1
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Nguyen HD, Jana RD, Campbell DT, Tran TV, Do LH. Lewis acid-driven self-assembly of diiridium macrocyclic catalysts imparts substrate selectivity and glutathione tolerance. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10264-10272. [PMID: 37772092 PMCID: PMC10530542 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02836d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular inorganic catalysts (MICs) tend to have solvent-exposed metal centers that lack substrate specificity and are easily inhibited by biological nucleophiles. Unfortunately, these limitations exclude many MICs from being considered for in vivo applications. To overcome this challenge, a strategy to spatially confine MICs using Lewis acid-driven self-assembly is presented. It was shown that in the presence of external cations (e.g., Li+, Na+, K+, or Cs+) or phosphate buffered saline, diiridium macrocycles spontaneously formed supramolecular iridium-cation species, which were characterized by X-ray crystallography and dynamic light scattering. These nanoassemblies selectively reduced sterically unhindered C[double bond, length as m-dash]O groups via transfer hydrogenation and tolerated up to 1 mM of glutathione. In contrast, when non-coordinating tetraalkylammonium cations were used, the diiridium catalysts were unable to form higher-ordered structures and discriminate between different aldehyde substrates. This work suggests that in situ coordination self-assembly could be a versatile approach to enable or enhance the integration of MICs with biological hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hieu D Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Road Houston Texas USA
| | - Rahul D Jana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Road Houston Texas USA
| | - Dylan T Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Road Houston Texas USA
| | - Thi V Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Road Houston Texas USA
| | - Loi H Do
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Road Houston Texas USA
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2
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Zhou S, Wei Y. Kaleidoscope megamolecules synthesis and application using self-assembly technology. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 65:108147. [PMID: 37023967 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
The megamolecules with high ordered structures play an important role in chemical biology and biomedical engineering. Self-assembly, a long-discovered but very appealing technique, could induce many reactions between biomacromolecules and organic linking molecules, such as an enzyme domain and its covalent inhibitors. Enzyme and its small-molecule inhibitors have achieved many successes in medical application, which realize the catalysis process and theranostic function. By employing the protein engineering technology, the building blocks of enzyme fusion protein and small molecule linker can be assembled into a novel architecture with the specified organization and conformation. Molecular level recognition of enzyme domain could provide both covalent reaction sites and structural skeleton for the functional fusion protein. In this review, we will discuss the range of tools available to combine functional domains by using the recombinant protein technology, which can assemble them into precisely specified architectures/valences and develop the kaleidoscope megamolecules for catalytic and medical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwang Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Yuan Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
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3
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Hanreich S, Bonandi E, Drienovská I. Design of Artificial Enzymes: Insights into Protein Scaffolds. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200566. [PMID: 36418221 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The design of artificial enzymes has emerged as a promising tool for the generation of potent biocatalysts able to promote new-to-nature reactions with improved catalytic performances, providing a powerful platform for wide-ranging applications and a better understanding of protein functions and structures. The selection of an appropriate protein scaffold plays a key role in the design process. This review aims to give a general overview of the most common protein scaffolds that can be exploited for the generation of artificial enzymes. Several examples are discussed and categorized according to the strategy used for the design of the artificial biocatalyst, namely the functionalization of natural enzymes, the creation of a new catalytic site in a protein scaffold bearing a wide hydrophobic pocket and de novo protein design. The review is concluded by a comparison of these different methods and by our perspective on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Hanreich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam (The, Netherlands
| | - Elisa Bonandi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam (The, Netherlands
| | - Ivana Drienovská
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam (The, Netherlands
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4
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Liu Y, Lai KL, Vong K. Transition Metal Scaffolds Used To Bring New‐to‐Nature Reactions into Biological Systems. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Liu
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Ka Lun Lai
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Kenward Vong
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon Hong Kong China
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5
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Lenzen K, Planchestainer M, Feller I, Padrosa DR, Paradisi F, Albrecht M. Minimalistic peptidic scaffolds harbouring an artificial carbene-containing amino acid modulate reductase activity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9068-9071. [PMID: 34498652 PMCID: PMC8427656 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03158a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the boom of new artificial metalloenzymes, we developed an Fmoc-protected histidinium salt (Hum) as N-heterocyclic carbene precursor. Hum was placed via solid-phase peptide synthesis into short 7-mer peptides. Upon iridation, the metallo-peptidic construct displayed activity in catalytic hydrogenation that outperforms small molecule analogues and which is dependent on the peptide sequence, a typical feature of metalloenzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karst Lenzen
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Matteo Planchestainer
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Isabelle Feller
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - David Roura Padrosa
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Francesca Paradisi
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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6
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Wang R, Yue Y, Qi J, Liu S, Song A, Zhuo S, Xing LB. Ambient-pressure highly active hydrogenation of ketones and aldehydes catalyzed by a metal-ligand bifunctional iridium catalyst under base-free conditions in water. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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7
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Vong K, Nasibullin I, Tanaka K. Exploring and Adapting the Molecular Selectivity of Artificial Metalloenzymes. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenward Vong
- Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- GlycoTargeting Research Laboratory, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Igor Nasibullin
- Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Biofunctional Chemistry Laboratory, A. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Katsunori Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Biofunctional Chemistry Laboratory, A. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
- GlycoTargeting Research Laboratory, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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8
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Planchestainer M, McMaster J, Schulz C, Paradisi F, Albrecht M. Carbene-Induced Rescue of Catalytic Activity in Deactivated Nitrite Reductase Mutant. Chemistry 2020; 26:15206-15211. [PMID: 32543723 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The role of His145 in the T1 copper center of nitrite reductase (NiR) is pivotal for the activity of the enzyme. Mutation to a glycine at this position enables the reconstitution of the T1 center by the addition of imidazole as exogenous ligands, however the catalytic activity is only marginally rescued. Here, we demonstrate that the uptake of 1,3-dimethylimidazolylidene as N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) by the H145G NiR mutant instead of imidazole yields a significantly more active catalyst, suggesting a beneficial role of such C-bonding. Spectroscopic analyses of the formed H145G≈NHC variant as well as an analogue without the catalytic T2 copper center reveal no significant alteration of the T1 site compared to the wild type or the variant containing imidazole as exogenous N-bound surrogate of H145. However, the presence of the carbene doubles the catalytic activity of the mutant compared to the imidazole variant. This enhanced activity has been attributed to a faster electron transfer to the T1 center in the NHC variant and a concomitant change of the rate-limiting step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Planchestainer
- University of Bern, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Freiestr. 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.,University of Nottingham, School of Chemistry, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Jonathan McMaster
- University of Nottingham, School of Chemistry, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Christine Schulz
- Max-Planck Institut für Kohlenforschung, Department of Molecular Theory and Spectroscopy, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Francesca Paradisi
- University of Bern, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Freiestr. 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.,University of Nottingham, School of Chemistry, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Martin Albrecht
- University of Bern, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Freiestr. 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
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9
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Redox Isomerization of Allylic Alcohols Catalyzed by New Water-Soluble Rh(I)-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10111361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
New water-soluble, N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) or mixed NHC/tertiary phosphine complexes [RhCl(cod)(sSIMes)], Na2[Rh(bmim)(cod)(mtppts)], and [Rh(bmim)(cod)(pta)]BF4 were synthetized and applied for the first time as catalysts in redox isomerization of allylic alcohols in aqueous media. [RhCl(cod)(sSIMes)] (with added sulfonated triphenylphosphine) and [Rh(bmim)(cod)(pta)]BF4 catalyzed selectively the transformation of allylic alcohols to the corresponding ketones. The highest catalytic activity, TOF = 152 h−1 (TOF = (mol reacted substrate) × (mol catalyst × time)−1) was observed in redox isomerization of hept-1-en-3-ol ([S]/[cat] = 100). The catalysts were reused in the aqueous phase at least three times, with only modest loss of the catalytic activity and selectivity.
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10
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Jeong WJ, Yu J, Song WJ. Proteins as diverse, efficient, and evolvable scaffolds for artificial metalloenzymes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9586-9599. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03137b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We have extracted and categorized the desirable properties of proteins that are adapted as the scaffolds for artificial metalloenzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jae Jeong
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseung Yu
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Woon Ju Song
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
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11
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TANAKA K, VONG K. Unlocking the therapeutic potential of artificial metalloenzymes. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2020; 96:79-94. [PMID: 32161212 PMCID: PMC7167364 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.96.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In order to harness the functionality of metals, nature has evolved over billions of years to utilize metalloproteins as key components in numerous cellular processes. Despite this, transition metals such as ruthenium, palladium, iridium, and gold are largely absent from naturally occurring metalloproteins, likely due to their scarcity as precious metals. To mimic the evolutionary process of nature, the field of artificial metalloenzymes (ArMs) was born as a way to benefit from the unique chemoselectivity and orthogonality of transition metals in a biological setting. In its current state, numerous examples have successfully incorporated transition metals into a variety of protein scaffolds. Using these ArMs, many examples of new-to-nature reactions have been carried out, some of which have shown substantial biocompatibility. Given the rapid rate at which this field is growing, this review aims to highlight some important studies that have begun to take the next step within this field; namely the development of ArM-centered drug therapies or biotechnological tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori TANAKA
- Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- A. Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- Baton Zone Program, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Correspondence should be addressed: K. Tanaka, Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan (e-mail: )
| | - Kenward VONG
- Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
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12
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Wang Y, Astruc D, Abd-El-Aziz AS. Metallopolymers for advanced sustainable applications. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:558-636. [PMID: 30506080 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00656j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Since the development of metallopolymers, there has been tremendous interest in the applications of this type of materials. The interest in these materials stems from their potential use in industry as catalysts, biomedical agents in healthcare, energy storage and production as well as climate change mitigation. The past two decades have clearly shown exponential growth in the development of many new classes of metallopolymers that address these issues. Today, metallopolymers are considered to be at the forefront for discovering new and sustainable heterogeneous catalysts, therapeutics for drug-resistant diseases, energy storage and photovoltaics, molecular barometers and thermometers, as well as carbon dioxide sequesters. The focus of this review is to highlight the advances in design of metallopolymers with specific sustainable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlan Wang
- Liaocheng University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 252059, Liaocheng, China.
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13
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Sauer DF, Qu Y, Mertens MAS, Schiffels J, Polen T, Schwaneberg U, Okuda J. Biohybrid catalysts for sequential one-pot reactions based on an engineered transmembrane protein. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy02236d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A two-step one pot reaction sequence consisting of artificial metalloprotein olefin metathesis and hydrogenation was performed yielding 1,2-diphenylethane derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. F. Sauer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology
| | - Y. Qu
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - M. A. S. Mertens
- Institute of Biotechnology
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - J. Schiffels
- Institute of Biotechnology
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - T. Polen
- IBG-1: Biotechnology
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52425 Jülich
- Germany
| | - U. Schwaneberg
- Institute of Biotechnology
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials
| | - J. Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
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14
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Imam HT, Jarvis AG, Celorrio V, Baig I, Allen CCR, Marr AC, Kamer PCJ. Catalytic and biophysical investigation of rhodium hydroformylase. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01679a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rh-Containing artificial metalloenzymes based on two mutants of sterol carrier protein_2L (SCP_2L) have been shown to act as hydroformylases, exhibiting significant activity and unexpectedly high selectivity in the hydroformylation of alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan T. Imam
- School of Chemistry
- University of St Andrews
- St Andrews
- UK
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | | | | | - Irshad Baig
- School of Chemistry
- University of St Andrews
- St Andrews
- UK
| | | | - Andrew C. Marr
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Queen's University Belfast
- Belfast
- UK
| | - Paul C. J. Kamer
- Bioinspired Homo- & Heterogeneous Catalysis
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis
- Rostock
- Germany
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15
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Facchetti G, Rimoldi I. 8-Amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline in iridium(iii) biotinylated Cp* complex as artificial imine reductase. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04558e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The imine reductase formed by the (R)-CAMPY ligand bound to the S112M Sav mutant showed an 83% ee in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of 6,7-dimethoxy-1-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Facchetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 10033 Milano
- Italy
| | - Isabella Rimoldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 10033 Milano
- Italy
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16
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Schwizer F, Okamoto Y, Heinisch T, Gu Y, Pellizzoni MM, Lebrun V, Reuter R, Köhler V, Lewis JC, Ward TR. Artificial Metalloenzymes: Reaction Scope and Optimization Strategies. Chem Rev 2017; 118:142-231. [PMID: 28714313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 490] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of a synthetic, catalytically competent metallocofactor into a protein scaffold to generate an artificial metalloenzyme (ArM) has been explored since the late 1970's. Progress in the ensuing years was limited by the tools available for both organometallic synthesis and protein engineering. Advances in both of these areas, combined with increased appreciation of the potential benefits of combining attractive features of both homogeneous catalysis and enzymatic catalysis, led to a resurgence of interest in ArMs starting in the early 2000's. Perhaps the most intriguing of potential ArM properties is their ability to endow homogeneous catalysts with a genetic memory. Indeed, incorporating a homogeneous catalyst into a genetically encoded scaffold offers the opportunity to improve ArM performance by directed evolution. This capability could, in turn, lead to improvements in ArM efficiency similar to those obtained for natural enzymes, providing systems suitable for practical applications and greater insight into the role of second coordination sphere interactions in organometallic catalysis. Since its renaissance in the early 2000's, different aspects of artificial metalloenzymes have been extensively reviewed and highlighted. Our intent is to provide a comprehensive overview of all work in the field up to December 2016, organized according to reaction class. Because of the wide range of non-natural reactions catalyzed by ArMs, this was done using a functional-group transformation classification. The review begins with a summary of the proteins and the anchoring strategies used to date for the creation of ArMs, followed by a historical perspective. Then follows a summary of the reactions catalyzed by ArMs and a concluding critical outlook. This analysis allows for comparison of similar reactions catalyzed by ArMs constructed using different metallocofactor anchoring strategies, cofactors, protein scaffolds, and mutagenesis strategies. These data will be used to construct a searchable Web site on ArMs that will be updated regularly by the authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Schwizer
- Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, University of Basel , CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yasunori Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, University of Basel , CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tillmann Heinisch
- Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, University of Basel , CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yifan Gu
- Searle Chemistry Laboratory, University of Chicago , 5735 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michela M Pellizzoni
- Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, University of Basel , CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Lebrun
- Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, University of Basel , CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Reuter
- Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, University of Basel , CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Valentin Köhler
- Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, University of Basel , CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jared C Lewis
- Searle Chemistry Laboratory, University of Chicago , 5735 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Thomas R Ward
- Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, University of Basel , CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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17
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18
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Basauri-Molina M, Verhoeven DGA, van Schaik AJ, Kleijn H, Klein Gebbink RJM. Ring-Closing and Cross-Metathesis with Artificial Metalloenzymes Created by Covalent Active Site-Directed Hybridization of a Lipase. Chemistry 2015; 21:15676-85. [PMID: 26346291 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A series of Grubbs-type catalysts that contain lipase-inhibiting phosphoester functionalities have been synthesized and reacted with the lipase cutinase, which leads to artificial metalloenzymes for olefin metathesis. The resulting hybrids comprise the organometallic fragment that is covalently bound to the active amino acid residue of the enzyme host in an orthogonal orientation. Differences in reactivity as well as accessibility of the active site by the functionalized inhibitor became evident through variation of the anchoring motif and substituents on the N-heterocyclic carbene ligand. Such observations led to the design of a hybrid that is active in the ring-closing metathesis and the cross-metathesis of N,N-diallyl-p-toluenesulfonamide and allylbenzene, respectively, the latter being the first example of its kind in the field of artificial metalloenzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Basauri-Molina
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht 3584CG (The Netherlands)
| | - Dide G A Verhoeven
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht 3584CG (The Netherlands)
| | - Arnoldus J van Schaik
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht 3584CG (The Netherlands)
| | - Henk Kleijn
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht 3584CG (The Netherlands)
| | - Robertus J M Klein Gebbink
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht 3584CG (The Netherlands).
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Heim LE, Thiel D, Gedig C, Deska J, Prechtl MHG. Bioinduced Room-Temperature Methanol Reforming. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:10308-12. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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Heim LE, Thiel D, Gedig C, Deska J, Prechtl MHG. Bioinduzierte Methanolreformierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Pàmies O, Diéguez M, Bäckvall JE. Artificial Metalloenzymes in Asymmetric Catalysis: Key Developments and Future Directions. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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