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Shakibi Nia N, Griesser C, Mairegger T, Wernig EM, Bernardi J, Portenkirchner E, Penner S, Kunze-Liebhäuser J. Titanium Oxycarbide as Platinum-Free Electrocatalyst for Ethanol Oxidation. ACS Catal 2024; 14:324-329. [PMID: 38205023 PMCID: PMC10775143 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c04097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The compound material titanium oxycarbide (TiOC) is found to be an effective electrocatalyst for the electrochemical oxidation of ethanol to CO2. The complete course of this reaction is one of the main challenges in direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs). While TiOC has previously been investigated as catalyst support material only, in this study we show that TiOC alone is able to oxidize ethanol to acetaldehyde without the need of expensive noble metal catalysts like Pt. It is suggested that this behavior is attributed to the presence of both undercoordinated sites, which allow ethanol to adsorb, and oxygenated sites, which facilitate the activation of water. This is a milestone in DEFC research and development and opens up innovative possibilities for the design of catalyst materials for intermediate temperature fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niusha Shakibi Nia
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Griesser
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Mairegger
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eva-Maria Wernig
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Bernardi
- USTEM, Technische Universität Wien, Stadionalle 2, 1020 Wien, Austria
| | | | - Simon Penner
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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2
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Rohmann C, Idriss H. A computational study of the interaction of oxygenates with the surface of rutile TiO 2(110). Structural and electronic trends. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:154002. [PMID: 35051917 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac4d5b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A variety of OH containing molecules in their different modes of adsorption onto the rutile TiO2(110) are studied by means of density functional theory. A special focus is given to ethanol, ethylene glycol and glycerol. The different species were analyzed with respect to the adsorption energy, work function, and atomic Bader charges. Our results show that dissociated adsorption is favored in all cases. Within these modes, the strongest binding is observed in the case of bidentate fully dissociated adsorption, followed by bidentate partially dissociated then the monodentate dissociated modes. The dependence is also noted upon charge transfer analysis. Species adsorbing with two dissociated OH groups show a negative charge which is roughly twice as large compared to those exhibiting only one dissociated group. In the case of molecular adsorption, we find a small positive charge on the adsorbate. The change in work functions obtained is found to be negative in all studied cases. We observe a trend of the work function change being more negative for glycerol (3 OH groups) followed by ethylene glycol (2 OH groups) and the remaining alcohols (1 OH group), thus indicating that the number of OH groups present is an important factor in regards to work function changes. For the complete series of adsorbates studied (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, hydrogen peroxide and formic acid) there is a linear relationship between the change in the work function and the adsorption energy for the molecular adsorption mode. The relationship is less pronounced for the dissociated adsorption mode for the same series.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rohmann
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States of America
| | - H Idriss
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, WC1H 0AH, London, United Kingdom
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3
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Kräuter J, Al-Shamery K. Bulk defect-dependent initial steps of acetone oxidation on rutile TiO2(110). Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.1963870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Kräuter
- Institute for Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Al-Shamery
- Institute for Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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4
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Feng S, Zhao B, Liang Y, Liu L, Dong J. Improving Selectivity to 1,3-Propanediol for Glycerol Hydrogenolysis Using W- and Al-Incorporated SBA-15 as Support for Pt Nanoparticles. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b03982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanghua Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Taian 271021, China
| | - Binbin Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Yu Liang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Jinxiang Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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5
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Migani A, Blancafort L. Excitonic Interfacial Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Mechanism in the Photocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol to Formaldehyde on TiO2(110). J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:16165-16173. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annapaola Migani
- Catalan
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Blancafort
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament
de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, C/M. A. Campmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain
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6
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Calvillo L, García G, Paduano A, Guillen-Villafuerte O, Valero-Vidal C, Vittadini A, Bellini M, Lavacchi A, Agnoli S, Martucci A, Kunze-Liebhäuser J, Pastor E, Granozzi G. Electrochemical Behavior of TiO(x)C(y) as Catalyst Support for Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells at Intermediate Temperature: From Planar Systems to Powders. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:716-725. [PMID: 26674375 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b09861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To achieve complete oxidation of ethanol (EOR) to CO2, higher operating temperatures (often called intermediate-T, 150-200 °C) and appropriate catalysts are required. We examine here titanium oxycarbide (hereafter TiOxCy) as a possible alternative to standard carbon-based supports to enhance the stability of the catalyst/support assembly at intermediate-T. To test this material as electrocatalyst support, a systematic study of its behavior under electrochemical conditions was carried out. To have a clear description of the chemical changes of TiOxCy induced by electrochemical polarization of the material, a special setup that allows the combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical measurements was used. Subsequently, an electrochemical study was carried out on TiOxCy powders, both at room temperature and at 150 °C. The present study has revealed that TiOxCy is a sufficiently conductive material whose surface is passivated by a TiO2 film under working conditions, which prevents the full oxidation of the TiOxCy and can thus be considered a stable electrode material for EOR working conditions. This result has also been confirmed through density functional theory (DFT) calculations on a simplified model system. Furthermore, it has been experimentally observed that ethanol molecules adsorb on the TiOxCy surface, inhibiting its oxidation. This result has been confirmed by using in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIRS). The adsorption of ethanol is expected to favor the EOR in the presence of suitable catalyst nanoparticles supported on TiOxCy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Calvillo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , Via Marzolo 1, Padua 35131, Italy
| | - Gonzalo García
- Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna , Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, La Laguna, Tenerife 38071, Spain
| | - Andrea Paduano
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova , Via Marzolo 9, Padua 35131, Italy
| | - Olmedo Guillen-Villafuerte
- Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna , Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, La Laguna, Tenerife 38071, Spain
| | - Carlos Valero-Vidal
- Leopold-Franzens-University Innsbruck, Institute of Physical Chemistry , Innrain 52c, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | | | - Marco Bellini
- CNR-ICCOM , Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Alessandro Lavacchi
- CNR-ICCOM , Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Stefano Agnoli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , Via Marzolo 1, Padua 35131, Italy
| | - Alessandro Martucci
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova , Via Marzolo 9, Padua 35131, Italy
| | - Julia Kunze-Liebhäuser
- Leopold-Franzens-University Innsbruck, Institute of Physical Chemistry , Innrain 52c, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Elena Pastor
- Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna , Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, La Laguna, Tenerife 38071, Spain
| | - Gaetano Granozzi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , Via Marzolo 1, Padua 35131, Italy
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López CR, Melián EP, Ortega Méndez J, Santiago DE, Doña Rodríguez J, González Díaz O. Comparative study of alcohols as sacrificial agents in H2 production by heterogeneous photocatalysis using Pt/TiO2 catalysts. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Zhang W, Liu L, Wan L, Liu L, Cao L, Xu F, Zhao J, Wu Z. Electronic structures of bare and terephthalic acid adsorbed TiO2(110)-(1 × 2) reconstructed surfaces: origin and reactivity of the band gap states. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:20144-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01298h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Ti2O3-row contributed band gap states are sensitive to TPA adsorption, resulting in the redistribution of Ti 3d states at the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Zhang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230029
- People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Liu
- Department of Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230029
- People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyun Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230029
- People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Cao
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Hefei 230031
- P. R. China
| | - Faqiang Xu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230029
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- People's Republic of China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics
| | - Ziyu Wu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230029
- People's Republic of China
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
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