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Zheng W, Wang Z, Chen W, Zhang M, Li H, Yang G, Xu Q, Qiao X, Tan D, Zhang J, Qiu J, Qian G, Fan X. Unlocking high photosensitivity direct laser writing and observing atomic clustering in glass. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8366. [PMID: 39333548 PMCID: PMC11437194 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52628-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The direct laser writing (DLW) of photoluminescent metal clusters is inspiring intensive research in functional glasses. However, understanding the influence of the host structure on cluster formation and visualizing DLW-induced clusters at the atomic scale remains challenging. In this work, we develop a highly photosensitive fluorophosphate glass through fluorine incorporation. The addition of fluorine establishes a conducive environment for Ag+ ions before DLW and enhances the availability of reducing agents and diffusion pathways during DLW. These advantages facilitate the formation of Ag clusters under low-energy single-pulsed DLW. Increasing laser energy results in a combination of Ag clusters and glasses defect, forming a dot + ring photoluminescent pattern. Atom probe tomography (APT), a technique capable of mapping the elemental spatial distribution and identifying clustering, is employed to gain more information on laser-induced clusters. Comparison of APT results between samples without and with DLW reveals the formation of Ag clusters after laser writing. The design concept and characterization enrich the understanding of Ag cluster behavior in glasses. This knowledge opens the possibility of rational design of clusters confined in glasses and inspires their synthesis for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weilin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengchao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Ocean Academy, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Xvsheng Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Dezhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Junjie Zhang
- College of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianrong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guodong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianping Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Fallah Z, Christi JK. Development of a ReaxFF reactive force field for ternary phosphate-based bioactive glasses. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:184505. [PMID: 38738608 DOI: 10.1063/5.0204589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Phosphate-based glasses (PBGs) in the CaO-Na2O-P2O5 system have diverse applications as biomaterials due to their unique dissolution properties. A reactive force field (ReaxFF) has been developed to simulate these materials at the atomic level. The ReaxFF parameters of PBGs, including the interaction between phosphorus and calcium atoms, have been developed using a published code based on genetic algorithms. The training data, including the atomic charges, atomic forces, bond and angle parameters, and different differential energies, are chosen and measured from static quantum-mechanical calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics of PBGs. We did different short- and medium-range structural analyses on the bulk simulated PBGs with different compositions to validate the developed potential. Radial and angular distribution functions and coordination numbers of network formers and modifiers, as well as the network connectivity of the glass, are in agreement with experimental and previous simulations using both shell-model classical force fields and ab initio simulated data; for example, the coordination number of phosphorus is 4.0. This successful development of ReaxFF parameters being able to describe the bulk PBGs enables us to work on the dissolution behavior of the glasses, including the interaction of water molecules with PBGs, in future works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Fallah
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - Jamieson K Christi
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
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Pedone A, Chen X, Hill RG, Karpukhina N. Molecular Dynamics Investigation of Halide-Containing Phospho-Silicate Bioactive Glasses. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:2940-2948. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Pedone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Xiaojing Chen
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
- Dental Physical Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Robert G. Hill
- Dental Physical Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Karpukhina
- Dental Physical Sciences, Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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Christie JK, de Leeuw NH. Effect of strontium inclusion on the bioactivity of phosphate-based glasses. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE 2017; 52:9014-9022. [PMID: 32055076 PMCID: PMC6991965 DOI: 10.1007/s10853-017-1155-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We have conducted first-principles and classical molecular dynamics simulations of various compositions of strontium-containing phosphate glasses, to understand how strontium incorporation will change the glasses' activity when implanted into the body (bioactivity). To perform the classical simulations, we have developed a new interatomic potential, which takes account of the polarizability of the oxygen ions. The Sr-O bond length is ∼2.44-2.49 Å, and the coordination number is 7.5-7.8. The Q n distribution and network connectivity were roughly constant for these compositions. Sr bonds to a similar number of phosphate chains as Ca does; based on our previous work (Christie et al. in J Phys Chem B 117:10652, 2013), this implies that SrO ↔ CaO substitution will barely change the dissolution rate of these glasses and that the bioactivity will remain essentially constant. Strontium could therefore be incorporated into phosphate glass for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. K. Christie
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU UK
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - N. H. de Leeuw
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT UK
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ UK
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Christie JK, Ainsworth RI, Hernandez SER, de Leeuw NH. Structures and properties of phosphate-based bioactive glasses from computer simulation: a review. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:5297-5306. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01236e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Computer simulations have enabled breakthroughs in understanding the connections between the atomic structure and properties of bioactive phosphate glasses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard I. Ainsworth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla 92093
- USA
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Christie JK. Atomic structure of biodegradable Mg-based bulk metallic glass. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 17:12894-8. [PMID: 25906985 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp03714f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have used highly accurate first-principles molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the structure of Mg60Zn35Ca5 and Mg72Zn23Ca5 bulk metallic glasses, which are candidate materials for biomedical implants; these two compositions exhibit different behaviours when implanted. The environments of each species are different, and average coordination numbers are ∼13 for Mg, ∼11 for Zn and ∼18-19 for Ca. A wide range of local environments were found and icosahedral motifs, often seen in bulk metallic glasses, were among the most common for both Mg and Zn. Through the computation of a chemical short-range order parameter, a moderate avoidance of Zn-Zn bonding over Zn-Mg or Zn-Ca was observed. No statistically significant difference in structure was observed between the two compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Christie
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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