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Veselov MM, Efremova MV, Prusov AN, Klyachko NL. Up- and Down-Regulation of Enzyme Activity in Aggregates with Gold-Covered Magnetic Nanoparticles Triggered by Low-Frequency Magnetic Field. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:411. [PMID: 38470742 DOI: 10.3390/nano14050411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The modern global trend toward sustainable processes that meet the requirements of "green chemistry" provides new opportunities for the broad application of highly active, selective, and specific enzymatic reactions. However, the effective application of enzymes in industrial processes requires the development of systems for the remote regulation of their activity triggered by external physical stimuli, one of which is a low-frequency magnetic field (LFMF). Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) transform the energy of an LFMF into mechanical forces and deformations applied to enzyme molecules on the surfaces of MNPs. Here, we demonstrate the up- and down-regulation of two biotechnologically important enzymes, yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (YADH) and soybean formate dehydrogenase (FDH), in aggregates with gold-covered magnetic nanoparticles (GCMNPs) triggered by an LFMF. Two types of aggregates, "dimeric" (with the enzyme attached to several GCMNPs simultaneously), with YADH or FDH, and "monomeric" (the enzyme attached to only one GCMNP), with FDH, were synthesized. Depending on the aggregate type ("dimeric" or "monomeric"), LFMF treatment led to a decrease (down-regulation) or an increase (up-regulation) in enzyme activity. For "dimeric" aggregates, we observed 67 ± 9% and 47 ± 7% decreases in enzyme activity under LFMF exposure for YADH and FDH, respectively. Moreover, in the case of YADH, varying the enzyme or the cross-linking agent concentration led to different magnitudes of the LFMF effect, which was more significant at lower enzyme and higher cross-linking agent concentrations. Different responses to LFMF exposure depending on cofactor presence were also demonstrated. This effect might result from a varying cofactor binding efficiency to enzymes. For the "monomeric" aggregates with FDH, the LFMF treatment caused a significant increase in enzyme activity; the magnitude of this effect depended on the cofactor type: we observed up to 40% enzyme up-regulation in the case of NADP+, while almost no effect was observed in the case of NAD+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim M Veselov
- School of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Maria V Efremova
- School of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Department of Applied Physics and Science Education, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Andrey N Prusov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Natalia L Klyachko
- School of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Chen Z, Zhao Y, Liu Y. Advanced Strategies in Enzyme Activity Regulation for Biomedical Applications. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200358. [PMID: 35896516 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes are important macromolecular biocatalysts that accelerate chemical and biochemical reactions in living organisms. Most human diseases are related to alterations in enzyme activity. Moreover, enzymes are potential therapeutic tools for treating different diseases, such as cancer, infections, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Precise remote enzyme activity regulation provides new opportunities to combat diseases. This review summarizes recent advances in the field of enzyme activity regulation, including reversible and irreversible regulation. It also discusses the mechanisms and approaches for on-demand control of these activities. Furthermore, a range of stimulus-responsive inhibitors, polymers, and nanoparticles for regulating enzyme activity and their prospective biomedical applications are summarized. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives on enzyme activity regulation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Chen
- Nankai University, College of Chemistry, Tianjin, CHINA
| | - Yu Zhao
- Nankai University, College of Chemistry, Tianjin, CHINA
| | - Yang Liu
- Nankai University, College of Chemistry, 94 Weijin Rd., Mengminwei Bldg 412, 300071, Tianjin, CHINA
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Yu H, Feng J, Zhong F, Wu Y. Chemical Modification for the "off-/on" Regulation of Enzyme Activity. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200195. [PMID: 35482602 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes with excellent catalytic performance play important roles in living organisms. Advances in strategies for enzyme chemical modification have enabled powerful strategies for exploring and manipulating enzyme functions and activities. Based on the development of chemical enzyme modifications, incorporating external stimuli-responsive features-for example, responsivity to light, voltage, magnetic force, pH, temperature, redox activity, and small molecules-into a target enzyme to turn "on" and "off" its activity has attracted much attention. The ability to precisely control enzyme activity using different approaches would greatly expand the chemical biology toolbox for clarification and detection of signal transduction and in vivo enzyme function and significantly promote enzyme-based disease therapy. This review summarizes the methods available for chemical enzyme modification mainly for the off-/on control of enzyme activity and particularly highlights the recent progress regarding the applications of this strategy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaibin Yu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiayi Feng
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Fangrui Zhong
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yuzhou Wu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Agarwal PK, Bernard DN, Bafna K, Doucet N. Enzyme dynamics: Looking beyond a single structure. ChemCatChem 2020; 12:4704-4720. [PMID: 33897908 PMCID: PMC8064270 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Conventional understanding of how enzymes function strongly emphasizes the role of structure. However, increasing evidence clearly indicates that enzymes do not remain fixed or operate exclusively in or close to their native structure. Different parts of the enzyme (from individual residues to full domains) undergo concerted motions on a wide range of time-scales, including that of the catalyzed reaction. Information obtained on these internal motions and conformational fluctuations has so far uncovered and explained many aspects of enzyme mechanisms, which could not have been understood from a single structure alone. Although there is wide interest in understanding enzyme dynamics and its role in catalysis, several challenges remain. In addition to technical difficulties, the vast majority of investigations are performed in dilute aqueous solutions, where conditions are significantly different than the cellular milieu where a large number of enzymes operate. In this review, we discuss recent developments, several challenges as well as opportunities related to this topic. The benefits of considering dynamics as an integral part of the enzyme function can also enable new means of biocatalysis, engineering enzymes for industrial and medicinal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratul K. Agarwal
- Department of Physiological Sciences and High-Performance Computing Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
- Arium BioLabs, 2519 Caspian Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932
| | - David N. Bernard
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Quebec, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Khushboo Bafna
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180
| | - Nicolas Doucet
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Quebec, H7V 1B7, Canada
- PROTEO, the Quebec Network for Research on Protein Function, Structure, and Engineering, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
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Claaßen C, Gerlach T, Rother D. Stimulus-Responsive Regulation of Enzyme Activity for One-Step and Multi-Step Syntheses. Adv Synth Catal 2019; 361:2387-2401. [PMID: 31244574 PMCID: PMC6582597 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Multi-step biocatalytic reactions have gained increasing importance in recent years because the combination of different enzymes enables the synthesis of a broad variety of industrially relevant products. However, the more enzymes combined, the more crucial it is to avoid cross-reactivity in these cascade reactions and thus achieve high product yields and high purities. The selective control of enzyme activity, i.e., remote on-/off-switching of enzymes, might be a suitable tool to avoid the formation of unwanted by-products in multi-enzyme reactions. This review compiles a range of methods that are known to modulate enzyme activity in a stimulus-responsive manner. It focuses predominantly on in vitro systems and is subdivided into reversible and irreversible enzyme activity control. Furthermore, a discussion section provides indications as to which factors should be considered when designing and choosing activity control systems for biocatalysis. Finally, an outlook is given regarding the future prospects of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Claaßen
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences – Biotechnology (IBG-1)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425JülichGermany
| | - Tim Gerlach
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences – Biotechnology (IBG-1)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425JülichGermany
- Aachen Biology and Biotechnology (ABBt)RWTH Aachen University52074AachenGermany
| | - Dörte Rother
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences – Biotechnology (IBG-1)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425JülichGermany
- Aachen Biology and Biotechnology (ABBt)RWTH Aachen University52074AachenGermany
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Mousli Y, Rouvière L, Traboulsi I, Hunel J, Buffeteau T, Heuzé K, Vellutini L, Genin E. Hydrosilylation of Azide-Containing Olefins as a Convenient Access to Azidoorganotrialkoxysilanes for Self-Assembled Monolayer Elaboration onto Silica by Spin Coating. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Mousli
- ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS; University of Bordeaux; F-33400 Talence France
| | - Lisa Rouvière
- ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS; University of Bordeaux; F-33400 Talence France
| | - Iman Traboulsi
- ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS; University of Bordeaux; F-33400 Talence France
| | - Julien Hunel
- ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS; University of Bordeaux; F-33400 Talence France
| | | | - Karine Heuzé
- ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS; University of Bordeaux; F-33400 Talence France
| | - Luc Vellutini
- ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS; University of Bordeaux; F-33400 Talence France
| | - Emilie Genin
- ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS; University of Bordeaux; F-33400 Talence France
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7
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Liu Y, Gao X, Wei D, Ren Y. Reversible Photocontrol of Lipase Activity by Incorporating a Photoswitch into the Lid Domain. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201700045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Dongzhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yuhong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 China
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8
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Dübner M, Cadarso VJ, Gevrek TN, Sanyal A, Spencer ND, Padeste C. Reversible Light-Switching of Enzymatic Activity on Orthogonally Functionalized Polymer Brushes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:9245-9249. [PMID: 28266210 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Copolymer brushes, composed of glycidyl methacrylate and a furan-protected maleimide-containing monomer, were grafted from radical initiators at the surface of irradiation-activated fluoropolymer foils. After postpolymerization modification with enzymatically active microperoxidase-11 and photochromic spiropyran moieties, the polymer brushes catalyzed the oxidation of 3,3'5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine. Exposure to either UV or visible-light allowed switching the turnover by more than 1 order of magnitude, as consequence of the reversible, light-induced spiropyran-merocyanine transition. The modified samples were integrated into an optofluidic device that allowed the reversible switching of enzymatic activity for several cycles under flow, validating the potential for application in smart lab-on-a-chip systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Dübner
- Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institute , 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich , 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Victor J Cadarso
- Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institute , 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Tugce N Gevrek
- Department of Chemistry, Bogazici University , 34342 Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amitav Sanyal
- Department of Chemistry, Bogazici University , 34342 Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nicholas D Spencer
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich , 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Celestino Padeste
- Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institute , 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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Fujita K, Fujiwara S, Yamada T, Tsuchido Y, Hashimoto T, Hayashita T. Design and Function of Supramolecular Recognition Systems Based on Guest-Targeting Probe-Modified Cyclodextrin Receptors for ATP. J Org Chem 2017; 82:976-981. [PMID: 27997800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have developed a rational design strategy to obtain highly selective supramolecular recognition systems of cyclodextrins (CyDs) on the basis of the lock and key principle. We designed and synthesized dipicolylamine (dpa)-modified γ-CyD-Cu2+ complexes possessing an azobenzene unit (Cu·1-γ-CyD) and examined how they recognized phosphoric acid derivatives in water. The results revealed that Cu·1-γ-CyD recognized ATP with high selectivity over other phosphoric acid derivatives. The significant blue shift in the UV-vis spectra and 1H NMR analysis suggested that the selective ATP recognition was based on the multipoint interactions between the adenine moiety of ATP and both the CyD cavity and the azobenzene unit in addition to the recognition of phosphoric moieties by the Cu-dpa complex site. Our unique receptor made it capable of distinguishing ATP from AMP and ADP, revealing the discrimination of even a length of one phosphoric group. This study demonstrates that, compared to conventional recognition systems of CyDs, this multipoint recognition system confers a higher degree of selectivity for certain organic molecules, such as ATP, over their similar derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohhei Fujita
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University , 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shoji Fujiwara
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University , 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Tatsuru Yamada
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University , 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Yuji Tsuchido
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University , 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hashimoto
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University , 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Takashi Hayashita
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University , 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
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