1
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Rojkiewicz M, Kuś P, Książek M, Kusz J. Crystallographic characterization of three cathinone hydrochlorides new on the NPS market: 1-(4-methylphenyl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)hexan-1-one (4-MPHP), 4-methyl-1-phenyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one (α-PiHP) and 2-(methylamino)-1-(4-methylphenyl)pentan-1-one (4-MPD). Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem 2022; 78:56-62. [PMID: 34982049 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229621013401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathinones belong to a group of compounds of great interest in the new psychoactive substances (NPS) market. Constant changes to the chemical structure made by the producers of these compounds require a quick reaction from analytical laboratories in ascertaining their characteristics. In this article, three cathinone derivatives were characterized by X-ray crystallography. The investigated compounds were confirmed as: 1-[1-(4-methylphenyl)-1-oxohexan-2-yl]pyrrolidin-1-ium chloride (1, C17H26NO+·Cl-, the hydrochloride of 4-MPHP), 1-(4-methyl-1-oxo-1-phenylpentan-2-yl)pyrrolidin-1-ium chloride (2; C16H24NO+·Cl-, the hydrochloride of α-PiHP) and methyl[1-(4-methylphenyl)-1-oxopentan-2-yl]azanium chloride (3; C13H20NO+·Cl-, the hydrochloride of 4-MPD). All the salts crystallize in a monoclinic space group: 1 and 2 in P21/c, and 3 in P21/n. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first detailed and comprehensive crystallographic data on salts 1-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Rojkiewicz
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Street, Katowice 40-006, Poland
| | - Piotr Kuś
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Street, Katowice 40-006, Poland
| | - Maria Książek
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, 1 75 Pułku Piechoty Street, Chorzów 41-500, Poland
| | - Joachim Kusz
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, 1 75 Pułku Piechoty Street, Chorzów 41-500, Poland
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Li M, Furey C, Skros J, Xu O, Rahman M, Azad M, Dave R, Bilgili E. Impact of Matrix Surface Area on Griseofulvin Release from Extrudates Prepared via Nanoextrusion. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13071036. [PMID: 34371728 PMCID: PMC8308970 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to examine the impact of milling of extrudates prepared via nanoextrusion and the resulting matrix surface area of the particles on griseofulvin (GF, a model poorly soluble drug) release during in vitro dissolution. Wet-milled GF nanosuspensions containing a polymer (Sol: Soluplus®, Kol: Kolliphor® P407, or HPC: Hydroxypropyl cellulose) and sodium dodecyl sulfate were mixed with additional polymer and dried in an extruder. The extrudates with 2% and 10% GF loading were milled–sieved into three size fractions. XRPD–SEM results show that nanoextrusion produced GF nanocomposites with Kol/HPC and an amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) with Sol. For 8.9 mg GF dose (non-supersaturating condition), the dissolution rate parameter was higher for extrudates with higher external specific surface area and those with 10% drug loading. It exhibited a monotonic increase with surface area of the ASD, whereas its increase tended to saturate above ~30 × 10−3 m2/cm3 for the nanocomposites. In general, the nanocomposites released GF faster than the ASD due to greater wettability and faster erosion imparted by Kol/HPC than by Sol. For 100 mg GF dose, the ASD outperformed the nanocomposites due to supersaturation and only 10% GF ASD with 190 × 10−3 m2/cm3 surface area achieved immediate release (80% release within 30 min). Hence, this study suggests that ASD extrudates entail fine milling yielding > ~200 × 10−3 m2/cm3 for rapid drug release, whereas only a coarse milling yielding ~30 × 10−3 m2/cm3 may enable nanocomposites to release low-dose drugs rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (M.L.); (C.F.); (J.S.); (M.R.); (R.D.)
| | - Casey Furey
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (M.L.); (C.F.); (J.S.); (M.R.); (R.D.)
| | - Jeffrey Skros
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (M.L.); (C.F.); (J.S.); (M.R.); (R.D.)
| | - Olivia Xu
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (M.L.); (C.F.); (J.S.); (M.R.); (R.D.)
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard College, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;
| | - Mahbubur Rahman
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (M.L.); (C.F.); (J.S.); (M.R.); (R.D.)
| | - Mohammad Azad
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA;
| | - Rajesh Dave
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (M.L.); (C.F.); (J.S.); (M.R.); (R.D.)
| | - Ecevit Bilgili
- Otto H. York Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (M.L.); (C.F.); (J.S.); (M.R.); (R.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-973-596-2998; Fax: +1-973-596-8436
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Pandolfi L, Giunchi A, Salzillo T, Brillante A, Della Valle RG, Venuti E, Grepioni F, D'Agostino S. The impact of solid solution composition on kinetics and mechanism of [2 + 2] photodimerization of cinnamic acid derivatives. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01718c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the solid solution composition on the kinetics of solid-state [2 + 2] photocycloadditions was evaluated via a combination of single crystal XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and principal component analysis (PCA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Pandolfi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università di Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
| | - Andrea Giunchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università di Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
| | - Tommaso Salzillo
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università di Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
- Department of Materials and Interfaces
| | - Aldo Brillante
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università di Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Venuti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università di Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
| | - Fabrizia Grepioni
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”
- Università di Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
| | - Simone D'Agostino
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”
- Università di Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
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4
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Verma V, Bordignon S, Chierotti MR, Lestari M, Lyons K, Padrela L, Ryan KM, Lusi M. Cortisone and cortisol break hydrogen-bonding rules to make a drug-prodrug solid solution. IUCRJ 2020; 7:1124-1130. [PMID: 33209323 PMCID: PMC7642785 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252520013263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug products enable more effective therapies and simpler administration regimens, provided that a stable formulation is prepared, with the desired composition. In this view, solid solutions have the advantage of combining the stability of a single crystalline phase with the potential of stoichiometry variation of a mixture. Here a drug-prodrug solid solution of cortisone and cortisol (hydrocortisone) is described. Despite the structural differences of the two components, the new phase is obtained both from solution and by supercritical CO2 assisted spray drying. In particular, to enter the solid solution, hydrocortisone must violate Etter's rules for hydrogen bonding. As a result, its dissolution rate is almost doubled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Verma
- Department of Chemistry and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | | | | | - Monica Lestari
- Department of Chemistry and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Kieran Lyons
- Department of Chemistry and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Luis Padrela
- Department of Chemistry and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Kevin M. Ryan
- Department of Chemistry and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Matteo Lusi
- Department of Chemistry and Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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5
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Kuś P, Hellwig H, Kusz J, Książek M, Rojkiewicz M, Sochanik A. Crystal structures and other properties of ephedrone (methcathinone) hydrochloride, N-acetylephedrine and N-acetylephedrone. Forensic Toxicol 2019; 37:224-230. [PMID: 30636989 PMCID: PMC6315050 DOI: 10.1007/s11419-018-0436-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Three compounds obtained from ephedrine were identified and characterized by various instrumental analytical methods. Ephedrone (methcathinone) hydrochloride and its fundamental derivatives N-acetylephedrine and N-acetylephedrone were analyzed as precursors of a cathinone derivative. Methods The obtained samples were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared and Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. Results The three compounds were confirmed as: N-methyl-2-amino-1-phenylpropan-1-one (methcathinone) hydrochloride, N-acetyl-N-methyl-2-amino-1-phenylpropan-1-one (cathinone derivative), and N-acetyl-N-methyl-2-amino-1-phenylpropan-1-ol (acetyl derivative of ephedrine). Conclusions X-ray crystallography is especially useful for identifying the new designer drugs and their different precursor forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kuś
- 1Department of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Hubert Hellwig
- 1Department of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Joachim Kusz
- 2Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 4 Uniwersytecka Street, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Maria Książek
- 2Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 4 Uniwersytecka Street, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marcin Rojkiewicz
- 1Department of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksander Sochanik
- 3Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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6
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d'Agostino S, Fornasari L, Grepioni F, Braga D, Rossi F, Chierotti MR, Gobetto R. Precessional Motion in Crystalline Solid Solutions of Ionic Rotors. Chemistry 2018; 24:15059-15066. [PMID: 30011358 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The order-disorder phase transition associated with the uprise of reorientational motion in (DABCOH2)2+ , in the supramolecular salts of general formula [1⋅(DABCOH2 )]X2 (where 1=12-crown-4, DABCO=1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, and X=Cl- or Br- ), has been investigated by variable temperature X-ray diffraction on single crystals and powder samples, as well as by DSC and solid-state NMR spectroscopy (SSNMR). The two compounds undergo a reversible phase change at 292 and 290 K, respectively. The two crystalline materials form solid solutions [1⋅(DABCOH2 )]Cl2x Br2(1-x) in the whole composition range (0 < x<1), with a decrease in the temperature of transition to a minimum of ca 280 K, corresponding to x=0.5. Activation energy values for the dynamic processes, evaluated by variable-temperature 13 C magic-angle spinning (MAS) SSNMR and line-shape analysis are ca. 50 kJ mol-1 in all cases. Combined diffraction and spectroscopic evidence has allowed the detection of a novel dynamic process for the (DABCOH2 )2+ dications, based on a room temperature precessional motion that is frozen out below the disorder-order transition; to the best of the authors' knowledge this phenomenon has never been observed before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone d'Agostino
- Dipartimento di Chimica G. Ciamician, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Fornasari
- Dipartimento di Chimica G. Ciamician, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Grepioni
- Dipartimento di Chimica G. Ciamician, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dario Braga
- Dipartimento di Chimica G. Ciamician, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Rossi
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Michele R Chierotti
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Gobetto
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Torino, Via Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
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7
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Rehman A, Delori A, Hughes DS, Jones W. Structural studies of crystalline forms of triamterene with carboxylic acid, GRAS and API molecules. IUCRJ 2018; 5:309-324. [PMID: 29755747 PMCID: PMC5929377 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252518003317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical salt solvates (dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO) of the drug triamterene with the coformers acetic, succinic, adipic, pimelic, azelaic and nicotinic acid and ibuprofen are prepared by liquid-assisted grinding and solvent-evaporative crystallization. The modified ΔpKa rule as proposed by Cruz-Cabeza [(2012 ▸). CrystEngComm, 14, 6362-6365] is in close agreement with the results of this study. All adducts were characterized by X-ray diffraction and thermal analytical techniques, including single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravimetric analysis. Hydrogen-bonded motifs combined to form a variety of extended tapes and sheets. Analysis of the crystal structures showed that all adducts existed as salt solvates and contained the amino-pyridinium-carboxyl-ate heterodimer, except for the solvate containing triamterene, ibuprofen and DMSO, as a result of the presence of a strong and stable hemitriamterenium duplex. A search of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD 5.36, Version 1.18) to determine the frequency of occurrence of the putative supramolecular synthons found in this study showed good agreement with previous work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abida Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 1EW, England
| | - Amit Delori
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
| | - David S. Hughes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 1EW, England
| | - William Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 1EW, England
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8
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Wu S, Du S, Chen M, Li K, Jia L, Zhang D, Macaringue EGJ, Hou B, Gong J. Crystal Structures and Phase Behavior of Sulfadiazine and a Method for the Preparation of Aggregates with Good Performance. Chem Eng Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201700053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Songgu Wu
- Tianjin University; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; 300072 Tianjin China
- The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin; 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Shichao Du
- Tianjin University; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; 300072 Tianjin China
- The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin; 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Mingyang Chen
- Tianjin University; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; 300072 Tianjin China
- The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin; 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Kangli Li
- Tianjin University; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; 300072 Tianjin China
- The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin; 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Lina Jia
- Tianjin University; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; 300072 Tianjin China
- The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin; 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Dejiang Zhang
- Tianjin University; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; 300072 Tianjin China
- The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin; 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Estevao G. J. Macaringue
- Tianjin University; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Baohong Hou
- Tianjin University; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; 300072 Tianjin China
- The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin; 300072 Tianjin China
| | - Junbo Gong
- Tianjin University; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; 300072 Tianjin China
- The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin; 300072 Tianjin China
- The Key Laboratory Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency in Tianjin; 300072 Tianjin China
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9
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Lusi M. A rough guide to molecular solid solutions: design, synthesis and characterization of mixed crystals. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00691a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent literature on molecular solid solutions is reviewed and general empirical rules to help synthesize mixed crystals are summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Lusi
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Bernal Institute
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
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10
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Suresh K, Khandavilli UBR, Gunnam A, Nangia A. Polymorphism, isostructurality and physicochemical properties of glibenclamide salts. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce02295b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Ganduri R, Cherukuvada S, Sarkar S, Guru Row TN. Manifestation of cocrystals and eutectics among structurally related molecules: towards understanding the factors that control their formation. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce02003h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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McLaughlin G, Morris N, Kavanagh PV, Power JD, Dowling G, Twamley B, O'Brien J, Talbot B, Walther D, Partilla JS, Baumann MH, Brandt SD. Synthesis, characterization and monoamine transporter activity of the new psychoactive substance mexedrone and its N-methoxy positional isomer, N-methoxymephedrone. Drug Test Anal 2016; 9:358-368. [PMID: 27524685 DOI: 10.1002/dta.2053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
3-Methoxy-2-(methylamino)-1-(4-methylphenyl)propan-1-one (mexedrone) appeared in 2015 and was advertised by UK Internet retailers as a non-controlled mephedrone derivative (2-(methylamino)-1-(4-methylphenyl)propan-1-one), which was of particular interest to countries who operate generic drugs legislation. This study describes the synthesis and analytical characterization of mexedrone and the differentiation from its isomer, N-methoxymephedrone, which was predicted to be a suitable candidate before the identity of mexedrone was revealed. A full analytical characterization is described using various chromatographic, spectroscopic and mass spectrometric platforms and X-ray crystal structure analysis. The analytical data obtained for a vendor sample were consistent with the synthesized mexedrone reference standard and analytical differentiation between the mexedrone and N-methoxymephedrone positional isomers was achieved. Furthermore, α-chloromethylmephedrone was identified as a by-product during mexedrone synthesis. All three substances were also studied for their uptake and releasing properties at dopamine transporters (DAT), norepinephrine transporters (NET) and serotonin transporters (SERT) using in vitro monoamine transporter assays in rat brain synaptosomes and compared to mephedrone. Mexedrone was a weak non-selective uptake blocker with IC50 values in the low μM range. It was also devoid of releasing activity at DAT and NET but displayed weak releasing activity at SERT (EC50 = 2.5 μM). The isomer N-methoxymephedrone was found to be a weak uptake blocker at DAT, NET and SERT, as well as a fully efficacious substrate-type releasing agent across all three transporters with EC50 values in the low micromolar range. The synthesis by-product α-chloromethylmephedrone was inactive in all assays. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin McLaughlin
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, School of Science, Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Noreen Morris
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, School of Science, Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
| | - Pierce V Kavanagh
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - John D Power
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.,Forensic Science Ireland, Garda HQ, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Geraldine Dowling
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - John O'Brien
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Brian Talbot
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Donna Walther
- Designer Drug Research Unit of the Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John S Partilla
- Designer Drug Research Unit of the Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael H Baumann
- Designer Drug Research Unit of the Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Simon D Brandt
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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13
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Delori A, Urquhart AJ, Oswald IDH. Supramolecular hair dyes: a new application of cocrystallization. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce01001f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Nauha E, Naumov P, Lusi M. Fine-tuning of a thermosalient phase transition by solid solutions. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce00762g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Cherukuvada S, Kaur R, Guru Row TN. Co-crystallization and small molecule crystal form diversity: from pharmaceutical to materials applications. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce01835a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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16
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Connor LE, Delori A, Hutchison IB, Nic Daeid N, Sutcliffe OB, Oswald IDH. The ecstasy and the agony; compression studies of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2015; 71:3-9. [DOI: 10.1107/s2052520614026389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is a Class A substance that is usually found in a tableted form. It is only observed in one orthorhombic polymorph under ambient conditions. It shows slight positional disorder around the methlyenedioxy ring which persists during compression up to 6.66 GPa. The crystal quality deteriorates above 6.66 GPa where the hydrostatic limit of the pressure-transmitting medium is exceeded. The structure undergoes anisotropic compression with thea-axis compressing the greatest (12%cf.4 and 10% for theb- andc-axes, respectively). This is due to the pattern of the hydrogen bonding which acts like a spring and allows the compression along this direction.
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17
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Yan D. Micro-/Nanostructured Multicomponent Molecular Materials: Design, Assembly, and Functionality. Chemistry 2015; 21:4880-96. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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18
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Pallipurath A, Skelton JM, Delori A, Duffy C, Erxleben A, Jones W. Crystalline adducts of the Lawsone molecule (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthaquinone): optical properties and computational modelling. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce01644d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Crystal-engineering techniques allow the colour of the molecule in henna dye (Lawsone) to be tuned from yellow to red.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amit Delori
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge, UK
| | - Connor Duffy
- School of Chemistry
- National University of Ireland
- Galway, Ireland
| | - Andrea Erxleben
- School of Chemistry
- National University of Ireland
- Galway, Ireland
| | - William Jones
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge, UK
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19
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Prasad KD, Cherukuvada S, Devaraj Stephen L, Guru Row TN. Effect of inductive effect on the formation of cocrystals and eutectics. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce01489h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The combination of the antiprotozoal drug ornidazole with benzoic acid and its structural analogues resulted in cocrystals and eutectics of the drug based on the induction strength complementarity between participant hydrogen bond donor–acceptor groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karothu Durga Prasad
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bengaluru 560012, India
| | | | - L. Devaraj Stephen
- Department of Chemistry
- SRM Valliammai Engineering College
- Chennai 603203, India
| | - Tayur N. Guru Row
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bengaluru 560012, India
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