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Liu N, Kong Y, Cao X, Yue L, Wang Z, Li X. Both nanoplastic and iron mineral types determine their heteroaggregation: Aggregation kinetics and interface process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134192. [PMID: 38569346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) inevitably interact with iron minerals (IMs) after being released into aquatic environments, changing their transport and fate. In this study, batch heteroaggregation kinetics of four types of NPs, i.e., polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene (PS-Bare), amino-polystyrene (PS-NH2), and carboxyl-polystyrene (PS-COOH), with two different IMs (hematite and magnetite) were conducted. We found that the heteroaggregation of NPs and IMs and the associated interfacial interaction mechanisms are both NPs-dependent and IMs-dependent. Specifically, the NPs had stronger heteroaggregation with hematite than magnetite; the heteroaggregation order of two IMs with NPs was PMMA > PS-NH2 > PS-Bare > PS-COOH. Moreover, hydrogen bond, complexation, hydrophobic, cation-π, and electrostatic interaction were involved in the interfacial reaction between NPs and hematite, and electrons were transferred from the NPs to the hematite, causing the reduction of Fe3+ into Fe2+. Furthermore, we first revealed that both pre-homoaggregation of NPs and IMs could affect their subsequent heteroaggregation, and the homoaggregates of IMs could be interrupted by PMMA or PS-COOH NPs introduction. Therefore, the emerging NPs pollution is likely to generate an ecological effect in terms of elemental cycles such as iron cycle. This work provides new insights into assessing the environmental transfer and ecological effects of NPs in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yu Kong
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xuesong Cao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Le Yue
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xiaona Li
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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2
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Laws K, Buckingham MA, Aldous L. Self-assembled monolayers for electrostatic electrocatalysis and enhanced electrode stability in thermogalvanic cells. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6958-6964. [PMID: 38725507 PMCID: PMC11077577 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06766a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Waste heat is ubiquitous; as such, sustainable and long-lasting devices are required to convert it into more useful forms of energy that can make use of this abundant potential resource. Thermogalvanic cells (or thermocells) can use the thermoelectrochemical properties of redox couples to achieve this; entropy-driven redox reactions allow them to act as liquid thermoelectrics. However, excellent electrocatalysis at the electrode surface is required for optimum conversion efficiency. Serendipitous observation of Nafion-based electrocatalysis prompted the exploration of electrostatically charged self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) inside a thermocell. Both electrostatic electrocatalysis and improved electrode stability were observed; in an aqueous K3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6]-based cell, modification with (3-trimethylammonium bromide)thiopropane resulted in higher electrical power, and protection against [Fe(CN)6]3-/4--induced gold passivation, relative to bare gold. Molecular-based electrostatic electrocatalysis could be an alternative to precious metal-based nanomaterial electrocatalysis, and could be integrated with (nano)carbon-based electrodes to further enhance the ability of thermogalvanic and other electrochemical energy conversion devices, e.g. redox flow batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Laws
- Department of Chemistry, Britannia House, King's College London London SE1 1DB UK
| | - Mark A Buckingham
- Department of Chemistry, Britannia House, King's College London London SE1 1DB UK
| | - Leigh Aldous
- Department of Chemistry, Britannia House, King's College London London SE1 1DB UK
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3
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Yu D, Zhu P, Hu C, Huang X, Tang K, Wang J. Electrosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide Enabled by Exceptional Molecular Ni Sites in a Graphene-Supported Nickel Organic Framework. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:10959-10966. [PMID: 38038243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from 2e- transfer of the oxygen reduction reaction (2e--ORR) is a potential alternative to the traditional anthraquinone process. Two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) supported by carbon are frequently reported as promising 2e--ORR catalysts. Herein, a graphene-supported 2D MOF of Ni3(2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydrotriphenylene)2 is synthesized through a common hydrothermal method, which exhibits high 2e--ORR performance. It is discovered that except for emerging MOFs, exceptional molecularly dispersed Ni sites coexist in the synthesis that have the same coordination sphere of the NiO4C4 moiety as the MOF. The molecular Ni sites are more catalytically active. The graphene support contains a suitable amount of residual oxygen groups, leading to the generation of those molecularly dispersed Ni sites. The oxygen groups exhibit a moderate electron-withdrawing effect at the outer sphere of Ni sites to slightly increase their oxidation state. This interaction decreases overpotentials and kinetically improves the selectivity of the 2e- reaction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxue Yu
- Innovation Center for Chemical Science, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chunfeng Hu
- Innovation Center for Chemical Science, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kangjian Tang
- Innovation Center for Chemical Science, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jiong Wang
- Innovation Center for Chemical Science, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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4
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Zhang Y, Selvarajan V, Shi K, Kim CJ. Fabrication and characterization of glucose-oxidase-trehalase electrode based on nanomaterial-coated carbon paper. RSC Adv 2023; 13:33918-33928. [PMID: 38020009 PMCID: PMC10658183 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01554h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Multienzyme systems are essential for utilizing di-, oligo-, and polysaccharides as fuels in enzymatic fuel cells effectively. However, the transfer of electrons generated by one enzymatic reaction in a multienzyme cascade at the electrode may be impeded by other enzymes, potentially hindering the overall efficiency. In this study, carbon paper was first modified by incorporating single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) sequentially. Subsequently, glucose oxidase (GOx) and a trehalase-gelatin mixture were immobilized separately on the nanostructured carbon paper via layer-by-layer adsorption to mitigate the electron transfer hindrance caused by trehalase. The anode was first fabricated by immobilizing GOx and trehalase on the modified carbon paper, and the cathode was then fabricated by immobilizing bilirubin oxidase on the nanostructured electrode. The SWCNTs and AuNPs were distributed adequately on the electrode surface, which improved the electrode performance, as demonstrated by electrochemical and morphological analyses. An enzymatic fuel cell was assembled and tested using trehalose as the fuel, and a maximum power density of 23 μW cm-2 was obtained at a discharge current density of 60 μA cm-2. The anode exhibited remarkable reusability and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and RIGET, Gyeongsang National University Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Varshini Selvarajan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and RIGET, Gyeongsang National University Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Ke Shi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and RIGET, Gyeongsang National University Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Joon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and RIGET, Gyeongsang National University Jinju Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University 501, Jinju-daero Jinju Gyeongnam 52828 Republic of Korea
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5
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Radhika R, Shankar R. Theoretical aspects of the adsorption of normal and modified base pairs of DNA on graphene models toward DNA sequencing. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37909477 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2274969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
A theoretical understanding of the adsorption of DNA base pairs (GC, AT, CAF-T and CAF-C) on the graphene models (Gr, SiGr and SiGr-COOH) is investigated. Among the complexes, SiGr-COOH_AT is found to have the highest adsorption energies of -202.83 kcal/mol. The strong adsorption between DNA base pairs and the SiGr-COOH model leads to concomitant charge transfer responsible for the stability of the corresponding models and is verified with NBO analysis. AIM analysis discloses the high orbital overlap that signifies the strong interaction. Closed-shell interactions are observed through the positive values of total electron density, and it is also observed that Si-O(N) interaction has both covalent and electrostatic characteristics. This is the first theoretical attempt to investigate the adsorption of DNA base pairs on SiGr-COOH, which is more favourable than other models and may call for further experimental studies, which is crucial in developing new bio-sensors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Radhika
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - R Shankar
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
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6
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Fontana-Escartín A, El Hauadi K, Lanzalaco S, Pérez-Madrigal MM, Armelin E, Turon P, Alemán C. Preparation and Characterization of Functionalized Surgical Meshes for Early Detection of Bacterial Infections. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1104-1115. [PMID: 36693280 PMCID: PMC10889595 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Isotactic polypropylene (i-PP) nonabsorbable surgical meshes are modified by incorporating a conducting polymer (CP) layer to detect the adhesion and growth of bacteria by sensing the oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), a metabolite produced by the respiration reactions of such microorganisms, to NAD+. A three-step process is used for such incorporation: (1) treat pristine meshes with low-pressure O2 plasma; (2) functionalize the surface with CP nanoparticles; and (3) coat with a homogeneous layer of electropolymerized CP using the nanoparticles introduced in (2) as polymerization nuclei. The modified meshes are stable and easy to handle and also show good electrochemical response. The detection by cyclic voltammetry of NADH within the interval of concentrations reported for bacterial cultures is demonstrated for the two modified meshes. Furthermore, Staphylococcus aureus and both biofilm-positive (B+) and biofilm-negative (B-) Escherichia coli cultures are used to prove real-time monitoring of NADH coming from aerobic respiration reactions. The proposed strategy, which offers a simple and innovative process for incorporating a sensor for the electrochemical detection of bacteria metabolism to currently existing surgical meshes, holds considerable promise for the future development of a new generation of smart biomedical devices to fight against post-operative bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Fontana-Escartín
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karima El Hauadi
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Lanzalaco
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria M Pérez-Madrigal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elaine Armelin
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Turon
- B. Braun Surgical, S.A.U., Carretera de Terrassa 121, 08191Rubí (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Kim J, Park S, Yang H. Wash-free photoelectrochemical DNA detection based on photoredox catalysis combined with electroreduction and light blocking by magnetic microparticles. Talanta 2023; 253:123872. [PMID: 36113336 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To obtain a sensitive, wash-free photoelectrochemical biosensor based on electron mediation between an electrode and a photoredox catalyst (PC) label, unavoidable O2-related reactions should have no effect or be beneficial, and the rate of electron mediation should depend on the distance between the PC label and electrode. A wash-free photoelectrochemical biosensor that (i) combines photoredox catalysis of a PC label with electrochemical reduction of an electron mediator, and (ii) uses a light-blocking multilayer of magnetic microparticles was developed. O2 participates as an electron acceptor in photoredox catalysis; thus, increasing rather than decreasing the electrochemical signal. Upon photoirradiation from the opposite side of a transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode in contact with the solution, the light intensity in the solution is sharply decreased by the light-blocking multilayer, which increases the contribution of affinity-bound PC labels on the ITO electrode to the electrochemical signal compared to that of unbound PC labels in solution. Utilizing eosin Y (EY2-) and Fe(CN)64- as the PC and electron mediator (i.e., electron donor), respectively, enabled rapid redox cycling based on photoredox catalysis combined with electroreduction. The cathodic charge is mainly related to electron transfer from Fe(CN)64- to excited EY2- (Type I photosensitization), rather than energy transfer from excited EY2- to O2, which generates 1O2 (Type II photosensitization). The developed detection scheme was applied to wash-free detection of a model target DNA. Detection limits of ∼200 pM were obtained in both phosphate-buffered saline and serum without washing. The developed scheme enables simple photoelectrochemical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonhwa Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Haesik Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Salverda M, Thiruppathi AR, Pakravan F, Wood PC, Chen A. Electrochemical Exfoliation of Graphite to Graphene-Based Nanomaterials. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248643. [PMID: 36557776 PMCID: PMC9783006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report on a new automated electrochemical process for the production of graphene oxide (GO) from graphite though electrochemical exfoliation. The effects of the electrolyte and applied voltage were investigated and optimized. The morphology, structure and composition of the electrochemically exfoliated GO (EGO) were probed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), FTIR spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Important metrics such as the oxygen content (25.3 at.%), defect density (ID/IG = 0.85) and number of layers of the formed EGO were determined. The EGO was also compared with the GO prepared using the traditional chemical method, demonstrating the effectiveness of the automated electrochemical process. The electrochemical properties of the EGO, CGO and other carbon-based materials were further investigated and compared. The automated electrochemical exfoliation of natural graphite powder demonstrated in the present study does not require any binders; it is facile, cost-effective and easy to scale up for a large-scale production of graphene-based nanomaterials for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Salverda
- Electrochemical Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Antony Raj Thiruppathi
- Electrochemical Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Farnood Pakravan
- Electrochemical Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Peter C. Wood
- Zentek Ltd., 24 Corporate Court, Guelph, ON N1G 5G5, Canada
| | - Aicheng Chen
- Electrochemical Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
- Correspondence:
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9
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Bansal R, Verduzco R, Wong MS, Westerhoff P, Garcia-Segura S. Development of nano boron-doped diamond electrodes for environmental applications. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Yan X, Jansen CU, Diao F, Qvortrup K, Tanner D, Ulstrup J, Xiao X. Surface-confined redox-active monolayers of a multifunctional anthraquinone derivative on nanoporous and single-crystal gold electrodes. Electrochem commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2021.106962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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11
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Choi H, Kim MC, Park Y, Lee S, Ahn W, Hong J, Inn Sohn J, Jang AR, Lee YW. Electrochemically active hydroquinone-based redox mediator for flexible energy storage system with improved charge storing ability. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 588:62-69. [PMID: 33388587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemically active redox mediators have been widely investigated in energy conversion/storage system to improve overall catalytic activities and energy storing ability by inducing favorable surface redox reactions. However, the enhancement of electrochemical activity from the utilization of redox mediators (RMs) is only confirmed through theoretical computation and laboratory-scale experiment. The use of RMs for practical, wearable, and flexible applications has been scarcely researched. Herein, for the first time, a wearable fiber-based flexible energy storage system (f-FESS) with hydroquinone (HQ) composites as a catalytically active RM is introduced to demonstrate its energy-storing roles. The as-prepared f-FESS-HQ shows the superior electrochemical performance, such as the improved energy storage ability (211.16 F L-1 and 29.3 mWh L-1) and long-term cyclability with a capacitance retention of 95.1% over 5000 cycles. Furthermore, the f-FESS-HQ can well maintain its original electrochemical properties under harsh mechanical stress (bending, knotting, and weaving conditions) as well as humid conditions in water and detergent solutions. Thus, the strategical use of electrochemically active RMs can provide the advanced solution for future wearable energy storage system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonggeun Choi
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Chungcheongnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Cheol Kim
- Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonsu Park
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Chungcheongnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Suok Lee
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Chungcheongnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Wook Ahn
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Chungcheongnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - John Hong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Inn Sohn
- Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Rang Jang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Semyung University, Chungcheongbuk-do 27136, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Woo Lee
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Chungcheongnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea.
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Peña NO, Ihiawakrim D, Ball V, Stanescu S, Rastei M, Sanchez C, Portehault D, Ersen O. Correlative Microscopy Insight on Electrodeposited Ultrathin Graphite Oxide Films. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:9117-9122. [PMID: 33147972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Here, we present a correlative microscopic analysis of electrodeposited films from catechol solutions in aqueous electrolytes. The films were prepared in a miniaturized electrochemical cell and were analyzed by identical location transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Thanks to this combined approach, we have shown that the electrodeposited films are constituted of ultrathin graphite oxide nanosheets. Detailed information about the electronic structure of the films was obtained by X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy. These results show the large potential of soft electrochemical conditions for the bottom-up production of ultrathin graphite oxide nanosheet films via a one-pot green chemistry approach from simple organic building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaly Ortiz Peña
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, BP 43 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Dris Ihiawakrim
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, BP 43 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Vincent Ball
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité mixte de Recherche 1121, 11 rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Stefan Stanescu
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, Gif-sur-Yvette 91192, France
| | - Mircea Rastei
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, BP 43 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Clément Sanchez
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 4 Place de Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Studies (USIAS), 5 allée du Général Rouvillois, 67083 Strasbourg, France
| | - David Portehault
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 4 Place de Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ovidiu Ersen
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, BP 43 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
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13
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Pandhi T, Cornwell C, Fujimoto K, Barnes P, Cox J, Xiong H, Davis PH, Subbaraman H, Koehne JE, Estrada D. Fully inkjet-printed multilayered graphene-based flexible electrodes for repeatable electrochemical response. RSC Adv 2020; 10:38205-38219. [PMID: 35517530 PMCID: PMC9057201 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04786d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene has proven to be useful in biosensing applications. However, one of the main hurdles with printed graphene-based electrodes is achieving repeatable electrochemical performance from one printed electrode to another. We have developed a consistent fabrication process to control the sheet resistance of inkjet-printed graphene electrodes, thereby accomplishing repeatable electrochemical performance. Herein, we investigated the electrochemical properties of multilayered graphene (MLG) electrodes fully inkjet-printed (IJP) on flexible Kapton substrates. The electrodes were fabricated by inkjet printing three materials – (1) a conductive silver ink for electrical contact, (2) an insulating dielectric ink, and (3) MLG ink as the sensing material. The selected materials and fabrication methods provided great control over the ink rheology and material deposition, which enabled stable and repeatable electrochemical response: bending tests revealed the electrochemical behavior of these sensors remained consistent over 1000 bend cycles. Due to the abundance of structural defects (e.g., edge defects) present in the exfoliated graphene platelets, cyclic voltammetry (CV) of the graphene electrodes showed good electron transfer (k = 1.125 × 10−2 cm s−1) with a detection limit (0.01 mM) for the ferric/ferrocyanide redox couple, [Fe(CN)6]−3/−4, which is comparable or superior to modified graphene or graphene oxide-based sensors. Additionally, the potentiometric response of the electrodes displayed good sensitivity over the pH range of 4–10. Moreover, a fully IJP three-electrode device (MLG, platinum, and Ag/AgCl) also showed quasi-reversibility compared to a single IJP MLG electrode device. These findings demonstrate significant promise for scalable fabrication of a flexible, low cost, and fully-IJP wearable sensor system needed for space, military, and commercial biosensing applications. A fully inkjet printed and flexible multilayer graphene based three electrode device showed electrochemical reversibility.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Twinkle Pandhi
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University Boise ID 83725-2090 USA
| | - Casey Cornwell
- Department of Chemistry, Northwest Nazarene University Nampa ID 83686 USA
| | - Kiyo Fujimoto
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University Boise ID 83725-2090 USA
| | - Pete Barnes
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University Boise ID 83725-2090 USA
| | - Jasmine Cox
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boise State University Boise ID 83725-2075 USA
| | - Hui Xiong
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University Boise ID 83725-2090 USA
| | - Paul H Davis
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University Boise ID 83725-2090 USA
| | - Harish Subbaraman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boise State University Boise ID 83725-2075 USA
| | | | - David Estrada
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University Boise ID 83725-2090 USA .,Center for Advanced Energy Studies, Boise State University Boise ID 83725-1012 USA
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14
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Nisha S, Senthil Kumar A. π-Self-Assembly of a Coronene on Carbon Nanomaterial-Modified Electrode and Its Symmetrical Redox and H 2O 2 Electrocatalytic Reduction Functionalities. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:11817-11828. [PMID: 32478273 PMCID: PMC7254800 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The structure-electroactivity relationship of graphene has been studied using coronene (Cor), polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), and a subunit of graphene as a model system by chemically modified electrode approach. In general, graphene and PAH do not show any redox activity in their native form. Herein, we report a simple electrochemical approach for the conversion of electro-inactive coronene to a highly redox-active molecule (Cor-Redox; E°' = 0.235 ± 0.005 V vs Ag/AgCl) after being adsorbed on graphitic carbon nanomaterial and preconditioned at an applied potential, 1.2 V vs Ag/AgCl, wherein, the water molecule oxidizes to dioxygen via hydroxyl radical (•OH) intermediate, in acidic solution (pH 2 KCl-HCl). When the same coronene electrochemical experiment was carried out on an unmodified glassy carbon electrode, there was no sign of faradic signal, revealing the unique electrochemical behavior of the coronene molecule on graphitic nanomaterial. The Cor-Redox peak is found to be highly symmetrical (peak-to-peak potential separation of ∼0 V tested by cyclic voltammetry (CV)) and surface-confined (ΓCor-Redox = 10.1 × 10-9 mol cm-2) and has proton-coupled electron-transfer (∂E°'/∂pH = -56 mV pH-1) character. Initially, it was speculated that Cor is converted to a hydroxy group-functionalized Cor molecule (dihydroxy benzene derivative) on the graphitic surface and showed the electrochemical redox activity. However, physicochemical characterization studies including Raman, IR, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), redox-site selective oxidation probe, cysteine (for dihydroxy benzene), radical scavenger ((2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl, TEMPO), and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) using ferricyanide redox couple have revealed that coronene cationic radical species like electroactive molecule is formed on graphitic material upon the electrochemical oxidation reaction at a high anodic potential. It has been proposed that •OH generated as an intermediate species from the water oxidation reaction is involved in the coronene cationic radical species. Studies on coronene electrochemical reaction at various carbon nanomaterials like multiwalled carbon, single-walled carbon, graphite, graphene oxide, and carbon nanofiber revealed that graphitic structure (without any oxygen functional groups) and its π-π bonding are key factors for the success of the electrochemical reaction. The coronene molecular redox peak showed an unusual electrocatalytic reduction of hydrogen peroxide similar to the peroxidase enzyme-biocatalyzed reduction reaction in physiological solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakumar Nisha
- Nano
and Bioelectrochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry,
School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Annamalai Senthil Kumar
- Nano
and Bioelectrochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry,
School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
- Carbon
Dioxide Research and Green Technology Centre, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
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15
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Ham K, Shin D, Lee J. The Role of Lone-Pair Electrons in Pt-N Interactions for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Polymer Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:1751-1758. [PMID: 31925933 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An N-doped carbon with various N concentrations was prepared by using a scalable ball-milling method. The importance of the lone pair of electrons on the N species for the stability of Pt nanoparticles and their activity toward the oxygen reduction reaction was investigated. X-ray spectroscopic analysis was used to investigate the interaction between Pt and the pyridinic N. The pyridinic N modified the Pt oxidation state and helped achieve size homogeneity and high catalytic activity by facilitating the rate-determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahyun Ham
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-Ro, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - Dongyoon Shin
- Heterogeneous Reactions, Max-Planck Institute für Chemische Energiekonversion, 34-36 Stiftstrasse, Mülheim an der Ruhr, 45470, Germany
| | - Jaeyoung Lee
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-Ro, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
- Ertl Center for Electrochemistry and Catalysis, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-Ro, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
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16
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Wehrhold M, Neubert TJ, Yadav A, Vondráček M, Iost RM, Honolka J, Balasubramanian K. pH sensitivity of interfacial electron transfer at a supported graphene monolayer. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:14742-14756. [PMID: 31348480 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05049c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical devices based on a single graphene monolayer are often realized on a solid support such as silicon oxide, glassy carbon or a metal film. Here, we show that, with graphene on insulating substrates, the kinetics of the electron transfer at graphene with various redox active molecules is dictated by solution pH for electrode reactions that are not proton dependent. We attribute the origin of this unusual phenomenon mainly to electrostatic effects between dissolved/dissociated redox species and the interfacial charge due to trace amounts of ionizable groups at the supported graphene-liquid interface. Cationic redox species show higher electron transfer rates at basic pH, while anionic species undergo faster electron transfer at acidic pH. Although this behavior is observed on graphene on three different insulating substrates, the strength of this effect appears to differ depending on the surface charge density of the underlying substrate. This finding has important implications for the design of electrochemical sensors and electrocatalysts based on graphene monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Wehrhold
- School of Analytical Sciences Adlershof (SALSA), IRIS Adlershof & Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
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17
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Construction of Multiple Switchable Sensors and Logic Gates Based on Carboxylated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/Poly( N, N-Diethylacrylamide). SENSORS 2018; 18:s18103358. [PMID: 30297654 PMCID: PMC6211007 DOI: 10.3390/s18103358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this work, binary hydrogel films based on carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes/poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) (c-MWCNTs/PDEA) were successfully polymerized and assembled on a glassy carbon (GC) electrode surface. The electroactive drug probes matrine and sophoridine in solution showed reversible thermal-, salt-, methanol- and pH-responsive switchable cyclic voltammetric (CV) behaviors at the film electrodes. The control experiments showed that the pH-responsive property of the system could be ascribed to the drug components of the solutions, whereas the thermal-, salt- and methanol-sensitive behaviors were attributed to the PDEA constituent of the films. The CV signals particularly, of matrine and sophoridine were significantly amplified by the electrocatalysis of c-MWCNTs in the films at 1.02 V and 0.91 V, respectively. Moreover, the addition of esterase, urease, ethyl butyrate, and urea to the solution also changed the pH of the system, and produced similar CV peaks as with dilution by HCl or NaOH. Based on these experiments, a 6-input/5-output logic gate system and 2-to-1 encoder were successfully constructed. The present system may lead to the development of novel types of molecular computing systems.
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18
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Ravenhill ER, Adobes-Vidal M, Unwin PR. Calcium carbonate crystallisation at charged graphite surfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:12552-12555. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc07441g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
For identical solution conditions, the crystallisation of calcium carbonate (polymorph and crystal orientation) at Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite substrates is highly dependent on substrate surface charge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - P. R. Unwin
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
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19
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Lounasvuori MM, Holt KB. Acid deprotonation driven by cation migration at biased graphene nanoflake electrodes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:2351-2354. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09418j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Deprotonation of acids at an electrode interface is driven by cation migration in response to the applied potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K. B. Holt
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- 20
- London
- UK
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20
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Kannan PK, Hu C, Morgan H, Moshkalev SA, Rout CS. Electrochemical sensing of bisphenol using a multilayer graphene nanobelt modified photolithography patterned platinum electrode. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:375504. [PMID: 27504686 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/37/375504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemical sensor has been developed for the detection of Bisphenol-A (BPA) using photolithographically patterned platinum electrodes modified with multilayer graphene nanobelts (GNB). Compared to bare electrodes, the GNB modified electrode exhibited enhanced BPA oxidation current, due to the high effective surface area and high adsorption capacity of the GNB. The sensor showed a linear response over the concentration range from 0.5 μM-9 μM with a very low limit of detection = 37.33 nM. In addition, the sensor showed very good stability and reproducibility with good specificity, demonstrating that GNB is potentially a new material for the development of a practical BPA electrochemical sensor with application in both industrial and plastic industries.
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21
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Lounasvuori MM, Rosillo-Lopez M, Salzmann CG, Caruana DJ, Holt KB. The influence of acidic edge groups on the electrochemical performance of graphene nanoflakes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Brownson DAC, Kelly PJ, Banks CE. In situ electrochemical characterisation of graphene and various carbon-based electrode materials: an internal standard approach. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra03049h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An internal standard protocol is utilised to simultaneously characterise and utilise carbon-based electrode materials during their implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale A. C. Brownson
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- School of Science and the Environment
- Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Manchester Metropolitan University
- Manchester M1 5GD
| | - Peter J. Kelly
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- School of Science and the Environment
- Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Manchester Metropolitan University
- Manchester M1 5GD
| | - Craig E. Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- School of Science and the Environment
- Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Manchester Metropolitan University
- Manchester M1 5GD
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23
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Dyatkin B, Ash PA, Sharma S. Highlights from Faraday Discussion 172: Carbon in Electrochemistry, Sheffield, UK, July 2014. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:2199-207. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc90483d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Dyatkin
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and the Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Drexel University
- Philadelphia
- USA
| | - Philip A. Ash
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Surbhi Sharma
- Centre for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of Birmingham
- UK
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24
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Abstract
This contribution provides a personal overview and summary of Faraday Discussion 172 on “Carbon in Electrochemistry”, covering some of the key points made at the meeting within the broader context of other recent developments on carbon materials for electrochemical applications. Although carbon electrodes have a long history of use in electrochemistry, methods and techniques are only just becoming available that can test long-established models and identify key features for further exploration. This Discussion has highlighted the need for a better understanding of the impact of surface structure, defects, local density of electronic states, and surface functionality and contamination, in order to advance fundamental knowledge of various electrochemical processes and phenomena at carbon electrodes. These developments cut across important materials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, conducting diamond and high surface area carbon materials. With more detailed pictures of structural and electronic controls of electrochemistry at carbon electrodes (and electrodes generally), will come rational advances in various technological applications, from sensors to energy technology (particularly batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells), that have been well-illustrated at this Discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick R. Unwin
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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