation occurs that leads to dimeric and tetrameric N-lithiated sulfoximine (93 : 7). Using an excess n-BuLi (5 equivalents), the second deprotonation on the ortho-position of the aromatic occurs. Six species were observed and characterized on the way. It includes three aggregates involving a sulfoximine: i) a [dilithiated sulfoximine/(n-BuLi)] dimer solvated by four molecules of THF (Agg2, 39 %); ii) a [dilithiated sulfoximine/(n-BuLi)3 ] tetramer solvated by six molecules of THF (Agg3, 39 %); iii) a [dilithiated sulfoximine/(n-BuOLi)3 ] tetramer solvated by four molecules of THF (Agg1, 22 %). A DFT study afforded optimized solvated structures for all these aggregates, fully consistent with the NMR data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Hédouin
- Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS Rue Tesniere, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Anne-Laure Barthelemy
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (UMR 8180), Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035, Versailles, France
| | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- iSm2, UMR 7313, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, AMUtech, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Hend Besrour
- Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS Rue Tesniere, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Jacques Maddaluno
- Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS Rue Tesniere, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Emmanuel Magnier
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles (UMR 8180), Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035, Versailles, France
| | - Hassan Oulyadi
- Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS Rue Tesniere, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan, France
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2
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Pérez K, Picard B, Vuluga D, Burel F, Hreiz R, Falk L, Commenge JM, Nagaki A, Yoshida JI, Chataigner I, Maddaluno J, Legros J. Bromine–Lithium Exchange on a gem-Dibromoalkene, Part 2: Comparative Performance of Flow Micromixers. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katia Pérez
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA, 76000 Rouen, France
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, PBS, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Baptiste Picard
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Daniela Vuluga
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, PBS, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Fabrice Burel
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, PBS, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Rainier Hreiz
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Laurent Falk
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Marc Commenge
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Aiichiro Nagaki
- Department of Synthetic and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Yoshida
- Department of Synthetic and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- National Institute of Technology, Suzuka College, Shiroko-cho, Suzuka, Mie 510-0294, Japan
| | - Isabelle Chataigner
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA, 76000 Rouen, France
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique (LCT), UMR7616, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jacques Maddaluno
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Julien Legros
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA, 76000 Rouen, France
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3
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Evans R. The interpretation of small molecule diffusion coefficients: Quantitative use of diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 117:33-69. [PMID: 32471534 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Measuring accurate molecular self-diffusion coefficients, D, by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques has become routine as hardware, software and experimental methodologies have all improved. However, the quantitative interpretation of such data remains difficult, particularly for small molecules. This review article first provides a description of, and explanation for, the failure of the Stokes-Einstein equation to accurately predict small molecule diffusion coefficients, before moving on to three broadly complementary methods for their quantitative interpretation. Two are based on power laws, but differ in the nature of the reference molecules used. The third addresses the uncertainties in the Stokes-Einstein equation directly. For all three methods, a wide range of examples are used to show the range of chemistry to which diffusion NMR can be applied, and how best to implement the different methods to obtain quantitative information from the chemical systems studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Evans
- Aston Institute of Materials Research, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom.
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4
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Picard B, Pérez K, Lebleu T, Vuluga D, Burel F, Harrowven DC, Chataigner I, Maddaluno J, Legros J. Bromine-lithium exchange on gem-dibromoalkenes part 1: batch vs microflow conditions. J Flow Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-019-00057-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Knauer L, Strohmann C. The structure-defining incorporation of chloride in methyllithium dimers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13543-13546. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05547f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Two polymeric solid-state structures of pmdta-stabilized methyllithium with co-existing tetrameric and dimeric units were obtained, linked by the structure-giving “contaminant” LiCl, incorporated only in dimeric entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Knauer
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry
- TU Dortmund University
- 44227 Dortmund
- Germany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry
- TU Dortmund University
- 44227 Dortmund
- Germany
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6
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Crockett MP, Zhang H, Thomas CM, Byers JA. Adding diffusion ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) to the arsenal for characterizing paramagnetic complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:14426-14429. [PMID: 31730148 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08229h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the development of diffusion ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) for its use to characterize metal complexes containing paramagnetic first row transition metal elements. This technique is capable of assessing the purity and speciation of paramagnetic complexes, and also provides a convenient method to provide qualitative and sometimes quantitative molecular weight data.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Crockett
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA.
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7
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Dumez JN. Spatial encoding and spatial selection methods in high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 109:101-134. [PMID: 30527133 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A family of high-resolution NMR methods share the common concept of acquiring in parallel different sub-experiments in different spatial regions of the NMR tube. These spatial encoding and spatial selection methods were for the most part introduced independently from each other and serve different purposes, but they share common ingredients, often derived from magnetic resonance imaging, and they all benefit from a greatly improved time-efficiency. This review article provides a description of several spatial encoding and spatial selection methods, including single-scan multidimensional experiments (ultrafast 2D NMR, DOSY, Z spectroscopy, inversion recovery and Laplace NMR), pure shift and selective refocusing experiments (including Zangger-Sterk decoupling, G-SERF and PSYCHE), a Z filter, and fast-pulsing slice-selective experiments. Some key elements for spatial parallelisation are introduced and when possible a common framework is used for the analysis of each method. Sensitivity considerations are discussed, and a selection of applications is analysed to illustrate which questions can be answered thanks to spatial encoding and spatial selection methods, and discuss the perspectives for future developments and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Nicolas Dumez
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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8
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Hamdoun G, Bour C, Gandon V, Dumez JN. Empirical Estimation of the Molecular Weight of Gold Complexes in Solution by Pulsed-Field Gradient NMR. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghanem Hamdoun
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Christophe Bour
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay, CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay France
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay, CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 9168, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Jean-Nicolas Dumez
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
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9
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Nath N, Bordoloi P, Barman B, Baishya B, Chaudhari SR. Insight into old and new pure shift nuclear magnetic resonance methods for enantiodiscrimination. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2018; 56:876-892. [PMID: 29411898 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Enantiodiscrimination and their quantification using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has always been a subject of great interest. Proton is the nucleus of choice for enantiodiscrimination due to its high sensitivity and ubiquitous presence in nature. Despite its advantages, enantiodiscrimination suffers from extensive signal splitting by the proton-proton scalar couplings, which give complex multiplets that spread over a frequency range of some tens of hertz. These multiplets often overlap, further complicating interpretation of the spectra and quantifications. In the present review, we discuss some of the recent developments in the pure shift 1 H NMR based methods for enantiomer resolution and enantiodiscrimination. We also compare various pure shift methods used for enantiodiscrimination and measurement of enantiomeric excess, considering the fact that conventional 1 H NMR fails to provide any detailed insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilamoni Nath
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India
| | - Priyakshi Bordoloi
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India
| | - Bhaskar Barman
- Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India
| | - Bikash Baishya
- Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
| | - Sachin R Chaudhari
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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10
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Ho TC, Congmon J, Zhou Z, Tius MA, Pratt LM. Synthesis and structures of α-lithiated vinyl ethers. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Cormier M, Ahmad M, Maddaluno J, De Paolis M. Forging C–C Bonds with Hindered Nucleophiles and Carbonyl Electrophiles: Reactivity and Selectivity of Allylic Tin Reagents/n-BuLi. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Cormier
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Maha Ahmad
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Jacques Maddaluno
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Michaël De Paolis
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), 76000 Rouen, France
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12
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Arrabal-Campos FM, Álvarez JD, García-Sancho A, Fernández I. Molecular weight prediction in polystyrene blends. Unprecedented use of a genetic algorithm in pulse field gradient spin echo (PGSE) NMR. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:6620-6626. [PMID: 28920614 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01569k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A genetic algorithm that uses boxcar functions (diffGA) has been applied for the first time in PGSE NMR. It reconstructs accurate diffusion coefficients for all the components of the mixture, and therefore predicts correct weight-average molecular weights for all of them. The results reported herein complement those obtained with established methods such as ITAMeD, CONTIN and TRAIn algorithms, and provide a detailed solution picture. Its robustness and limits have been stretched in order to ascertain the minimum separation within diffusion coefficients or relative proportion between components. In addition, the new genetic algorithm has been also applied to a mixture of small molecules, providing excellent results at very low computational times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco M Arrabal-Campos
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120, Almería, Spain.
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13
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Barozzino-Consiglio G, Hamdoun G, Fressigné C, Harrison-Marchand A, Maddaluno J, Oulyadi H. A Combined 1
H/6
Li NMR DOSY Strategy Finally Uncovers the Structure of Isopropyllithium in THF. Chemistry 2017; 23:12475-12479. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ghanem Hamdoun
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS; Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038); 76000 Rouen France
| | - Catherine Fressigné
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS; Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038); 76000 Rouen France
| | - Anne Harrison-Marchand
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS; Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038); 76000 Rouen France
| | - Jacques Maddaluno
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS; Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038); 76000 Rouen France
| | - Hassan Oulyadi
- Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INSA de Rouen, CNRS; Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038); 76000 Rouen France
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14
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Abstract
The solution structures, stabilities, physical properties, and reactivities of sodium diisopropylamide (NaDA) in a variety of coordinating solvents are described. NaDA is stable for months as a solid or as a 1.0 M solution in N,N-dimethylethylamine (DMEA) at -20 °C. A combination of NMR spectroscopic and computational studies show that NaDA is a disolvated symmetric dimer in DMEA, N,N-dimethyl-n-butylamine, and N-methylpyrrolidine. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) readily displaces DMEA, affording a tetrasolvated cyclic dimer at all THF concentrations. Dimethoxyethane (DME) and N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine quantitatively displace DMEA, affording doubly chelated symmetric dimers. The trifunctional ligands N,N,N',N″,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine and diglyme bind the dimer as bidentate rather than tridentate ligands. Relative rates of solvent decompositions are reported, and rate studies for the decomposition of THF and DME are consistent with monomer-based mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell F. Algera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853–1301, United States,
| | - Yun Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853–1301, United States,
| | - David B. Collum
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853–1301, United States,
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15
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Huang Y, Cao S, Yang Y, Cai S, Zhan H, Tan C, Lin L, Zhang Z, Chen Z. Ultrahigh-Resolution NMR Spectroscopy for Rapid Chemical and Biological Applications in Inhomogeneous Magnetic Fields. Anal Chem 2017; 89:7115-7122. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Huang
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Shuohui Cao
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Shuhui Cai
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Haolin Zhan
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Chunhua Tan
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Liangjie Lin
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Electronic
Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
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16
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Tai O, Hopson R, Williard PG. Ligand Binding Constants to Lithium Hexamethyldisilazide Determined by Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy. J Org Chem 2017; 82:6223-6231. [PMID: 28562035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the direct measurement of ligand-binding constants of organolithium complexes using a 1H NMR/diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) titration technique. Lithium hexamethyldisilazide complexes with ethereal and ester donor ligands (THF, diethyl ether, MTBE, THP, tert-butyl acetate) are characterized using 1H NMR and X-ray crystallography. Their aggregation and solvation states are confirmed using diffusion coefficient-formula weight correlation analysis, and the 1H NMR/DOSY titration technique is applied to obtain their binding constants. Our work suggests that steric hindrance of ethereal ligands plays an important role in the aggregation, solvation, and reactivity of these complexes. It is noteworthy that diffusion methodology is utilized to obtain binding constants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onkei Tai
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Russell Hopson
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Paul G Williard
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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17
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Castañar L. Pure shift 1 H NMR: what is next? MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2017; 55:47-53. [PMID: 27761957 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Currently, pure shift nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is an area of high interest. The aim of this contribution is to describe briefly how this technique has evolved, where it is now and what could be the next challenges in the amazing adventure of the development and application of pure shift NMR experiments. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Castañar
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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18
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Foroozandeh M, Castañar L, Martins LG, Sinnaeve D, Poggetto GD, Tormena CF, Adams RW, Morris GA, Nilsson M. Ultrahigh-Resolution Diffusion-Ordered Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:15579-15582. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201609676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Castañar
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Lucas G. Martins
- Chemistry Institute; University of Campinas; Post Office Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Davy Sinnaeve
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Ghent University; Campus Sterre, S4, Krijgslaan 281, B- 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | | | - Claudio F. Tormena
- Chemistry Institute; University of Campinas; Post Office Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Ralph W. Adams
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Gareth A. Morris
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Mathias Nilsson
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
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19
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Foroozandeh M, Castañar L, Martins LG, Sinnaeve D, Poggetto GD, Tormena CF, Adams RW, Morris GA, Nilsson M. Ultrahigh-Resolution Diffusion-Ordered Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201609676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Castañar
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Lucas G. Martins
- Chemistry Institute; University of Campinas; Post Office Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Davy Sinnaeve
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Ghent University; Campus Sterre, S4, Krijgslaan 281, B- 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | | | - Claudio F. Tormena
- Chemistry Institute; University of Campinas; Post Office Box 6154 13083-970 Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Ralph W. Adams
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Gareth A. Morris
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Mathias Nilsson
- School of Chemistry; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
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20
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Kaltschnee L, Knoll K, Schmidts V, Adams RW, Nilsson M, Morris GA, Thiele CM. Extraction of distance restraints from pure shift NOE experiments. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2016; 271:99-109. [PMID: 27591956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
NMR techniques incorporating pure shift methods to improve signal resolution have recently attracted much attention, owing to their potential use in studies of increasingly complex molecular systems. Extraction of frequencies from these simplified spectra enables easier structure determination, but only a few of the methods presented provide structural parameters derived from signal integral measurements. In particular, for quantification of the nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) it is highly desirable to utilize pure shift techniques where signal overlap normally prevents accurate signal integration, to enable measurement of a larger number of interatomic distances. However, robust methods for the measurement of interatomic distances using the recently developed pure shift techniques have not been reported to date. In this work we discuss some of the factors determining the accuracy of measurements of signal integrals in interferogram-based Zangger-Sterk (ZS) pure shift NMR experiments. The ZS broadband homodecoupling technique is used in different experiments designed for quantitative NOE determination from pure shift spectra. It is shown that the techniques studied can be used for quantitative extraction of NOE-derived distance restraints, as exemplified for the test case of strychnine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Kaltschnee
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 16, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Kevin Knoll
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 16, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Volker Schmidts
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 16, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ralph W Adams
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Mathias Nilsson
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Gareth A Morris
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Christina M Thiele
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 16, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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21
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Arrabal-Campos FM, Oña-Burgos P, Fernández I. Molecular weight prediction with no dependence on solvent viscosity. A quantitative pulse field gradient diffusion NMR approach. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00691d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To progress on the practical issues of molecular weight prediction via diffusion NMR, the first log(Dη) vs. log(Mw) calibration curve is provided, allowing the easy and fast determination of weight-average molecular weights with no matter of the solvent used.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascual Oña-Burgos
- Department of Chemistry and Physics
- ceiA3
- Universidad de Almería
- Almería
- Spain
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Department of Chemistry and Physics
- ceiA3
- Universidad de Almería
- Almería
- Spain
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22
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Orr SA, Kennedy AR, Liggat JJ, McLellan R, Mulvey RE, Robertson SD. Accessible heavier s-block dihydropyridines: structural elucidation and reactivity of isolable molecular hydride sources. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:6234-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04224k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Transmetallation of lithiodihydropyridines with Group 1 alkoxides provides facile access to reactive MH (M = Na, K) sources, which show significant structural diversity due in part to the distinct ways that Na/K engage with the σ (green) and π (red) donor systems of the DHP ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A. Orr
- WestCHEM
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow
- UK
| | - Alan R. Kennedy
- WestCHEM
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow
- UK
| | - John J. Liggat
- WestCHEM
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow
- UK
| | - Ross McLellan
- WestCHEM
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow
- UK
| | - Robert E. Mulvey
- WestCHEM
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow
- UK
| | - Stuart D. Robertson
- WestCHEM
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow
- UK
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23
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Guang J, Hopson R, Williard PG. Diffusion Coefficient-Formula Weight (D-FW) Analysis of 2H Diffusion-Ordered NMR Spectroscopy (DOSY). J Org Chem 2015; 80:9102-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Guang
- Department
of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Russell Hopson
- Department
of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Paul G. Williard
- Department
of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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24
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Lesage D, Barozzino-Consiglio G, Duwald R, Fressigné C, Harrison-Marchand A, Faull KF, Maddaluno J, Gimbert Y. A Lithium Amide Protected Against Protonation in the Gas Phase: Unexpected Effect of LiCl. J Org Chem 2015; 80:6441-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Denis Lesage
- Sorbonne
Universités, UPMC UNIV Paris 06, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 8232, Case 45, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | | | - Romain Duwald
- Normandie
Université (COBRA), UMR CNRS-Université de Rouen-INSA de Rouen 6014, 76821 Mont St Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Fressigné
- Normandie
Université (COBRA), UMR CNRS-Université de Rouen-INSA de Rouen 6014, 76821 Mont St Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Anne Harrison-Marchand
- Normandie
Université (COBRA), UMR CNRS-Université de Rouen-INSA de Rouen 6014, 76821 Mont St Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Kym F. Faull
- Pasarow
Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and
Human Behavior and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, 90019 United States
| | - Jacques Maddaluno
- Normandie
Université (COBRA), UMR CNRS-Université de Rouen-INSA de Rouen 6014, 76821 Mont St Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Yves Gimbert
- Université
Grenoble Alpes (DCM), UMR CNRS-UJF 5250 BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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25
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Castañar L, Parella T. Broadband 1H homodecoupled NMR experiments: recent developments, methods and applications. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2015; 53:399-426. [PMID: 25899911 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, a great interest in the development of new broadband 1H homonuclear decoupled techniques providing simplified JHH multiplet patterns has emerged again in the field of small molecule NMR. The resulting highly resolved 1H NMR spectra display resonances as collapsed singlets, therefore minimizing signal overlap and expediting spectral analysis. This review aims at presenting the most recent advances in pure shift NMR spectroscopy, with a particular emphasis to the Zangger-Sterk experiment. A detailed discussion about the most relevant practical aspects in terms of pulse sequence design, selectivity, sensitivity, spectral resolution and performance is provided. Finally, the implementation of the different reported strategies into traditional 1D and 2D NMR experiments is described while several practical applications are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Castañar
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear and Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Teodor Parella
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear and Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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26
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Hamdoun G, Sebban M, Tognetti V, Harrison-Marchand A, Joubert L, Maddaluno J, Oulyadi H. Alkyllithium Mixed Aggregates: Dynamic Behavior and Comprehensive Analysis of NMR 2J7Li–7Li Spin–Spin Coupling. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghanem Hamdoun
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR6014 & FR3038 CNRS, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Muriel Sebban
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR6014 & FR3038 CNRS, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Tognetti
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR6014 & FR3038 CNRS, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Anne Harrison-Marchand
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR6014 & FR3038 CNRS, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Laurent Joubert
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR6014 & FR3038 CNRS, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Jacques Maddaluno
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR6014 & FR3038 CNRS, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Hassan Oulyadi
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR6014 & FR3038 CNRS, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
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27
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Böhler B, Günther H. The Aggregation Behavior of Butyllithium in Diethyl Ether in the Presence of LiBr, LiClO4, and Phenyllithium: A Deuterium-Induced Secondary6Li-NMR Isotope-Effect Study. Helv Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201400365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Wang Z, Zheng L, Li C, Zhang D, Xiao Y, Guan G, Zhu W. Modification of chitosan with monomethyl fumaric acid in an ionic liquid solution. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 117:973-979. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Pudakalakatti SM, Chandra K, Thirupathi R, Atreya HS. Rapid Characterization of Molecular Diffusion by NMR Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2014; 20:15719-22. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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30
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Xiao C, Wu M, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Yu J, Zheng X. The structure-dependent self-association of five phenolic acids in aqueous solution. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2014; 52:460-466. [PMID: 24890230 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Weak self-interaction plays an important role in interpreting the biomechanisms and modes of drug action. The structure-dependent self-association of five phenolic acids with various bioactivities, including danshensu (DSS), caffeic acid (CA), rosmarinic acid (RA), lithospermic acid (LA), and salvianolic acid B (SA), was investigated by (1)H NMR. These phenolic acids have similar condensed structures, with a CA moiety and varying numbers of DSS moieties. The strengths of the self-association constants are in the order DSS < CA < RA < LA < SA, which corresponds to the increasing molecular size of these phenolic acids and roughly corresponds to the increasing number of DSS moieties. The binding site for the self-aggregation of these phenolic acids has been identified to be on the CA moiety, rather than on the DSS moiety, as a result of CA's stronger aromatic π-π interactions, which cause larger chemical shift variations. The thermodynamic parameters for the self-association of these phenolic acids show that the self-association is spontaneous and enthalpically favorable at room temperature in all cases. It was inferred that π-π interactions and intermolecular hydrogen bonding stabilize the stacking structures of the phenolic acids. Knowledge of self-association processes will enable us to quantitatively assess the possible effects of self-aggregation on the interaction between drug and protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoni Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
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