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Alić J, Biljan I, Štefanić Z, Šekutor M. Preparation and characterization of non-aromatic ether self-assemblies on a HOPG surface. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:355603. [PMID: 35545006 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac6e72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
On-surface self-assemblies of aromatic organic molecules have been widely investigated, but the characterization of analogous self-assemblies consisting of fully sp3-hybridized molecules remains challenging. The possible on-surface orientations of alkyl molecules not exclusively comprised of long alkyl chains are difficult to distinguish because of their inherently low symmetry and non-planar nature. Here, we present a detailed study of diamondoid ethers, structurally rigid and fully saturated molecules, which form uniform 2D monolayers on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface. Using scanning tunneling microscopy, various computational tools, and x-ray structural analysis, we identified the most favorable on-surface orientations of these rigid ethers and accounted for the forces driving the self-organization process. The influence of the oxygen atom and London dispersion interactions were found to be responsible for the formation of the observed highly ordered 2D ether assemblies. Our findings provide insight into the on-surface properties and behavior of non-aromatic organic compounds and broaden our understanding of the phenomena characteristic of monolayers consisting of non-planar molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Alić
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Biljan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoran Štefanić
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Šekutor
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
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2
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Vinit. Density functional studies of hydrogen passivated nanoclusters of carbon, silicon, germanium and their respective ionic analogues. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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3
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Hoche J, Schulz A, Dietrich LM, Humeniuk A, Stolte M, Schmidt D, Brixner T, Würthner F, Mitric R. The origin of the solvent dependence of fluorescence quantum yields in dipolar merocyanine dyes. Chem Sci 2019; 10:11013-11022. [PMID: 32206253 PMCID: PMC7069518 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05012d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorophores with high quantum yields are desired for a variety of applications. Optimization of promising chromophores requires an understanding of the non-radiative decay channels that compete with the emission of photons. We synthesized a new derivative of the famous laser dye 4-dicyanomethylen-2-methyl-6-p-dimethylaminostyryl-4H-pyran (DCM), i.e., merocyanine 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-tert-butyl-6-[3-(3-butyl-benzothiazol-2-ylidene)1-propenyl]-4H-pyran (DCBT). We measured fluorescence lifetimes and quantum yields in a variety of solvents and found a trend opposite to the energy gap law. This motivated a theoretical investigation into the possible non-radiative decay channels. We propose that a barrier to a conical intersection exists that is very sensitive to the solvent polarity. The conical intersection is characterized by a twisted geometry which allows a subsequent photoisomerization. Transient absorption measurements confirmed the formation of a photoisomer in unpolar solvents, while the measurements of fluorescence quantum yields at low temperature demonstrated the existence of an activation energy barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joscha Hoche
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany . ;
| | - Alexander Schulz
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Lysanne Monika Dietrich
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany . ;
| | - Alexander Humeniuk
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany . ;
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - David Schmidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Tobias Brixner
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany . ;
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Roland Mitric
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany . ;
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry & Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) , Universität Würzburg , Theodor-Boveri-Weg , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
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4
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Xiong T, Saalfrank P. Vibrationally Broadened Optical Spectra of Selected Radicals and Cations Derived from Adamantane: A Time-Dependent Correlation Function Approach. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:8871-8880. [PMID: 31536349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b03305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Diamondoids are hydrogen-saturated molecular motifs cut out of diamond, forming a class of materials with tunable optoelectronic properties. In this work, we extend previous work on neutral, closed-shell diamondoids by computing with hybrid density functional theory and time-dependent correlation functions vibrationally broadened absorption spectra of cations and radicals derived from the simplest diamondoid, adamantane, namely, the neutral 1- and 2-adamantyl radicals (C10H15), the 1- and 2-adamantyl cations (C10H15+), and the adamantane radical cation (C10H16+). For selected cases, we also report vibrationally broadened emission, photoelectron, and resonance Raman spectra. Furthermore, the effect of the damping factor on the vibrational fine-structure is studied. The following trends are found: (1) Low-energy absorptions of the adamantyl radicals and cations, and of the adamantane cation, are all strongly red-shifted with respect to adamantane; (2) also, emission spectra are strongly red-shifted, whereas photoelectron spectra are less affected for the cases studied; (3) vibrational fine-structures are reduced compared to those of adamantane; (4) the spectroscopic signals of 1- and 2-adamantyl species are significantly different from each other; and (5) reducing the damping factor has only a limited effect on the vibrational fine-structure in most cases. This suggests that removing hydrogen atoms and/or electrons from adamantane leads to new optoelectronic properties, which should be detectable by vibronic spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiong
- Institut für Chemie , Universität Potsdam , Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25 , D-14476 Potsdam , Germany
| | - Peter Saalfrank
- Institut für Chemie , Universität Potsdam , Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25 , D-14476 Potsdam , Germany
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5
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Begam Elavarasi S, Deepa Mariam, Ummal Momeen M, Hu J, Guin M. Effect of fluorination on bandgap, first and second order hyperpolarizabilities in lithium substituted adamantane: A time dependent density functional theory. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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6
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Bouwman J, Horst S, Oomens J. Spectroscopic Characterization of the Product Ions Formed by Electron Ionization of Adamantane. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:3211-3218. [PMID: 30307689 PMCID: PMC6392131 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A structural characterization of the products formed in the dissociative electron ionization of adamantane (C10 H16 ) is presented. Molecular structures of product ions are suggested based on multiple-photon dissociation spectroscopy using the Free Electron Laser for Infrared eXperiments (FELIX) in combination with quantum-chemical calculations. Product ions are individually isolated in an ion trap tandem mass spectrometer and their action IR spectra are recorded. Atomic hydrogen loss from adamantane yields the 1-adamantyl isomer. The IR spectrum of the C8 H11 + product ion is best reproduced by computed spectra of 2- and 4-protonated meta-xylene and ortho- and para-protonated ethylbenzenes. The spectrum of the product ion at m/z 93 suggests that it is composed of a mixture of ortho-protonated toluene, para-protonated toluene and 1,2-dihydrotropylium, while the spectrum of the m/z 79 ion is consistent with the benzenium ion. This study thus suggests that adamantane is efficiently converted into aromatic species and astrophysical implications for the interstellar medium are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordy Bouwman
- Radboud UniversityInstitute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7NL-6525 EDNijmegenthe Netherlands
- Present address: Sackler Laboratory for Astrophysics, Leiden ObservatoryLeiden UniversityP.O. Box 95132300 RALeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Stefan Horst
- Radboud UniversityInstitute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7NL-6525 EDNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - Jos Oomens
- Radboud UniversityInstitute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7NL-6525 EDNijmegenthe Netherlands
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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7
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Bizimana LA, Carbery WP, Gellen TA, Turner DB. Signatures of Herzberg-Teller coupling in three-dimensional electronic spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2018; 146:084311. [PMID: 28249416 DOI: 10.1063/1.4976995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The coupling between electronic and nuclear variables is a key consideration in molecular dynamics and spectroscopy. However, simulations that include detailed vibronic coupling terms are challenging to perform, and thus a variety of approximations can be used to model and interpret experimental results. Recent work shows that these simplified models can be inadequate. It is therefore important to understand spectroscopic signals that can identify failures of those approximations. Here we use an extended response-function method to simulate coherent three-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (3D ES) and study the sensitivity of this method to the breakdown of the Franck-Condon approximation. The simulations include a coordinate-dependent transition dipole operator that produces nodes, phase shifts, and peak patterns in 3D ES that can be used to identify Herzberg-Teller coupling. Guided by the simulation results, we interpret measurements on a molecular aggregate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie A Bizimana
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - William P Carbery
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - Tobias A Gellen
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - Daniel B Turner
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003, USA
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8
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Sarap CS, Adhikari B, Meng S, Uhlig F, Fyta M. Optical Properties of Single- and Double-Functionalized Small Diamondoids. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:3583-3593. [PMID: 29488764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The rational control of the electronic and optical properties of small functionalized diamond-like molecules, the diamondoids, is the focus of this work. Specifically, we investigate the single- and double- functionalization of the lower diamondoids, adamantane, diamantane, and triamantane with -NH2 and -SH groups and extend the study to N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) functionalization. On the basis of electronic structure calculations, we predict a significant change in the optical properties of these functionalized diamondoids. Our computations reveal that -NH2 functionalized diamondoids show UV photoluminescence similar to ideal diamondoids while -SH substituted diamondoids hinder the UV photoluminescence due to the labile nature of the S-H bond in the first excited state. This study also unveils that the UV photoluminescence nature of -NH2 diamondoids is quenched upon additional functionalization with the -SH group. The double-functionalized derivative can, thus, serve as a sensitive probe for biomolecule binding and sensing environmental changes. The preserved intrinsic properties of the NHC and the ideal diamondoid in NHC-functionalized-diamondoids suggests its utilization in diamondoid-based self-assembled monolayers (SAM), whose UV-photoluminescent signal would be determined entirely by the functionalized diamondoids. Our study aims to pave the path for tuning the properties of diamondoids through a selective choice of the type and number of functional groups. This will aid the realization of optoelectronic devices involving, for example, large-area SAM layers or diamondoid-functionalized electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Shekar Sarap
- Institute for Computational Physics , Universität Stuttgart , Allmandring 3 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Bibek Adhikari
- Institute for Computational Physics , Universität Stuttgart , Allmandring 3 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Sheng Meng
- Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Zhongguancun , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Frank Uhlig
- Institute for Computational Physics , Universität Stuttgart , Allmandring 3 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Maria Fyta
- Institute for Computational Physics , Universität Stuttgart , Allmandring 3 , 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
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9
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Xiong T, Włodarczyk R, Gallandi L, Körzdörfer T, Saalfrank P. Vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra of lower diamondoids: A time-dependent approach. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:044310. [PMID: 29390801 DOI: 10.1063/1.5012131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiong
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Golm, Germany
| | - Radosław Włodarczyk
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Golm, Germany
| | - Lukas Gallandi
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Golm, Germany
| | - Thomas Körzdörfer
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Golm, Germany
| | - Peter Saalfrank
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Golm, Germany
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10
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Wang YT, Zhao YJ, Liao JH, Yang XB. Theoretical investigations on diamondoids (C nH m, n = 10-41): Nomenclature, structural stabilities, and gap distributions. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:014306. [PMID: 29306287 DOI: 10.1063/1.5004437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Combining the congruence check and the first-principles calculations, we have systematically investigated the structural stabilities and gap distributions of possible diamondoids (CnHm) with the carbon numbers (n) from 10 to 41. A simple method for the nomenclature is proposed, which can be used to distinguish and screen the candidates with high efficiency. Different from previous theoretical studies, the possible diamondoids can be enumerated according to our nomenclature, without any pre-determination from experiments. The structural stabilities and electronic properties have been studied by density functional based tight binding and first-principles methods, where a nearly linear correlation is found between the energy gaps obtained by these two methods. According to the formation energy of structures, we have determined the stable configurations as a function of chemical potential. The maximum and minimum energy gaps are found to be dominated by the shape of diamondoids for clusters with a given number of carbon atoms, while the gap decreases in general as the size increases due to the quantum confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Wang
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jun Zhao
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Hai Liao
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bao Yang
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
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11
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Rander T, Bischoff T, Knecht A, Wolter D, Richter R, Merli A, Möller T. Electronic and Optical Properties of Methylated Adamantanes. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:11132-11137. [PMID: 28737388 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent theoretical work has identified functionalized diamondoids as promising candidates for the tailoring of fluorescent nanomaterials. However, experiments confirming that optical gap tuning can be achieved through functionalization have, up until now, found only systems where fluorescence is quenched. We address this shortcoming by investigating a series of methylated adamantanes. For the first time, a class of functionalized diamondoids is shown to fluoresce in the gas phase. In order to understand the evolution of the optical and electronic structure properties with degree of functionalization, photoelectron spectroscopy was used to map the occupied valence electronic structure, while absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies yielded information about the unoccupied electronic structure and postexcitation relaxation behavior. The resulting spectra were modeled by (time-dependent) density functional theory. These results show that it is possible to overcome fluorescence quenching when functionalizing diamondoids and represent a significant step toward tailoring the electronic structure of these and other semiconductor particles in a manner suitable to applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torbjörn Rander
- Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Bischoff
- Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andre Knecht
- Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Wolter
- Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Richter
- Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Merli
- Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Möller
- Technische Universität Berlin , Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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12
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Tyborski C, Meinke R, Gillen R, Bischoff T, Knecht A, Richter R, Merli A, Fokin AA, Koso TV, Rodionov VN, Schreiner PR, Möller T, Rander T, Thomsen C, Maultzsch J. From isolated diamondoids to a van-der-Waals crystal: A theoretical and experimental analysis of a trishomocubane and a diamantane dimer in the gas and solid phase. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:044303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4994898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Tyborski
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhard Meinke
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland Gillen
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Bischoff
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andre Knecht
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Richter
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Merli
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrey A. Fokin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kiev Polytechnic Institute, Pr. Pobedy 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Tetyana V. Koso
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Vladimir N. Rodionov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Möller
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Torbjörn Rander
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Thomsen
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Janina Maultzsch
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
- Department für Physik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erwin-Rommel-Straße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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13
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Morini F, Watanabe N, Kojima M, Deleuze MS, Takahashi M. Influence of molecular vibrations on the valence electron momentum distributions of adamantane. J Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4977060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Morini
- Center of Molecular and Materials Modelling, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Noboru Watanabe
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Masataka Kojima
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Michael Simon Deleuze
- Center of Molecular and Materials Modelling, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Masahiko Takahashi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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14
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Röhr MIS, Mitrić R, Petersen J. Vibrationally resolved optical spectra and ultrafast electronic relaxation dynamics of diamantane. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:8701-9. [PMID: 26954327 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00137h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We present theoretical simulations of the vibrationally resolved photoabsorption and photoemission spectra of diamantane combined with nonadiabatic dynamics simulations in order to identify the state responsible for the measured photoluminescence of diamantane and to determine the mechanism and the time-scales of the electronic state relaxation. Diamantane is a prototype representative of the diamondoid class of hydrocarbons which have recently gained significant interest due to their unique electronic properties. This molecule is characterised by an almost dark first excited state, which therefore cannot be directly excited. Moreover, the calculated vertical transition from the geometrically relaxed first excited state to the ground state also bears no intensity. However, recent experiments suggest that the observed photoluminescence originates from the lowest excited state. We have performed spectral simulations in the frame of the Herzberg-Teller approximation for vibronic transitions, which goes beyond the Franck-Condon approximation of constant transition dipole moments and takes into account their linear dependence on the geometrical deformations. In this way, the available experimental spectrum could be fully reproduced, resolving the issue about the origin of the photoluminescence. Moreover, the photoemission from the first excited state also implies that ultrafast nonradiative processes have to take place after the initial excitation of the bright electronic states. We have determined the mechanism and time-scales of these relaxation processes by performing nonadiabatic dynamics simulations in the manifold of s- and p-type Rydberg excited states. The simulations demonstrate that the lowest excited electronic state of diamantane gains significant population from higher-lying states already after several hundreds of femtoseconds. Thus, our dynamics simulations combined with spectra calculated using the Herzberg-Teller approximation allow us to fully explain the observed photoabsorption and photoemission properties of diamantane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merle I S Röhr
- Institut für physikalische und theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Straße 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Roland Mitrić
- Institut für physikalische und theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Straße 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Jens Petersen
- Institut für physikalische und theoretische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Straße 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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15
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Richter R, Wolter D, Zimmermann T, Landt L, Knecht A, Heidrich C, Merli A, Dopfer O, Reiß P, Ehresmann A, Petersen J, Dahl JE, Carlson RMK, Bostedt C, Möller T, Mitric R, Rander T. Correction: Size and shape dependent photoluminescence and excited state decay rates of diamondoids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:32574-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp90213d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Correction for ‘Size and shape dependent photoluminescence and excited state decay rates of diamondoids’ by Robert Richter et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2014, 16, 3070–3076.
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