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Bouzineb Y, Fitri A, Benjelloun AT, Benzakour M, Mcharfi M, Bouachrine M. Theoretical investigation of the effect of changing the auxiliary acceptor on the performance of organic D-A'-A dyes used as sensitizers in DSSCs. J Mol Model 2023; 29:365. [PMID: 37946060 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05766-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have displayed huge potential in inexpensive, efficient, and clean solar energy technology. In this work, seven new dyes with the structure D-A'-A were designed in which the thiophene in the reference dye was replaced by auxiliary acceptors (A'). These dyes consist mainly of a pyranylidene-based electron donor D and the cyanoacrylic acid moiety as acceptor A. A computational investigation was carried out on the effect of various auxiliary acceptors A' on the efficiency of D-A'-A dyes in isolation and after binding to the semiconductor TiO2. Optimized structures, geometrical, optoelectronic, and photovoltaic parameters were calculated to predict promising dyes for potential use as solar cell sensitizers, including band gap (Egap), natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis, nonlinear optical properties (NLO), UV-Vis absorption spectra, maximum absorption wavelength (λmax), reorganization energy (λtotal), light-harvesting efficiency (LHE), electron injection driving force (ΔGinject) and open-circuit photovoltage (VOC). The results of this study revealed that all designed dyes, compared to the reference dye, are characterized by small Egap and λtotal values as well as large λmax, in addition to significant NLO properties and large adsorption energy (Eads). Therefore, all studied dyes can be used as sensitizers in DSSC. METHODS Using Density Functional Theory (DFT) approaches with the B3LYP functional and the 6-31G(d,p) basis set, all ground state geometries of the isolated dyes were fully optimized. Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) method using the CAM-B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)/IEF-PCM level was applied to simulate the UV-visible absorption properties. All isolated dye calculations were performed using the Gaussian 09 software package. DFT calculations have been carried out with the DMol3 package included in Materials Studio for simulating the adsorption of the investigated dyestuff on the TiO2 surface of anatase (101), using the generalized gradient corrected approximation (GGA) approach of the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) functional with the basic set of digital double polarisation (DNP). To study the optical performance of dye@TiO2 the PBE/DNP method present in DMol3 was applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassir Bouzineb
- LIMAS, Faculty of Sciences Dhar el Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Asmae Fitri
- LIMAS, Faculty of Sciences Dhar el Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Adil Touimi Benjelloun
- LIMAS, Faculty of Sciences Dhar el Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Benzakour
- LIMAS, Faculty of Sciences Dhar el Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Mcharfi
- LIMAS, Faculty of Sciences Dhar el Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University, Fez, Morocco
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2
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Charge Transfer Chromophores Derived from 3d-Row Transition Metal Complexes. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238175. [PMID: 36500270 PMCID: PMC9736222 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of new charge transfer (CT) chromophores of "α-diimine-MII-catecholate" type (where M is 3d-row transition metals-Cu, Ni, Co) were derived from 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridyl and 3,6-di-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone (3,6-DTBQ) in accordance with three modified synthetic approaches, which provide high yields of products. A square-planar molecular structure is inherent for monomeric [CuII(3,6-Cat)(bipytBu)]∙THF (1) and NiII(3,6-Cat)(bipytBu) (2) chromophores, while dimeric complex [CoII(3,6-Cat)(bipytBu)]2∙toluene (3) units two substantially distorted heteroleptic D-MII-A (where D, M, A are donor, metal and acceptor, respectively) parts through a donation of oxygen atoms from catecholate dianions. Chromophores 1-3 undergo an effective photoinduced intramolecular charge transfer (λ = 500-715 nm, extinction coefficient up to 104 M-1·cm-1) with a concomitant generation of a less polar excited species, the energy of which is a finely sensitive towards solvent polarity, ensuring a pronounced negative solvatochromic effect. Special attention was paid to energetic characteristics for CT and interacting HOMO/LUMO orbitals that were explored by a synergy of UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and DFT study. The current work sheds light on the dependence of CT peculiarities on the nature of metal centers from various groups of the periodic law. Moreover, the "α-diimine-MII-catecholate" CT chromophores on the base of "late" transition elements with differences in d-level's electronic structure were compared for the first time.
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Pashanova KI, Lazarev NM, Kukinov AA, Zolotukhin AA, Kovylina TA, Trofimova OY, Petrov BI, Piskunov AV. Thermal Behavior and Photovoltaic Application of Ni
II
and Co
III
Complexes with Substituted
o
‐Iminobenzoquinone Ligands. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kira I. Pashanova
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 49 Tropinina Street 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay M. Lazarev
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 49 Tropinina Street 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Andrey A. Kukinov
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 49 Tropinina Street 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Alexey A. Zolotukhin
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 49 Tropinina Street 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana A. Kovylina
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 49 Tropinina Street 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Olesya Yu. Trofimova
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 49 Tropinina Street 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Boris I. Petrov
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 49 Tropinina Street 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Alexandr V. Piskunov
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 49 Tropinina Street 603137 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
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4
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Synthesis, structures, DFT studies and properties of novel tertiary diphosphines based on α- and β-naphthylamine. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Peppas A, Sokalis D, Perganti D, Schnakenburg G, Falaras P, Philippopoulos A. Sterically demanding pyridine-quinoline anchoring ligands as building blocks for copper(I)-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:15049-15066. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02382b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Pfitzinger condensation reaction was employed to synthesise N^N sterically demanding ligands bearing carboxylic acid anchoring groups, namely 2,2΄-pyridyl-quinoline-4-carboxylic acid (pqca); 6'-methyl-2,2΄-pyridyl-quinoline-4-carboxylic acid (6'-Mepqca); 8-methyl-2,2΄-pyridyl-quinoline-4-carboxylic acid (8-Mepqca) and 8,6'-dimethyl-2,2΄-pyridyl-quinoline-4-carboxylic acid...
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Pashanova KI, Bitkina VO, Yakushev IA, Arsenyev MV, Piskunov AV. Square-Planar Heteroleptic Complexes of α-Diimine-Ni II-Catecholate Type: Intramolecular Ligand-to-Ligand Charge Transfer. Molecules 2021; 26:4622. [PMID: 34361775 PMCID: PMC8347615 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Two heteroleptic NiII complexes combined the redox-active catecholate and 2,2'- bipyridine ligand platforms were synthesized to observe a photoinduced intramolecular ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (LL'CT, HOMOcatecholate → LUMOα-diimine). A molecular design of compound [NiII(3,6-Cat)(bipy)]∙CH3CN (1) on the base of bulky 3,6-di-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone (3,6-DTBQ) was an annelation of the ligand with an electron donor glycol fragment, producing derivative [NiII(3,6-Catgly)(bipy)]∙CH2Cl2 (2), in order to influence the energy of LL'CT transition. A substantial longwave shift of the absorption peak was observed in the UV-Vis-NIR spectra of 2 compared with those in 1. In addition, the studied NiII derivatives demonstrated a pronounced negative solvatochromism, which was established using a broad set of solvents. The molecular geometry of both compounds can be ascribed as an insignificantly distorted square-planar type, and the π-π intermolecular stacking of the neighboring α-diimines is realized in a crystal packing. There is a lamellar crystal structure for complex 1, whereas the perpendicular T-motifs with the inter-stacks attractive π-π interactions form the packing of complex 2. The redox-active nature of ligand systems was clearly shown through the electrochemical study: a quasi-reversible one-electron reduction of 2,2'-bipyridine and two reversible successive one-electron oxidative conversations ("catecholate dianion-o-benzosemiquinonato radical anion-neutral o-benzoquinone") were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira I. Pashanova
- Laboratory of Metal Complexes with Redox-Active Ligands, G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Tropinina Street, 603137 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (K.I.P.); (V.O.B.); (M.V.A.)
| | - Vladlena O. Bitkina
- Laboratory of Metal Complexes with Redox-Active Ligands, G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Tropinina Street, 603137 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (K.I.P.); (V.O.B.); (M.V.A.)
| | - Ilya A. Yakushev
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninski Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Maxim V. Arsenyev
- Laboratory of Metal Complexes with Redox-Active Ligands, G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 49 Tropinina Street, 603137 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (K.I.P.); (V.O.B.); (M.V.A.)
| | - Alexandr V. Piskunov
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninski Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
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7
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Bhattacharya S, Md Pratik S. Performance improvement of p-type dye sensitized solar cells by blending of dissimilar dyes. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Durand RJ, Achelle S, Robin-Le Guen F, Caytan E, Le Poul N, Barsella A, Guevara Level P, Jacquemin D, Gauthier S. Investigation of second-order nonlinear optical responses in a series of V-shaped binuclear platinum(ii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:4623-4633. [PMID: 33710218 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00151e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of four D-(π-Pt-π-A)2 new V-shaped binuclear platinum(ii) complexes bearing a diphenylpyranylidene ligand as a pro-aromatic donor group (D) and various electron-attracting groups (A) separated by platinum bis-acetylide fragments have been synthesized, characterized and studied for their electrochemical, photophysical and second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. The nonlinear optical properties of these complexes have been determined by using the Electric-Field-Induced Second Harmonic (EFISH) generation technique, and their optical properties have been rationalized by Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) calculations relying on a range-separated hybrid. All complexes display positive μβ0 values. In addition, the second-order NLO responses of the complexes could be easily modulated by incorporating various end-capped electron-attracting groups, namely malononitrile, indane-1,3-dione, pyrimidine and pyrimidinium. Remarkably, complex 7 bearing a pyrimidinium fragment displays the highest μβ0 value among all the complexes of this series. Its NLO response is twice as high as that of the mononuclear analogue complex RD2, which has been confirmed both experimentally and theoretically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël J Durand
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
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9
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Tejeda-Orusco V, Andreu R, Orduna J, Villacampa B, Franco S, Civera A. Twisted One-Dimensional Charge Transfer and Related Y-Shaped Chromophores with a 4 H-Pyranylidene Donor: Synthesis and Optical Properties. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3152-3163. [PMID: 33530683 PMCID: PMC9161450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Three series of push–pull
derivatives bearing 4H-pyranylidene as electron donor
group and a variety of acceptors
were designed. On one hand, one-dimensional chromophores with a thiophene
ring (series 1H) or 5-dimethylaminothiophene moiety (series 1N) as an auxiliary donor, non-coplanar with the π-conjugated
system, were synthesized. On the other hand, related two-dimensional
(2D) Y-shaped chromophores (series 2) were also prepared
to compare how the diverse architectures affect the electrochemical,
linear, and second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. The presence
of the 5-dimethylaminothiophene moiety in the exocyclic C=C
bond of the pyranylidene unit gives rise to oxidation potentials rarely
low, and the protonation (with an excess of trifluoroacetic acid)
of its derivatives results in the apparition of a new blue-shifted
band in the UV–visible spectra. The analysis of the properties
of derivatives with and without the additional thiophene ring shows
that this auxiliary donor leads to a higher NLO response, accompanied
by an enhanced transparency. Y-shaped chromophores of series 2 present a blue-shifted absorption, higher molar extinction
coefficients, and higher Eox values compared
to their linear twisted counterparts. As concerns NLO properties,
2D Y-shaped architecture gives rise to somewhat lower μβ
values (except for thiobarbiturate derivatives).
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Tejeda-Orusco
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA)-Departamento de Química Orgánica, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Raquel Andreu
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA)-Departamento de Química Orgánica, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Jesús Orduna
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA)-Departamento de Química Orgánica, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Belén Villacampa
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA)-Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Santiago Franco
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA)-Departamento de Química Orgánica, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Alba Civera
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA)-Departamento de Química Orgánica, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
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Anderson CM, Coffey B, Morales L, Greenberg MW, Norman M, Weinstein M, Brown G, Tanski JM. Platinum Complexes from C-H Activation of Sterically Hindered [C^N] Donor Benzothiophene Imine Ligands: Synthesis and Photophysical Properties. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:26855-26863. [PMID: 33111011 PMCID: PMC7581249 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Primary amines and benzothiophene-3-carboxaldehyde were reacted to give four large, bulky imine ligands. These imine ligands were reacted with a tetramethyl platinum dimer and by heteroatom-assisted C-H activation, both monometalated compounds and bismetalated compounds were synthesized. In all cases, five-membered platinacycles were formed. The compounds were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, and one bismetalated compound was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The UV-vis absorption and emission spectra and the excited-state lifetimes were recorded for these complexes. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent-DFT calculations were performed to aid in the assignment of the absorption and emission spectra of the newly synthesized complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig M. Anderson
- Department
of Chemistry, Bard College, 30 Campus Road, Annandale-on-Hudson, New York 12504, United States
| | - Belle Coffey
- Department
of Chemistry, Bard College, 30 Campus Road, Annandale-on-Hudson, New York 12504, United States
| | - Leslie Morales
- Department
of Chemistry, Bard College, 30 Campus Road, Annandale-on-Hudson, New York 12504, United States
| | - Matthew W. Greenberg
- Department
of Chemistry, Bard College, 30 Campus Road, Annandale-on-Hudson, New York 12504, United States
| | - Matthew Norman
- Department
of Chemistry, Bard College, 30 Campus Road, Annandale-on-Hudson, New York 12504, United States
| | - Michael Weinstein
- Department
of Chemistry, Bard College, 30 Campus Road, Annandale-on-Hudson, New York 12504, United States
| | - Garrett Brown
- Department
of Chemistry, Bard College, 30 Campus Road, Annandale-on-Hudson, New York 12504, United States
| | - Joseph M. Tanski
- Department
of Chemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York 12604, United States
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11
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Yadav SB, Sekar N. Static- and frequency-dependent NLO properties of dithienothiophene and thienothiophene bridges — A computational investigation. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633620500182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We have explored detailed linear and nonlinear optical properties of push-pull systems bearing thienothiophene and dithienothiophene spacers. By using density functional theory (DFT), frequency-dependent strategies were applied to examine the polarizability ([Formula: see text] and hyperpolarizability ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The set of global and range-separated hybrid functionals with different Hartree–Fock (HF) exchange percentage at two basis sets cc-pVDZ and cc-pVTZ were used to evaluate the nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. The observed trends in the absorption maxima supported by perturbation potential analysis; as the absorption maxima increases, the respective amplitude potential decreases. For the investigated compounds, [Formula: see text]-conjugation along with the type of substituted acceptor plays a crucial role in the enhancement of NLO properties. The presence of acceptor group and length of conjugation increase between the D and A group; the first- and second-order intrinsic hyperpolarizability increases, leads to enhanced first- as well as second-order hyperpolarizability. Bond length alternation (BLA)/bond order alteration (BOA) exploration suggested that compounds attain cyanine limit. The trends in NLO properties for investigated compounds are supported by chemical reactivity descriptors, hardness and hyperhardness analysis. The polarizability is linearly correlated with the hyperpolarizability parameters ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and shows a good regression coefficient by figures of merit analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar B. Yadav
- Department of Dyestuff Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai — 400 019, India
| | - Nagaiyan Sekar
- Department of Dyestuff Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai — 400 019, India
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Mihaly JJ, Phillips AT, Malloy JT, Marsh ZM, Zeller M, Haley JE, de La Harpe K, Grusenmeyer TA, Gray TG. Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Laterally Asymmetric Digold(I) Alkynyls and Triazolyl: Ancillary Ligand and Organic Functionality Dictate Excited-State Dynamics. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J. Mihaly
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Alexis T. Phillips
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
- Southwestern Ohio Council for Higher Education, Dayton, Ohio 45420, United States
| | - Jacob T. Malloy
- Department of Physics, United States Air Force Academy, U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado 80840, United States
| | - Zachary M. Marsh
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
- Azimuth Corporation, 4027 Colonel Glenn Highway, Suite 230, Beavercreek, Ohio 45431, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Joy E. Haley
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Kimberly de La Harpe
- Department of Physics, United States Air Force Academy, U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado 80840, United States
| | - Tod A. Grusenmeyer
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Thomas G. Gray
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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13
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Wojcik L, López I, Gauthier S, Cabon N, Le Poul P, Gloaguen F, Le Poul N. Insights into the radical-radical and radical-substrate dimerization processes for substituted phenylmethylenepyrans. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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14
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Zhang X, Bolag A, Yun W, Eerdun C, Du Y, Ning J, Alata H. Dye Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Diphenylpyranylidene Sensitizers with Mono and Dual Cyanoacrylic Acid Anchoring Groups. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, No 81 Zhaowuda Road, Saihan, Hohhot 010022, P. R. China
| | - Altan Bolag
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Physics and Chemistry of Functional Materials, College of Physics and Electronic Information, Inner Mongolia Normal University, No 81 Zhaowuda Road, Saihan, Hohhot 010022, P. R. China
| | - Wu Yun
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, No 81 Zhaowuda Road, Saihan, Hohhot 010022, P. R. China
| | - Chaolu Eerdun
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinshan Economic & Technology Development District, Hohhot 0100110, P. R. China
| | - Yanqing Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinshan Economic & Technology Development District, Hohhot 0100110, P. R. China
| | - Jun Ning
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Physics and Chemistry of Functional Materials, College of Physics and Electronic Information, Inner Mongolia Normal University, No 81 Zhaowuda Road, Saihan, Hohhot 010022, P. R. China
| | - Hexig Alata
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Physics and Chemistry of Functional Materials, College of Physics and Electronic Information, Inner Mongolia Normal University, No 81 Zhaowuda Road, Saihan, Hohhot 010022, P. R. China
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15
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Synthesis, characterization, and photophysical properties of bismetalated platinum complexes with benzothiophene ligands. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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16
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Meti P, Nagaraju G, Yang JW, Jung SH, Gong YD. Synthesis of dipyrrolopyrazine-based sensitizers with a new π-bridge end-capped donor–acceptor framework for DSSCs: a combined experimental and theoretical investigation. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj06083e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Organic dyes with dipyrrolopyrazine as the central π-linker have been synthesized. Photovoltaic properties were investigated and supported by DFT. Thermal analysis shows good thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puttavva Meti
- Innovative Drug Library Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Dongguk University
- Seoul 04620
| | - Goli Nagaraju
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- College of Engineering
- Kyung Hee University
- Gyeonggi-do 446-70
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Won Yang
- Innovative Drug Library Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Dongguk University
- Seoul 04620
| | - Sun Hwa Jung
- Innovative Drug Library Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Dongguk University
- Seoul 04620
| | - Young-Dae Gong
- Innovative Drug Library Research Center
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Dongguk University
- Seoul 04620
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17
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Smolin YY, Lau KKS, Soroush M. First‐principles modeling for optimal design, operation, and integration of energy conversion and storage systems. AIChE J 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Y. Smolin
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Kenneth K. S. Lau
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Masoud Soroush
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104
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18
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Lei H, Juvenal F, Karsenti PL, Fortin D, Harvey PD. Cross Conjugated Organometallic Polymers Exhibiting Ultrafast Excitation Energy Channeling: Drastic Effect of the Connectivity. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Lei
- Département de chimie; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke PQ, J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Frank Juvenal
- Département de chimie; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke PQ, J1K 2R1 Canada
| | | | - Daniel Fortin
- Département de chimie; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke PQ, J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Pierre D. Harvey
- Département de chimie; Université de Sherbrooke; Sherbrooke PQ, J1K 2R1 Canada
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19
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Haque A, Al-Balushi RA, Al-Busaidi IJ, Khan MS, Raithby PR. Rise of Conjugated Poly-ynes and Poly(Metalla-ynes): From Design Through Synthesis to Structure-Property Relationships and Applications. Chem Rev 2018; 118:8474-8597. [PMID: 30112905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated poly-ynes and poly(metalla-ynes) constitute an important class of new materials with potential application in various domains of science. The key factors responsible for the diverse usage of these materials is their intriguing and tunable chemical and photophysical properties. This review highlights fascinating advances made in the field of conjugated organic poly-ynes and poly(metalla-ynes) incorporating group 4-11 metals. This includes several important aspects of conjugated poly-ynes viz. synthetic protocols, bonding, electronic structure, nature of luminescence, structure-property relationships, diverse applications, and concluding remarks. Furthermore, we delineated the future directions and challenges in this particular area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashanul Haque
- Department of Chemistry , Sultan Qaboos University , P.O. Box 36, Al-Khod 123 , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Rayya A Al-Balushi
- Department of Chemistry , Sultan Qaboos University , P.O. Box 36, Al-Khod 123 , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Idris Juma Al-Busaidi
- Department of Chemistry , Sultan Qaboos University , P.O. Box 36, Al-Khod 123 , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Muhammad S Khan
- Department of Chemistry , Sultan Qaboos University , P.O. Box 36, Al-Khod 123 , Sultanate of Oman
| | - Paul R Raithby
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Claverton Down , Bath BA2 7AY , U.K
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20
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Marineau Plante G, Fortin D, Soldera A, Harvey PD. Solid–Solid Phase Transitions in [trans-Pt(PMe3)2(C≡CC6H4R)2]-Containing Materials (R = O(CH2)nH; n = 6, 9, 12, and 15). Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Fortin
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1N 2X8, Canada
| | - Armand Soldera
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1N 2X8, Canada
| | - Pierre D. Harvey
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1N 2X8, Canada
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21
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Gauthier S, Porter A, Achelle S, Roisnel T, Dorcet V, Barsella A, Le Poul N, Guevara Level P, Jacquemin D, Robin-Le Guen F. Mono- and Diplatinum Polyynediyl Complexes as Potential Push–Pull Chromophores: Synthesis, Characterization, TD-DFT Modeling, and Photophysical and NLO Properties. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Gauthier
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Ariel Porter
- Center of Natural Sciences, Northern Kentucky University, Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, Kentucky 41099, United States
| | - Sylvain Achelle
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Alberto Barsella
- Département d’Optique ultra-rapide et Nanophotonique, IPCMS-CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Nicolas Le Poul
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Électrochimie Moléculaires et Chimie Analytique, UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UFR Sciences et Techniques, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, CS
93837, F-29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Patricia Guevara Level
- Laboratoire CEISAM-UMR CNRS 6230, Université de Nantes, 2 Rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, F-44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Laboratoire CEISAM-UMR CNRS 6230, Université de Nantes, 2 Rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, F-44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Françoise Robin-Le Guen
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
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22
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Juvenal F, Fortin D, Harvey PD. A “Flexible” Rigid Rod, trans-Pt(PMe3)2(C≡CC6H4CN)2 (L1), to Form 2D [{Cu2(μ2-X)2}2(μ4-L1)]n Polymers (X = Br, I) Exhibiting the Largest Bathochromic Emissions. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:7208-7221. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Juvenal
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Daniel Fortin
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Pierre D. Harvey
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
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23
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Durand RJ, Gauthier S, Achelle S, Groizard T, Kahlal S, Saillard JY, Barsella A, Le Poul N, Le Guen FR. Push-pull D-π-Ru-π-A chromophores: synthesis and electrochemical, photophysical and second-order nonlinear optical properties. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:3965-3975. [PMID: 29464264 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00093j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present work describes the one-pot synthesis and electrochemical, photophysical and second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of a series of dipolar π-delocalized Ru(ii) dialkynyl complexes. The eight new asymmetrical D-π-Ru-π-A push-pull chromophores incorporate pyranylidene ligands as pro-aromatic donor groups (D) and formaldehyde, indane-1,3-dione, pyrimidine or pyrimidinium as electron-attracting groups (A) separated by ruthenium bis-acetylide fragments and π-conjugated linkers. The second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of all eight complexes were determined by the Electric-Field-Induced Second Harmonic generation (EFISH) technique (operating at 1907 nm), and were compared to those of their purely organic analogs. All investigated compounds (organic and organometallic) exhibited positive μβ values, which dramatically increased for the complexes due to the presence of ruthenium in the π-conjugated core. The second-order NLO response could also be easily modulated by changing the nature of alkynyl substituents. The most promising ruthenium complexes 7 and 8 of the series with the pyrimidinium fragment displayed μβ values of 14 000 × 10-48 esu. The effect of structural modifications on the redox and spectroscopic properties of the complexes was also studied. The intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) occurring through the ruthenium center of the push-pull σ-dialkynyl complexes was investigated by combining experimental and theoretical data.
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24
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Durand RJ, Gauthier S, Achelle S, Kahlal S, Saillard JY, Barsella A, Wojcik L, Le Poul N, Robin-Le Guen F. Incorporation of a platinum center in the pi-conjugated core of push-pull chromophores for nonlinear optics (NLO). Dalton Trans 2018; 46:3059-3069. [PMID: 28217794 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00252a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we describe the synthesis, redox characteristics, and linear and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of seven new unsymmetrical push-pull diacetylide platinum-based complexes. These D-π-Pt-π-A complexes incorporate pyranylidene ligands as pro-aromatic donor groups (D), diazine rings as electron-withdrawing groups (A), and various aromatic fragments (styryl or thienylvinyl) as π-linkers separating the platinum diacetylide unit from the donor and the acceptor groups. This is one of the first examples of push-pull chromophores incorporating a platinum center in the π-conjugated core. The NLO properties of these complexes were compared with those of their purely organic analogues. All compounds (organic and organometallic) exhibited positive μβ values, which dramatically increased upon methylation of the pyrimidine fragment. However, this increase was even more significant in the complexes due to the presence of platinum in the π-conjugated core. The effects of the linker on the redox and spectroscopic properties of the complexes are also discussed. In addition, DFT calculations were performed in order to gain further insight into the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) occurring through the platinum center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël J Durand
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, IUT de Lannion, rue Edouard Branly, BP 30219, F-22302 Lannion Cedex, France.
| | - Sébastien Gauthier
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, IUT de Lannion, rue Edouard Branly, BP 30219, F-22302 Lannion Cedex, France.
| | - Sylvain Achelle
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, IUT de Lannion, rue Edouard Branly, BP 30219, F-22302 Lannion Cedex, France.
| | - Samia Kahlal
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Yves Saillard
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Alberto Barsella
- Département d'Optique ultra-rapide et Nanophotonique, IPCMS-CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Laurianne Wojcik
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Électrochimie Moléculaires et Chimie Analytique, UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UFR Sciences et Techniques, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu - CS 93837, F-29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Nicolas Le Poul
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Électrochimie Moléculaires et Chimie Analytique, UMR CNRS 6521, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UFR Sciences et Techniques, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu - CS 93837, F-29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Françoise Robin-Le Guen
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, IUT de Lannion, rue Edouard Branly, BP 30219, F-22302 Lannion Cedex, France.
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25
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Marineau-Plante G, Juvenal F, Langlois A, Fortin D, Soldera A, Harvey PD. Multiply “trapped” 3[trans-Pt(PR3)2(CCC6H4X)2]* conformers in rigid media. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:976-979. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09503a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The triplet emission exhibits multiple well-defined decays depending on the θ1 and θ2 values and environment in the crystal sites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank Juvenal
- Departement de chimie
- Université de Sherbrooke
- Sherbrooke
- Canada
| | - Adam Langlois
- Departement de chimie
- Université de Sherbrooke
- Sherbrooke
- Canada
| | - Daniel Fortin
- Departement de chimie
- Université de Sherbrooke
- Sherbrooke
- Canada
| | - Armand Soldera
- Departement de chimie
- Université de Sherbrooke
- Sherbrooke
- Canada
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26
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Wojcik L, Michaud F, Gauthier S, Cabon N, Le Poul P, Gloaguen F, Le Poul N. Reversible Redox Switching of Chromophoric Phenylmethylenepyrans by Carbon-Carbon Bond Making/Breaking. J Org Chem 2017; 82:12395-12405. [PMID: 29058426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Electrochromic organic systems that can undergo substantial variation of their optical properties upon electron stimulus are of high interest for the development of functional materials. In particular, devices based on radical dimerization are appropriate because of the effectiveness and speed of carbon-carbon bond making/breaking. Phenylmethylenepyrans are organic chromophores which are well suited for such purposes since their oxidation leads to the reversible formation of bispyrylium species by radical dimerization. In this paper, we show that the redox and spectroscopic properties of phenylmethylenepyrans can be modulated by adequate variation of the substituting group on the para position of the phenyl moiety, as supported by DFT calculations. This redox switching is reversible over several cycles and is accompanied by a significant modification of the UV-vis spectrum of the chromophore, as shown by time-resolved spectroelectrochemistry in thin-layer conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurianne Wojcik
- Laboratoire CEMCA, CNRS UMR 6521, Université de Bretagne Occidentale , 6 Avenue Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, Brest 29238 Cedex, France
| | - François Michaud
- Service PIMM-DRX, Université de Bretagne Occidentale , 6 Avenue Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, Brest29238 Cedex, France
| | - Sébastien Gauthier
- IUT de Lannion, CNRS UMR 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1 , Rue Edouard Branly, 22300 Lannion, France
| | - Nolwenn Cabon
- IUT de Lannion, CNRS UMR 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1 , Rue Edouard Branly, 22300 Lannion, France
| | - Pascal Le Poul
- IUT de Lannion, CNRS UMR 6226, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1 , Rue Edouard Branly, 22300 Lannion, France
| | - Frederic Gloaguen
- Laboratoire CEMCA, CNRS UMR 6521, Université de Bretagne Occidentale , 6 Avenue Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, Brest 29238 Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Le Poul
- Laboratoire CEMCA, CNRS UMR 6521, Université de Bretagne Occidentale , 6 Avenue Le Gorgeu, CS 93837, Brest 29238 Cedex, France
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27
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Ferreira E, Le Poul P, Cabon N, Caro B, Robin-Le Guen F, Pellegrin Y, Planchat A, Odobel F. New D-π-A-conjugated organic sensitizers based on α-pyranylidene donors for dye-sensitized solar cells. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.01.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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28
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Yang W, Zhao J. Photophysical Properties of Visible-Light-Harvesting PtIIBis(acetylide) Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; E-208 Western Campus, 2 Ling-Gong Road 116024 Dalian China
| | - Jianzhang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; E-208 Western Campus, 2 Ling-Gong Road 116024 Dalian China
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30
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Adamo C, Le Bahers T, Savarese M, Wilbraham L, García G, Fukuda R, Ehara M, Rega N, Ciofini I. Exploring excited states using Time Dependent Density Functional Theory and density-based indexes. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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31
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