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Pošta M, Zima V, Poštová Slavětínská L, Matoušová M, Beier P. Synthesis of sulfur karrikin bioisosteres as potential neuroprotectives. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:549-554. [PMID: 35651698 PMCID: PMC9127252 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The only known sulfur-containing karrikin, 3-methyl-2H-thiopyrano[3,4-b]furan-2-one, has been recently identified as an extremely efficient neuroprotective butenolide. Herein, we report the targeted synthesis of this compound as well as new synthetic protocols toward a class of compounds derived from 2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-ones (karrikins) via bioisosteric exchange of oxygen with sulfur. In particular, we present synthetic procedures toward bioisosteres of karrikins with one or two sulfur heteroatoms incorporated into the core backbone together with evaluation of their biological activity in inhibition of acetylcholinesterase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pošta
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Zima
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Poštová Slavětínská
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Marika Matoušová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Beier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Scrivner O, Dao L, Newell-Rogers MK, Shahandeh B, Meyskens FL, Kozawa SK, Liu-Smith F, Plascencia-Villa G, José-Yacamán M, Jia S, Chang CJ, Farmer PJ. The ionophore thiomaltol induces rapid lysosomal accumulation of copper and apoptosis in melanoma. Metallomics 2022; 14:mfab074. [PMID: 34958363 PMCID: PMC8763036 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfab074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this report, we investigate the toxicity of the ionophore thiomaltol (Htma) and Cu salts to melanoma. Divalent metal complexes of thiomaltol display toxicity against A375 melanoma cell culture resulting in a distinct apoptotic response at submicromolar concentrations, with toxicity of Cu(tma)2 > Zn(tma)2 >> Ni(tma)2. In metal-chelated media, Htma treatment shows little toxicity, but the combination with supplemental CuCl2, termed Cu/Htma treatment, results in toxicity that increases with suprastoichiometric concentrations of CuCl2 and correlates with the accumulation of intracellular copper. Electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy of Cu/Htma treated cells shows a rapid accumulation of copper within lysosomes over the course of hours, concurrent with the onset of apoptosis. A buildup of ubiquitinated proteins due to proteasome inhibition is seen on the same timescale and correlates with increases of copper without additional Htma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottis Scrivner
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Long Dao
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - M Karen Newell-Rogers
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | | | | | - Susan Kurumi Kozawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Feng Liu-Smith
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Germán Plascencia-Villa
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
| | - Miguel José-Yacamán
- Applied Physics and Materials Science Department and MIRA Center, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Shang Jia
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Patrick J Farmer
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
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Han X, Kumar MR, Hoogerbrugge A, Klausmeyer KK, Ghimire MM, Harris LM, Omary MA, Farmer PJ. Mechanistic Investigations of Photoinduced Oxygenation of Ru(II) Bis-bipyridyl Flavonolate Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:2416-2424. [PMID: 29461051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that a Ru-bound flavonolate model of flavonol dioxygenases, [RuII(bpy)2(3-hydroxyfla)][PF6], photochemically reacts with dioxygen in two different manners. Broad-band excitation generates mixtures of products characteristic of 1,3-addition of dioxygen across the central pyrone ring, as is observed in enzymatic reactions. However, low temperature excitation at wavelengths longer than 400 nm generates a unique Ru-bound 2-benzoatophenylglyoxylate product resulting from a 1,2-dioxetane intermediate. Herein, we investigate this reactivity in a series of Ru(II)bis-bipyridyl flavonolate complexes [RuII(bpy)2(3-hydroxyflaR)][PF6] (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; fla = flavonolate; R = p-OMe (1), p-Me (2), p-H (3), p-Cl (4)), and [RuII(bpy)2(5-hydroxyfla)][PF6] (5). The complexes' structures, photophysical and electrochemical properties, and photochemical reactivity with oxygen were investigated in detail. Two different reaction product mixtures, from 1,2- and 1,3-additions of dioxygen, are observed by illumination into distinct excitation/emission manifolds. By analogy to previous reports of excited state intramolecular proton transfer, the two manifolds are attributed to tautomeric diradicals that predict the observed reactivity patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Han
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Baylor University , Waco , Texas 76798 , United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Stephen F. Austin State University , Nacogdoches , Texas 75962 , United States
| | - Murugaeson R Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Baylor University , Waco , Texas 76798 , United States
| | - Amanda Hoogerbrugge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Baylor University , Waco , Texas 76798 , United States
| | - Kevin K Klausmeyer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Baylor University , Waco , Texas 76798 , United States
| | - Mukunda M Ghimire
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Texas , Denton , Texas 76203 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , Lebanon Valley College , Annville , Pennsylvania 17003 , United States
| | - Lauren M Harris
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Texas , Denton , Texas 76203 , United States
| | - Mohammad A Omary
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Texas , Denton , Texas 76203 , United States
| | - Patrick J Farmer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Baylor University , Waco , Texas 76798 , United States
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Maia PJS, de Aguiar I, dos Santos Velloso M, Zhang D, dos Santos ER, de Oliveira JR, Junqueira JC, Selke M, Carlos RM. Singlet oxygen production by a polypyridine ruthenium (II) complex with a perylene monoimide derivative: A strategy for photodynamic inactivation of Candida albicans. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Spiegel MT, Hoogerbrugge A, Truksa S, Smith AG, Shuford KL, Klausmeyer KK, Farmer PJ. Synthesis of first row transition metal selenomaltol complexes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:9030-9037. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01170b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Complexation of selenomaltol to transition metal ions promotes a zwitterionic resonance form.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shamus Truksa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Baylor University
- Waco
- USA
| | - Andrew G. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Baylor University
- Waco
- USA
| | - Kevin L. Shuford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Baylor University
- Waco
- USA
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Characterization of the Initial Intermediate Formed during Photoinduced Oxygenation of the Ruthenium(II) Bis(bipyridyl)flavonolate Complex. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:7320-2. [PMID: 27437831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A ruthenium(II) flavonolate complex, [Ru(II)(bpy)2fla][BF4], was synthesized to model the reactivity of the flavonol dioxygenases. The treatment of dry CH3CN solutions of [Ru(II)(bpy)2fla][BF4] with dioxygen under light leads to the oxidative O-heterocyclic ring opening of the coordinated substrate flavonolate, resulting in the formation of [Ru(II)(bpy)2(carboxylate)][BF4] (carboxylate = O-benzoylsalicylate or benzoate) species, as determined by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Moderation of the excitation and temperature allowed isolation and characterization of an intermediate, [Ru(II)(bpy)2bpg][BF4] (bpg = 2-benzoyloxyphenylglyoxylate), generated by the 1,2-addition of dioxygen to the central flavonolate ring.
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