Efficient Ru-Catalyzed Electrochemical Homo- and Heterocoupling Reaction of Terminal Alkynes: Synthesis, In Vitro Anticancer Activity, and Docking Study

With the objective to identify novel anticancer leads, herein ruthenium-catalyzed electrochemical homo- and heterocoupling reactions of terminal alkynes have been developed for the synthesis of the desired products. Among the synthesized 1,3-diynes, some of them were rigorously examined for possible in vitro anticancer activity against HeLa (human cervical cancer) and L6 normal (rat skeletal muscle) cell lines. Additionally, the docking study was also performed toward 16 ovarian cancer targets with binding affinity calculations with respect to the standard. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first scientific report on the ruthenium-catalyzed electrochemical homocoupling reaction between terminal alkynes with its in vitro anticancer and in silico docking studies.

Iron-Catalyzed Cadiot-Chodkiewicz Coupling with High Selectivity in Water under Air

An iron-based catalytic system was developed for the cross-coupling of 1-bromoalkynes with terminal alkynes to selectively generate unsymmetrical 1,3-butadiynes in water under air. It was found that a combination of 1-bromoalkynes derived from less acidic terminal alkynes with more acidic counterparts would greatly enhance yields and selectivity for unsymmetrical 1,3-butadiynes. The reaction was also applicable for the synthesis of unsymmetrical 1,3,5-hexatriynes through coupling of 1-bromoalkynes and trimethylsilyl-protected 1,3-butadiynes in a one-pot manner.

Recent trends and applications of the Cadiot–Chodkiewicz reaction

The Cadiot–Chodkiewicz reaction offers an elegant strategy for the formation of 1,3-diynes via Cu-catalyzed cross-coupling of alkynyl halides with terminal alkynes in the presence of an amine.

Photochemical Dual-Catalytic Synthesis of Alkynyl Sulfides

A photochemical dual-catalytic cross-coupling to form alkynyl sulfides via C(sp)-S bond formation is described. The cross-coupling of thiols and bromoalkynes is promoted by a soluble organic carbazole-based photocatalyst using continuous flow techniques. Synthesis of alkynyl sulfides bearing a wide range of electronically and sterically diverse aromatic alkynes and thiols can be achieved in good to excellent yields (50-96 %). The simple continuous flow setup also allows for short reaction times (30 min) and high reproducibility on gram scale. In addition, we report the first application of photoredox/nickel dual catalysis towards macrocyclization, as well as the first example of the incorporation of an alkynyl sulfide functional group into a macrocyclic scaffold.

“Anti-Michael addition” of Grignard reagents to sulfonylacetylenes: synthesis of alkynes

The addition of Grignard reagents to arylsulfonylacetylenes, which undergoes an “anti-Michael addition”, resulting in their alkynylation under very mild conditions is described.

Copper-catalyzed C–C direct cross-coupling: an efficient approach to phenyl-2-(phenylthiophenyl)-methanones

An efficient copper-catalyzed C–C bond direct cross-coupling reaction has been developed. This new methodology provides an economical and environmentally friendly approach toward C(sp²)–C(sp²) bond formation.

Cobalt catalysed, copper assisted C(sp2)–P cross coupling

An efficient C(sp²)–P cross coupling has been achieved using a Co/Cu catalytic system for access to vinyl and aryl phosphonates.

A systematic study on the Cadiot–Chodkiewicz cross coupling reaction for the selective and efficient synthesis of hetero-diynes

99% selectivity for cross coupling. Excellent yields (upto 94%). Low basic reaction medium, high functional group tolerance. Use of green solvent water.

Rapid access to unsymmetrical 1,3-diynes and 2,5-disubstituted thiophenes under ligand and Pd/Ni-free Cu-catalysis

A Pd/Ni-free copper-catalysed tandem synthesis was realized for rapid access to unsymmetrical 1,3-diynes from 1,1-dibromoalkenes and terminal alkynes.

Ni(0)–Cu(i): a powerful combo catalyst for simultaneous coupling and cleavage of the C–N bond with cyclization to valuable amide-based pyrroles and 4-pyridones

We demonstrate unprecedented Ni(0)–Cu(i) combo catalysis for sequential bond activated domino N–C/C–C coupled annulation with N–C bond cleavage to afford valuable amide-based polysubstituted pyrroles and 4-pyridones selectively from β-ketoanilides.

Recent developments and applications of the Cadiot–Chodkiewicz reaction

The classical heterocoupling of a 1-haloalkyne with a terminal alkyne catalyzed by copper salts in the presence of a base for the synthesis of unsymmetrical diynes is termed the Cadiot–Chodkiewicz coupling reaction.