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Analysis of the Mechanism of GuizhiFuling Wan in Treating Adenomyosis Based on Network Pharmacology Combined with Molecular Docking and Experimental Verification. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6350257. [PMID: 36065269 PMCID: PMC9440632 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6350257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background The effect of GuizhiFuling Wan (GFW) on adenomyosis (AM) is definite. This study aimed to explore the mechanism and key therapeutic targets of GFW in treating AM through network pharmacology combined with molecular docking and experimental verification. Materials and Methods In network pharmacology, firstly, the active components of GFW, its drug, and disease targets were screened through several related public databases, and GFW-AM common targets were obtained after the intersection. Then, the biological function (Gene Ontology, GO) and pathway (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, KEGG) of GFW in treating AM were enriched and analyzed. Finally, the interaction and binding force between key components and key targets of GFW were verified by molecular docking. In the animal part, the effect of GFW on the expression of matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP-2), matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in mice with AM was observed by HE staining, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry. Results In this study, 89 active components of GFW, 102 related targets, and 291 targets of AM were collected. After the intersection, 26 common targets were finally obtained. The key active compounds were baicalein, sitosterol, and β-sitosterol, and the key targets were MMP-2, MMP-9, and VEGF. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that biological processes such as the positive regulation of vascular endothelial migration and signaling pathways such as TNF and HIF-1 were involved in regulating angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis in AM. The molecular docking results showed that baicalein, β-sitosterol, and stigmasterol had better binding potential with MMP-2, MMP-9, and VEGF. The results of in vivo analysis showed that GFW could decrease the serum content and protein expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, and VEGF in mice with AM. Conclusions GFW could reduce the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, and VEGF, which might be an essential mechanism for GFW to inhibit the invasion and metastasis of ectopic tissues of AM.
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Doigneaux C, Pedley AM, Mistry IN, Papayova M, Benkovic SJ, Tavassoli A. Hypoxia drives the assembly of the multienzyme purinosome complex. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:9551-9566. [PMID: 32439803 PMCID: PMC7363121 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The purinosome is a dynamic metabolic complex composed of enzymes responsible for de novo purine biosynthesis, whose formation has been associated with elevated purine demand. However, the physiological conditions that govern purinosome formation in cells remain unknown. Here, we report that purinosome formation is up-regulated in cells in response to a low-oxygen microenvironment (hypoxia). We demonstrate that increased purinosome assembly in hypoxic human cells requires the activation of hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) and not HIF-2. Hypoxia-driven purinosome assembly was inhibited in cells lacking 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase (ATIC), a single enzyme in de novo purine biosynthesis, and in cells treated with a small molecule inhibitor of ATIC homodimerization. However, despite the increase in purinosome assembly in hypoxia, we observed no associated increase in de novo purine biosynthesis in cells. Our results indicate that this was likely due to a reduction in mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism, resulting in reduced mitochondrion-derived one-carbon units needed for de novo purine biosynthesis. The findings of our study further clarify and deepen our understanding of purinosome formation by revealing that this process does not solely depend on cellular purine demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrielle Doigneaux
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony M Pedley
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ishna N Mistry
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Monika Papayova
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J Benkovic
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ali Tavassoli
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Hait NC, Maiti A, Xu P, Qi Q, Kawaguchi T, Okano M, Takabe K, Yan L, Luo C. Regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor functions in the nucleus by sphingosine-1-phosphate. FASEB J 2020; 34:4293-4310. [PMID: 32017264 PMCID: PMC10112293 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901734rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2) is known to phosphorylate the nuclear sphingolipid metabolite to generate sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Nuclear S1P is involved in epigenetic regulation of gene expression; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In this work, we have identified the role of nuclear S1P and SphK2 in regulating hypoxia-responsive master transcription factors hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α/2α, and their functions in breast cancer, with a focus on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We have shown SphK2 is associated with HIF-1α in protein complexes, and is enriched at the promoters of HIF target genes, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), where it enhances local histone H3 acetylation and transcription. S1P specifically binds to the PAS domains of HIF-1α. SphK2, and HIF-1α expression levels are elevated in metastatic estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) and TNBC clinical tissue specimens compared to healthy breast tissue samples. To determine if S1P formation in the nucleus by SphK2 is a key regulator of HIF functions, we found using a preclinical TNBC xenograft mouse model, and an existing selective SphK2 inhibitor K-145, that nuclear S1P, histone acetylation, HIF-1α expression, and TNBC tumor growth were all reduced in vivo. Our results suggest that S1P and SphK2 in the nucleus are linked to the regulation of HIF-1α/2α functions associated with breast cancer progression, and may provide potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitai C Hait
- Division of Breast Surgery and Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Aparna Maiti
- Division of Breast Surgery and Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Pan Xu
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qianya Qi
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Tsutomu Kawaguchi
- Division of Breast Surgery and Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Maiko Okano
- Division of Breast Surgery and Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Division of Breast Surgery and Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Cheng Luo
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Methods for generating and screening libraries of genetically encoded cyclic peptides in drug discovery. Nat Rev Chem 2020; 4:90-101. [PMID: 37128052 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-019-0159-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Drug discovery has traditionally focused on using libraries of small molecules to identify therapeutic drugs, but new modalities, especially libraries of genetically encoded cyclic peptides, are increasingly used for this purpose. Several technologies now exist for the production of libraries of cyclic peptides, including phage display, mRNA display and split-intein circular ligation of peptides and proteins. These different approaches are each compatible with particular methods of screening libraries, such as functional or affinity-based screening, and screening in vitro or in cells. These techniques allow the rapid preparation of libraries of hundreds of millions of molecules without the need for chemical synthesis, and have therefore lowered the entry barrier to generating and screening for inhibitors of a given target. This ease of use combined with the inherent advantages of the cyclic-peptide scaffold has yielded inhibitors of targets that have proved difficult to drug with small molecules. Multiple reports demonstrate that cyclic peptides act as privileged scaffolds in drug discovery, particularly against 'undruggable' targets such as protein-protein interactions. Although substantial challenges remain in the clinical translation of hits from screens of cyclic-peptide libraries, progress continues to be made in this area, with an increasing number of cyclic peptides entering clinical trials. Here, we detail the various platforms for producing and screening libraries of genetically encoded cyclic peptides and discuss and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each approach when deployed for drug discovery.
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Sung WW, Chu YC, Chen PR, Liao MH, Lee JW. Positive regulation of HIF-1A expression by EBV oncoprotein LMP1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Cancer Lett 2016; 382:21-31. [PMID: 27567526 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) is a pivotal viral oncoprotein that contributes to the carcinogenesis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated malignancies, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We investigated the regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α) by LMP1. In NPC cells, we found that LMP1 significantly enhanced the HIF-1α mRNA level, and not only the protein amount as described previously. Mechanistically, the stability of the HIF-1α transcript was remarkably prolonged by LMP1 via reduced expressions of RNA-destabilizing proteins tristetraprolin (TTP) and pumilio RNA-binding family member 2 (PUM2) through C-terminal activation region 1 (CTAR1) and CTAR3 interaction with the ERK1/2 and STAT3 signaling pathways, respectively, in parallel with hindrance of PUM2 binding to the HIF-1α mRNA 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR). On the other hand, HIF-1A promoter activity was also obviously facilitated by the LMP1 CTAR1-recruited ERK1/2/NF-κB pathway. Intriguingly, in this scenario, augmented HIF-1α further exhibited positive auto-regulation of its own gene transcription. Our results showed the first time that LMP1 directly up-regulates HIF-1A transcription and post-transcription in NPC cells, in addition to providing evidence of an increase in the HIF-1α mRNA level caused by a tumor-associated virus under normoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wen Sung
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chih Chu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Peir-Rong Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hui Liao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.
| | - Jeng-Woei Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Alivand MR, Sabouni F, Soheili ZS. Probable Chemical Hypoxia Effects on Progress of CNV Through Induction of Promoter CpG Demethylation and Overexpression of IL17RC in Human RPE Cells. Curr Eye Res 2016; 41:1245-54. [DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2015.1095933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Alivand
- Molecular Medicine Department, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetic, Medical Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sabouni
- Molecular Medicine Department, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra-Soheila Soheili
- Molecular Medicine Department, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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Zhang D, Wei C, Yao J, Cai X, Wang L. Interleukin-10 gene-carrying bifidobacteria ameliorate murine ulcerative colitis by regulating regulatory T cell/T helper 17 cell pathway. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 240:1622-9. [PMID: 25956685 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215584901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease suggested to be closely related to the imbalance of regulatory T cell/T helper 17 cell (Treg/Th17) signaling. Previously, we constructed an interleukin-10 (IL-10) expression vector, BL-hIL-10, and proved that it ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced intestinal inflammation in mice. In this study, we further explored the mechanisms underlying BL-hIL-10 treatment from the Treg/Th17 imbalance perspective. Our results showed that the oral administration of BL-hIL-10 reduced the UC inflammation in mice significantly, which was assessed by disease activity index, spleen index, and pathological changes in colon tissue. Moreover, the mice after BL-hIL-10 treatment had increased proportion of Treg cells while Th17 cells decreased greatly, leading to the reconstruction of Treg/Th17 balance. Furthermore, the Th17 cell-secreted factors, such as IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23, were reduced, but the Treg-related factors, IL-10 and Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), were elevated accordingly. Finally, Western blot confirmed the inhibition of nuclear hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and cytoplasmic mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in intestinal tissues. In conclusion, oral administration of BL-hIL-10 can alleviate the inflammation responses of UC in murine model through the restoration of Treg/Th17 imbalance, which might be at least partially due to the inhibition of hypoxia-mTOR-HIF-1α-Th17 axis as well as IL-6-STAT3-HIF-1α-Th17 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingguo Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, ChinaThe first two authors contributed to this research equally
| | - Cheng Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, ChinaThe first two authors contributed to this research equally
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, ChinaThe first two authors contributed to this research equally
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, ChinaThe first two authors contributed to this research equally
| | - Lisheng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinan University of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, ChinaThe first two authors contributed to this research equally
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Mistry IN, Smith PJS, Wilson DI, Tavassoli A. Probing the epigenetic regulation of HIF-1α transcription in developing tissue. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2015; 11:2780-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00281h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
HIF-1-mediated hypoxia signalling in embryonic tissue is probed by assessing the methylation status of the HIF-1α and EPO HRE promoters using bisulfite sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P. J. S. Smith
- Institute for Life Sciences
- University of Southampton
- Southampton
- UK
| | - D. I. Wilson
- Human Development and Health
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Southampton
- Southampton
- UK
| | - A. Tavassoli
- Chemistry
- University of Southampton
- Southampton
- UK
- Institute for Life Sciences
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