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Zhu J, Moreno I, Quinn P, Yufit DS, Song L, Young CM, Duan Z, Tyler AR, Waddell PG, Hall MJ, Probert MR, Smith AD, O'Donoghue AC. The Role of the Fused Ring in Bicyclic Triazolium Organocatalysts: Kinetic, X-ray, and DFT Insights. J Org Chem 2022; 87:4241-4253. [PMID: 35230109 PMCID: PMC8938951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c03073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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Bicyclic triazolium
scaffolds are widely employed in N-heterocyclic carbene
(NHC) organocatalysis. While the incorporation
of a fused ring was initially for synthetic utility in accessing chiral,
modular triazolyl scaffolds, recent results highlight the potential
for impact upon reaction outcome with the underpinning origins unclear.
The common first step to all triazolium-catalyzed transformations
is C(3)-H deprotonation to form the triazolylidene NHC. Herein, we
report an analysis of the impact of size of the fused (5-, 6-, and
7-membered, n = 1, 2, and 3, respectively) ring on
the C(3) proton transfer reactions of a series of bicyclic triazolium
salts. Rate constants for the deuteroxide-catalyzed C(3)-H/D-exchange
of triazolium salts, kDO, were significantly
influenced by the size of the adjacent fused ring, with the kinetic
acidity trend, or protofugalities, following the order kDO (n = 1) > kDO (n = 2) ≈ kDO (n = 3). Detailed analyses of X-ray diffraction
(XRD) data for 20 triazolium salts (including 16 new structures) and
of computational data for the corresponding triazolylidene NHCs provide
insight on structural effects of alteration of fused ring size. In
particular, changes in internal triazolyl NCN angle and positioning
of the most proximal CH2 with variation in fused ring size
are proposed to influence the experimental protofugality order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayun Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Inmaculada Moreno
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.,Dpto. de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela s/N, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Peter Quinn
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Dmitry S Yufit
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Lijuan Song
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Claire M Young
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Zhuan Duan
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Andrew R Tyler
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Paul G Waddell
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Michael J Hall
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Michael R Probert
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Andrew D Smith
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K
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Glinyanaya NV, Rayenko GF, Korotkikh NI, Rusanov EB, Ryabitsky AB, Shvaika OP. Halogen-containing heteroaromatic carbenes of the 1,2,4-triazole series and their transformations. RSC Adv 2021; 11:30841-30848. [PMID: 35498946 PMCID: PMC9041323 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04337d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of new stable halogenated carbenes, 1-tert-butyl-3,4-diaryl-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylidenes, has been synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya V. Glinyanaya
- The L. M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine
| | - Gennady F. Rayenko
- The L. M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine
| | - Nikolai I. Korotkikh
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, 02660, Ukraine
| | - Eduard B. Rusanov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, 02660, Ukraine
| | | | - Oles P. Shvaika
- The L. M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine
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3
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Schroeter F, Lerch S, Strassner T. Oxidative and Reductive Cross-Coupling Reactions Catalyzed by an Anionic “Ligandless” Palladium Complex. Org Process Res Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Schroeter
- Physikalische Organische Chemie, TU Dresden, Bergstr. 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Swantje Lerch
- Physikalische Organische Chemie, TU Dresden, Bergstr. 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Strassner
- Physikalische Organische Chemie, TU Dresden, Bergstr. 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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4
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Glinyanaya NV, Korotkikh NI, Cowley AH, Williams O, Jones RA, Lynch VM, Kiselyov AV, Rayenko GF, Derevenets MA, Ryabitsky AB, Palomero OE, Shvaika OP. Sterically Shielded Stable Carbenes and Biscarbenes of the 1,2,4‐Triazole Series: A New Method for the Preparation of 1,3,4‐Triaryl‐1,2,4‐triazol‐5‐ylidenes. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya V. Glinyanaya
- Department of Chemistry of Heterocyclic CompoundsThe L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal ChemistryUkrainian Academy of Sciences, 50 Kharkiv road, Kyiv 02160 Ukraine
| | - Nikolai I. Korotkikh
- Department of Chemistry of Stable CarbenesThe Institute of Organic ChemistryUkrainian Academy of Sciences; 5 Murmanskaya Street, Kyiv-94 02660
| | - Alan H. Cowley
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Texas at Austin 1 University Station A5300, Austin Texas 78712-0165
| | - Owen Williams
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Texas at Austin 1 University Station A5300, Austin Texas 78712-0165
| | - Richard A. Jones
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Texas at Austin 1 University Station A5300, Austin Texas 78712-0165
| | - Vincent M. Lynch
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Texas at Austin 1 University Station A5300, Austin Texas 78712-0165
| | - Artyom V. Kiselyov
- Department of Chemistry of Heterocyclic CompoundsThe L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal ChemistryUkrainian Academy of Sciences, 50 Kharkiv road, Kyiv 02160 Ukraine
| | - Gennady F. Rayenko
- Department of Chemistry of Heterocyclic CompoundsThe L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal ChemistryUkrainian Academy of Sciences, 50 Kharkiv road, Kyiv 02160 Ukraine
| | - Maria A. Derevenets
- Department of Chemistry of Stable CarbenesThe Institute of Organic ChemistryUkrainian Academy of Sciences; 5 Murmanskaya Street, Kyiv-94 02660
| | | | - Orhi Esarte Palomero
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Texas at Austin 1 University Station A5300, Austin Texas 78712-0165
| | - Oles P. Shvaika
- Department of Chemistry of Heterocyclic CompoundsThe L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal ChemistryUkrainian Academy of Sciences, 50 Kharkiv road, Kyiv 02160 Ukraine
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Nguyen VH, Ibrahim MB, Mansour WW, El Ali BM, Huynh HV. Postmodification Approach to Charge-Tagged 1,2,4-Triazole-Derived NHC Palladium(II) Complexes and Their Applications. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Van Ha Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Mansur B. Ibrahim
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waseem W. Mansour
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassam M. El Ali
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Han Vinh Huynh
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
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Saberov VS, Evans DA, Korotkikh NI, Cowley AH, Pekhtereva TM, Popov AF, Shvaika OP. Exceptionally efficient catalytic hydrodechlorination of persistent organic pollutants: application of new sterically shielded palladium carbene complexes. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:18117-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02908a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Exceptionally efficient catalysis of haloarene hydrodehalogenation by palladium carbene complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vagiz Sh. Saberov
- The L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry
- Ukrainian Academy of Sciences
- Donetsk, Ukraine
| | - Daniel A. Evans
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Texas at Austin
- Austin, USA
| | - Nikolai I. Korotkikh
- The L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry
- Ukrainian Academy of Sciences
- Donetsk, Ukraine
| | - Alan H. Cowley
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Texas at Austin
- Austin, USA
| | - Tatyana M. Pekhtereva
- The L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry
- Ukrainian Academy of Sciences
- Donetsk, Ukraine
| | - Anatolii F. Popov
- The L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry
- Ukrainian Academy of Sciences
- Donetsk, Ukraine
| | - Oles P. Shvaika
- The L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry
- Ukrainian Academy of Sciences
- Donetsk, Ukraine
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