1
|
Mondal A, van Gemmeren M. Silver-Free C-H Activation: Strategic Approaches towards Realizing the Full Potential of C-H Activation in Sustainable Organic Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210825. [PMID: 36062882 PMCID: PMC9828228 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The activation of carbon-hydrogen bonds is considered as one of the most attractive techniques in synthetic organic chemistry because it bears the potential to shorten synthetic routes as well as to produce complementary product scopes compared to traditional synthetic strategies. However, many current methods employ silver salts as additives, leading to stoichiometric metal waste and thereby preventing the full potential of C-H activation to be exploited. Therefore, the development of silver-free protocols has recently received increasing attention. Mechanistically, silver can serve various roles in C-H activation and thus, avoiding the use of silver requires different approaches based on the role it serves in a given process. In this Review, we present the comparison of silver-based and silver-free methods. Focusing on the strategic approaches to develop silver-free C-H activation, we provide the reader with the means to develop sustainable methods for C-H activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arup Mondal
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Manuel van Gemmeren
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische ChemieChristian-Albrechts-Universität zu KielOtto-Hahn-Platz 424118KielGermany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yu JQ, Hu L, Meng G. Ligand-Enabled Pd(II)-Catalyzed β-Methylene C(sp 3)-H Arylation of Free Aliphatic Acids. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:20550-20553. [PMID: 36342466 PMCID: PMC10243520 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ligand development has enabled rapid advances in Pd(II)-catalyzed β-methyl C(sp3)-H activation of free carboxylic acids. However, there are only a handful of reports of free-acid-directed β-methylene C(sp3)-H activation, all of which are limited to intramolecular reactions. Herein, we report the first Pd(II)-catalyzed intermolecular β-methylene C(sp3)-H arylation of free aliphatic acids, which is enabled by bidentate pyridine-pyridone ligands. The bite angle of this ligand has been discovered to play a key role in promoting β-methylene C-H activation of free carboxylic acid. This new transformation provides a disconnection for alkylation of arenes with simple aliphatic acids. A variety of free aliphatic acids, including the antiasthmatic drug seratrodast, were compatible with the reported protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dong ZY, Zhao JH, Wang P, Yu JQ. MPAI-Ligand Accelerated Pd-Catalyzed C( sp3)-H Arylation of Free Aliphatic Acids. Org Lett 2022; 24:7732-7736. [PMID: 36259989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the development of a class of bifunctional monoprotected amino-imidazoline (MPAI) ligands and their applications in Pd-catalyzed C(sp3)-H arylation of free aliphatic acids. The newly developed MPAI ligand allows the use of 1.0 equiv of aliphatic acids containing an alpha hydrogen for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Babu SA, Aggarwal Y, Patel P, Tomar R. Diastereoselective palladium-catalyzed functionalization of prochiral C(sp 3)-H bonds of aliphatic and alicyclic compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2612-2633. [PMID: 35113087 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05649b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We highlight the reported developments of the palladium-catalyzed C-H activation and functionalization of the inactive/unreactive prochiral C(sp3)-H bonds of aliphatic and alicyclic compounds. There exist numerous classical methods for generating contiguous stereogenic centers in a compound with a high degree of stereocontrol. Along similar lines, the Pd(II)-catalyzed, directing group-aided functionalization of inactive prochiral/diastereotopic C(sp3)-H bonds have been exploited to accomplish the stereoselective construction of stereo-arrays in organic compounds. We present a concise discussion on how specific strategies consisting of Pd(II)-catalyzed, directing group-aided C(sp3)-H functionalization have been utilized to generate two or more stereogenic centers in aliphatic and alicyclic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasarao Arulananda Babu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - Yashika Aggarwal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - Pooja Patel
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - Radha Tomar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu B, Romine AM, Rubel CZ, Engle KM, Shi BF. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed, Coordination-Assisted Functionalization of Nonactivated C(sp 3)-H Bonds. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14957-15074. [PMID: 34714620 PMCID: PMC8968411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed, coordination-assisted C(sp3)-H functionalization has revolutionized synthetic planning over the past few decades as the use of these directing groups has allowed for increased access to many strategic positions in organic molecules. Nonetheless, several challenges remain preeminent, such as the requirement for high temperatures, the difficulty in removing or converting directing groups, and, although many metals provide some reactivity, the difficulty in employing metals outside of palladium. This review aims to give a comprehensive overview of coordination-assisted, transition-metal-catalyzed, direct functionalization of nonactivated C(sp3)-H bonds by covering the literature since 2004 in order to demonstrate the current state-of-the-art methods as well as the current limitations. For clarity, this review has been divided into nine sections by the transition metal catalyst with subdivisions by the type of bond formation. Synthetic applications and reaction mechanism are discussed where appropriate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Rd., Hangzhou 310027, China.,College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Andrew M. Romine
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Camille Z. Rubel
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Keary M. Engle
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, California 92037, United States.,Corresponding Author- (K. M. E.); (B.-F. S.)
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Rd., Hangzhou 310027, China.,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China,Corresponding Author- (K. M. E.); (B.-F. S.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang Q, Shi BF. 2-(Pyridin-2-yl)isopropyl (PIP) Amine: An Enabling Directing Group for Divergent and Asymmetric Functionalization of Unactivated Methylene C(sp 3)-H Bonds. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:2750-2763. [PMID: 34019373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Directing group (DG) assistance provides a good solution to the problems of reactivity and selectivity, two of the fundamental challenges in C(sp3)-H activation. However, the activation of unbiased methylene C(sp3)-H bonds remains challenging due to the high heterolytic bond dissociation energy and substantial steric hindrance. Two main strategies have been developed thus far, that is, use of a strongly coordinating bidentate DG pioneered by Daugulis and use of a weakly coordinating monodentate DG accelerated by pyridine-type ligands, as disclosed by Yu. The seminal work by Daugulis sparked significant interest in the application of the monoanionic bidentate auxiliary in aliphatic C-H activation reactions. Our research has focused on enabling the divergent functionalization and enantiotopic differentiation of unactivated methylene C-H bonds. Inspired by the structure of bidentate 8-aminoquinoline and the accelerating effect of the gem-dimethyl moiety in cyclometalations, we developed a strongly coordinating bidentate 2-(pyridine-yl)isopropyl (PIP) amine DG consisting of a pyridyl group, a gem-dimethyl moiety, and an amino group, which enabled the divergent functionalization of unactivated β-methylene C(sp3)-H bonds to forge C-O, C-N, C-C, and C-F bonds with palladium catalysts. The exclusive β-selectivity was ascribed to the preferential formation of kinetically favored [5,5]-bicyclic palladacycle intermediates. DFT calculations revealed that the well-designed gem-dimethyl group was responsible for the lowered energy and compressed bite angle of the key transition state related to C-H cleavage.More recently, the combination of PIP amine with axially chiral ligands was found to promote asymmetric functionalization of unbiased methylene C(sp3)-H bonds, a challenging research topic in the area of C-H activation that remains to be addressed. Two different types of axially chiral ligands, namely, non-C2-symmetric chiral phosphoric acids (CPAs) and 3,3'-disubstituted BINOLs, have been developed. The former enabled Pd(II)-catalyzed inter- and intramolecular arylation of unbiased methylene C(sp3)-H bonds with high enantioselectivity, whereas the latter promoted a series of asymmetric functionalization reactions, such as alkynylation, arylation, alkenylation/aza-Wacker cyclization, and intramolecular amidation. The unexpectedly high stereocontrol compared with other bidentate DGs might be attributable to steric communication between the ligand and gem-dimethyl moiety of PIP amine. Thus far, the combination of PIP amine DG with 3,3'-disubstituted BINOL ligands is arguably the most general strategy for asymmetric functionalization of unbiased methylene C(sp3)-H bonds. Finally, the ease of installation and removal of PIP under mild conditions and synthetic applications are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao H, Wang T, Qing Z, Zhai H. Cobalt-catalyzed 2-(1-methylhydrazinyl)pyridine-assisted cyclization of thiophene-2-carbohydrazides with maleimides: efficient synthesis of thiophene-fused pyridones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 56:5524-5527. [PMID: 32296787 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01582b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A cobalt-catalyzed direct C-H/N-H functionalization of thiophene-2-carbohydrazides with maleimides by utilizing 2-(1-methylhydrazinyl)pyridine (MHP) as an easily removable bidentate directing group has been developed. This formal [4+2] cycloaddition has been achieved for the first time, and it provides an alternative and versatile approach to construct thiophene-fused pyridones using an inexpensive cobalt catalyst. The C-H/N-H activation cascade protocol showed a high efficiency and a broad substrate scope, and the products were obtained in good to excellent yields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Materials Research, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China. and Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Taimin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Materials Research, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China. and Institute of Marine Biomedicine, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhineng Qing
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Materials Research, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Hongbin Zhai
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Materials Research, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China. and The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chang R, Chen Y, Yang W, Zhang Z, Guo Z, Li Y. Unveiling the Mechanism, Origin of Stereoselectivity, and Ligand-Dependent Reactivity in the Pd(II)-Catalyzed Unbiased Methylene C(sp 3)–H Alkenylation–Aza-Wacker Cyclization Reaction. J Org Chem 2020; 85:13191-13203. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chang
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonglin Chen
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuxia Zhang
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Guo
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanrong Li
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li H, Kuninobu Y. Palladium‐Catalyzed Secondary C(
sp
3
)−H Arylation of 2‐Alkylpyridines. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong‐Liang Li
- Institute for Molecular Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmaceutical Science and TechnologyTianjin University 92Weijin Road, Nankai District Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Yoichiro Kuninobu
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and EngineeringKyushu University 6-1 Kasugakoen, Kasuga-shi Fukuoka 816-8580 Japan
- Department of Molecular and Material Sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering SciencesKyushu University 6-1 Kasugakoen, Kasuga-shi Fukuoka 816-8580 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao Y, Yu Y, Hu D, Zhao L, Xie W, Zhou Z. Cascade Oxidation, Radical Addition, and Annulation of
o
‐Alkynylarylaldimine with Indole/Imidazopyridine: Access to Aromatic Heterocycle‐substituted Isoquinolines. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun‐Hui Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan Hunan 411201 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural SubstancesShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Yajun Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan Hunan 411201 P. R. China
| | - Dandan Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan Hunan 411201 P. R. China
| | - Lang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan Hunan 411201 P. R. China
| | - Wenlin Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan Hunan 411201 P. R. China
| | - Zhihua Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine PolymersHunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan Hunan 411201 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rej S, Ano Y, Chatani N. Bidentate Directing Groups: An Efficient Tool in C-H Bond Functionalization Chemistry for the Expedient Construction of C-C Bonds. Chem Rev 2020; 120:1788-1887. [PMID: 31904219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 583] [Impact Index Per Article: 145.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During the past decades, synthetic organic chemistry discovered that directing group assisted C-H activation is a key tool for the expedient and siteselective construction of C-C bonds. Among the various directing group strategies, bidentate directing groups are now recognized as one of the most efficient devices for the selective functionalization of certain positions due to fact that its metal center permits fine, tunable, and reversible coordination. The family of bidentate directing groups permit various types of assistance to be achieved, such as N,N-dentate, N,O-dentate, and N,S-dentate auxiliaries, which are categorized based on the coordination site. In this review, we broadly discuss various C-H bond functionalization reactions for the formation of C-C bonds with the aid of bidentate directing groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Rej
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 560-0871 , Japan
| | - Yusuke Ano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 560-0871 , Japan
| | - Naoto Chatani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering , Osaka University , Suita , Osaka 560-0871 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Zhang Q, Shi B. From Reactivity and Regioselectivity to Stereoselectivity: An Odyssey of Designing PIP Amine and Related Directing Groups for C—H Activation. CHINESE J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of ChemistryZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
| | - Bing‐Feng Shi
- Department of ChemistryZhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Assembling of medium/long chain-based β-arylated unnatural amino acid derivatives via the Pd(II)-catalyzed sp3 β-C-H arylation and a short route for rolipram-type derivatives. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
15
|
Xiao HZ, Wang WS, Sun YS, Luo H, Li BW, Wang XD, Lin WL, Luo FX. Pd/Cu-Catalyzed Cascade C(sp 3)-H Arylation and Intramolecular C-N Coupling: A One-Pot Synthesis of 3,4-2 H-Quinolinone Skeletons. Org Lett 2019; 21:1668-1671. [PMID: 30801191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this letter, we successfully explored a cascade Pd/Cu-catalyzed intermolecular C(sp3)-H arylation of amides and intramolecular C-N coupling reaction. This method provides a one-pot strategy to synthesize 3,4-2 H-quinolinone with good regioselectivity of C-H arylation and C-N coupling from C-I and C-X bonds from readily available starting materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Zhi Xiao
- College of Life and Environment Science , §MUC Center on Translational Neuroscience , and ¶Experimental Center of Chemistry , Minzu University of China , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Wen-Shu Wang
- College of Life and Environment Science , §MUC Center on Translational Neuroscience , and ¶Experimental Center of Chemistry , Minzu University of China , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Yu-Song Sun
- College of Life and Environment Science , §MUC Center on Translational Neuroscience , and ¶Experimental Center of Chemistry , Minzu University of China , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Hao Luo
- College of Life and Environment Science , §MUC Center on Translational Neuroscience , and ¶Experimental Center of Chemistry , Minzu University of China , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Bo-Wen Li
- College of Life and Environment Science , §MUC Center on Translational Neuroscience , and ¶Experimental Center of Chemistry , Minzu University of China , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- College of Life and Environment Science , §MUC Center on Translational Neuroscience , and ¶Experimental Center of Chemistry , Minzu University of China , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Wei-Li Lin
- College of Life and Environment Science , §MUC Center on Translational Neuroscience , and ¶Experimental Center of Chemistry , Minzu University of China , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Fei-Xian Luo
- College of Life and Environment Science , §MUC Center on Translational Neuroscience , and ¶Experimental Center of Chemistry , Minzu University of China , Beijing 100081 , China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
One-pot, solvent-free Pd(II)-catalyzed direct β-C-H arylation of carboxamides involving anhydrides as substrates via in situ installation of directing group. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
17
|
Yan SY, Han YQ, Yao QJ, Nie XL, Liu L, Shi BF. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Enantioselective Arylation of Unbiased Methylene C(sp3
)−H Bonds Enabled by a 2-Pyridinylisopropyl Auxiliary and Chiral Phosphoric Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yi Yan
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Ye-Qiang Han
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Qi-Jun Yao
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Xing-Liang Nie
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yan SY, Han YQ, Yao QJ, Nie XL, Liu L, Shi BF. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Enantioselective Arylation of Unbiased Methylene C(sp3
)−H Bonds Enabled by a 2-Pyridinylisopropyl Auxiliary and Chiral Phosphoric Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9093-9097. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yi Yan
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Ye-Qiang Han
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Qi-Jun Yao
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Xing-Liang Nie
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou 310027 China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
|
20
|
Chen M, Liu F, Dong G. Direct Palladium-Catalyzed β-Arylation of Lactams. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3815-3819. [PMID: 29424015 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A direct and catalytic method is reported here for β-arylation of N-protected lactams with simple aryl iodides. The transformation is enabled by merging soft enolization of lactams, palladium-catalyzed desaturation, Ar-X bond activation, and aryl conjugate addition. The reaction is operated under mild reaction conditions, is scalable, and is chemoselective. Application of this method to concise syntheses of pharmaceutically relevant compounds is demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Feipeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kim Y, Kim ST, Kang D, Sohn TI, Jang E, Baik MH, Hong S. Stereoselective construction of sterically hindered oxaspirocycles via chiral bidentate directing group-mediated C(sp 3)-O bond formation. Chem Sci 2018; 9:1473-1480. [PMID: 29629170 PMCID: PMC5875089 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04691j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The systematic investigation of chiral bidentate auxiliaries has resulted in the discovery of a chiral 2,2-dimethyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)propan-1-amine-derived directing group that enables stereoselective palladium(ii)-catalyzed intramolecular C(sp3)-O bond formation. This new chiral directing group exhibited high reactivity in the activation of methylene C(sp3)-H bonds with excellent levels of stereoselectivity (a diastereomeric ratio of up to 39 : 1), which allowed the construction of a wide range of oxaspirocycles. Mechanistic investigations were also conducted to elucidate the reaction mechanism and understand the origin of the diastereoselectivity. DFT calculations suggest that only modest levels of diastereoselectivity are accomplished at the rate-determining C-H metalation-deprotonation step and the d.r. is further enriched at the reductive elimination step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yechan Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon , 34141 , Korea . ;
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141 , Korea
| | - Seoung-Tae Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon , 34141 , Korea . ;
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141 , Korea
| | - Dahye Kang
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon , 34141 , Korea . ;
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141 , Korea
| | - Te-Ik Sohn
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon , 34141 , Korea . ;
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141 , Korea
| | - Eunyoung Jang
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon , 34141 , Korea . ;
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141 , Korea
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon , 34141 , Korea . ;
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141 , Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon , 34141 , Korea . ;
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141 , Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Coomber CE, Benhamou L, Bučar DK, Smith PD, Porter MJ, Sheppard TD. Silver-Free Palladium-Catalyzed C(sp3)–H Arylation of Saturated Bicyclic Amine Scaffolds. J Org Chem 2017; 83:2495-2503. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E. Coomber
- Department
of Chemistry, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Laure Benhamou
- Department
of Chemistry, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Dejan-Krešimir Bučar
- Department
of Chemistry, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Peter D. Smith
- Early
Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Michael J. Porter
- Department
of Chemistry, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Tom D. Sheppard
- Department
of Chemistry, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gou Q, Liu G, Zhou L, Chen S, Qin J. Palladium-Catalyzed Base-Promoted Arylation of Unactivated C(sp3)-H Bonds by Aryl Iodides: A Practical Approach To Synthesize β-Aryl Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Gou
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource; Ministry of Education; Yunnan University; 650091 School of Chemical Science and Technology P. R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource; Ministry of Education; Yunnan University; 650091 School of Chemical Science and Technology P. R. China
| | - Lanxiu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource; Ministry of Education; Yunnan University; 650091 School of Chemical Science and Technology P. R. China
| | - Suiyun Chen
- Plant Science Institute; School of Life Sciences; Yunnan University; 650091 Kunming P. R. China
| | - Jun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource; Ministry of Education; Yunnan University; 650091 School of Chemical Science and Technology P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shen Y, Cindy Lee WC, Gutierrez DA, Li JJ. Palladium-Catalyzed Direct C(sp2)–H ortho-Arylation of Anilides Using 2-Aminophenylpyrazole as the Directing Group. J Org Chem 2017; 82:11620-11625. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton Street, San Francisco, California 94117, United States
| | - Wan-Chen Cindy Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton Street, San Francisco, California 94117, United States
| | - David A. Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton Street, San Francisco, California 94117, United States
| | - Jie Jack Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton Street, San Francisco, California 94117, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
St John-Campbell S, White AJP, Bull JA. Single operation palladium catalysed C(sp 3)-H functionalisation of tertiary aldehydes: investigations into transient imine directing groups. Chem Sci 2017; 8:4840-4847. [PMID: 28959406 PMCID: PMC5603794 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc01218g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mono and bidentate amine directing groups formed transiently though imine linkages promote C–H arylation of tertiary aldehydes.
Simple amine and diamine derivatives can promote the palladium catalysed direct β-C–H arylation of aliphatic aldehydes via transient imine formation. Trifluoroacetate was shown to be crucial in promoting the reaction. Sub-stoichiometric quantities of simple N-tosylethylenediamine was shown to form a bidentate directing group with an imine linkage. Isolation of an unsymmetrical palladacycle has shown different potential binding modes of the secondary NTs coordinating group by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, suggestive of a hemilabile ligand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S St John-Campbell
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , South Kensington , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - A J P White
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , South Kensington , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - J A Bull
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , South Kensington , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Reddy MD, Blanton AN, Watkins EB. Palladium-Catalyzed, N-(2-Aminophenyl)acetamide-Assisted Ortho-Arylation of Substituted Benzamides: Application to the Synthesis of Urolithins B, M6, and M7. J Org Chem 2017; 82:5080-5095. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Damoder Reddy
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Union University, Jackson, Tennessee 38305, United States
| | - Alexandra N. Blanton
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Union University, Jackson, Tennessee 38305, United States
| | - E. Blake Watkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Union University, Jackson, Tennessee 38305, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Teng F, Cheng J. Functionalization of Cyclohexane Derivatives via Oxidative Radical Pathway. CHINESE J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201600538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Teng
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering; Changzhou University; Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 China
| | - Jiang Cheng
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering; Changzhou University; Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bai HY, Ma ZG, Yi M, Lin JB, Zhang SY. Palladium-Catalyzed Direct Intermolecular Amination of Unactivated Methylene C(sp3)–H Bonds with Azodiformates via Bidentate-Chelation Assistance. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b03621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- He-Yuan Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Gang Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Yi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun-Bing Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Yu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Mu D, Gao F, Chen G, He G. Palladium-Catalyzed β-C–H Arylation of Alkyl Carboxamides with Sterically Hindered Aryl Iodides Using ortho-Sulfinyl Aniline Auxiliaries. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b03661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Delong Mu
- State
Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Fang Gao
- State
Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Gong Chen
- State
Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
- Department
of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Gang He
- State
Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ling PX, Fang SL, Yin XS, Zhang Q, Chen K, Shi BF. Palladium-catalyzed sequential monoarylation/amidation of C(sp3)–H bonds: stereoselective synthesis of α-amino-β-lactams and anti-α,β-diamino acid. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:6351-6354. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02426f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stereoselective synthesis of α-amino-β-lactams via Pd-catalyzed sequential C(sp3)–H monoarylation/amidation is described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Xiang Ling
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Sheng-Long Fang
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Xue-Song Yin
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Kai Chen
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- California Institute of Technology
- Pasadena
- USA
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Palladium(II)-catalyzed arylation of unactivated C(sp 3 )-H bonds by using 2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole-4-amine as directing ligand. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.11.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
32
|
Reddy C, Bisht N, Parella R, Babu SA. 4-Amino-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole as a Removable Bidentate Directing Group for the Pd(II)-Catalyzed Arylation/Oxygenation of sp2/sp3 β-C–H Bonds of Carboxamides. J Org Chem 2016; 81:12143-12168. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chennakesava Reddy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Manauli P.O., Sector
81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Narendra Bisht
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Manauli P.O., Sector
81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Ramarao Parella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Manauli P.O., Sector
81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Srinivasarao Arulananda Babu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Manauli P.O., Sector
81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
He J, Wasa M, Chan KSL, Shao Q, Yu JQ. Palladium-Catalyzed Transformations of Alkyl C-H Bonds. Chem Rev 2016; 117:8754-8786. [PMID: 28697604 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1467] [Impact Index Per Article: 183.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This Review summarizes the advancements in Pd-catalyzed C(sp3)-H activation via various redox manifolds, including Pd(0)/Pd(II), Pd(II)/Pd(IV), and Pd(II)/Pd(0). While few examples have been reported in the activation of alkane C-H bonds, many C(sp3)-H activation/C-C and C-heteroatom bond forming reactions have been developed by the use of directing group strategies to control regioselectivity and build structural patterns for synthetic chemistry. A number of mono- and bidentate ligands have also proven to be effective for accelerating C(sp3)-H activation directed by weakly coordinating auxiliaries, which provides great opportunities to control reactivity and selectivity (including enantioselectivity) in Pd-catalyzed C-H functionalization reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian He
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Masayuki Wasa
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Kelvin S L Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Qian Shao
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang H, Niu Y, Zhang G, Ye XS. A unified synthesis of cyclic ethers or lactones via Pd-catalyzed intramolecular O -functionalization of sp 3 C H bonds. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
35
|
Gou Q, Yang YW, Liu ZN, Qin J. Intermolecular Amination of Unactivated C(sp3
)−H Bonds with Cyclic Alkylamines: Formation of C(sp3
)−N Bonds through Copper/Oxygen-Mediated C(sp3
)−H/N−H Activation. Chemistry 2016; 22:16057-16061. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Gou
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource; Ministry of Education; School of Chemical Science and Technology; Yunnan University, Kunming; Yunnan 650091 P.R. China
| | - Yu-Wen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource; Ministry of Education; School of Chemical Science and Technology; Yunnan University, Kunming; Yunnan 650091 P.R. China
| | - Zi-Ning Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource; Ministry of Education; School of Chemical Science and Technology; Yunnan University, Kunming; Yunnan 650091 P.R. China
| | - Jun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource; Ministry of Education; School of Chemical Science and Technology; Yunnan University, Kunming; Yunnan 650091 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cai XH, Jin J, Xie B. Recent advance in direct sp3 carbon-hydrogen bond functionalizations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.7.2.248-270.1412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
37
|
Luo F, Yang J, Li Z, Xiang H, Zhou X. Design and Synthesis of 2-Methyl-7-aminobenzoxazole as Auxiliary in the Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Arylation of abeta-Positioned C(sp3)H Bond. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
38
|
Gui Q, Chen X, Hu L, Wang D, Liu J, Tan Z. Copper-Mediatedortho-Arylation of Benzamides with Arylboronic Acid. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
39
|
Zhang Z, Dai Z, Ma X, Liu Y, Ma X, Li W, Ma C. Cu-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of fused oxazepinone derivatives via sp2 C–H and O–H cross-dehydrogenative coupling. Org Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00040a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient Cu-catalyzed cascade reaction protocol was developed for the synthesis of fused oxazepinone derivatives via sp2 C–H and O–H cross-dehydrogenative coupling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P R China
| | - Zhen Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P R China
| | - Xinkun Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P R China
| | - Yihan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P R China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P R China
| | - Wanli Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P R China
| | - Chen Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P R China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhang X, He G, Chen G. Palladium-catalyzed β-C(sp3)–H arylation of phthaloyl alanine with hindered aryl iodides: synthesis of complex β-aryl α-amino acids. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:5511-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02580j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
An efficient protocol for palladium-catalyzed PE auxiliary-directed C(sp3)–H arylation reaction with sterically hindered aryl iodides was developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuekai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Gang He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Gong Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Nack WA, Wang B, Wu X, Jiao R, He G, Chen G. Palladium-catalyzed arylation of β-methylene C(sp3)–H bonds at room temperature: desymmetrization of simple cycloalkyl carboxylic acids. Org Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5qo00421g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A new protocol for Pd-catalyzed β methylene C–H arylation of N-quinolyl cycloalkylcarboxamides with aryl iodides at room temperature is reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W. A. Nack
- Department of Chemistry
- The Pennsylvania State University
- University Park
- USA
| | - B. Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- The Pennsylvania State University
- University Park
- USA
| | - X. Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- The Pennsylvania State University
- University Park
- USA
| | - R. Jiao
- Department of Chemistry
- The Pennsylvania State University
- University Park
- USA
| | - G. He
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - G. Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Affron DP, Bull JA. Palladium-Catalyzed Directed C(sp 3)-H Arylation of Saturated Heterocycles at C-3 Using a Concise Optimization Approach. European J Org Chem 2016; 2016:139-149. [PMID: 26877706 PMCID: PMC4736452 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Saturated heterocycles, such as THFs, pyrrolidines, piperidines and THPs, are essential components of many biologically active compounds. Examples of C-H functionalization on these important ring systems remain scarce, especially at unactivated positions. Here we report the development of conditions for the palladium-catalyzed stereoselective C(sp3)-H arylation at unactivated 3-positions of 5- and 6-membered N- and O-heterocycles with aminoquinoline directing groups. Subtle differences in substrate structures altered their reactivity significantly; and different conditions were required to achieve high yields in each case. Successful conditions were developed using a short empirical optimization approach to cover reaction space with a limited set of variables. Excellent cis-selectivity was achieved in all cases, except for the THP substrate where minor trans-products were formed through a different palladacyclic intermediate. Here, differences in reactivity and selectivity with other directing groups were examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic P. Affron
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom, http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/people/j.bull
| | - James A. Bull
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom, http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/people/j.bull
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang X, Zhu L, Chen S, Xu X, Au CT, Qiu R. Nickel-Catalyzed Direct C (sp3)–H Arylation of Aliphatic Amides with Thiophenes. Org Lett 2015; 17:5228-31. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xie Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P.R. China
| | - Longzhi Zhu
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P.R. China
| | - Sihai Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P.R. China
| | - Chak-Tong Au
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P.R. China
- Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Renhua Qiu
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ling PX, Fang SL, Yin XS, Chen K, Sun BZ, Shi BF. Palladium-Catalyzed Arylation of Unactivated γ-Methylene C(sp3)H and δ-CH Bonds with an Oxazoline-Carboxylate Auxiliary. Chemistry 2015; 21:17503-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
45
|
Gopalakrishnan B, Babu SA, Padmavathi R. Bidentate ligand 8-aminoquinoline-aided Pd-catalyzed diastereoselective β-arylation of the prochiral secondary sp3 C–H bonds of 2-phenylbutanamides and related aliphatic carboxamides. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
46
|
Huang Z, Sam QP, Dong G. Palladium-catalyzed direct β-arylation of ketones with diaryliodonium salts: a stoichiometric heavy metal-free and user-friendly approach. Chem Sci 2015; 6:5491-5498. [PMID: 29861889 PMCID: PMC5949602 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01636c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We herein report a new protocol for the Pd-catalyzed β-arylation of ketones without stoichiometric heavy metals. Widely accessible diaryliodonium salts are used as both the oxidant and aryl source. This tandem redox catalysis merges ketone dehydrogenation and conjugate addition without an additional oxidant or reductant. This transformation features the use of a unique bis-N-tosylsulfilimine ligand and the combination of potassium trifluoroacetate/trifluoroacetic acid to maintain an appropriate acidity of the reaction medium. The reaction tolerates both air and moisture, and shows a broad substrate scope. Kinetics studies, along with filtration and poisoning tests, support the involvement of palladium nanoparticles in the catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxing Huang
- The University of Texas at Austin , Department of Chemistry , Austin , TX 78712 , USA
| | - Quynh P Sam
- The University of Texas at Austin , Department of Chemistry , Austin , TX 78712 , USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- The University of Texas at Austin , Department of Chemistry , Austin , TX 78712 , USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gao P, Guo W, Xue J, Zhao Y, Yuan Y, Xia Y, Shi Z. Iridium(III)-Catalyzed Direct Arylation of C–H Bonds with Diaryliodonium Salts. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:12231-40. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Gao
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Wei Guo
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jingjing Xue
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Yuanzhi Xia
- College
of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhang SK, Yang XY, Zhao XM, Li PX, Niu JL, Song MP. Palladium-Catalyzed Selective β-Arylation of Aliphatic Amides Using a Removable N,O-Bidentate Auxiliary. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Kun Zhang
- The College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yan Yang
- The College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhao
- The College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng-Xiang Li
- The College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun-Long Niu
- The College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mao-Ping Song
- The College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Rao WH, Zhan BB, Chen K, Ling PX, Zhang ZZ, Shi BF. Pd(II)-Catalyzed Direct Sulfonylation of Unactivated C(sp3)–H Bonds with Sodium Sulfinates. Org Lett 2015; 17:3552-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bei-Bei Zhan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Peng-Xiang Ling
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhuo-Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhang Q, Yin XS, Chen K, Zhang SQ, Shi BF. Stereoselective Synthesis of Chiral β-Fluoro α-Amino Acids via Pd(II)-Catalyzed Fluorination of Unactivated Methylene C(sp(3))-H Bonds: Scope and Mechanistic Studies. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:8219-26. [PMID: 26067591 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b03989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of fluorinated complex molecules via direct C(sp(3))-H fluorination is attractive yet remains challenging. Here we describe the Pd(II)-catalyzed fluorination of unactivated methylene C(sp(3))-H bonds by an inner-sphere mechanism. This method allows the site- and diastereoselective fluorination of β-methylene C(sp(3))-H bonds of α-amino acid derivatives. A range of substrates containing both aliphatic and benzylic C(sp(3))-H bonds were compatible with this protocol, leading to an array of β-fluorinated α-amino acids. Stoichiometric fluorination of an isolated palladacycle intermediate takes place rapidly under very mild reaction conditions (room temperature, 5-10 min). Data from preliminary mechanistic studies are consistent with direct C-F reductive elimination from a high-valent intermediate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xue-Song Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shuo-Qing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|