1
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Majeed N, ul Amin N, Masood Siddiqi H. Non‐Enzymatic Liquid Crystal‐Based Detection of Copper Ions in Water. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Majeed
- Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Noor ul Amin
- Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
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2
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Rouhbakhsh Z, Huang JW, Ho TY, Chen CH. Liquid crystal-based chemical sensors and biosensors: From sensing mechanisms to the variety of analytical targets. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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3
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Cheng S, Khan M, Yin F, Ma C, Yuan J, Jiang T, Liu X, Hu Q. Surface-anchored liquid crystal droplets for the semi-quantitative detection of Aflatoxin B1 in food samples. Food Chem 2022; 390:133202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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4
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Borbora A, Manna U. Design of a Super-Liquid Crystal-Phobic Coating for Immobilizing Liquid Crystal μ-Droplets─Without Affecting Their Sensitivity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:9221-9228. [PMID: 35767825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aqueous interface of nematic liquid crystal (LC) that undergoes a triggered change in ordering transition of mesogens under an appropriate stimulus has emerged as an important tool for various relevant applications. Further, the confinement of LC into a micrometer dimension appeared to be a facile approach for improving their relevant features and performance. However, the optical characterization of ordering transition in a single micrometer-sized, bare, and free-floating LC droplet in the aqueous phase is an extremely challenging task due to unavoidable Brownian motion, which limits its scope for practical applications. Here, we exploited the 1,4-conjugate addition reaction to report a multilayer coating of a reactive nanocomplex that displayed an extreme repellence to beaded LC droplets with tailored adhesive force through the association of adequate orthogonal chemical modifications with glucamine and selected alkyl acrylates. Further, a spatially selective underwater adhesive super-LC-phobic pattern on a hydrophobic background was developed for immobilizing bare and micrometer-sized LC droplets from their aqueous dispersion without having any arbitrary spillage of the aqueous medium. The settled micrometer-sized LC droplets remained efficient for the triggered change in ordering transition from bipolar (having boojum defects at poles) to radial (with a single defect in the center) configuration. Eventually, a simple and fundamentally distinct chemical strategy of immobilizing a soft and functional material by associating bio-inspired wettability allowed to demonstrate the repetitive triggered LC ordering transition in a single and bare LC droplet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angana Borbora
- Bio-Inspired Polymeric Materials Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam 781039, India
| | - Uttam Manna
- Bio-Inspired Polymeric Materials Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam 781039, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam 781039, India
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam 781039, India
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5
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Liu J, Wang T, Xiao J, Yu L. Portable liquid crystal droplet array in the capillary for rapid and sensitive detection of organophosphate nerve agents. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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6
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Uchida J, Soberats B, Gupta M, Kato T. Advanced Functional Liquid Crystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2109063. [PMID: 35034382 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystals have been intensively studied as functional materials. Recently, integration of various disciplines has led to new directions in the design of functional liquid-crystalline materials in the fields of energy, water, photonics, actuation, sensing, and biotechnology. Here, recent advances in functional liquid crystals based on polymers, supramolecular complexes, gels, colloids, and inorganic-based hybrids are reviewed, from design strategies to functionalization of these materials and interfaces. New insights into liquid crystals provided by significant progress in advanced measurements and computational simulations, which enhance new design and functionalization of liquid-crystalline materials, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Uchida
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Bartolome Soberats
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. Valldemossa Km. 7.5, Palma de Mallorca, 07122, Spain
| | - Monika Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takashi Kato
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Shinshu University, Wakasato, Nagano, 380-8553, Japan
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7
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Ma H, Lu S, Xie Q, Wang T, Lu H, Yu L. A stable liquid crystals sensing platform decorated with cationic surfactant for detecting thrombin. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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8
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Khan M, Liu S, Qi L, Ma C, Munir S, Yu L, Hu Q. Liquid crystal-based sensors for the detection of biomarkers at the aqueous/LC interface. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Jeon DY, Jang C. Simple and Label‐Free Liquid‐Crystal‐Based Detection of Acetylcholinesterase through Interactions between Liquid Crystals and Oil‐in‐Water Emulsion Droplets. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yoon Jeon
- Department of Bionano Technology Gachon University Seongnam-daero 1342, Sujeong-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang‐Hyun Jang
- Department of Chemistry Gachon University Seongnam-daero 1342, Sujeong-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea
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10
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Nandi R, Jain V, Devi M, Gupta T, Pal SK. Hydrogen bond assisted anchoring transitions in nematic liquid crystals at the aqueous interface. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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Sun H, Yin F, Liu X, Jiang T, Ma Y, Gao G, Shi J, Hu Q. Development of a liquid crystal-based α-glucosidase assay to detect anti-diabetic drugs. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Agarwal H, Nyffeler KE, Manna U, Blackwell HE, Lynn DM. Liquid Crystal-Infused Porous Polymer Surfaces: A "Slippery" Soft Material Platform for the Naked-Eye Detection and Discrimination of Amphiphilic Species. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:33652-33663. [PMID: 34236833 PMCID: PMC8459213 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report the design and characterization of liquid crystal (LC)-infused porous polymer membranes that can detect and report on the presence of natural and synthetic amphiphiles in aqueous solution. We demonstrate that thermotropic LCs can be infused into nanoporous polymer membranes to yield LC-infused surfaces that exhibit slippery behaviors in contact with a range of aqueous fluids. In contrast to conventional liquid-infused surfaces (LIS) or slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) prepared using isotropic oils, aqueous solutions slide over the surfaces of these LC-infused materials at speeds that depend strongly upon the composition of the fluid, including the presence, concentration, or structure of a dissolved surfactant. In general, the sliding times of aqueous droplets on these LC-infused surfaces increase significantly (e.g., from times on the order of seconds to times on the order of minutes) with increasing amphiphile concentration, allowing sliding times to be used to estimate the concentration of the amphiphile. Additional experiments revealed other intrinsic and extrinsic variables or parameters that can be used to further manipulate droplet sliding times and discriminate among amphiphiles of similar structure. Our results are consistent with a physical picture that involves reversible changes in the interfacial orientation of anisotropic LCs mediated by the interfacial adsorption of amphiphiles. These materials thus permit facile "naked-eye" detection and discrimination of amphiphiles in aqueous samples using equipment no more sophisticated than a stopwatch. We demonstrate the potential utility of these LC-infused surfaces for the unaided, naked-eye detection and monitoring of amphiphilic biotoxins in small droplets of fluid extracted directly from cultures of two common bacterial pathogens (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus). The ability to translate molecular interactions at aqueous/LC interfaces into large and readily observed changes in the sliding times of small aqueous droplets on surfaces could open the door to new applications for antifouling, liquid-infused materials in the context of environmental sensing and other fundamental and applied areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshit Agarwal
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kayleigh E Nyffeler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Microbiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Uttam Manna
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Helen E Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - David M Lynn
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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13
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Chang JJ, Huang JW, Lin CF, Liu SW, Chen CH. Enhancing the signal contrast ratio and stability of liquid crystal-based sensors by using fine grids made by photolithography of photoresists. Analyst 2021; 146:3834-3840. [PMID: 33913955 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00332a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We prepared fine grid patterns on a glass substrate through photolithography of photoresists; we filled photoresist grids with liquid crystals (LCs) to construct LC-based sensors. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the photoresist grids were flat, smooth, and 3.0-8.0 μm thick. In contrast to conventional LC-based sensors, in which LCs are filled in metal grids placed on glass substrates, our results proved that LC-based sensors constructed using photoresist grids exhibited a larger signal contrast ratio, better signal stability in aqueous solutions and lower limit of detection for mercuric ions. All these characteristics enhanced the performance of the LC-based sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Jung Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan. and Department of Electronic Engineering and Organic Electronics Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan.
| | - Jhih-Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Feng Lin
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Organic Electronics Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan.
| | - Shun-Wei Liu
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Organic Electronics Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
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14
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Detection of bleomycin and its hydrolase by the cationic surfactant-doped liquid crystal-based sensing platform. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1150:338247. [PMID: 33583545 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Bleomycin (BLM) is a broadly used antibiotic to treat different types of cancer. It can be hydrolyzed by bleomycin hydrolase (BLMH), which eventually influences the anti-tumor efficacy of BLM. Therefore, it is particularly important to detect BLM and BLMH. Herein, we demonstrated highly sensitive detection of BLM and BLMH by a simple and convenient liquid crystal (LC)-based sensing platform for the first time. 5CB (a nematic LC) doped with the cationic surfactant OTAB was working as the sensing platform. When the OTAB-laden 5CB interface was in contact with an aqueous solution of ssDNA, LCs displayed a bright image due to disruption of the arrangement of OTAB monolayers by ssDNA, indicating the planar orientation of LCs at the aqueous/LC interface. When BLM·Fe(II) and ssDNA were both present in the aqueous solution, ssDNA underwent irreversible cleavage, which prevented disruption of the arrangement of OTAB monolayers. Accordingly, LCs showed a dark image, suggesting the homeotropic orientation of LCs at the aqueous/LC interface. However, when BLM·Fe(II) was enzymatically hydrolyzed by BLMH, LCs remained the bright image. This approach showed high sensitivity for the detection of BLM and BLMH with the limits of detection of 0.2 nM and 0.3 ng/mL, respectively. Besides, the detection of BLM and BLMH was successfully achieved in human serum. This method has the advantages of high sensitivity, robust stability, simple operation, low cost, and easy detection through naked eyes, which makes it a potential candidate for applications in clinical analysis.
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15
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Yang X, Li H, Zhao X, Liao W, Zhang CX, Yang Z. A novel, label-free liquid crystal biosensor for Parkinson's disease related alpha-synuclein. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5441-5444. [PMID: 32292959 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01025a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A liquid crystal biosensor based on DNA aptamer for sensitive detection of Parkinson's Disease (PD) related alpha-synuclein was developed. This LC biosensor is constructed using a simple and label free method, and it not only enables early PD diagnosis, but also provides a general platform for detection based on DNA aptamer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Haiyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Xiaofang Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Liao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Claire Xi Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhongqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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16
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Dan A, Aery S, Zhang S, Baker DL, Gleeson HF, Sarkar A. Protein Microgel-Stabilized Pickering Liquid Crystal Emulsions Undergo Analyte-Triggered Configurational Transition. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:10091-10102. [PMID: 32787024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a novel approach that involves Pickering stabilization of micometer-sized liquid crystal (LC) droplets with biocompatible soft materials such as a whey protein microgel (WPM) to facilitate the analysis of analyte-induced configurational transition of the LC droplets. The WPM particles were able to irreversibly adsorb at the LC-water interface, and the resulting WPM-stabilized LC droplets possessed a remarkable stability against coalescence over time. Although the LC droplets were successfully protected by a continuous network of the WPM layer, the LC-water interface was still accessible for small molecules such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) that could diffuse through the meshes of the adsorbed WPM network or through the interfacial pores and induce an LC response. This approach was exploited to investigate the dynamic range of the WPM-stabilized LC droplet response to SDS. Nevertheless, the presence of the unadsorbed WPM in the aqueous medium reduced the access of SDS molecules to the LC droplets, thus suppressing the configuration transition. An improved LC response to SDS with a lower detection limit was achieved after washing off the unadsorbed WPM. Interestingly, the LC exhibited a detection limit as low as ∼0.85 mM for SDS within the initial WPM concentration ranging from 0.005 to 0.1 wt %. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the dose-response behavior was strongly influenced by the number of droplets exposed to the aqueous analytes and the type of surfactants such as anionic SDS, cationic dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), and nonionic tetra(ethylene glycol)monododecyl ether (C12E4). Thus, our results address key issues associated with the quantification of aqueous analytes and provide a promising colloidal platform toward the development of new classes of biocompatible LC droplet-based optical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Dan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University - Chandigarh, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Shikha Aery
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University - Chandigarh, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Shuning Zhang
- Food Colloids and Bioprocessing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Daniel L Baker
- Soft Matter Physics Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Helen F Gleeson
- Soft Matter Physics Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Anwesha Sarkar
- Food Colloids and Bioprocessing Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
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17
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Zhou L, Su Q, Wu F, Wan Y, Xu P, Dong A, Li Q, Qian W. Using Reflectometric Interference Spectroscopy to Real-Time Monitor Amphiphile-Induced Orientational Responses of Liquid-Crystal-Loaded Silica Colloidal Crystal Films. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12071-12078. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lele Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Qianqian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yizhen Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Ao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Weiping Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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18
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Ortiz BJ, Boursier ME, Barrett KL, Manson DE, Amador-Noguez D, Abbott NL, Blackwell HE, Lynn DM. Liquid Crystal Emulsions That Intercept and Report on Bacterial Quorum Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:29056-29065. [PMID: 32484648 PMCID: PMC7343617 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report aqueous emulsions of thermotropic liquid crystals (LCs) that can intercept and report on the presence of N-acyl-l-homoserine lactones (AHLs), a class of amphiphiles used by pathogenic bacteria to regulate quorum sensing (QS), monitor population densities, and initiate group activities, including biofilm formation and virulence factor production. The concentration of AHL required to promote "bipolar" to "radial" transitions in micrometer-scale droplets of the nematic LC 4'-pentyl-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) decreases with increasing carbon number in the acyl tail, reaching a threshold concentration of 7.1 μM for 3-oxo-C12-AHL, a native QS signal in the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The LC droplets in these emulsions also respond to biologically relevant concentrations of the biosurfactant rhamnolipid, a virulence factor produced by communities of P. aeruginosa under the control of QS. Systematic studies using bacterial mutants support the conclusion that these emulsions respond selectively to the production of rhamnolipid and AHLs and not to other products produced by bacteria at lower (subquorate) population densities. Finally, these emulsions remain configurationally stable in growth media, enabling them to be deployed either in bacterial supernatants or in situ in bacterial cultures to eavesdrop on QS and report on changes in bacterial group behavior that can be detected in real time using polarized light. Our results provide new tools to detect and report on bacterial QS and virulence and a materials platform for the rapid and in situ monitoring of bacterial communication and resulting group behaviors in bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamín J Ortiz
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Michelle E Boursier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kelsey L Barrett
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Daniel E Manson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Daniel Amador-Noguez
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Nicholas L Abbott
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Helen E Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - David M Lynn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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19
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Agarose dispersed liquid crystals as a soft sensing platform for detecting mercuric ions in water. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-019-03978-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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20
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Influence of polymer networks on the sensor properties of hydrogel dispersed liquid crystal droplets. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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21
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Nandi R, Loitongbam L, De J, Jain V, Pal SK. Gold nanoparticle-mediated signal amplification of liquid crystal biosensors for dopamine. Analyst 2019; 144:1110-1114. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an02171f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A new design was developed for detection of dopamine using a boronic acid based amphiphile at aqueous–liquid crystal interface. The detection was highly enhanced in presence of gold nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Nandi
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli-140306
- India
| | - Lisha Loitongbam
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli-140306
- India
| | - Joydip De
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli-140306
- India
| | - Varsha Jain
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli-140306
- India
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli-140306
- India
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22
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A liquid crystal based method for detection of urease activity and heavy metal ions by using stimulus-responsive surfactant-encapsulated phosphotungstate clusters. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 186:27. [PMID: 30564901 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-3132-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A liquid crystal (LC) based method is described for the sensitive determination of the activity of urease and of heavy metal ions which acts as inhibitors. Stimulus-responsive surfactant-encapsulated phosphotungstate clusters (SECs) were fabricated and deposited onto octadecyltrichlorosilane-coated glass. A copper TEM grid filled with LCs was placed on the substrate to construct the LC optical cell. Upon addition of water to the LC interface, the optical appearance of LCs on the glass undergoes a bright-to-dark shift due to an orientational transition of the LCs from a planar to a homeotropic state. However, the LCs display a bright appearance if they are pretreated with an aqueous solution containing urea and urease. This is caused by the disassemby of the SECs from the glass surface due to an increase of the pH value that is induced by the enzymatic hydrolysis of urea by urease. The method is highly sensitive and can detect urease activities as low as 0.03 mU/mL. It can also be applied to the determination of heavy metal ions which exert an inhibitory effect on the activity of urease. For example, Cu(II) can be quantified via urease inhibition in 1 nM concentration. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a liquid crystal-based sensor for detection of urease and heavy metal ions by using stimulus-responsive surfactant-encapsulated phosphotungstate clusters.
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23
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Abstract
Proteases play a pivotal role in regulating important physiological processes from food digestion to blood clotting. They are also important biomarkers for many diseases such as cancers. The importance of proteases has led to extensive efforts in the screening of proteases and their inhibitors as potential drug molecules. For example, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients have been treated with HIV-1 protease inhibitors to prolong the life expectancy of patients. Such a close relationship between diseases and proteases provides a strong motivation for developing sensitive, selective, and robust protease assays and sensors, which can be exploited to discover new proteases and inhibitors. In this aspect, protease assays based on levels of proteolytic activities are more relevant than protease affinity assays such as immunoassays. In this review, recent developments of protease activity assays based on different detection principles are discussed and compared. For homogenous assays, fluorescence-based techniques are the most popular due to their high sensitivity and quantitative results. However, homogeneous assays have limited multiplex sensing capabilities. In contrast, heterogeneous assays can be employed to detect multiple proteases simultaneously, given the microarray technology that is already available. Among them, electrochemical methods, surface spectroscopy techniques, and enzyme-linked peptide protease assays are commonly used. Finally, recent developments in liquid crystal (LC)-based protease assays and their applications for detecting proteases and their inhibitors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kun-Lin Yang
- National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585.
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24
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Qi L, Hu Q, Kang Q, Yu L. Fabrication of Liquid-Crystal-Based Optical Sensing Platform for Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide and Blood Glucose. Anal Chem 2018; 90:11607-11613. [PMID: 30184427 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate determination of H2O2 is of great importance in practical applications. In this study, we demonstrate construction of liquid-crystal (LC)-based sensing platforms for sensitive and real-time detection of H2O2 with high accuracy for the first time. Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) adsorbed onto the surface of nanoceria is released to the aqueous solution in the presence of H2O2, which disrupts arrangement of the self-assembled cationic surfactant monolayer decorated at the aqueous/LC interface. Thus, the orientation of LCs changes from a homeotropic to planar state, leading to change in the optical response from dark-to-bright appearance. As H2O2 can be produced during oxidation of glucose by glucose oxidase (GOx), detection of glucose is also fulfilled by employing the H2O2 sensing platform. Our system can detect H2O2 and glucose with concentrations as low as 28.9 nM and 0.52 μM, respectively. It shows high promise of using LC-based sensors for the detection of H2O2 and its relevant biomarkers in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry , Shandong University, Ministry of Education , Jinan 250100 , PR China
| | - Qiongzheng Hu
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies , 10010 N Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Qi Kang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , PR China
| | - Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry , Shandong University, Ministry of Education , Jinan 250100 , PR China
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25
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Abstract
Liquid crystal (LC) based optical sensors have been found to be very promising for detecting aqueous biological samples due to the ease of optical detection, their cost effectiveness and the removal of the need for labelling biological species with fluorescent dyes. To date, all LC based sensors are studied in laboratories using conventional polarizing optical microscopy (POM), and no attention has been paid towards the fabrication of portable LC sensing devices for use in commercial purposes. Here, we designed and fabricated a 3D printed portable, lightweight, and inexpensive sensing device using a smartphone to detect the optical signal of LC based sensors. The accuracy of the optical signal using the fabricated sensing device is similar to that obtained using conventional POM. The fabricated sensing device, using a smartphone, gives a novel and new platform to LC based sensors for practical applications in the industrial world and people's daily lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Nandi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge City, Manauli-140306, India.
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26
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Deng J, Wang X, Liang W, Richardson D, Lu Q, Fang J. Surface modified liquid crystal droplets as an optical probe for the detection of bile acids in microfluidic channels. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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27
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Popov P, Mann EK, Jákli A. Thermotropic liquid crystal films for biosensors and beyond. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:5061-5078. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00809k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent results on structural properties and possible bio-sensing applications of planar liquid crystal films are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Popov
- Department of Physics
- Kent State University
- Kent
- USA
- Liquid Crystal Institute
| | | | - Antal Jákli
- Liquid Crystal Institute
- Kent State University
- Kent
- USA
- Complex Fluid Group
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28
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Wang Y, Hu Q, Tian T, Gao Y, Yu L. A liquid crystal-based sensor for the simple and sensitive detection of cellulase and cysteine. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 147:100-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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29
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Tian T, Hu Q, Wang Y, Gao Y, Yu L. Reversible Photoresponsive Molecular Alignment of Liquid Crystals at Fluid Interfaces with Persistent Stability. Chemistry 2016; 22:6340-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry; Shandong University, Ministry of Education; No.27 Shanda Nanlu Jinan 250100 PR China)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Qufu Normal University; Qufu 273165 PR China
| | - Qiongzheng Hu
- Department of Chemistry; University of Houston; Houston Texas 77204 United States
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry; Shandong University, Ministry of Education; No.27 Shanda Nanlu Jinan 250100 PR China)
| | - Yanan Gao
- China Ionic Liquid Laboratory; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 PR China
| | - Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry; Shandong University, Ministry of Education; No.27 Shanda Nanlu Jinan 250100 PR China)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Qufu Normal University; Qufu 273165 PR China
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30
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Guo X, Manna U, Abbott NL, Lynn DM. Covalent Immobilization of Caged Liquid Crystal Microdroplets on Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:26892-903. [PMID: 26562466 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b09595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Microscale droplets of thermotropic liquid crystals (LCs) suspended in aqueous media (e.g., LC-in-water emulsions) respond sensitively to the presence of contaminating amphiphiles and, thus, provide promising platforms for the development of new classes of droplet-based environmental sensors. Here, we report polymer-based approaches to the immobilization of LC droplets on surfaces; these approaches introduce several new properties and droplet behaviors and thus also expand the potential utility of LC droplet-based sensors. Our approach exploits the properties of microscale droplets of LCs contained within polymer-based microcapsule cages (so-called "caged" LCs). We demonstrate that caged LCs functionalized with primary amine groups can be immobilized on model surfaces through both weak/reversible ionic interactions and stronger reactive/covalent interactions. We demonstrate using polarized light microscopy that caged LCs that are covalently immobilized on surfaces can undergo rapid and diagnostic changes in shape, rotational mobility, and optical appearance upon the addition of amphiphiles to surrounding aqueous media, including many useful changes in these features that cannot be attained using freely suspended or surface-adsorbed LC droplets. Our results reveal these amphiphile-triggered orientational transitions to be reversible and that arrays of immobilized caged LCs can be used (and reused) to detect both increases and decreases in the concentrations of model contaminants. Finally, we report changes in the shapes and optical appearances of LC droplets that occur when immobilized caged LCs are removed from aqueous environments and dried, and we demonstrate that dried arrays can be stored for months without losing the ability to respond to the presence of analytes upon rehydration. Our results address practical issues associated with the preparation, characterization, storage, and point-of-use application of conventional LC-in-water emulsions and provide a basis for approaches that could enable the development of new "off-the-shelf" LC droplet-based sensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanrong Guo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Uttam Manna
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Nicholas L Abbott
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - David M Lynn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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31
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Carter MD, Miller DS, Jennings J, Wang X, Mahanthappa MK, Abbott NL, Lynn DM. Synthetic Mimics of Bacterial Lipid A Trigger Optical Transitions in Liquid Crystal Microdroplets at Ultralow Picogram-per-Milliliter Concentrations. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:12850-12855. [PMID: 26562069 PMCID: PMC4671391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report synthetic six-tailed mimics of the bacterial glycolipid Lipid A that trigger changes in the internal ordering of water-dispersed liquid crystal (LC) microdroplets at ultralow (picogram-per-milliliter) concentrations. These molecules represent the first class of synthetic amphiphiles to mimic the ability of Lipid A and bacterial endotoxins to trigger optical responses in LC droplets at these ultralow concentrations. This behavior stands in contrast to all previously reported synthetic surfactants and lipids, which require near-complete monolayer coverage at the LC droplet surface to trigger ordering transitions. Surface-pressure measurements and SAXS experiments reveal these six-tailed synthetic amphiphiles to mimic key aspects of the self-assembly of Lipid A at aqueous interfaces and in solution. These and other results suggest that these amphiphiles trigger orientational transitions at ultralow concentrations through a unique mechanism that is similar to that of Lipid A and involves formation of inverted self-associated nanostructures at topological defects in the LC droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew
C. D. Carter
- Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Daniel S. Miller
- Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - James Jennings
- Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Xiaoguang Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Mahesh K. Mahanthappa
- Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Nicholas L. Abbott
- Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - David M. Lynn
- Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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32
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Ma CD, Adamiak L, Miller DS, Wang X, Gianneschi NC, Abbott NL. Liquid Crystal Interfaces Programmed with Enzyme-Responsive Polymers and Surfactants. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:5747-5751. [PMID: 26418129 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201502137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of biologically active peptide-polymer amphiphiles (PPAs), and characterization of assemblies formed by PPAs at the interfaces of liquid crystal (LC) microdroplets, is shown to permit the use of PPAs in strategies that can trigger ordering transitions in LC microdroplets in response to targeted biomolecular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Derek Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - Lisa Adamiak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA
| | - Daniel S Miller
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
| | - Nathan C Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA
| | - Nicholas L Abbott
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA
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33
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Zhong S, Jang CH. Nematic liquid crystals confined in microcapillaries for imaging phenomena at liquid-liquid interfaces. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:6999-7004. [PMID: 26238313 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm01320h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the development of an experimental system based on liquid crystals (LCs) confined in microcapillaries for imaging interfacial phenomena. The inner surfaces of the microcapillaries were modified with octadecyltrichlorosilane to promote an escaped-radial configuration of LCs. We checked the optical appearance of the capillary-confined LCs under a crossed polarizing microscope and determined their arrangement based on side and top views. We then placed the capillary-confined LCs in contact with non-surfactant and surfactant solutions, producing characteristic textures of two bright lines and a four-petal shape, respectively. We also evaluated the sensitivity, stability, and reusability of the system. Our imaging system was more sensitive than previously reported LC thin film systems. The textures formed in microcapillaries were stable for more than 120 h and the capillaries could be reused at least 10 times. Finally, we successfully applied our system to image the interactions of phospholipids and bivalent metal ions. In summary, we developed a simple, small, portable, sensitive, stable, and reusable experimental system that can be broadly applied to monitor liquid-liquid interfacial phenomena. These results provide valuable information for designs using confined LCs as chemoresponsive materials in optical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghong Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Gachon University, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 461-701, Korea.
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34
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A cationic surfactant-decorated liquid crystal sensing platform for simple and sensitive detection of acetylcholinesterase and its inhibitor. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 72:25-30. [PMID: 25957073 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, construction of the liquid crystal (LC)-based sensing platform for simple and sensitive detection of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and its inhibitor using a cationic surfactant-decorated LC interface was demonstrated. A change of the optical images of LCs from bright to dark appearance was observed when the cationic surfactant, myristoylcholine chloride (Myr), was transferred onto the aqueous/LC interface, due to the formation of a stable surfactant monolayer at the interface. A dark-to-bright change of the optical appearance was then observed when AChE was transferred onto the Myr-decorated LC interface. The sensitivity of this new type of LC-based sensor is 3 orders of magnitude higher in the serum albumin solution than that only in the buffer solution. Noteworthy is that the AChE LC sensor shows a very high sensitivity for the detection of the enzyme inhibitor, which is around 1 fM. The constructed low-cost LC-based sensor is quite simple and convenient, showing high promise for label-free detection of AChE and its inhibitors.
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35
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Wang X, Yang P, Mondiot F, Li Y, Miller DS, Chen Z, Abbott NL. Interfacial ordering of thermotropic liquid crystals triggered by the secondary structures of oligopeptides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:16844-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06996c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ordering at phospholipid-decorated interfaces of liquid crystals is influenced by the secondary structure of oligopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Madison
- USA
| | - Pei Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
| | - Frederic Mondiot
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Madison
- USA
| | - Yaoxin Li
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
| | - Daniel S. Miller
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Madison
- USA
| | - Zhan Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
| | - Nicholas L. Abbott
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- University of Wisconsin-Madison
- Madison
- USA
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