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Bisdemethoxycurcumin Protects Small Intestine from Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction via Activating Mitochondrial Antioxidant Systems and Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Broiler Chickens. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9927864. [PMID: 34795844 PMCID: PMC8595021 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9927864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bisdemethoxycurcumin is one of the three curcuminoids of turmeric and exhibits good antioxidant activity in animal models. This study is aimed at investigating the effect of bisdemethoxycurcumin on small intestinal mitochondrial dysfunction in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated broilers, especially on the mitochondrial thioredoxin 2 system and mitochondrial biogenesis. A total of 320 broiler chickens were randomly assigned into four experimental diets using a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with diet (0 and 150 mg/kg bisdemethoxycurcumin supplementation) and stress (saline or LPS challenge) for 20 days. Broilers received a dose of LPS (1 mg/kg body weight) or sterile saline intraperitoneally on days 16, 18, and 20 of the trial. Bisdemethoxycurcumin mitigated the mitochondrial dysfunction of jejunum and ileum induced by LPS, as evident by the reduced reactive oxygen species levels and the increased mitochondrial membrane potential. Bisdemethoxycurcumin partially reversed the decrease in the mitochondrial DNA copy number and the depletion of ATP levels. Bisdemethoxycurcumin activated the mitochondrial antioxidant response, including the prevention of lipid peroxidation, enhancement of manganese superoxide dismutase activity, and the upregulation of the mitochondrial glutaredoxin 5 and thioredoxin 2 system. The enhanced mitochondrial respiratory complex activities in jejunum and ileum were also attributed to bisdemethoxycurcumin treatment. In addition, bisdemethoxycurcumin induced mitochondrial biogenesis via transcriptional regulation of proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha pathway. In conclusion, our results demonstrated the potential of bisdemethoxycurcumin to attenuate small intestinal mitochondrial dysfunction, which might be mediated via activating the mitochondrial antioxidant system and mitochondrial biogenesis in LPS-treated broilers.
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Yue L, Ren Y, Yue Q, Ding Z, Wang K, Zheng T, Chen G, Chen X, Li M, Fan L. α-Lipoic Acid Targeting PDK1/NRF2 Axis Contributes to the Apoptosis Effect of Lung Cancer Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6633419. [PMID: 34211631 PMCID: PMC8211503 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6633419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
As an antioxidant, α-lipoic acid (LA) has attracted much attention to cancer research. However, the exact mechanism of LA in cancer progression control and prevention remains to be unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that α-lipoic acid has inhibitory effects on the proliferation, migration, and proapoptotic effects of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines A549 and PC9. LA-induced NSCLC cell apoptosis was mediated by elevated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). Further study confirmed that it is by downregulating the expression of PDK1 (the PDH kinase), resulted in less phospho-PDH phenotype which could interact with Keap1, the negative controller of NRF2, directly leading to NRF2 decrease. Thus, by downregulating the NRF2 antioxidant system, LA plays a role in promoting apoptosis through the ROS signaling pathway. Moreover, LA could enhance other PDK inhibitors with the proapoptosis effect. In summary, our study shows that LA promotes apoptosis and exerts its antitumor activity against lung cancer by regulating mitochondrial energy metabolism enzyme-related antioxidative stress system. Administration of LA to the tumor-bearing animal model further supported the antitumor effect of LA. These findings provided new ideas for the clinical application of LA in the field of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liduo Yue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| | - Yanbei Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| | - Qingxi Yue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 201999 Shanghai, China
| | - Zhou Ding
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| | - Tiansheng Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| | - Guojie Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyun Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| | - Lihong Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
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Dietary nutrients and their control of the redox bioenergetic networks as therapeutics in redox dysfunctions sustained pathologies. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105709. [PMID: 34089868 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Electrons exchange amongst the chemical species in an organism is a pivotal concomitant activity carried out by individual cells for basic cellular processes and continuously contribute towards the maintenance of bioenergetic networks plus physiological attributes like cell growth, phenotypic differences and nutritional adaptations. Humans exchange matter and energy via complex connections of metabolic pathways (redox reactions) amongst cells being a thermodynamically open system. Usually, these reactions are the real lifeline and driving forces of health and disease in the living entity. Many shreds of evidence support the secondary role of reactive species in the cellular process of control apoptosis and proliferation. Disrupted redox mechanisms are seen in malaises, like degenerative and metabolic disorders, cancerous cells. This review targets the importance of redox reactions in the body's normal functioning and the effects of its alterations in cells to obtain a better understanding. Understanding the redox dynamics in a pathological state can provide an opportunity for cure or diagnosis at the earlier stage and serve as an essential biomarker to predict in advance to give personalized therapy. Understanding redox metabolism can also highlight the use of naturally available antioxidant in the form of diet.
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Baki AM, Aydın AF, Vural P, Olgaç V, Doğru Abbasoğlu S, Uysal M. α-Lipoic Acid Ameliorates The Changes in Prooxidant-Antioxidant Balance in Liver and Brain Tissues of Propylthiouracil-Induced Hypothyroid Rats. CELL JOURNAL 2020; 22:117-124. [PMID: 32779441 PMCID: PMC7481904 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.7049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective There are controversial data about the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in hypothyroidism. We aimed to
investigate the effect of α-lipoic acid (ALA) on oxidative stress parameters in the liver and brain of propylthiouracil
(PTU)-induced hypothyroid rats.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, PTU (500 mg/L) was given to rats in drinking water for 10 weeks.
ALA (0.2% in diet) alone and together with thyroxine (T4, 20 µg/kg body weight, s.c) were given to hypothyroid rats in
the last 5 weeks of the experimental period. The levels of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl,
ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and glutathione (GSH) levels, superoxide dismutase, and GSH peroxidase
activities were determined in the liver and brain of rats. Histopathological examinations were also performed.
Results Prooxidant parameters were increased in the brain but not liver in hypothyroid rats. ALA treatment alone
lowered enhanced brain oxidative stress in hypothyroid rats. Also, ALA was found to ameliorate the changes as a result
of oxidative stress arising from T4 replacement therapy.
Conclusion Our results indicate that ALA alone and together with T4 may be useful in reducing oxidative stress in
thyroid dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adile Merve Baki
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahman Fatih Aydın
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pervin Vural
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic Address:
| | - Vakur Olgaç
- Institute of Oncology, Department of Pathology, Istanbul University, Istanbul,Turkey
| | - Semra Doğru Abbasoğlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Müjdat Uysal
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Vico TA, Marchini T, Ginart S, Lorenzetti MA, Adán Areán JS, Calabró V, Garcés M, Ferrero MC, Mazo T, D’Annunzio V, Gelpi RJ, Corach D, Evelson P, Vanasco V, Alvarez S. Mitochondrial bioenergetics links inflammation and cardiac contractility in endotoxemia. Basic Res Cardiol 2019; 114:38. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-019-0745-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Baki AM, Aydın AF, Vural P, Soluk-Tekkeşin M, Doğru-Abbasoğlu S, Uysal M. Effects of α-lipoic acid on oxidative stress parameters in experimental hyperthyroidism. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.25000/acem.455516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Morales-Alamo D, Guerra B, Santana A, Martin-Rincon M, Gelabert-Rebato M, Dorado C, Calbet JAL. Skeletal Muscle Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Phosphorylation and Lactate Accumulation During Sprint Exercise in Normoxia and Severe Acute Hypoxia: Effects of Antioxidants. Front Physiol 2018; 9:188. [PMID: 29615918 PMCID: PMC5867337 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to normoxia, during sprint exercise in severe acute hypoxia the glycolytic rate is increased leading to greater lactate accumulation, acidification, and oxidative stress. To determine the role played by pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activation and reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RNOS) in muscle lactate accumulation, nine volunteers performed a single 30-s sprint (Wingate test) on four occasions: two after the ingestion of placebo and another two following the intake of antioxidants, while breathing either hypoxic gas (PIO2 = 75 mmHg) or room air (PIO2 = 143 mmHg). Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained before, immediately after, 30 and 120 min post-sprint. Antioxidants reduced the glycolytic rate without altering performance or VO2. Immediately after the sprints, Ser293- and Ser300-PDH-E1α phosphorylations were reduced to similar levels in all conditions (~66 and 91%, respectively). However, 30 min into recovery Ser293-PDH-E1α phosphorylation reached pre-exercise values while Ser300-PDH-E1α was still reduced by 44%. Thirty minutes after the sprint Ser293-PDH-E1α phosphorylation was greater with antioxidants, resulting in 74% higher muscle lactate concentration. Changes in Ser293 and Ser300-PDH-E1α phosphorylation from pre to immediately after the sprints were linearly related after placebo (r = 0.74, P < 0.001; n = 18), but not after antioxidants ingestion (r = 0.35, P = 0.15). In summary, lactate accumulation during sprint exercise in severe acute hypoxia is not caused by a reduced activation of the PDH. The ingestion of antioxidants is associated with increased PDH re-phosphorylation and slower elimination of muscle lactate during the recovery period. Ser293 re-phosphorylates at a faster rate than Ser300-PDH-E1α during the recovery period, suggesting slightly different regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Morales-Alamo
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Borja Guerra
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Alfredo Santana
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Clinical Genetics Unit, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular-Materno Infantil de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Marcos Martin-Rincon
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Miriam Gelabert-Rebato
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Cecilia Dorado
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - José A L Calbet
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.,Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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Insights on Localized and Systemic Delivery of Redox-Based Therapeutics. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2468457. [PMID: 29636836 PMCID: PMC5832094 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2468457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are indispensable in cellular physiology and signaling. Overproduction of these reactive species or failure to maintain their levels within the physiological range results in cellular redox dysfunction, often termed cellular oxidative stress. Redox dysfunction in turn is at the molecular basis of disease etiology and progression. Accordingly, antioxidant intervention to restore redox homeostasis has been pursued as a therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders among many others. Despite preliminary success in cellular and animal models, redox-based interventions have virtually been ineffective in clinical trials. We propose the fundamental reason for their failure is a flawed delivery approach. Namely, systemic delivery for a geographically local disease limits the effectiveness of the antioxidant. We take a critical look at the literature and evaluate successful and unsuccessful approaches to translation of redox intervention to the clinical arena, including dose, patient selection, and delivery approach. We argue that when interpreting a failed antioxidant-based clinical trial, it is crucial to take into account these variables and importantly, whether the drug had an effect on the redox status. Finally, we propose that local and targeted delivery hold promise to translate redox-based therapies from the bench to the bedside.
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Abstract
Sepsis progression is linked with the imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a powerful antioxidant, in organs of rats submitted to sepsis. Male Wistar rats were subjected to sepsis by cecal ligation puncture (CLP) and treated with ALA or vehicle. After CLP (12 and 24 h), the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, protein and lipid oxidative damage, and antioxidant enzymes in the liver, kidney, heart, and lung were evaluated. ALA was effective in reducing MPO activity, lipid peroxidation in the liver, and protein carbonylation only in the kidney in 12 h after CLP. In 12 h, SOD activity increased in the kidney and CAT activity in the liver and kidney with ALA treatment. Thus, ALA was able to reduce the inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver and kidney after sepsis in rats.
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE A common link between all forms of acute and chronic kidney injuries, regardless of species, is enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) during injury/disease progression. While low levels of ROS and RNS are required for prosurvival signaling, cell proliferation and growth, and vasoreactivity regulation, an imbalance of ROS and RNS generation and elimination leads to inflammation, cell death, tissue damage, and disease/injury progression. RECENT ADVANCES Many aspects of renal oxidative stress still require investigation, including clarification of the mechanisms which prompt ROS/RNS generation and subsequent renal damage. However, we currently have a basic understanding of the major features of oxidative stress pathology and its link to kidney injury/disease, which this review summarizes. CRITICAL ISSUES The review summarizes the critical sources of oxidative stress in the kidney during injury/disease, including generation of ROS and RNS from mitochondria, NADPH oxidase, and inducible nitric oxide synthase. The review next summarizes the renal antioxidant systems that protect against oxidative stress, including superoxide dismutase and catalase, the glutathione and thioredoxin systems, and others. Next, we describe how oxidative stress affects kidney function and promotes damage in every nephron segment, including the renal vessels, glomeruli, and tubules. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Despite the limited success associated with the application of antioxidants for treatment of kidney injury/disease thus far, preventing the generation and accumulation of ROS and RNS provides an ideal target for potential therapeutic treatments. The review discusses the shortcomings of antioxidant treatments previously used and the potential promise of new ones. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 119-146.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian B Ratliff
- 1 Department of Medicine, Renal Research Institute , New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York.,2 Department of Physiology, Renal Research Institute , New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Wasan Abdulmahdi
- 2 Department of Physiology, Renal Research Institute , New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Rahul Pawar
- 1 Department of Medicine, Renal Research Institute , New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Michael S Wolin
- 2 Department of Physiology, Renal Research Institute , New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
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Mitochondrial signaling in the vascular endothelium: beyond reactive oxygen species. Basic Res Cardiol 2016; 111:26. [PMID: 26992928 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-016-0546-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, the mitochondria have been viewed as the cell's powerhouse, producing energy in the form of ATP. As a byproduct of ATP formation, the mitochondrial electron transport chain produces substantial amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS). First thought to be toxic, recent literature indicates an important signaling function for mitochondria-derived ROS, especially in relation to cardiovascular disease pathogenesis. This has spawned an evolution to a more contemporary view of mitochondrial function as a dynamic organelle involved in key regulatory and cell survival processes. Beyond ROS, recent studies have identified a host of mitochondria-linked factors that influence the cellular and extracellular environments, including mitochondria-derived peptides, mitochondria-localized proteins, and the mitochondrial genome itself. Interestingly, many of these factors help orchestrate ROS homeostasis and ROS-related signaling. The paradigm defining the role of mitochondria in the vasculature needs to be updated yet again to include these key signaling factors, which serves as the focus of the current review. In describing these novel signaling factors, we pay specific attention to their influence on endothelial homeostasis. Therapies targeting these pathways are discussed, as are emerging research directions.
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12
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Sharma A. Monosodium glutamate-induced oxidative kidney damage and possible mechanisms: a mini-review. J Biomed Sci 2015; 22:93. [PMID: 26493866 PMCID: PMC4618747 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-015-0192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal studies suggest that chronic monosodium glutamate (MSG) intake induces kidney damage by oxidative stress. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear, despite the growing evidence and consensus that α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, glutamate receptors and cystine-glutamate antiporter play an important role in up-regulation of oxidative stress in MSG-induced renal toxicity. This review summaries evidence from studies into MSG-induced renal oxidative damage, possible mechanisms and their importance from a toxicological viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amod Sharma
- Department of Physiology, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand. .,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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